CN106923085B - Functional feed for preventing physiological red body of grass carp and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Functional feed for preventing physiological red body of grass carp and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A functional feed for preventing physiological red body of grass carp comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-6 parts of fish meal, 8-14 parts of chicken bone meal, 12-25 parts of expanded soybean meal, 13-27 parts of expanded rapeseed meal, 5-15 parts of dried distillers' grains and soluble substances thereof, 8-18 parts of wheat, 4-8 parts of unite bran, 1-2 parts of soybean oil, 1-3 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 0.1-0.2 part of choline chloride, 0.15-0.2 part of multi-vitamin premix, 0.15-0.2 part of multi-mineral premix, 4-8 parts of flour, 0.01-0.05 part of active strain fermentation extracellular product extract, 2-4 parts of compound plant water extract and 0.15-0.2 part of toxin adsorbent. The feed disclosed by the invention completely meets the nutritional requirements of the grass carps, can effectively prevent the occurrence and diffusion of the red bodies of the grass carps, and greatly reduces the risk of potential secondary diseases caused by the red bodies of the grass carps; the prevention effect on the physiological red body of the grass carp is obviously improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a functional feed for grass carp, in particular to a functional feed for preventing the physiological redness of grass carp and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The grass carp is one of the most important freshwater fish culture varieties in China, the annual culture yield is increased year by year, the annual culture yield is over 568 ten thousand tons in 2015, accounts for 20.9 percent of the annual yield of the freshwater fish, and is positioned at the head of the annual culture yield of the freshwater fish.
Generally, the culture period of the grass carps is 2-4 years old, the marketing specification is 2-8 jin mostly, and the grass carps are reliably cultured under reasonable market conditions. In recent years, grass carp in different breeding stages in a breeding period is continuously monitored, and the phenomenon that the grass carp is only reddened due to overlarge temperature difference, unstable water quality phycomycete phase, catching net and the like is very common and mainly shows that capillary blood stasis expansion of skin capillary vessels of the grass carp body occurs, and in severe cases, the phenomena that scales are loosened and red blood cells are dissociated outside the blood vessels to form bleeding due to insufficient blood circulation and oxygen supply of skin tissues are caused. The phenomenon essentially belongs to an autonomous reaction of the grass carps to the stress factors, the harm of the grass carps is mainly reflected in that the secondary defense function of the grass carps against the invasion of exogenous pathogens is reduced, the occurrence risk of secondary red skin and rotten bodies is suddenly increased, and the grass carps are an important incentive which is potentially harmful to the breeding success rate of the grass carps.
Disclosure of Invention
In a first aspect, the invention provides a functional feed for preventing physiological redness of grass carps, aiming at the problem of physiological redness of grass carps in a breeding period, and the functional additive is added in a feed formula, so that the smooth blood circulation of peripheral blood is promoted by regulating the contraction and expansion of peripheral capillary vessels of the grass carps, and the problem of physiological redness of the grass carps is prevented.
A functional feed for preventing physiological red body of grass carp comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-6 parts of fish meal, 8-14 parts of chicken bone meal, 12-25 parts of expanded soybean meal, 13-27 parts of expanded rapeseed meal, 5-15 parts of dried distillers' grains and soluble substances thereof, 8-18 parts of wheat, 4-8 parts of unite bran, 1-2 parts of soybean oil, 1-3 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 0.1-0.2 part of choline chloride, 0.15-0.2 part of multi-vitamin premix, 0.15-0.2 part of multi-mineral premix, 4-8 parts of flour, 0.01-0.05 part of active strain fermentation extracellular product extract, 2-4 parts of compound plant water extract and 0.15-0.2 part of toxin adsorbent.
A preferred functional feed for preventing physiological red body of grass carp comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of fish meal, 12 parts of chicken bone meal, 19 parts of expanded soybean meal, 25 parts of expanded rapeseed meal, 8 parts of dried distillers' grains and soluble substances thereof, 8 parts of wheat, 8 parts of rice bran, 2 parts of soybean oil, 2 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 0.2 part of choline chloride, 0.2 part of multi-vitamin premix, 0.2 part of multi-mineral premix, 7.8 parts of flour, 0.05 part of active strain fermentation extracellular product extract, 2.35 parts of compound plant water extract and 0.2 part of toxin adsorbent.
A preferred functional feed for preventing physiological red body of grass carp comprises the following components in parts by weight: 6 parts of fish meal, 14 parts of chicken bone meal, 20 parts of expanded soybean meal, 20 parts of expanded rapeseed meal, 9 parts of dried distillers' grains and soluble substances thereof, 10 parts of wheat, 6 parts of unite bran, 2 parts of soybean oil, 2 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 0.2 part of choline chloride, 0.2 part of multi-vitamin premix, 0.2 part of multi-mineral premix, 7.8 parts of flour, 0.03 part of active strain extracellular product extract, 2.37 parts of compound plant water extract and 0.2 part of toxin adsorbent.
Preferably, the active strain fermentation extracellular product extract is an extracellular product of actinobacillus fermentation culture. The extracellular products were detected to be proteins with molecular weights of about 40-160 KD.
Further preferably, the active strain fermentation extracellular product extract is prepared by a method comprising the following steps: fermenting and culturing actinobacillus till OD is 2.6-3.0, collecting supernatant, dialyzing, concentrating, drying, and collecting powder.
Wherein the culture medium for fermenting and culturing the actinobacillus is a commercial tryptone nutrient medium.
Wherein the above actinobacillus is optionally activated, for example, by shake flask culture and resuscitated on commercially available tryptose peptone liquid nutrient medium.
Wherein the drying may be accomplished by means of vacuum or the like.
In the preparation method of the extract of the extracellular product fermented by the active strain, the dried powder is subjected to heat treatment to inactivate the activity of the antigenic protein component contained in the powder, for example, the powder is subjected to constant-temperature heat treatment at 65 ℃ for 30 minutes.
In a preferred embodiment, the active strain fermentation extracellular product extract is prepared by a method comprising the following steps: resuscitating actinobacillus on a commercial tryptone nutrient medium, inoculating the actinobacillus into a fermentation tank pre-filled with the commercial tryptone nutrient medium, carrying out fermentation culture until OD is 2.6-3.0, then ultracentrifuging to remove thalli and high molecular weight impurities, taking supernatant, filling the supernatant into a dialysis bag, carrying out running water dialysis for 48 hours to remove low molecular weight impurities, adding PEG2000 to concentrate liquid in the dialysis bag to an original volume of 1/5, carrying out vacuum drying, collecting powder, and carrying out constant temperature heat treatment on the powder at 65 ℃ for 30 minutes. The powder obtained by the treatment according to the steps is the extract of the extracellular products of the active bacterial strain.
Preferably, the compound plant water extract comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-65 parts of eucommia aqueous extract, 15-20 parts of dark plum aqueous extract, 15-25 parts of codonopsis aqueous extract, 5-10 parts of red paeony root aqueous extract, 1-5 parts of poria cocos aqueous extract and 2-5 parts of radix asparagi aqueous extract.
Further preferably, the compound plant water extract comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of eucommia aqueous extract, 20 parts of dark plum aqueous extract, 15 parts of codonopsis pilosula aqueous extract, 5 parts of red paeony root aqueous extract, 5 parts of poria cocos aqueous extract and 5 parts of radix asparagi aqueous extract.
Preferably, the preparation of the plant extract is obtained by a method comprising the steps of: weighing the plants, respectively adding the weighed plants into water with the weight volume ratio of 10-15 times, boiling, continuously heating to evaporate water, and finally enabling the solution per 1ml to be equivalent to the solution containing 1-1.5g of the plants to obtain the corresponding plant water extract, wherein the plants comprise but are not limited to eucommia ulmoides, dark plum, codonopsis pilosula, red paeony root, poria cocos and asparagus cochinchinensis.
In a preferred embodiment, the preparation of the aqueous extract of eucommia ulmoides is obtained by a method comprising the steps of: adding Eucommiae cortex into water, boiling, heating to evaporate water, and making 1-1.5g Eucommiae cortex contained in 1ml solution to obtain corresponding Eucommiae cortex water extract.
In a preferred embodiment, the preparation of the aqueous dark plum extract is obtained by a process comprising the steps of: adding mume fructus into water, boiling, heating to evaporate water, and making 1-1.5g mume fructus in each 1ml solution to obtain corresponding mume fructus water extract.
In a preferred embodiment, the preparation of the aqueous extract of Codonopsis pilosula is obtained by a process comprising the steps of: adding radix Codonopsis into water, boiling, heating to evaporate water until each 1ml solution contains 1-1.5g radix Codonopsis to obtain corresponding radix Codonopsis water extract.
In a preferred embodiment, the preparation of the aqueous red peony extract is obtained by a process comprising the steps of: adding radix Paeoniae Rubra into water, boiling, heating to evaporate water, and making the solution per 1ml equal to 1-1.5g radix Paeoniae Rubra to obtain corresponding radix Paeoniae Rubra water extract.
In a preferred embodiment, the aqueous extract of poria cocos wolf is prepared by a process comprising the following steps: adding Poria into water, boiling, and heating to evaporate water to obtain 1-1.5g Poria per 1ml solution.
In a preferred embodiment, the preparation of an aqueous extract of Asparagus racemosus is obtained by a process comprising the steps of: adding radix asparagi into water, boiling, and heating to evaporate water to obtain 1-1.5g radix asparagi per 1ml solution to obtain corresponding radix asparagi water extract.
Preferably, the multi-vitamin premix is a hydantoin special freshwater fish multi-vitamin premix.
Preferably, the polymineral premix is a hydantoin special freshwater fish polymineral premix.
Preferably, the toxin adsorbent is a demomycin montmorillonite.
In the functional feed for preventing physiological body redness of grass carp provided by the invention, the fish meal can be imported fish meal or domestic fish meal, and further, the domestic fish meal is preferred in view of cost.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a method for preparing the functional feed for preventing the physiological redness of the grass carps, which is prepared by crushing, mixing, optionally extruding and cutting the components.
Compared with the common grass carp feed, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the feed formula of the invention completely meets the nutritional requirements of grass carp, the added active strain fermentation extracellular product extract can effectively improve blood circulation, enhance the capability of the grass carp body to autonomously regulate the contraction and expansion of peripheral capillary vessels, effectively prevent the occurrence and diffusion of grass carp body redness, and greatly reduce the potential risk of secondary diseases caused by the grass carp body redness.
2. The feed is added with the compound plant aqueous extract, has the characteristics of safety, high efficiency, environmental protection, can effectively enhance the smoothness of blood circulation of the grass carp body, can also play a remarkable synergistic effect with the extract of the extracellular product fermented by the active bacterial strain, and remarkably improves the prevention effect on the red body of the grass carp.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.
Example 1
The feed for preventing the physiological red body of the grass carp comprises the following components in parts by weight: the feed comprises 5 parts of domestic fish meal, 12 parts of chicken bone meal, 19 parts of expanded soybean meal, 25 parts of expanded rapeseed meal, 8 parts of dried distillers' grains and soluble substances thereof, 8 parts of wheat, 8 parts of unite bran, 2 parts of soybean oil, 2 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 0.2 part of choline chloride, 0.2 part of multi-dimensional premix, 0.2 part of multi-mineral premix, 7.8 parts of flour, 0.05 part of active strain fermentation extracellular product extract, 2.35 parts of compound plant water extract and 0.2 part of mould-removed montmorillonite.
The preparation method of the extract of the extracellular products fermented by the active bacterial strain comprises the following steps: resuscitating actinobacillus on a commercial trypticase nutrient medium, inoculating the actinobacillus into a fermentation tank, carrying out fermentation culture until OD is 2.7, ultracentrifuging to remove thalli, taking supernatant, filling the supernatant into a dialysis bag, carrying out running water dialysis, concentrating until the volume is 1/5, carrying out vacuum drying, collecting powder, and carrying out constant-temperature heat treatment on the powder at 65 ℃ for 30 minutes to obtain the actinobacillus.
The preparation method of the compound plant aqueous extract comprises the following steps: respectively adding eucommia ulmoides, dark plum fruit, codonopsis pilosula, red paeony root, poria cocos and asparagus cochinchinensis into water, boiling, continuously concentrating until each 1ml of solution contains 1g of corresponding eucommia ulmoides, dark plum fruit, codonopsis pilosula, red paeony root, poria cocos and asparagus cochinchinensis to obtain corresponding eucommia ulmoides, dark plum fruit, codonopsis pilosula, red paeony root, poria cocos and asparagus cochinchinensis aqueous extracts, taking 50 parts by weight of the eucommia ulmoides aqueous extract, 20 parts by weight of the dark plum aqueous extract, 15 parts by weight of the codonopsis pilosula aqueous extract, 5 parts by weight of the red paeony root aqueous extract, 5 parts by weight of the poria cocos aqueous.
Example 2
The feed for preventing the physiological red body of the grass carp comprises the following components in parts by weight: 6 parts of domestic fish meal, 14 parts of chicken bone meal, 20 parts of expanded soybean meal, 20 parts of expanded rapeseed meal, 9 parts of dried distillers' grains and soluble substances thereof, 10 parts of wheat, 6 parts of rice bran, 2 parts of soybean oil, 2 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 0.2 part of choline chloride, 0.2 part of multi-dimensional premix, 0.2 part of multi-mineral premix, 7.8 parts of flour, 0.03 part of active strain fermentation extracellular product extract, 2.37 parts of compound plant water extract and 0.2 part of mould-removed montmorillonite.
The preparation method of the extract of the extracellular products fermented by the active bacterial strain comprises the following steps: resuscitating actinobacillus on a commercial trypticase nutrient medium, inoculating the actinobacillus into a fermentation tank for fermentation culture for 36 hours, ultracentrifuging to remove thalli, taking supernatant, filling the supernatant into a dialysis bag for running water dialysis, concentrating to 1/5, drying in vacuum, collecting powder, and carrying out constant-temperature heat treatment on the powder at 65 ℃ for 30 minutes to obtain the actinobacillus.
The preparation method of the compound plant aqueous extract comprises the following steps: respectively adding eucommia ulmoides, dark plum fruit, codonopsis pilosula, red paeony root, poria cocos and asparagus cochinchinensis into water, boiling, continuously concentrating until each 1ml of solution contains 1g of corresponding eucommia ulmoides, dark plum fruit, codonopsis pilosula, red paeony root, poria cocos and asparagus cochinchinensis to obtain corresponding eucommia ulmoides, dark plum fruit, codonopsis pilosula, red paeony root, poria cocos and asparagus cochinchinensis aqueous extracts, taking 50 parts by weight of the eucommia ulmoides aqueous extract, 20 parts by weight of the dark plum aqueous extract, 15 parts by weight of the codonopsis pilosula aqueous extract, 5 parts by weight of the red paeony root aqueous extract, 5 parts by weight of the poria cocos aqueous.
Test example 1 preventive effect on physiological redness of grass carp
In this embodiment, 9 groups of feeds are used for feeding experiments, and the groups of feeds are specifically shown in table 1, wherein 1 group and 2 groups are feeds of examples 1 and 2, control group 11 and control group 21 are feeds obtained by replacing the active strain with flour to ferment the extracellular product extract on the basis of 1 group and 2 groups, respectively, control group 12 and control group 22 are feeds obtained by replacing the compound plant water extract with flour on the basis of 1 group and 2 groups, control group 13 and control group 23 are feeds obtained by replacing the active strain with flour to ferment the extracellular product extract and the compound plant water extract on the basis of 1 group and 2 groups, respectively, and the control group is a certain brand grass carp pellet feed purchased from the market, and the main nutritional components of the control group are as follows: 30% of protein, 8% of fat, 12% of crude fiber, 16% of crude ash and 2.8% of lysine.
Table 1:
selecting 200g +/-8 g of healthy grass carps, randomly selecting 2700 grass carps from 3000 grass carps, dividing into 9 groups, and feeding the 9 feeds respectively. The test period was 15 days. During the test period, all the feeds are fed according to the daily average feeding rate of 2.5 percent, and three meals a day are fed at fixed time and fixed point.
(1) Construction of physiological red body model
Pulling the net to pull the grass carps to one corner of the net cage, fishing the grass carps one by using a fork net to be placed on a drainage thread, leaving water for 20-30 seconds, weighing by a balance, lifting the drainage thread by a semi-automatic fish lifting machine for 60 seconds, placing the grass carps into a big plastic bucket with still water and aeration for oxygenation, and statically culturing for 3 minutes, wherein if local erythema or diffuse hyperemia symptoms of the grass carps are found in observation, the grass carps can be determined to be physiologically red, and if no obvious erythema or diffuse hyperemia of the grass carps is found, the grass carps can be determined to be recovered.
(2) Preventive effect on physiological body redness of grass carp
On the 15 th day of the test, the physiological red body model building method is adopted to carry out the steps of net cage lifting, fish fishing, strand water filtering, weighing, lifting, resting and observation on each group of test fishes. During observation, the physiological red body occurrence ratio of each group of grass carps after the rest time is calculated by observing and recording, and the calculation formula is as follows:
physiological red body incidence (%) — number of samples identified as physiological red body/total number of sedentary grass carps in the same barrel × 100
The physiological redness incidence of each group of grass carps is shown in table 2.
Table 2:
as can be seen from table 2, the grass carp fed with the functional feed prepared in example 1 and example 2 (group 1 and group 2) had physiological redness of only 0.5% and 0.5%, respectively, while the grass carp fed with a commercial grass carp pellet feed (control group) had physiological redness of 20%. From this, it is understood that the functional feeds prepared in examples 1 and 2 can effectively prevent the incidence of physiological redness of grass carp compared to the commercial pellet feed for common grass carp.
The incidence of physiological redness of grass carp fed with the feed based on the formulation of example 1 and lacking the extract of extracellular products fermented by the active strains was increased to 3% (control 11), while the incidence of physiological redness of grass carp fed with the feed based on the formulation of example 1 and lacking the aqueous extract of the compound plant was increased to 4.5% (control 12); the incidence of physiological redness of grass carp using the feed based on the formulation of example 1 and lacking the extracellular product extract fermented by the active strain and the aqueous extract of the compound plant was 19.5% (control group 13). Therefore, based on the formula in example 1, the inactivated strain fermented extracellular product extract or the compound plant water extract in the formula alone still has a certain prevention effect on physiological red body of grass carp, but the prevention effect is obviously lower than that of a feed group (group 1) containing the activated strain fermented extracellular product extract and the compound plant water extract; meanwhile, the prevention effect of the compound grass carp feed on physiological red body of grass carp is also obviously higher than that of a feed group (a control group 13) with both the extracellular product extract obtained by fermenting the active bacterial strain and the water extract of the compound plant being absent. Therefore, the active strain fermentation extracellular product extract and the compound plant water extract play a synergistic effect in the aspect of the physiological red body prevention effect of the grass carps in the feed.
The incidence of physiological redness of grass carp fed with the feed based on the formulation of example 2 and lacking the extract of extracellular products fermented by the active strains was increased to 4% (control group 21), while the incidence of physiological redness of grass carp fed with the feed based on the formulation of example 2 and lacking the aqueous extract of the compound plant was increased to 5.5% (control group 22); the incidence of physiological redness of grass carp using the feed based on the formulation of example 2 and lacking the extracellular product extract fermented by the active strain and the aqueous extract of the compound plant was 20.5% (control 23). Therefore, based on the formulation in example 2, the inactivated strain fermented extracellular product extract or compound plant water extract (control group 21 and control group 22) is absent in the formulation alone, although the prevention effect on the physiological redness of grass carp is still exhibited, the prevention effect is obviously lower than that of the feed group (group 2) containing the active strain fermented extracellular product extract and compound plant water extract; meanwhile, the prevention effect of the compound grass carp feed on physiological red body of grass carp is also obviously higher than that of a feed group (a control group 23) with both the extracellular product extract obtained by fermenting the active bacterial strain and the water extract of the compound plant being absent. Therefore, the active strain fermentation extracellular product extract and the compound plant water extract play a synergistic effect in preventing the physiological red body effect of the grass carp in the feed.
From the above results, it can be seen that the functional feed of the present invention can effectively prevent the physiological redness of grass carp, and the extracellular product extract fermented by the active strain and the aqueous extract of the compound plant have a synergistic effect in preventing the physiological redness of grass carp in the feed of the present invention.
Test example 2 preventive effect on physiological redness during grass carp transportation
The feed group of test example 1 and the method for feeding grass carp of test example 1 were used for feeding. And on the 15 th day of the test, carrying out net cage lifting, fish fishing, strand water filtering, weighing, lifting and fish loading on each group of test fish. The water temperature of the fish car is 10 ℃, oxygen is supplied continuously, and the transportation running time is 6 hours.
And when the running time is over, unloading the grass carps loaded by the fish cart to an uninterrupted oxygen supply glass jar, keeping the grass carps at the water temperature of 10 ℃ for 10 minutes, and observing and recording the grass carps, wherein if local erythema or diffuse hyperemia of the grass carps is found, the grass carps can be considered as physiologically red, and if no obvious erythema or diffuse hyperemia of the grass carps is found, the grass carps can be considered as recovered.
The occurrence proportion of physiological red bodies of the grass carps in each group after the transportation time is over is observed, recorded and calculated, and the calculation formula is as follows:
physiological red body incidence (%) -100 samples/grass carp total number of physiological red bodies
The results are shown in Table 3.
Table 3:
as can be seen from Table 3, the incidence of physiological redness of grass carp fed for 15 consecutive days using the functional feed prepared in examples 1 and 2 was 3% (1 group) and 2% (2 groups). The physiological red body incidence rate of the grass carps fed with a certain brand of grass carp granulated feed commodity on the market reaches 31 percent (a control group). From this, it is understood that the functional feeds prepared in examples 1 and 2 can effectively prevent the incidence of physiological redness of grass carp after long-term transportation in a fish cart, compared to the commercial pellet feed for common grass carp.
The grass carp fed with the feed based on the formulation of example 1 and lacking the extract of extracellular products fermented by active strains showed an increase in the incidence of physiological redness after long-term transport in a car (control group 11), while the grass carp fed with the feed based on the formulation of example 1 and lacking the aqueous extract of compound plants showed an increase in the incidence of physiological redness after long-term transport in a car (control group 12); in contrast, the grass carp fed with the feed based on the formulation of example 1 and lacking the extracellular product extract fermented by the active strain and the aqueous extract of the compound plant had a physiological red body incidence of 19.5% after being transported by a fish cart for a long time (control group 13). Therefore, based on the formulation in example 1, the inactivated strain fermented extracellular product extract or compound plant water extract (control group 11 and control group 12) is absent in the formulation alone, although the prevention effect on physiological red body of grass carp after long-time transportation by a fish cart is still shown, the prevention effect is obviously lower than that of the feed group (group 1) containing the active strain fermented extracellular product extract and compound plant water extract; meanwhile, the prevention effect of the feed on the physiological red body of the grass carp transported by a fish cart for a long time is also obviously higher than that of a feed group (a control group 13) with the loss of the active strain fermentation extracellular product extract and the compound plant water extract. This shows that, therefore, the active strain fermentation extracellular product extract and the compound plant water extract exert a synergistic effect in the feed in terms of the physiological red body prevention effect of the grass carp during transportation.
The grass carp fed with the feed based on the formulation of example 2 and lacking the extracellular product extract fermented by the active strain showed a physiological redness increase of 4% (control group 21) after long-term transport in a car, while the grass carp fed with the feed based on the formulation of example 2 and lacking the aqueous extract of the compound plant showed a physiological redness increase of 5.5% (control group 22) after long-term transport in a car; in contrast, the grass carp fed with the feed based on the formulation of example 2 and lacking the extracellular product extract fermented by the active strain and the aqueous extract of the compound plant had a physiological red body incidence of 20.5% after being transported by a fish cart for a long time (control group 23). Therefore, based on the formulation in example 2, the inactivated strain fermented extracellular product extract or compound plant water extract (control group 21 and control group 22) is absent in the formulation alone, although the prevention effect on physiological redness of grass carp after long-time transportation by a fish truck is still exhibited, the prevention effect is obviously lower than that of the feed group (group 2) containing the active strain fermented extracellular product extract and compound plant water extract; meanwhile, the prevention effect of the feed on the physiological red body of the grass carp transported by a fish cart for a long time is also obviously higher than that of a feed group (a control group 23) with the loss of the active strain fermentation extracellular product extract and the compound plant water extract. This shows that, therefore, the active strain fermentation extracellular product extract and the compound plant water extract play a synergistic effect in the feed on the physiological red body prevention effect of the grass carps during transportation.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and their concepts should be considered to be equivalent or modified within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A functional feed for preventing physiological red body of grass carp comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-6 parts of fish meal, 8-14 parts of chicken bone meal, 12-25 parts of expanded soybean meal, 13-27 parts of expanded rapeseed meal, 5-15 parts of dried distillers' grains and soluble substances thereof, 8-18 parts of wheat, 4-8 parts of unite bran, 1-2 parts of soybean oil, 1-3 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 0.1-0.2 part of choline chloride, 0.15-0.2 part of multi-vitamin premix, 0.15-0.2 part of multi-mineral premix, 4-8 parts of flour, 0.01-0.05 part of active strain fermentation extracellular product extract, 2-4 parts of compound plant water extract and 0.15-0.2 part of toxin adsorbent;
the active strain fermentation extracellular product extract is an extracellular product obtained by actinobacillus fermentation culture; the extracellular product is protein with the molecular weight of 40-160 KD;
the active strain fermentation extracellular product extract is prepared by a method comprising the following steps: fermenting and culturing actinobacillus until OD is 2.6-3.0, collecting supernatant, dialyzing, concentrating, drying, and collecting powder;
the compound plant water extract comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-65 parts of eucommia aqueous extract, 15-20 parts of dark plum aqueous extract, 15-25 parts of codonopsis aqueous extract, 5-10 parts of red paeony root aqueous extract, 1-5 parts of poria cocos aqueous extract and 2-5 parts of radix asparagi aqueous extract;
the preparation method of the eucommia aqueous extract, the dark plum aqueous extract, the codonopsis aqueous extract, the red peony aqueous extract, the poria cocos aqueous extract and the asparagus cochinchinensis aqueous extract comprises the following steps: adding Eucommiae cortex, mume fructus, radix Codonopsis, radix Paeoniae Rubra, Poria, and radix asparagi into 10-15 times of water by weight volume respectively, boiling, heating to evaporate water, and making 1-1.5g of plant contained in each 1ml of solution to obtain corresponding plant water extract.
2. The functional feed for preventing physiological red body of grass carp, according to claim 1, is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of fish meal, 12 parts of chicken bone meal, 19 parts of expanded soybean meal, 25 parts of expanded rapeseed meal, 8 parts of dried distillers' grains and soluble substances thereof, 8 parts of wheat, 8 parts of rice bran, 2 parts of soybean oil, 2 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 0.2 part of choline chloride, 0.2 part of multi-vitamin premix, 0.2 part of multi-mineral premix, 7.8 parts of flour, 0.05 part of active strain fermentation extracellular product extract, 2.35 parts of compound plant water extract and 0.2 part of toxin adsorbent.
3. The functional feed for preventing physiological red body of grass carp, according to claim 1, is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 6 parts of fish meal, 14 parts of chicken bone meal, 20 parts of expanded soybean meal, 20 parts of expanded rapeseed meal, 9 parts of dried distillers' grains and soluble substances thereof, 10 parts of wheat, 6 parts of rice bran, 2 parts of soybean oil, 2 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 0.2 part of choline chloride, 0.2 part of multi-vitamin premix, 0.2 part of multi-mineral premix, 7.8 parts of flour, 0.03 part of active strain fermentation extracellular product extract, 2.37 parts of compound plant water extract and 0.2 part of toxin adsorbent.
4. A method for preparing the functional feed for preventing the physiological redness of grass carp of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the components are crushed and mixed to prepare the functional feed.
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