CN106912274A - A kind of cultural method of selenium-enriched sweet potato - Google Patents
A kind of cultural method of selenium-enriched sweet potato Download PDFInfo
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- CN106912274A CN106912274A CN201710035163.7A CN201710035163A CN106912274A CN 106912274 A CN106912274 A CN 106912274A CN 201710035163 A CN201710035163 A CN 201710035163A CN 106912274 A CN106912274 A CN 106912274A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C5/00—Fertilisers containing other nitrates
- C05C5/02—Fertilisers containing other nitrates containing sodium or potassium nitrate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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Abstract
The invention belongs to agricultural plantation technology field, a kind of cultural method of selenium-enriched sweet potato is specifically disclosed.Specifically include following steps：(1) site preparation；(2) breeding；(3) it is colonized seedling；(4) field management；(5) step such as harvesting.Cultural method of the present invention is simple, easily implementation, the selenium element content of the Ipomoea batatas for obtaining reaches 22 μ g/kg or so, and yield is high, compared to 4 times, output increased more than 15% of selenium element content for common applying fertilizer, and the number of times of the plantation Ipomoea batatas generation disease for using is few.
Description
【Technical field】
The present invention relates to agricultural plantation technology field, and in particular to a kind of cultural method of selenium-enriched sweet potato.
【Background technology】
Selenium is indispensable trace element in human body, with anticancer, antioxidation, can antagonism harmful heavy metal, energy
Enough regulation vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E, the absorption of vitamin K and utilizations, the effect of the synthesis of energy regulatory protein matter, by
In the organ in human body in the absence of long-term storage selenium, the selenium needed for body should constantly obtain the selenium of q.s, selenium from diet
The balance of concentration has important protective effect and facilitation to the physiological function of many organs, tissue.
Threaten more than 40 kinds of disease of human health and life all relevant with human body selenium deficiency, such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, liver
The symptoms such as dirty disease, diabetes, genital system diseases are razed in disease, cataract, 1, and selenium deficiency is just easily lead under human immunological competence
Drop, is susceptible to suffer from the dirty cancer of liver cancer, lung cancer, stomach cancer, the cancer of the esophagus, kidney, prostate cancer, wing, cervical carcinoma, leukaemia etc.:Easy initiation lead,
The heavy metal poisoning symptom such as moan, spread, the diseases such as myopia, cataract, retinopathy, fundus oculi disease, age-related macular degeneration can be triggered:
Protein energy shortage property can be triggered malnutritive, chromosome damage etc.:Bone can be made to omit amyotrophia and in canescence stripe, occurred
Myocardial damage, cardiac muscle cell's compactness change, lipid increases, and calcium deposition causes disease to occur.The World Health Organization is careful
Know the harm of selenium deficiency, so various selenium-supply health products are largely produced, but, for the modern for increasingly pursuing health, people
Be highly desirable to by tonic come instead of building up one's health by taking tonic.
Ipomoea batatas also known as sweet potato, sweet potato, category Convolvulaceae sweet potato genus are annual or perennial sprawling herbs plant, are a kind of nonirrigated farmlands
Crop.In past grain supply and demand stressful times, many places are " Ipomoea batatas season, grain half a year ", and it is to resolve adequate food and clothing to have played very big
Effect.The development of progress and the market agricultural now with science and technology, has new leap again to the understanding of Ipomoea batatas.Development Ipomoea batatas life
Product is both adjustment crop mix, is also to improve eating patterns, the need for advancing in living standard the need for improving productivity effect.
Ipomoea batatas contains various nutriments needed by human such as protein, phosphorus, calcium, iron, carrotene, vitamin.Every 500 grams of Ipomoea batatas are about
Can heat production can 635 kilocalories, containing 11.5 grams of protein, sugar 14.5 grams, fat 1 gram, 100 milligrams of phosphorus, 90 milligrams of calcium, 2 grams of iron, Hu Luo
0.5 milligram of Bu Su, it is another to contain dimension raw B1, B2, C and niacin, linoleic acid etc..Wherein vitamin B1, the content of B2 compare rice respectively
6 times high and 3 times.Particularly Ipomoea batatas contains abundant lysine, and rice, flour exactly lack lysine.Also, Ipomoea batatas also has
There is the effects such as anticancer, cardioprotection, prevention pulmonary emphysema, diabetes, fat-reducing.Therefore, in recent years, Ipomoea batatas is in international, domestic city
Field is extremely sold well, and market development prospect is extremely wide.Therefore, a kind of selenium-enriched sweet potato energy one of plantation takes two and obtains, and meets market and also can
Make one to carry out Selenium Supplement element after eating.
【The content of the invention】
Goal of the invention of the invention is：For above-mentioned problem, there is provided a kind of cultural method of selenium-enriched sweet potato.This
The selenium element content of the Ipomoea batatas that invention cultural method is obtained reaches 22 μ g/kg or so, and yield is high, compared to common applying fertilizer
For selenium element content 4 times, output increased more than 15%, and use plantation Ipomoea batatas occur disease number of times it is few.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：
A kind of cultural method of selenium-enriched sweet potato, specifically includes following steps：
(1) site preparation：Determination of Selenium is carried out to soil, is then deep ploughed once, then add base manure and selenium-enriched fertilizer, Ran Houzai
A plurality of 20-30cm alleys high once, after base manure and antibacterial selenium-enriched sweet potato fertilizer are mixed with soil, are ploughed out in soil by deep ploughing,
Dug out on alley, the base manure of applying and the amount of antibacterial selenium-enriched sweet potato fertilizer are respectively 80-100kg/ mus, 20-30kg/ mus；
Wherein, base manure is that N-P-K content ratio is 15:15:15 composite fertilizer；
Wherein, antibacterial selenium-enriched sweet potato fertilizer is made including following raw material：Discarded edible mushroom culture matrix 20-30
Part, carbonization power 8-15 parts, frerrous chloride 2-5 parts, potassium nitrate 2-6 parts, streptomycete 3-5 parts, 3-8 parts of sulfurous acid selenium, urea 2-6
Part, shrimp shell 15-22 part, molasses 3-5 parts, crab shell 10-15 parts, oyster shell 10-18 parts, activate 8-15 parts of selenium mineral powder, selenium-rich swelling
It is native 5-15 parts, Se-enriched yeast 3-8 parts；
(2) breeding：To be of moderate size, unnotched Ipomoea batatas kind is put into the salt solution that mass concentration is 10-15% and soaks 10-
15h, the temperature of immersion is 22-25 DEG C, then carries out greenhouse breeding；
(3) it is colonized seedling：The seedling that breeding is obtained into seedling is long to 10-15cm, starts to win seedling transplanting to step (1)
40-50cm is spaced on alley, on alley be colonized one plant of seedling；
(4) field management：Field planting starts to impose antibacterial selenium-enriched sweet potato fertilizer after 4-6 months, every mu of 150-250kg, and
Sprayed once at interval of 20 days；
(5) harvest：Start to harvest Ipomoea batatas behind five month after field planting, do not apply fertilizer within 20 days before harvesting.
In the present invention, further instruction, the carbonization power is in parts by weight：By leaf of elm tree 8-12 parts, linden
Leaf 10-18 parts, mulberry leaves 6-15 parts is calcined 30-45min in calcining furnace under the conditions of 700-800 DEG C.
In the present invention, further instruction, the activation selenium mineral powder is prepared from by following methods：By selenium content
The selenium mineral powder of more than 160mg/kg is broken, ball milling, crosses 100 mesh sieves；100kg selenium mineral powders are taken, 10% sodium-chloride water solution is used, in room temperature
Under, shake 48h using oscillator.
In the present invention, further instruction, the antibacterial selenium-enriched sweet potato fertilizer is made including following raw material：It is useless
Abandon edible fungus culture medium 20-30 parts, carbonization power 8-15 parts, frerrous chloride 2-5 parts, potassium nitrate 2-6 parts, streptomycete 3-5 parts, Asia
Selenium Sulphate 3-8 parts, urea 2-6 parts, shrimp shell 15-22 parts, molasses 3-5 parts, crab shell 10-15 parts, oyster shell 10-18 parts, activation selenium
Miberal powder 8-15 parts, 5-15 parts, Se-enriched yeast 3-8 parts of selenium-rich bentonite.
In the present invention, further instruction, the antibacterial selenium-enriched sweet potato fertilizer is prepared by following methods：
(1) in parts by weight, each raw material is weighed；
(2) molasses, shrimp shell, crab shell, oyster shell, Se-enriched yeast are mixed after being put into fermentation vat, adds suitable quantity of water to be sent out
After ferment 18-25 days, mixed fermentation material is obtained, it is 10-15% that then mixed fermentation material is drained to water content, is then stirred
It is broken, obtain the broken material that ferments；
(3) discarded edible mushroom culture matrix, carbonization power, frerrous chloride, potassium nitrate, streptomycete, sulfurous acid selenium, urea are mixed
Fermentation 12-15 days is closed, fermentation material is obtained；
(4) can obtain antibacterial after fermentation broken material, fermentation material being well mixed with selenium-rich bentonite, activation selenium mineral powder rich
Selenium ruby potato fertilizer.
In the present invention, further instruction, in step (3), the temperature control of the fermentation is at 32-35 DEG C.
In sum, by adopting the above-described technical solution, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1st, implantation methods of the invention are simple, easy to operate, mainly during the plantation, apply antibacterial selenium-enriched sweet potato fertilizer,
During seedling, addition is less to be applied altogether with base manure, improves the pH of soil, and can also increase absorbed when seedling grows in the early stage selenium unit
Element, the initial stage field planting, it is necessary to environment break-in, the growth ability of seedling is poor during break-in, the antibacterial selenium-enriched sweet potato fertilizer energy of addition
There are antibacterial, sterilized, the survival rate of raising seedling；Topdress antibacterial selenium-enriched sweet potato fertilizer after planting 2 months, with Ipomoea batatas
Grow up, the amount of required nutrition can also increase, thus the dose topdressed will increase, by itself fertilizer and implantation methods,
Amount of the Ipomoea batatas of harvesting containing Organic Selenium reaches 24 μ g/kg or so.
2nd, the applicant still wants to, can fully by fibre after in the present invention calcining leaf of elm tree, lime tree leaf, mulberry leaves
Dimension element release obtains carbonization power, and substantial amounts of carbon source is preferably utilized, and the carbonization power that the material is obtained also has antibacterial, sterilized
Effect；Bentonite is carried out into selenium-rich treatment, with the also additional selenium element of bentonitic nutrition and particle diameter；Activation selenium mineral powder is not only rich
Can be preferably absorbed by plants containing the selenium mineral powder after selenium element, and activation, improve plant selenium content；Discarded animal shell is carried out
The selenium element that the fermentation broken material obtained after fermentation is rich in is high；Discarded edible mushroom culture matrix and carbonization power, frerrous chloride, nitric acid
The fermentation material that potassium, streptomycete, sulfurous acid selenium, urea fermentation are obtained can not only fully discharge edible fungus culture medium selenium element,
Protein and organic matter, there is provided raw material Streptomyces the effect of sterilization can not only be provided, and it is with frerrous chloride, nitric acid
The material that potassium, sulfurous acid selenium, urea combination are obtained urges corruption, and edible fungus culture medium can be fermented faster
Speed；Not only selenium-rich also has the sterilized, effect of antibacterial to the fertilizer for obtaining；Prawn shell, crab shell, oyster shell are sent out using Se-enriched yeast
Ferment can faster discharge the organic matter and trace element in material, and the fermentation materials for obtaining possess substantial amounts of protein, carbon source, have
Machine thing and trace element, enrich the nutrient of fertilizer, the needed nutrient matter of Ipomoea batatas growth can be fully given, so as to improve product
Amount, increases economic benefit.
【Specific embodiment】
Embodiment 1
First, raw material prepares：
1. carbonization power is in parts by weight：By 8 parts of leaf of elm tree, 10 parts of lime tree leaf, 6 parts of mulberry leaves in calcining furnace in
30min is calcined under the conditions of 700 DEG C.
2. activation selenium mineral powder is prepared from by following methods：By the selenium mineral powder of more than selenium content 160mg/kg is broken, ball milling,
Cross 100 mesh sieves；100kg selenium mineral powders are taken, 10% sodium-chloride water solution is used, at room temperature, 48h is shaken using oscillator.
3. the above-mentioned activation selenium mineral powder for preparing, carbonization power are used for preparing a kind of antibacterial selenium-enriched sweet potato fertilizer,
Comprise the following steps that：
(1) in parts by weight, each raw material, 20 parts of discarded edible mushroom culture matrix, 8 parts of carbonization power, chlorination are weighed
Ferrous 2 parts, it is 2 parts of potassium nitrate, 3 parts of streptomycete, 3 parts of sulfurous acid selenium, 2 parts of urea, 15 parts of shrimp shell, 3 parts of molasses, 10 parts of crab shell, male
10 parts of oyster shell, 8 parts of selenium mineral powder of activation, 5 parts of selenium-rich bentonite, 3 parts of Se-enriched yeast；
(2) molasses, shrimp shell, crab shell, oyster shell, Se-enriched yeast are mixed after being put into fermentation vat, adds suitable quantity of water to be sent out
After ferment 18-25 days, mixed fermentation material is obtained, it is 10% that then mixed fermentation material is drained to water content, is then blended, and is obtained
To fermentation broken material；
(3) discarded edible mushroom culture matrix, carbonization power, frerrous chloride, potassium nitrate, streptomycete, sulfurous acid selenium, urea are mixed
Close and fermented 12 days under the conditions of 32 DEG C, obtain fermentation material；
(4) can obtain antibacterial after fermentation broken material, fermentation material being well mixed with selenium-rich bentonite, activation selenium mineral powder rich
Selenium ruby potato fertilizer.
2nd, a kind of cultural method of selenium-enriched sweet potato, specifically includes following steps：
(1) site preparation：Determination of Selenium is carried out to soil, is then deep ploughed once, then add base manure and selenium-enriched fertilizer, Ran Houzai
A plurality of 20cm alleys high once, after base manure and antibacterial selenium-enriched sweet potato fertilizer are mixed with soil, are ploughed out, on ground in soil by deep ploughing
Dug out on ridge, the base manure of applying and the amount of antibacterial selenium-enriched sweet potato fertilizer are respectively 80kg/ mus, 20kg/ mus；
Wherein, base manure is that N-P-K content ratio is 15:15:15 composite fertilizer；
(2) breeding：To be of moderate size, unnotched Ipomoea batatas kind is put into the salt solution that mass concentration is 10% and soaks 10h, soak
The temperature of bubble is 22 DEG C, then carries out greenhouse breeding；
(3) it is colonized seedling：The seedling that breeding is obtained into seedling is long to 10cm, starts to win the ground of seedling transplanting to step (1)
40cm is spaced on ridge, on alley be colonized one plant of seedling；
(4) field management：Field planting starts to impose antibacterial selenium-enriched sweet potato fertilizer after 4 months, every mu of 150kg, and at interval of
Spray once within 20 days；
(5) harvest：Start to harvest Ipomoea batatas behind five month after field planting, do not apply fertilizer within 20 days before harvesting.
Embodiment 2：
First, raw material prepares：
1. carbonization power is in parts by weight：By 12 parts of leaf of elm tree, 18 parts of lime tree leaf, 15 parts of mulberry leaves in calcining furnace
45min is calcined under the conditions of 800 DEG C.
2. activation selenium mineral powder is prepared from by following methods：By the selenium mineral powder of more than selenium content 160mg/kg is broken, ball milling,
Cross 100 mesh sieves；100kg selenium mineral powders are taken, 10% sodium-chloride water solution is used, at room temperature, 48h is shaken using oscillator.
3. the above-mentioned activation selenium mineral powder for preparing, carbonization power are used for preparing a kind of antibacterial selenium-enriched sweet potato fertilizer,
Comprise the following steps that：
(1) in parts by weight, each raw material, 30 parts of discarded edible mushroom culture matrix, 15 parts of carbonization power, chlorination are weighed
Ferrous 5 parts, it is 6 parts of potassium nitrate, 5 parts of streptomycete, 8 parts of sulfurous acid selenium, 6 parts of urea, 22 parts of shrimp shell, 5 parts of molasses, 15 parts of crab shell, male
18 parts of oyster shell, 15 parts of selenium mineral powder of activation, 15 parts of selenium-rich bentonite, 8 parts of Se-enriched yeast；
(2) molasses, shrimp shell, crab shell, oyster shell, Se-enriched yeast are mixed after being put into fermentation vat, adds suitable quantity of water to be sent out
After ferment 18-25 days, mixed fermentation material is obtained, it is 15% that then mixed fermentation material is drained to water content, is then blended, and is obtained
To fermentation broken material；
(3) discarded edible mushroom culture matrix, carbonization power, frerrous chloride, potassium nitrate, streptomycete, sulfurous acid selenium, urea are mixed
Close and fermented 15 days under the conditions of 35 DEG C, obtain fermentation material；
(4) can obtain antibacterial after fermentation broken material, fermentation material being well mixed with selenium-rich bentonite, activation selenium mineral powder rich
Selenium ruby potato fertilizer.
2nd, a kind of cultural method of selenium-enriched sweet potato, specifically includes following steps：
(1) site preparation：Determination of Selenium is carried out to soil, is then deep ploughed once, then add base manure and selenium-enriched fertilizer, Ran Houzai
A plurality of 25cm alleys high once, after base manure and antibacterial selenium-enriched sweet potato fertilizer are mixed with soil, are ploughed out, on ground in soil by deep ploughing
Dug out on ridge, the base manure of applying and the amount of antibacterial selenium-enriched sweet potato fertilizer are respectively 90kg/ mus, 25kg/ mus；
Wherein, base manure is that N-P-K content ratio is 15:15:15 composite fertilizer；
(2) breeding：To be of moderate size, unnotched Ipomoea batatas kind is put into the salt solution that mass concentration is 15% and soaks 15h, soak
The temperature of bubble is 23 DEG C, then carries out greenhouse breeding；
(3) it is colonized seedling：The seedling that breeding is obtained into seedling is long to 12cm, starts to win the ground of seedling transplanting to step (1)
45cm is spaced on ridge, on alley be colonized one plant of seedling；
(4) field management：Field planting starts to impose antibacterial selenium-enriched sweet potato fertilizer after 2 months, every mu of 200kg, and at interval of
Spray once within 20 days；
(5) harvest：Start to harvest Ipomoea batatas behind five month after field planting, do not apply fertilizer within 20 days before harvesting.
Embodiment 3：
First, raw material prepares：
1. carbonization power is in parts by weight：By 10 parts of leaf of elm tree, 15 parts of lime tree leaf, 10 parts of mulberry leaves in calcining furnace
38min is calcined under the conditions of 750 DEG C.
2. activation selenium mineral powder is prepared from by following methods：By the selenium mineral powder of more than selenium content 160mg/kg is broken, ball milling,
Cross 100 mesh sieves；100kg selenium mineral powders are taken, 10% sodium-chloride water solution is used, at room temperature, 48h is shaken using oscillator.
3. the above-mentioned activation selenium mineral powder for preparing, carbonization power are used for preparing a kind of antibacterial selenium-enriched sweet potato fertilizer,
Comprise the following steps that：
(1) in parts by weight, each raw material, 25 parts of discarded edible mushroom culture matrix, 12 parts of carbonization power, chlorination are weighed
Ferrous 4 parts, 3 parts of potassium nitrate, 4 parts of streptomycete, 3-8 parts of sulfurous acid selenium, 4 parts of urea, 19 parts of shrimp shell, 4 parts of molasses, 13 parts of crab shell,
14 parts of oyster shell, 11 parts of selenium mineral powder of activation, 10 parts of selenium-rich bentonite, 6 parts of Se-enriched yeast；
(2) molasses, shrimp shell, crab shell, oyster shell, Se-enriched yeast are mixed after being put into fermentation vat, adds suitable quantity of water to be sent out
After ferment 18-25 days, mixed fermentation material is obtained, it is 13% that then mixed fermentation material is drained to water content, is then blended, and is obtained
To fermentation broken material；
(3) discarded edible mushroom culture matrix, carbonization power, frerrous chloride, potassium nitrate, streptomycete, sulfurous acid selenium, urea are mixed
Close and fermented 13 days under the conditions of 33 DEG C, obtain fermentation material；
(4) can obtain antibacterial after fermentation broken material, fermentation material being well mixed with selenium-rich bentonite, activation selenium mineral powder rich
Selenium ruby potato fertilizer.
2nd, a kind of cultural method of selenium-enriched sweet potato, specifically includes following steps：
(1) site preparation：Determination of Selenium is carried out to soil, is then deep ploughed once, then add base manure and selenium-enriched fertilizer, Ran Houzai
A plurality of 30cm alleys high once, after base manure and antibacterial selenium-enriched sweet potato fertilizer are mixed with soil, are ploughed out, on ground in soil by deep ploughing
Dug out on ridge, the base manure of applying and the amount of antibacterial selenium-enriched sweet potato fertilizer are respectively 100kg/ mus, 30kg/ mus；
Wherein, base manure is that N-P-K content ratio is 15:15:15 composite fertilizer；
(2) breeding：To be of moderate size, unnotched Ipomoea batatas kind is put into the salt solution that mass concentration is 15% and soaks 15h, soak
The temperature of bubble is 25 DEG C, then carries out greenhouse breeding；
(3) it is colonized seedling：The seedling that breeding is obtained into seedling is long to 15cm, starts to win the ground of seedling transplanting to step (1)
50cm is spaced on ridge, on alley be colonized one plant of seedling；
(4) field management：Field planting starts to impose antibacterial selenium-enriched sweet potato fertilizer after 6 months, every mu of 250kg, and at interval of
Spray once within 20 days；
(5) harvest：Start to harvest Ipomoea batatas behind five month after field planting, do not apply fertilizer within 20 days before harvesting.
Embodiment 4：
Raw material is substantially the same manner as Example 3 with step, and difference is：Antibacterial selenium-enriched sweet potato fertilizer is not added with, but is used
Common base manure substitution, base manure is N-P-K content 15：15：15 mixed fertilizer.
Embodiment 5：
Raw material is substantially the same manner as Example 3 with step, and difference is：Antibacterial selenium-enriched sweet potato fertilizer does not use carbonization power.
Embodiment 6：
Raw material is substantially the same manner as Example 3 with step, and difference is：Antibacterial selenium-enriched sweet potato fertilizer is not added with streptomycete.
Embodiment 7：
Raw material is substantially the same manner as Example 3 with step, and difference is：Antibacterial selenium-enriched sweet potato fertilizer is not added with selenium-rich swelling
Soil.
Embodiment 8：
Raw material is substantially the same manner as Example 3 with step, and difference is：Antibacterial selenium-enriched sweet potato fertilizer is not added with activating selenium ore deposit
Powder.
Embodiment 1-8 is planted into Ipomoea batatas in mode, the place of plantation is in Luchuan County Vegetable Base, 8 pieces of examinations of experimental cultivation
Ipomoea batatas ground is tested, every piece of ground is 0.5 mu, other environment, the field management all same of plantation, from plantation to harvesting, carry out table 1
Situation is recorded, and concrete condition record is as follows：
Table 1
| Project | Weight kg/ mus | Organic selenium content | There is the number of times of disease |
| Embodiment 1 | 3745 | 22.1μg/kg | 0 |
| Embodiment 2 | 3774 | 22.4μg/kg | 0 |
| Embodiment 3 | 3754 | 22.5μg/kg | 0 |
| Embodiment 4 | 3015 | 5.8μg/kg | 5 |
| Embodiment 5 | 3201 | 21.5μg/kg | 3 |
| Embodiment 6 | 3200 | 21.8μg/kg | 3 |
| Embodiment 7 | 3202 | 20.1μg/kg | 0 |
| Embodiment 8 | 3205 | 20.2g/kg | 0 |
Table more than, using the fertilizer of the application plant that the Ipomoea batatas head for obtaining is big, and individual weight reaches
1.35 jin, selenium-rich content reaches 22 μ g/kg or so.Content is more than 3 times of common fertilizer.Illustrate through the selenium mineral powder after overactivation
Can preferably be absorbed by plants, can also make full use of selenium ore deposit.It is red compared to what the streptomycete for using and the fertilizer of carbonization power were planted
Potato has sterilized effect, so the number of times that disease occurs is few.
Described above is directed to the detailed description of preferably possible embodiments of the invention, but embodiment is not limited to this hair
Bright patent claim, the equal change completed under the technical spirit suggested by all present invention or modification change, all should belong to
Cover the scope of the claims in the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of cultural method of selenium-enriched sweet potato, it is characterised in that specifically include following steps：
(1) site preparation：Determination of Selenium is carried out to soil, is then deep ploughed once, then add base manure and selenium-enriched fertilizer, then deep ploughed again
Once, after base manure and antibacterial selenium-enriched sweet potato fertilizer being mixed with soil, a plurality of 20-30cm alleys high are ploughed into out in soil, on ground
Dug out on ridge, the base manure of applying and the amount of antibacterial selenium-enriched sweet potato fertilizer are respectively 80-100kg/ mus, 20-30kg/ mus；
Wherein, base manure is that N-P-K content ratio is 15:15:15 composite fertilizer；
Wherein, antibacterial selenium-enriched sweet potato fertilizer is made including following raw material：20-30 parts of discarded edible mushroom culture matrix, charcoal
Change 8-15 parts of powder, frerrous chloride 2-5 parts, potassium nitrate 2-6 parts, streptomycete 3-5 parts, 3-8 parts of sulfurous acid selenium, urea 2-6 parts, shrimp shell
15-22 parts, molasses 3-5 parts, crab shell 10-15 parts, oyster shell 10-18 parts, activation 8-15 parts of selenium mineral powder, selenium-rich bentonite 5-15
Part, Se-enriched yeast 3-8 parts；
(2) breeding：To be of moderate size, unnotched Ipomoea batatas kind is put into the salt solution that mass concentration is 10-15% and soaks 10-15h,
The temperature of immersion is 22-25 DEG C, then carries out greenhouse breeding；
(3) it is colonized seedling：The seedling that breeding is obtained into seedling is long to 10-15cm, starts to win the alley of seedling transplanting to step (1)
On, 40-50cm is spaced on alley and is colonized one plant of seedling；
(4) field management：Field planting starts to impose antibacterial selenium-enriched sweet potato fertilizer after 4-6 months, every mu of 150-250kg, and every
Sprayed once every 20 days；
(5) harvest：Start to harvest Ipomoea batatas behind five month after field planting, do not apply fertilizer within 20 days before harvesting.
2. implantation methods of a kind of selenium-enriched sweet potato according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the carbonization power is according to weight
Amount number meter：By leaf of elm tree 8-12 parts, 10-18 parts of lime tree leaf, mulberry leaves 6-15 parts in calcining furnace under the conditions of 700-800 DEG C
Calcining 30-45min.
3. implantation methods of a kind of selenium-enriched sweet potato according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the activation selenium mineral powder be by
Following methods are prepared from：By the selenium mineral powder of more than selenium content 160mg/kg is broken, ball milling, 100 mesh sieves are crossed；100kg selenium mineral powders are taken,
10% sodium-chloride water solution is used, at room temperature, 48h is shaken using oscillator.
4. a kind of implantation methods of selenium-enriched sweet potato according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the antibacterial selenium-enriched sweet potato fertilizer
Material includes that following raw material is made：20-30 parts of discarded edible mushroom culture matrix, carbonization power 8-15 parts, frerrous chloride 2-5
Part, potassium nitrate 2-6 parts, streptomycete 3-5 parts, 3-8 parts of sulfurous acid selenium, urea 2-6 parts, shrimp shell 15-22 parts, molasses 3-5 parts, crab shell
10-15 parts, oyster shell 10-18 parts, activation 8-15 parts of selenium mineral powder, 5-15 parts, Se-enriched yeast 3-8 parts of selenium-rich bentonite.
5. a kind of implantation methods of selenium-enriched sweet potato according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the antibacterial selenium-enriched sweet potato fertilizer
Material is prepared by following methods：
(1) in parts by weight, each raw material is weighed；
(2) molasses, shrimp shell, crab shell, oyster shell, Se-enriched yeast are mixed after being put into fermentation vat, adds suitable quantity of water to carry out fermentation 18-
After 25 days, mixed fermentation material is obtained, it is 10-15% that then mixed fermentation material is drained to water content, is then blended, and is obtained
Fermentation broken material；
(3) discarded edible mushroom culture matrix, carbonization power, frerrous chloride, potassium nitrate, streptomycete, sulfurous acid selenium, urea are mixed into hair
Ferment 12-15 days, obtains fermentation material；
(4) can obtain antibacterial selenium-rich after fermentation broken material, fermentation material being well mixed with selenium-rich bentonite, activation selenium mineral powder red
Potato fertilizer.
6. implantation methods of a kind of selenium-enriched sweet potato according to claim 5, it is characterised in that in step (3), the hair
The temperature control of ferment is at 32-35 DEG C.
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