CN110506837A - It is a kind of to prevent functional feed additive that grass carp irritability tail fin whitens and functional feed and application - Google Patents

It is a kind of to prevent functional feed additive that grass carp irritability tail fin whitens and functional feed and application Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110506837A
CN110506837A CN201910940994.8A CN201910940994A CN110506837A CN 110506837 A CN110506837 A CN 110506837A CN 201910940994 A CN201910940994 A CN 201910940994A CN 110506837 A CN110506837 A CN 110506837A
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China
Prior art keywords
parts
functional feed
core component
weight
grass carp
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
黄锦炉
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Feed Co Ltd Jiangmen Large Sea
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Feed Co Ltd Jiangmen Large Sea
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Priority to CN201910940994.8A priority Critical patent/CN110506837A/en
Publication of CN110506837A publication Critical patent/CN110506837A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K10/00Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/10Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
    • A23K10/12Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K10/00Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/20Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K10/00Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K10/00Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A23K10/37Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K10/00Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A23K10/37Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
    • A23K10/38Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material from distillers' or brewers' waste
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K20/00Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10Organic substances
    • A23K20/142Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
    • A23K20/147Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K20/00Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10Organic substances
    • A23K20/174Vitamins
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K20/00Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K20/00Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/22Compounds of alkali metals
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K20/00Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/24Compounds of alkaline earth metals, e.g. magnesium
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K40/00Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K40/10Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by agglomeration; by granulation, e.g. making powders
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K50/00Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/80Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
    • Y02A40/818Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/80Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
    • Y02P60/87Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production

Abstract

Prevent functional feed additive that grass carp irritability tail fin whitens and functional feed and application the present invention relates to a kind of, in parts by weight, additive includes 1-3 parts and 0.1-0.3 parts of core component synergist of core component, wherein, by weight, the core component includes: 15-35 parts of cacumen biotae fermentation material, 5-15 parts of Rhizoma Chuanxiong extract, 4-12 parts of Flos Caryophylli extract, 5-8 parts of pumpkin meat extract;By weight, the core component synergist includes: 5-15 parts of garlic extract, 0.5-2 parts of magnesium chloride solution, 1-3 parts of Klorvess Liquid.Functional feed additive and functional feed provided by the invention, pass through the synergistic function of core component and core component synergist, it can the effectively incidence whitened of preventing/treating/reduction tail fin and the apparent incidence for reducing the tail fin that transport stress causes and whitening, significant effect and no discovery side effect, effectively improve grass carp economic benefit of aquaculture.

Description

It is a kind of to prevent the functional feed additive and functional feed that grass carp irritability tail fin whitens And application
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of functional feed additive and functional feed and application more particularly to it is a kind of prevent grass carp stress The functional feed additive and functional feed and application that property tail fin whitens.
Background technique
Grass carp is one of four large Chinese carp of China, is the very important freshwater aquiculture kind in China, and aquaculture model mainly includes Tu Tang cultivation, net cage and reservoir cultivate three kinds.Annual Summer High-Temperature Times, hot water fish are that grass carp chooses the big specification in part and catches up with high fish valence One kind sell fish form, however draw in the net during fish or grass carp tail fin blushing problems become and influence grass carp appearance during entrucking is transported Restraining factors, affect client to a certain extent and sell fish benefit, have become grass carp hot water fish appearance promotion industry Pain spot.On Symptoms, hot water fish period, seine stress rear grass carp vigor decline, tail fin end by it is outer and in gradually There is blushing, during fish car or fish vehicle transport, the whiten ratio at position of tail fin accounts for 30%-50% tail fin area.Pathology In mechanism, local extravasated blood, tail fin blood supply occur for Multi-stress during grass carp seine or transport, grass carp tail fin end capillary There is Hypoxic necrosis in turn in tail fin tissue after deficiency.Follow-up and pathological analysis through years of practice, grass carp tail fin blushing problems Occur belong to stress caused by sexual factor, generally with fish liver health whether, scale whether the abnormal, cause of disease whether infect etc. because Being not significantly related to property of element.
In recent years, it is influenced by grass carp supply-demand relationship, the fluctuation for cultivating profit is larger, in base of the holding grass carp compared with high-survival rate On plinth, whitening for grass carp tail fin, this influences this key problem of grass carp selling price, explore solution seem it is very urgent and It is valuable.
Summary of the invention
Against the above deficiency, the present invention, which provides, a kind of prevents the functional feed additive and function that grass carp irritability tail fin whitens It can feed and application.
The present invention reaches above-mentioned purpose by following scheme:
In a first aspect, a kind of functional feed additive for preventing grass carp irritability tail fin and whitening is provided, according to parts by weight Meter, including 1-3 parts and 0.1-0.3 parts of core component synergist of core component, wherein by weight, the core component packet It includes: 15-35 parts of cacumen biotae fermentation material, 5-15 parts of Rhizoma Chuanxiong extract, 4-12 parts of Flos Caryophylli extract, 5-8 parts of pumpkin meat extract;It presses Parts by weight meter, the core component synergist include: 5-15 parts of garlic extract, 0.5-2 parts of magnesium chloride solution, Klorvess Liquid 1-3 parts.
Second aspect provides a kind of functional feed for preventing grass carp irritability tail fin and whitening, by weight, including it is following Component: 6-16 parts of chicken meal, 15-25 parts of fermented bean dregs, 15-25 parts of rapeseed dregs, 5-15 parts of DDGS, 5-8 parts of corn protein powder, 8-18 parts of wheat, system chaff 4-8 parts, 1-2 parts of soya-bean oil, 0.3-1.2 parts of multidimensional premix, 0.3-1.2 parts of more mine premixes, flour 14-18 parts, 1.1-3.3 parts of functional feed additive.
The third aspect provides a kind of preparation method for preventing the functional feed that grass carp irritability tail fin whitens, step packet It includes:
(1) core component and core component synergist are prepared;
(2) raw material components are mixed;
(3) it pelletizes, finished product feedstuff particle water content≤10% obtains functional feed.
Fourth aspect provides a kind of functional feed that above-mentioned preparation method is prepared.
5th aspect, provides the application for the functional feed that above-mentioned prevention grass carp irritability tail fin whitens, comprising: go out in hot water Functional feed of the present invention is daily fed by 1.5%-2.5% within grass carp time advance 10-20 days;Or when hot water goes out grass carp Between functional feed of the present invention and normal diet were fed in a manner of being satiated with food and feeding by 1:1-2 weight proportion in 10-20 days in advance.
Functional feed additive and functional feed provided by the invention, pass through the association of core component and core component synergist Same synergistic effect effectively the incidence whitened of preventing/treating/reduction tail fin and apparent can reduce what transport stress caused The incidence that tail fin whitens, significant effect and no discovery side effect, effectively improve grass carp economic benefit of aquaculture.
Specific embodiment
In a first aspect, a kind of functional feed additive for preventing grass carp irritability tail fin and whitening is provided, according to parts by weight Meter, including 1-3 parts and 0.1-0.3 parts of core component synergist of core component, wherein by weight, the core component packet It includes: 15-35 parts of cacumen biotae fermentation material, 5-15 parts of Rhizoma Chuanxiong extract, 4-12 parts of Flos Caryophylli extract, 5-8 parts of pumpkin meat extract;It presses Parts by weight meter, the core component synergist include: 5-15 parts of garlic extract, 0.5-2 parts of magnesium chloride solution, Klorvess Liquid 1-3 parts.
Preferably, a kind of functional feed additive for preventing grass carp irritability tail fin and whitening, in parts by weight, including core 2 parts and 0.2 part of core component synergist of heart ingredient.
Preferably, the cacumen biotae fermentation material is prepared by the method comprised the steps of: taking cacumen biotae in 35-45 DEG C It dries in environment, is mixed with calper calcium peroxide, water by 100:5-10:150-200, content is added by every 100 parts of cacumen biotae parts by weight It is 108cfu/g-10111-2 parts of cuf/g bacillus licheniformis powder is protected from light closed mixing 3-10 days, and cacumen biotae is fished in Kaifeng, in water Middle immersion 30-60min is repeated 2-5 times, is placed in 35-45 DEG C of environment and dries, and the micro mist for acquisition of being sieved is cacumen biotae fermentation Object.
It is further preferred that the cacumen biotae fermentation material is prepared by the method comprised the steps of: taking cacumen biotae 100 Part, it is placed in 35-45 DEG C of environment and is dried to water content≤4%, mix, press by 100:5-10:150-200 with calper calcium peroxide, water It is 10 that content, which is added, in every 100 parts of cacumen biotae parts by weight8cfu/g-10111-2 parts of cuf/g bacillus licheniformis powder, it is normal to be placed in room temperature Closed mixing 3-10 days is protected from light in pressure ring border, cacumen biotae is fished in Kaifeng, in middle immersion 30-60min, is repeated 2-5 times, is placed in 35- It is dried to water content≤10% in 45 DEG C of environment, prepares micro mist through 30-50 mesh, micro mist obtained is cacumen biotae fermentation material.
Preferably, the Rhizoma Chuanxiong extract is prepared by the method comprised the steps of: by weight, Rhizoma Chuanxiong: water: Gemma liquid culture medium volume ratio 1:10-12:3-4 by weight mixing, then 10 are added by every parts by weight Rhizoma Chuanxiong9-1011Cfu/g is withered Careless bacillus 0.5-2 parts, closed culture to OD value is that 5-7.2 obtains culture, culture is centrifuged, the supernatant and 5- of collection 20 parts of flour mixing, 35-45 DEG C of drying, sieving obtain crushed material, and crushed material obtained is Rhizoma Chuanxiong extract.
It is further preferred that the Rhizoma Chuanxiong extract is prepared by the method comprised the steps of: by weight, river Rhizome of chuanxiong: water: gemma liquid culture medium volume ratio 1:10-12:3-4 by weight mixing, then 10 are added by every parts by weight Rhizoma Chuanxiong9- 10110.5-2 parts of cfu/g bacillus subtilis, 30-37 DEG C of closed culture to OD value is that 5-7.2 obtains culture, by culture 3000-5000rpm is centrifuged 5-10 minutes, and the supernatant of collection is mixed with 5-20 parts of flour, and 35-45 DEG C is dried to water content≤8%, It crosses 80-100 mesh and obtains crushed material, crushed material obtained is Rhizoma Chuanxiong extract.
Preferably, the Flos Caryophylli extract is prepared by the method comprised the steps of: cloves sieving being taken to obtain cloves Coarse powder, by cloves coarse powder: water: gemma liquid culture medium volume ratio 1:10-12:3-4 by weight is mixed, then presses every parts by weight Rhizoma Chuanxiong It is added 109-10110.5-2 parts of cfu/g bacillus subtilis, closed culture to OD value is that 4.5-7.2 obtains culture, will be cultivated Object centrifugation, the supernatant of collection are mixed with 5-20 parts of flour, and 35-45 DEG C of drying, sieving obtains crushed material, and crushed material obtained is For Flos Caryophylli extract.
It is further preferred that the Flos Caryophylli extract is prepared by the method comprised the steps of: taking cloves, cross 30- 50 meshes obtain cloves coarse powder, by cloves coarse powder: water: gemma liquid culture medium volume ratio 1:(10-12 by weight): (3-4) is mixed It closes, then is added 10 by every parts by weight Rhizoma Chuanxiong9-10110.5-2 parts of cfu/g bacillus subtilis, 30-37 DEG C of closed culture to OD value Culture is obtained for 4.5-7.2, culture 3000-5000rpm is centrifuged 5-10 minutes, the supernatant of collection is mixed with 5-20 parts of flour It closes, 35-45 DEG C is dried to water content≤8%, crosses 80-100 mesh and obtains crushed material, crushed material obtained is cloves extraction Object.
Wherein, the pumpkin meat extract, is prepared by the method comprised the steps of: taking mature pumpkin, deseeding is gone Skin takes pumpkin pulp, and pumpkin pulp is obtained and dehydrate object pumpkin pulp stripping and slicing through quick-frozen, pre-puffed, vacuum de-oiling processing, dry Object sieving is pulverized, and the Ultramicro-powder of acquisition minces to be obtained filtered fluid, repeated with ethyl alcohol mixing 48-72h, filtering and removing slag Filter 3-5 times, flowing water dialysis 16-20h, the 1/4-1/2 of former volume is concentrated into through Macrogol 6000, collects residue in bag filter Matter obtains pumpkin meat extract.
Wherein, the pumpkin meat extract, is prepared by the method comprised the steps of: taking mature pumpkin, deseeding is gone Skin takes pumpkin pulp, obtains by pumpkin pulp stripping and slicing, such as by 3*3*3 approximate volume stripping and slicing through quick-frozen, pre-puffed, vacuum de-oiling processing It obtains pumpkin pulp and dehydrates object, dried object is crossed 100-120 mesh and pulverized, and the Ultramicro-powder of acquisition minces and ethyl alcohol exists 48-72h is sufficiently mixed in 20-35 DEG C of environment, such as 24-36 layers of filtered through gauze slagging-off of filtered through gauze obtains filtered fluid, repeated Filter 3-5 times, pack tap water flowing water dialysis 16-20h, the 1/4-1/2 of former volume is concentrated into through Macrogol 6000, is collected Surplus materials obtains pumpkin meat extract in bag filter.
Preferably, it is described it is quick-frozen be that stripping and slicing pumpkin pulp is placed in -20~-40 DEG C of quick-frozen 10~12h.
Preferably, the pre-puffed be will be quick-frozen after pumpkin pulp be placed in 90~95KPa of vacuum degree, 70~80 DEG C of temperature Under the conditions of 3~6min of frying-expansion.
Preferably, the vacuum de-oiling is taken off under conditions of fried pumpkin pulp to be placed in 150~250r/min of revolving speed 6~15min of oil.
Preferably, the garlic extract is prepared by the method comprised the steps of: taking garlic, garlic is collected in squeezing Juice is mixed with 20%-35% alcohol volume ratio 100:20-30 by weight, stands 12-36h, collects sediment, by sediment and Water 1:3-5 is mixed, and flowing water dialysis 16-20h is concentrated into the 1/4-1/2 of former volume through Macrogol 6000, collects in bag filter and remain Excess matter is garlic extract.
It is further preferred that the garlic extract is prepared by the method comprised the steps of: taking garlic, physics pressure It squeezes and collects garlic juice, be sufficiently mixed with 20%-35% alcohol volume ratio 100:20-30 by weight, be packed into the container of vierics matter Middle standing 12-36h, collection vessel bottom sediment are mixed by sediment and water 1:3-5, pack tap water flowing water dialysis 16- 20h is concentrated into the 1/4-1/2 of former volume through Macrogol 6000, and collecting surplus materials in bag filter is garlic extraction Liquid.
Preferably, the magnesium chloride solution is the magnesium chloride solution that molar concentration range is 3-6Mol/L.
Preferably, the Klorvess Liquid is the Klorvess Liquid that molar concentration range is 3-6Mol/L.
Core component of the present invention is the core component preventing grass carp irritability tail fin and whitening, and of the present invention Core component synergist is only the core synergist for preventing the core component that grass carp irritability tail fin whitens, core component and core Ingredient synergist individually or completely lacks, and can lose the using effect that prevention grass carp irritability tail fin whitens.Core component and core Heart ingredient synergist needs are used in compounding, the using effect that competence exertion prevention grass carp irritability tail fin whitens.
Second aspect provides a kind of functional feed for preventing grass carp irritability tail fin and whitening, by weight, including it is following Component: 6-16 parts of chicken meal, 15-25 parts of fermented bean dregs, 15-25 parts of rapeseed dregs, 5-15 parts of DDGS, 5-8 parts of corn protein powder, 8-18 parts of wheat, system chaff 4-8 parts, 1-2 parts of soya-bean oil, 0.3-1.2 parts of multidimensional premix, 0.3-1.2 parts of more mine premixes, flour 14-18 parts, 1.1-3.3 parts of functional feed additive.
Preferably, the functional feed that the prevention grass carp irritability tail fin whitens, by weight, by following parts by weight Group is grouped as: 12 parts of chicken meal, 20 parts of fermented bean dregs, 20 parts of rapeseed dregs, 8 parts of DDGS, 5 parts of corn protein powder, 10 parts of wheat, System 5 parts of chaff, 2 parts of soya-bean oil, 0.4 part of multidimensional premix, 0.4 part of more mine premixes, 15 parts of flour, 2.2 parts of functional feed additive.
It is further preferred that the functional feed that the prevention grass carp irritability tail fin whitens, by weight, by following heavy The group of amount part is grouped as: 12 parts of chicken meal, 20 parts of fermented bean dregs, 20 parts of rapeseed dregs, 8 parts of DDGS, 5 parts of corn protein powder, wheat 10 parts, system 5 parts of chaff, 2 parts of soya-bean oil, 0.4 part of multidimensional premix, 0.4 part of more mine premixes, 15 parts of flour, functional feed additive 2.2 parts, wherein functional feed additive includes 2 parts and 0.2 part of core component synergist of core component.
Wherein, the functional feed additive is the above-mentioned functional feed additive provided of the present invention.
Wherein, the common commercially available general vitamin premix of the multidimensional premix.
Wherein, more mine premixes are common commercially available general mineral substance premix.
The third aspect provides a kind of preparation method for preventing the functional feed that grass carp irritability tail fin whitens, step packet It includes:
(1) core component and core component synergist are prepared;
(2) raw material components are mixed;
(3) it pelletizes, finished product feedstuff particle water content≤10% obtains functional feed.
Wherein, core component is prepared, comprising: cacumen biotae fermentation material, Rhizoma Chuanxiong extract, Flos Caryophylli extract are mixed, 80- is crossed 100 meshes obtain crushed material.
Wherein, core component synergist is prepared, comprising: garlic extract, magnesium chloride solution, Klorvess Liquid are mixed, Mixture obtained is core component synergist.
Functional feed provided by the invention, wherein the feedstuff component (including multidimensional premix, more mines premix Material) it is basal nutrient carrier components, only whiten grass carp irritability tail fin without any preventive effect containing these material compositions, Need to be added functional additive, the effect that competence exertion prevention grass carp irritability tail fin whitens.
Fourth aspect provides a kind of functional feed that above-mentioned preparation method is prepared.
5th aspect, provides the application for the functional feed that above-mentioned prevention grass carp irritability tail fin whitens, comprising: go out in hot water Functional feed of the present invention is daily fed by 1.5%-2.5% within grass carp time advance 10-20 days;Or when hot water goes out grass carp Between functional feed of the present invention and normal diet were fed in a manner of being satiated with food and feeding by 1:1-2 weight proportion in 10-20 days in advance.
Inventor experiments prove that, a kind of functional feed for preventing grass carp irritability tail fin and whitening of the present invention, It is used alone or uses according to the ratio with normal diet, and the irritability tail fin for going out the grass carp stage to hot water whitens with good Preventive effect, can significantly reduce grass carp seine during or transport during grass carp tail fin blushing problems incidence.
Wherein, the normal diet is commercially available grass carp regular convention formula feed.
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, invention is further explained.Unless stated otherwise, the examination that the present invention uses Agent, device and method are reagent, equipment and the conventional use of method of the art regular market purchase.
In embodiments of the present invention, the multidimensional premix is common commercially available general vitamin premix, such as sea Because of special omnivorefish vitamin premix.
In embodiments of the present invention, more mine premixes are common commercially available general mineral substance premix, such as sea Because of special omnivorefish mineral substance premix.
In an embodiment of the present invention, magnesium chloride solution is prepared by the method comprised the steps of: by weight, Take the magnesium chloride for analyzing pure grade in right amount, mix and be completely dissolved with sterile distilled water, when molar concentration range be 3-6Mol/L to obtain the final product To magnesium chloride solution.
In an embodiment of the present invention, Klorvess Liquid is prepared by the method comprised the steps of: by weight, Take the potassium chloride for analyzing pure grade in right amount, mix and be completely dissolved with sterile distilled water, when molar concentration range be 3-6Mol/L to obtain the final product To Klorvess Liquid.
Embodiment 1
By weight, 12 parts of chicken meal, 20 parts of fermented bean dregs, 20 parts of rapeseed dregs, 8 parts of DDGS, 5 parts of corn protein powder, 10 parts of wheat, system 5 parts of chaff, 2 parts of soya-bean oil, 0.4 part of multidimensional premix, 0.4 part of more mine premixes, 15 parts of flour, core component 2 Part, 0.2 part of core component synergist.
By weight, core component forms are as follows: 30 parts of cacumen biotae fermentation material, 15 parts of Rhizoma Chuanxiong extract, Flos Caryophylli extract 10 parts, 5 parts of pumpkin meat extract.
By weight, core component synergist forms are as follows: 8 parts of garlic extract, 1 part of magnesium chloride solution, potassium chloride are molten 1 part of liquid.
Wherein, core component the preparation method comprises the following steps:
Cacumen biotae fermentation material preparation method: taking 100 parts of cacumen biotae, be placed in 35-45 DEG C of environment be dried to water content≤ 4%, it is mixed with calper calcium peroxide, water by 100:5-10:150-200, content, which is added, by every 100 parts of cacumen biotae parts by weight is 108cfu/g-10111-2 parts of cuf/g bacillus licheniformis powder is placed in normal temperature and pressure environment and is protected from light closed mixing 3-10 days, opens Envelope fishes for cacumen biotae, in middle immersion 30-60min, repeats 2-5 times, is placed in 35-45 DEG C of environment and is dried to water content≤10%, Micro mist is prepared through 30-50 mesh, micro mist obtained is cacumen biotae fermentation material.
Rhizoma Chuanxiong extract preparation method: by weight, Rhizoma Chuanxiong: water: gemma liquid culture medium volume ratio 1:10- by weight 12:3-4 mixing, then 10 are added by every parts by weight Rhizoma Chuanxiong9-10110.5-2 parts of cfu/g bacillus subtilis, 30-37 DEG C of closed training Supporting to OD value is that 5-7.2 obtains culture, culture 3000-5000rpm is centrifuged 5-10 minute, the supernatant of collection and 5-20 parts Flour mixing, 35-45 DEG C is dried to water content≤8%, crosses 80-100 mesh and obtains crushed material, crushed material obtained is river Rhizome of chuanxiong extract.
Flos Caryophylli extract preparation method: taking cloves, crosses 30-50 mesh and obtains cloves coarse powder, by cloves coarse powder: water: gemma Liquid culture medium volume ratio 1:(10-12 by weight): (3-4) mixing, then 10 are added by every parts by weight Rhizoma Chuanxiong9-1011Cfu/g is withered Careless bacillus 0.5-2 parts, 30-37 DEG C of closed culture to OD value is that 4.5-7.2 obtains culture, by culture 3000- 5000rpm is centrifuged 5-10 minutes, and the supernatant of collection is mixed with 5-20 parts of flour, and 35-45 DEG C is dried to water content≤8%, crosses 80- 100 meshes obtain crushed material, and crushed material obtained is Flos Caryophylli extract.
Pumpkin pulp method for preparing extractive: taking mature pumpkin, and deseeding peeling takes pumpkin pulp, by 3*3*3 approximate volume stripping and slicing, Stripping and slicing pumpkin pulp is placed in -20~-40 DEG C of quick-frozen 10~12h, will be quick-frozen after pumpkin pulp be placed in 90~95KPa of vacuum degree, temperature Fried pumpkin pulp, is placed in the condition of 150~250r/min of revolving speed by 3~6min of frying-expansion under conditions of 70~80 DEG C of degree 6~15min of lower de-oiling obtains pumpkin pulp and dehydrates object, and dried object is crossed 100-120 mesh and pulverized, and acquisition surpasses Micro mist minces and ethyl alcohol is sufficiently mixed 48-72h in 20-35 DEG C of environment, and such as 24-36 layers of filtered through gauze slagging-off of filtered through gauze obtains Filtered fluid is obtained, is repeated filter 23-5 times, pack tap water flowing water dialysis 16-20h is concentrated into former volume through Macrogol 6000 , collect surplus materials in bag filter and obtain pumpkin meat extract.
Garlic extract preparation method: garlic is taken, physical squeezing collects garlic juice, with 20%-35% alcohol body by weight Product is sufficiently mixed than 100:20-30, is fitted into the container of vierics matter and is stood 12-36h, collection vessel bottom sediment, by heavy Starch is mixed with water 1:3-5, and pack tap water flowing water dialysis 16-20h is concentrated into the 1/4-1/ of former volume through Macrogol 6000 2, collecting surplus materials in bag filter is garlic extract.
Magnesium chloride solution is the magnesium chloride solution that molar concentration range is 5Mol/L.
Klorvess Liquid is the Klorvess Liquid that molar concentration range is 5Mol/L.
Above-mentioned functional feed preparation: firstly, by conventional feed raw material premix of the present invention conjunction, multidimensional premix, more Mine premix and prevention grass carp irritability tail fin whiten core component premixing, will prevention grass carp irritability tail fin whiten core at Divide and is pre-mixed with needed for feed preparation with water.Secondly, by above-mentioned premixing raw material, routinely feed of grass carp preparation flow is completed Granulation, finished product feedstuff particle water content≤10%, finished product feedstuff particle obtained are the prevention grass carp irritability tail The functional feed that fin whitens.
Embodiment 2
By weight, 12 parts of chicken meal, 20 parts of fermented bean dregs, 20 parts of rapeseed dregs, 8 parts of DDGS, 5 parts of corn protein powder, 10 parts of wheat, system 4 parts of chaff, 2 parts of soya-bean oil, 0.4 part of multidimensional premix, 0.4 part of more mine premixes, 15 parts of flour, core component 3 Part, 0.2 part of core component synergist.
By weight, core component forms are as follows: 35 parts of cacumen biotae fermentation material, 11 parts of Rhizoma Chuanxiong extract, Flos Caryophylli extract 8 Part, 6 parts of pumpkin meat extract.
By weight, core component synergist forms are as follows: 8.5 parts of garlic extract, 0.5 part of magnesium chloride solution, chlorination 1.5 parts of potassium solution.
Wherein, the preparation method reference implementation example 1 of core component and core synergist.
Firstly, by conventional feed raw material premix of the present invention conjunction, multidimensional premix, more mine premixes and prevention grass carp Irritability tail fin whiten core component premixing, will prevention grass carp irritability tail fin whiten core component and feed preparation needed for use Water premixing.Secondly, by above-mentioned premixing raw material, routinely feed of grass carp preparation flow completes granulation, and finished product feedstuff particle contains Water≤10%, finished product feedstuff particle obtained are the functional feed that the prevention grass carp irritability tail fin whitens.
Experimental example 1
In a certain cultivation base in Hubei Ezhou, carry out recruitment evaluation experiment in 30 days by a definite date.Test grass carp specification 1000 ± 100 grams/fish, 3 ponds are selected altogether, are respectively labeled as the pool A, the pool B, the pool C, and pond area is 3 mu, and per mu initially to put grass carp in a suitable place to breed close Degree is 2200 tails.It tests the 1-10 days, tri- pools A, B, C, which are fed, prepares the identical full price of forage protein content with embodiment 1 Commercial feed is tested the 11-30 days, and the pool A continuously feeds the functional feed of the preparation of embodiment 1, and the pool B continuously feeds the system of embodiment 2 Standby functional feed, the pool C whole process, which is fed, prepares the identical full price commercial feed of forage protein content with embodiment 1, and C group is set as pair According to group.During test, each group feeding rate is held between 1.8%-2.0%.
It tests and stops within the 31st day feeding intake, at the 32nd day, seine harvesting fills fishing vehicle, fishing vehicle oxygen-supplying amount and fishing vehicle entrucking fish gross weight The ratio of amount is identical, and the route and distance of fishing vehicle transport agricultural trade wholesale market are also identical, by the grass of each fishing vehicle after arriving at the destination Fish unloads, during unloading from each fishing vehicle 500 tail grass carp of random picking, then detail statistics transport during there is tail fin The mantissa whitened, then compare each group and tail fin occur and whiten the difference of quantity.
Upper table the result shows that, the hot water fish stage shift to an earlier date 20 days by suggest using the embodiment of the present invention 1, embodiment 2 prepare Functional feed, the grass carp incidence that tail fin whitens to after unloading during transportation is respectively 1.4% and 2.4%, and control group Grass carp under the same conditions tail fin whiten incidence then be up to 16%.It can be seen that prevention grass carp of the present invention stress Property the functional feed that whitens of tail fin, used by recommended dose and the course for the treatment of, can significantly reduce the tail fin hair of transport stress initiation White incidence.
Experimental example 2
In a certain cultivation base in Hubei Ezhou, using functional feed prepared by Example 1 and Example 2 of the present invention, by every 10 days as one therapeutic course continuously feeds two courses for the treatment of in every 30 days, has carried out recruitment evaluation test in 60 days by a definite date.Test grass carp specification 800 ± 30 grams/fish, 3 ponds are selected altogether, are respectively labeled as the pool A, the pool B, the pool C, and pond area is 3 mu, per mu initially to put grass in a suitable place to breed Fish density is 2200 tails.The 1-10 days, 21-30 days, 41-50 days are tested, two pools A, B continuously feed the preparation of embodiment 1 Functional feed prepared by functional feed and embodiment 2, tests the 11-19 days, 31-40 days, 51-60 days, and two pools A, B are then whole It feeds and prepares the identical full price commercial feed of forage protein content with embodiment 1, then whole process is fed and the preparation of embodiment 1 is raised on the pool C Expect the identical full price commercial feed of protein content, C group is set as control group.During test, each group feeding rate is held in 1.8%- Between 2.0%.
It tests the 61st day, respectively about 500 jin of grass carp of seine three ponds of harvesting, each point of 12 cat nets of every batch of harvesting grass carp drench Water is weighed, and operation of each being weighed lasts 1.0-1.5 minutes, is subsequently placed into the temporary of the 50-65cm depth of water and is supported net, observes and count by tail There is the quantity that tail fin whitens in grass carp.
Grass carp is in the state of anoxic or severe depletion of oxygen in hauling Li Shui whole process of being weighed, and any operation can be to grass Fish cause it is different degrees of stress, so as to cause the generation that tail fin whitens, the generation that tail fin festers can be thus caused when serious.From Upper table statistical result uses the functional feed of the embodiment of the present invention 1, embodiment preparation, grass carp tail it is found that compared to the pool C control group Fin whitens incidence respectively compared with reduction by 86.9% and 83.8%.As it can be seen that the embodiment of the present invention can effectively reduce deposit pool grass carp because Cat net Li Shui irritability tail fin of being weighed whitens the incidence of secondary rotten tail.
Experimental example 3
In a certain cultivation base in Hubei Ezhou, carry out recruitment evaluation experiment in 30 days by a definite date.Test grass carp specification 1000 ± 100 grams/fish, 6 ponds are selected altogether, are respectively labeled as the pool A, the pool B, the pool the C pool D, the pool E, the pool F, and pond area is 3 mu, per mu first It is 2200 tails that beginning, which puts grass carp density in a suitable place to breed,.It tests the 1-10 days, five pools A, B, C, D, E, which are fed, prepares feed egg with embodiment 1 The identical full price commercial feed of Bai Hanliang is tested the 11-30 days, and the pool A continuously feeds the functional feed of the preparation of embodiment 1, and the pool B connects The continuous functional feed for feeding the preparation of embodiment 2, the pool C continuously feeds while lacking the implementation of core component and core component synergist Functional feed prepared by example 1, the pool D continuously feed functional feed prepared by the embodiment 1 of missing core component, and the pool the E pool is continuously thrown Functional feed prepared by the embodiment 1 of missing core component synergist is fed, the pool F whole process, which is fed, prepares forage protein with embodiment 1 The identical full price commercial feed of content, F group are control group.
During test, each group feeding rate is held between 1.8%-2%.
It tests and stops within the 31st day feeding intake, at the 32nd day, seine harvesting fills fishing vehicle, fishing vehicle oxygen-supplying amount and fishing vehicle entrucking fish gross weight The ratio of amount is identical, and the route and distance of fishing vehicle transport agricultural trade wholesale market are also identical, by the grass of each fishing vehicle after arriving at the destination Fish unloads, during unloading from each fishing vehicle 500 tail grass carp of random picking, then detail statistics transport during there is tail fin The mantissa whitened, then compare each group and tail fin occur and whiten the difference of quantity.As a result as shown in the table.
Upper table the result shows that, when core component in the embodiment of the present invention 1 and core component synergist individually or simultaneously lack When, can the prevention effect that whitens to grass carp irritability tail fin of the different degrees of reduction embodiment of the present invention, wherein with embodiment 1 Two ingredients of middle core component and core component synergist lack the prevention effect to whiten to present invention prevention grass carp tail fin simultaneously Maximum is influenced, and the predictive role influence that core component ingredient missing whitens on present invention prevention grass carp tail fin is taken second place.Thus may be used To see, the core component and core component synergist are the core action ingredients of the invention for preventing grass carp irritability tail fin and whitening, Two kinds of ingredients have synergistic function to expectation function of the invention.
The above, preferable specific embodiment only of the invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, Anyone skilled in the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technique and scheme of the present invention and its Design is subject to equivalent substitution or change, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of functional feed additive for preventing grass carp irritability tail fin and whitening, which is characterized in that in parts by weight, including 1-3 parts and 0.1-0.3 parts of core component synergist of core component, wherein by weight, the core component includes: arbor-vitae 15-35 parts of leaf fermentation material, 5-15 parts of Rhizoma Chuanxiong extract, 4-12 parts of Flos Caryophylli extract, 5-8 parts of pumpkin meat extract;By weight Meter, the core component synergist includes: 5-15 parts of garlic extract, 0.5-2 parts of magnesium chloride solution, 1-3 parts of Klorvess Liquid.
2. a kind of functional feed additive for preventing grass carp irritability tail fin and whitening according to claim 1, feature exist In, in parts by weight, including 2 parts and 0.2 part of core component synergist of core component.
3. a kind of functional feed additive for preventing grass carp irritability tail fin and whitening according to claim 1 or 2, feature It is, the cacumen biotae fermentation material is prepared by the method comprised the steps of: cacumen biotae being taken to dry in 35-45 DEG C of environment It is dry, it is mixed with calper calcium peroxide, water by 100:5-10:150-200, it is 10 that content, which is added, by every 100 parts of cacumen biotae parts by weight8cfu/ g-10111-2 parts of cuf/g bacillus licheniformis powder, is protected from light closed mixing 3-10 days, and Kaifeng fishes for cacumen biotae, impregnates 30- in water 60min is repeated 2-5 times, is placed in 35-45 DEG C of environment and dries, the micro mist for acquisition of being sieved is cacumen biotae fermentation material;Or,
The Rhizoma Chuanxiong extract is prepared by the method comprised the steps of: by weight, Rhizoma Chuanxiong: water: gemma liquid training Feeding base volume ratio 1:10-12:3-4 by weight mixing, then 10 are added by every parts by weight Rhizoma Chuanxiong9-1011Cfu/g bacillus subtilis 0.5-2 parts, closed culture to OD value is that 5-7.2 obtains culture, culture is centrifuged, the supernatant of collection is mixed with 5-20 parts of flour It closes, 35-45 DEG C of drying, sieving obtains crushed material, and crushed material obtained is Rhizoma Chuanxiong extract;Or,
The Flos Caryophylli extract is prepared by the method comprised the steps of: taking cloves sieving to obtain cloves coarse powder, by cloves Coarse powder: water: gemma liquid culture medium volume ratio 1:10-12:3-4 by weight mixing, then 10 are added by every parts by weight Rhizoma Chuanxiong9- 10110.5-2 parts of cfu/g bacillus subtilis, closed culture to OD value is that 4.5-7.2 obtains culture, and culture is centrifuged, is received The supernatant of collection is mixed with 5-20 parts of flour, and 35-45 DEG C of drying, sieving obtains crushed material, and crushed material obtained is that cloves mentions Take object;Or,
The pumpkin meat extract, is prepared by the method comprised the steps of: taking mature pumpkin, deseeding peeling takes pumpkin Pumpkin pulp stripping and slicing through quick-frozen, pre-puffed, vacuum de-oiling processing, is obtained pumpkin pulp and dehydrates object by meat, dried object be sieved into Row pulverizes, and the Ultramicro-powder of acquisition, which minces, obtains filtered fluid with ethyl alcohol mixing 48-72h, filtering and removing slag, repeats filter 23-5 times, Flowing water dialysis 16-20h, the 1/4-1/2 of former volume is concentrated into through Macrogol 6000, is collected surplus materials in bag filter and is obtained south Melon meat extract.
4. a kind of functional feed additive for preventing grass carp irritability tail fin and whitening according to claim 1 or 2, feature It is, the garlic extract is prepared by the method comprised the steps of: takes garlic, garlic juice is collected in squeezing, with 20%- 35% alcohol volume ratio 100:20-30 by weight mixing, stands 12-36h, collects sediment, mixed by sediment and water 1:3-5 , flowing water dialysis 16-20h, the 1/4-1/2 of former volume is concentrated into through Macrogol 6000, is collected surplus materials in bag filter and is For garlic extract.
5. a kind of functional feed for preventing grass carp irritability tail fin and whitening, which is characterized in that by weight, including with the following group Point: it is 6-16 parts of chicken meal, 15-25 parts of fermented bean dregs, 15-25 parts of rapeseed dregs, 5-15 parts of DDGS, 5-8 parts of corn protein powder, small 8-18 parts of wheat, system chaff 4-8 parts, 1-2 parts of soya-bean oil, 0.3-1.2 parts of multidimensional premix, 0.3-1.2 parts of more mine premixes, flour 14- 18 parts, 1.1-3.3 parts of functional feed additive, the functional feed additive are any function in claim 1-4 Feed addictive.
6. a kind of functional feed for preventing grass carp irritability tail fin and whitening according to claim 5, which is characterized in that by weight Part meter is measured, is grouped as by the group of following parts by weight: 12 parts of chicken meal, 20 parts of fermented bean dregs, 20 parts of rapeseed dregs, DDGS8 parts, corn 5 parts of albumen powder, 10 parts of wheat, system 5 parts of chaff, 2 parts of soya-bean oil, 0.4 part of multidimensional premix, 0.4 part of more mine premixes, 15 parts of flour, 2.2 parts of functional feed additive.
7. a kind of functional feed for preventing grass carp irritability tail fin and whitening according to claim 5, which is characterized in that by weight Part meter is measured, is grouped as by the group of following parts by weight: 12 parts of chicken meal, 20 parts of fermented bean dregs, 20 parts of rapeseed dregs, DDGS8 parts, corn 5 parts of albumen powder, 10 parts of wheat, system 5 parts of chaff, 2 parts of soya-bean oil, 0.4 part of multidimensional premix, 0.4 part of more mine premixes, 15 parts of flour, 2.2 parts of functional feed additive, wherein functional feed additive includes 2 parts and 0.2 part of core component synergist of core component.
8. a kind of method for preparing the functional feed that any grass carp irritability tail fin whitens in claim 5 to 7, special Sign is that step includes:
(1) core component and core component synergist are prepared;
(2) raw material components are mixed;
(3) it pelletizes, finished product feedstuff particle water content≤10% obtains functional feed.
9. preparation method according to claim 8, which is characterized in that preparation core component, comprising: cacumen biotae is fermented Object, Rhizoma Chuanxiong extract, Flos Caryophylli extract mixing, cross 80-100 mesh and obtain crushed material;Or,
Prepare core component synergist, comprising: garlic extract, magnesium chloride solution, Klorvess Liquid are mixed, it is obtained mixed Conjunction object is core component synergist.
10. the application for the functional feed that prevention grass carp irritability tail fin whitens characterized by comprising when hot water goes out grass carp Between daily fed by 1.5%-2.5% within 10-20 days in advance it is any in claim 5 to 7 described in functional feed;Or in hot water Functional feed and normal diet described in out grass carp time advance 10-20 days will be any in claim 5 to 7 is with the side of feeding that is satiated with food Formula is fed by 1:1-2 weight proportion.
CN201910940994.8A 2019-09-30 2019-09-30 It is a kind of to prevent functional feed additive that grass carp irritability tail fin whitens and functional feed and application Pending CN110506837A (en)

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