CN106900285A - The multipurpose climing pulverizer of walk-behind type potato is cut in a kind of leakproof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a leak-proof cutting multipurpose walking type potato vine grinder, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural harvesting machinery. The gearbox of the machine is fixedly connected with the mounting plate and the engine mounting frame extending forward and backward respectively, and the joystick is extended rearward and upward; the mounting plate is connected with the vine cutting mechanism through the suspension frame, and the vine cutting mechanism contains axial The cutter rollers with radially extending cutters are installed at intervals, and the cutter rollers are equipped with a cover; the cutter shafts of the cutter rollers are arranged at intervals in the axial direction along the spiral line, and the radially protruding cutter seats are distributed, and the cutter seats are hinged with the inner ends of the cutters. When the axis rotates, the rotating envelope surface of each cutter tip matches the ridge shape; the channel formed by the distance between the casing and the knife tip rotating envelope surface is in the shape of a neck that tapers from the front to the middle and gradually expands from the middle to the rear; And the rear part of the cover is equipped with a ︿-type splitter plate. The invention can effectively avoid missed cutting of potato tendrils, improve the chopping effect, and ensure that the shredded tendrils are sprinkled to furrows.

Description

A leak-proof cutting multi-purpose walking type potato vine grinder

technical field

The invention relates to a device for crushing and returning potato seedlings and vines to the field, in particular to a leak-proof multi-purpose walking-type potato and vine crushing machine, which is suitable for crushing and returning seedlings and vines to the field before harvesting sweet potatoes and potatoes on hilly slopes and small fields. The utility model belongs to the technical field of agricultural harvesting machinery.

Background technique

Among the plants planted on high ridges such as sweet potato and potato with lush vines, sweet potato is a typical vine plant, whose vines usually grow to 1.5-7.0 meters, not only covering the entire ridge and the ground, but also intertwined and difficult to separate; potato Although the seedlings are upright and generally more than 0.5 meters in height, they are also prone to lodging during growth and interlaced with adjacent ridge potato seedlings. Therefore, before digging and harvesting sweet potatoes and potatoes, the seedlings and vines must be removed, otherwise it will inevitably be seriously entangled and cannot be harvested.

The existing potato seedling and vine crushing and returning machines are all suspended single-ridge or multi-ridge wide-width operation equipment matched with medium and large four-wheel tractors above 20 horsepower, and their supporting power is relatively large (20-100 horsepower medium and large four-wheel tractors tractor), the weight of the whole machine (except for the tractor, the weight of the implement itself is about 350-1500 kg), large volume, long turning radius (about 5 meters), large wheelbase of supporting tractors (1 meter or more than 1.8 meters), and the required roads for machine plowing Wider, suitable for plain dam areas, hills and large land with gentle slopes. On the hilly and sloping fields, potato planting fields are small in size, steep in slope, narrow in machine-plowing roads, short in length of planting ridges, and frequently turn around in the field. Suspended single-ridge or multi-ridge wide-width operation equipment matched with existing medium and large four-wheel tractors is used. Unable to adapt.

For this reason, publication number is that the Chinese patent application of CN104396454A discloses " a kind of walk-behind type sweet potato broken vine returning field machine ", and this machine configures rear frame (1) by chassis (4) on a pair of road wheels (20). ) engine (2), with a pair of hand-held rods (19) protruding from both sides to configure the control display (3); On the top, the end is equipped with supporting guide wheels (9); the metal plate cover covers the top, left and right sides, and the front and rear of the broken tendril device (7), with a front safety cover (12) and a rear safety cover ( 17); the knife roller (15) of the broken vine device (7) rotates and carries out the broken vine, the circumferential direction of the knife roller (15) is equipped with a cutting knife, and the oblique angles on both sides of the vine guide grid (10) are fixed close to the ground and form downwards. Figure-eight opening. This invention not only solves the problems of high labor intensity, labor and high labor cost in manual vine cutting in sweet potato planting on hilly land, but also overcomes two defects in the prior art: 1) The vine cutting part is equipped with picking seedlings, pulling vines and guiding seedlings Grid mechanism, when the machine moves forward, the potato vines are picked up and then go up along the seedling guide grid, and are interrupted by the cutter after reaching the cutter striking area. This mechanism can cut the potato vines beyond the working width of the machine. It is collected and crushed inside the vine crushing machine, which ensures that the smaller design width of the machine can crush the potato vines beyond the width, and realizes the miniaturization and light weight of the machine; 2) The vine cutting parts are at the front end of the vine cutting equipment. The operator walks at the back end of the vine cutting equipment. Between the operator and the vine cutting parts are gearboxes, driving wheels, engines and other components, which can play a blocking role and prevent the clods, mudstones, and broken knives from flying out of the vine cutting parts. affect personnel safety.

However, through practice, the applicant realized that the above-mentioned "a walk-behind sweet potato shredded vine returning machine" still has the following disadvantages: 1) The potato vines along the ridge are very easy to miss cutting and remain, which is not conducive to harvesting operations; 2) ) The broken vines directly thrown on the ridge surface will easily cause the harvester to be entangled and affect the separation effect of potato and offal; 3) The integrated fixed casing is closed inside, which is not convenient for the replacement of the cutter and the maintenance of the cutter shaft.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to: aim at the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art, through structural improvement, propose a leak-proof multi-purpose cutting method that can effectively avoid missed cutting of potato vines, improve the chopping effect, and ensure that the broken vines are sprinkled to the furrows. Walking potato vine grinder.

In order to achieve the above object, the anti-missing multi-purpose walking type potato vine grinder of the present invention: includes a gearbox supported on the driving wheel, and the gearbox and the mounting plate and the engine mounting frame extending forward and backward respectively Fixedly connected, and the joystick is extended toward the rear and upward; the mounting plate is connected with the vine cutting mechanism through the suspension frame, and the vine cutting mechanism includes knife rollers with axially spaced and radially extending cutters, and the knife rollers are equipped with A casing; characterized in that:

The cutter shaft of the cutter roller is axially spaced along the helix and the radially protruding cutter seat is distributed, and the knife seat is hinged with the inner end of the cutting knife. The surface matches the ridge shape;

The channel formed by the distance between the casing and the rotating envelope surface of the knife tip is in the shape of a neck that tapers from the front to the middle and expands from the middle to the rear;

The invention comprehensively considers the reasonable design of the rotating envelope surface of the knife tip and the shape of the casing, and makes the track of the knife tip of the cutting knife match the ridge shape, so that all the vines in the cutting width can be cut off. Moreover, the channel between the casing and the tip of the knife is necked. Due to the large gap at the front, the potato tendrils are easily chopped and brought in by the rotary cutter; and then gradually enter the middle of the casing due to the reduced distance to form a false "congestion". ", was chopped repeatedly; finally, it was quickly thrown out from the gradually expanding rear part. At the same time, the splitter plate installed in the gradually expanding space at the rear part divided the repeatedly chopped vines into two strands to ensure that they were thrown to the furrows. . It can be seen that the present invention can effectively avoid missed cutting of potato tendrils, improve the chopping effect, and ensure that the shredded tendrils are scattered to the furrows.

A further improvement of the present invention is that the outer end of the cutter corresponding to the position of the ridge surface is composed of left and right curved knives that are bifurcated in a Y shape, and the outer side of the cutter corresponding to the position of the ridge side is composed of a main straight knife perpendicular to the knife axis and an inward fork It is composed of auxiliary scimitars, and the rotational trajectories of axially adjacent cutters have overlapping parts. In this way, not only can an ideal arrangement of cutters be formed, but without increasing the number of cutters, the cutter seats that are evenly spaced in the axial direction can be arranged to produce cutters with uniform trajectory and proper density, and the overlapping parts As a downside, it is possible to cut off all the vines in the cutting width more effectively.

A further improvement of the present invention is that the cover is composed of a movable cover at the front and a fixed cover at the middle and rear, the rear end of the movable cover is hinged with the fixed cover, and the two sides are connected by tight The firmware is lockable with the side panels of the fixed case. Therefore, not only can the involute degree of the movable cover be adjusted conveniently according to needs, but also the maintenance of the cutter shaft is facilitated after the movable cover is opened, which kills two birds with one stone.

A further improvement of the present invention is that the angular projections of two axially adjacent tool seats are staggered by 120°.

A further improvement of the present invention is that the overlapping portion of the rotation tracks of adjacent cutters corresponding to the position of the ridge surface reaches more than 50% of the maximum width W of the cutter.

A further improvement of the present invention is that the two sides of the movable case can be locked with the side plate of the fixed case 6 which is formed with an adjustment groove through fastening bolts.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the three-dimensional structure of FIG. 1 .

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cutter shaft in the embodiment of Fig. 1 .

FIG. 4 is a side view of FIG. 3 .

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the guide roller cutter in the embodiment of Fig. 1 .

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the working state of the knife roller in the embodiment of Fig. 1 .

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the casing structure of the embodiment in FIG. 1 .

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the working state of the splitter plate in the embodiment of FIG. 1 .

The figure mainly includes: depth-limiting wheel 1, movable cover 2, depth-limiting wheel frame 3, knife roller 4, cutter 5, fixed cover 6, frame 7, diverter plate 8, depth-limiting wheel adjustment handle 9, suspension Frame 10, joystick 11, engine 12, mounting frame 13, gearbox 14, driving wheel 15, hinge 16, bolt 17, potato vine flow 18, field ridge 19, mounting plate 20.

detailed description

Embodiment one

The basic structure of the leak-proof multi-purpose walking type potato vine grinder of this embodiment is shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the gearbox 14 supported on the driving wheel 15, the gearbox 14 and the gearbox 14 extend forward and backward respectively. The mounting plate 20 is fixedly connected with the engine mounting frame 13 for placing the engine 12, and extends the joystick 11 towards the rear and upwards. The mounting plate 20 is connected with the vine cutting mechanism through the suspension frame 10 .

The front end of the vine cutting mechanism is supported on the depth-limiting wheel 1 by the depth-limiting wheel frame 3, and the upper end of the depth-limiting wheel frame 3 is equipped with a depth-limiting wheel adjustment handle 9 that realizes the depth-limiting wheel 1 lifting by a threaded pair.

Referring to Fig. 3,4,5,6 shown, the vine-cutting mechanism contains the knife roller 4 that radially extending cutter 5 is installed at intervals in the axial direction, and casing is housed on the knife roller 4. The knife shaft 41 of the knife roller is distributed axially at intervals along the helical line, and the radially protruding knife seats 42 are distributed. The angular projections of the two axially adjacent knife seats 42 are staggered by 120°, so they form three rows that are staggered from each other. The distance between each knife seat in the upper single row is 108cm, and the distance between adjacent knife seats is 36cm. Knife seat 42 is hinged with the inner end of cutting knife 5, and the knife tip rotation envelope surface of each cutting knife 5 matches the ridge shape of field ridge 19 when the knife shaft rotates. Specifically, the outer end of the cutting knife corresponding to the position of the ridge surface is composed of left and right machetes 5-1, 5-r forked in a Y shape, and the outer side of the cutting knife corresponding to the position of the ridge side is composed of a main straight knife 5 perpendicular to the knife axis. -1 and the auxiliary scimitar 5-2 branched inward, the axially adjacent cutter rotation tracks have an overlapping portion, and the overlapping portion of the adjacent cutter rotation tracks corresponding to the position of the ridge surface reaches the maximum width W of the cutter more than 50% of the The structure in which the rotation tracks of adjacent cutters have interlaced parts can make the moving tracks of the cutters uniform and dense under the condition that the number of cutters remains unchanged, so that all the vines in the cutting width can be cut off more reliably.

Referring to Figures 7 and 8, the casing is composed of a movable casing 2 at the front and a fixed casing 6 at the middle and rear. The rear end of the movable casing 2 is hinged with the fixed casing 6 through a hinge 16, and both sides are fastened Bolt 17 and the side plate that is shaped on the fixed casing 6 of adjusting groove can lock. In this way, the movable cover can be adjusted to a suitable position and locked as required. When it is necessary to replace the cutter and maintain the cutter shaft, the movable cover can be easily lifted by loosening the bolts on both sides. In addition, the channel formed by the distance between the casing and the rotating envelope surface of the knife tip is in the shape of a neck that tapers from the front to the middle and expands from the middle to the rear, so the potato tendrils are easily chopped by the rotary cutter and brought into the crushing process during operation. space, and then the vines gradually enter the middle of the casing. As the distance between the casing and the knife tip track gradually decreases, a "congested" state is formed in the middle. At this stage, the vines are repeatedly chopped and gradually pass through the minimum position in the middle; then the casing The distance from the tip of the knife gradually increases, and the potato tendrils are quickly thrown out "smoothly". A ︿-shaped splitter plate 8 is installed at the rear of the casing. The potato tendrils are chopped by a rotary cutter and brought into the crushing space. After repeated chopping in the crushing space, two streams of broken tendrils are formed along the casing and the ︿-shaped splitter plate and thrown. to the ditch.

Claims (6)

1. A leak-proof cutting multi-purpose walking type potato vine grinder, comprising a gearbox supported on the drive wheel, the gearbox is fixedly connected with the mounting plate and the engine mounting frame extending forward and backward respectively, and Extending the joystick toward the rear and upward; the mounting plate is connected with the vine cutting mechanism through the suspension frame, and the vine cutting mechanism includes knife rollers with axially spaced radially extending cutters, and a cover is installed on the knife rollers; Features: The cutter shaft of the cutter roller is axially spaced along the helix and the radially protruding cutter seat is distributed, and the knife seat is hinged with the inner end of the cutting knife. The surface matches the ridge shape; The channel formed by the distance between the casing and the rotating envelope surface of the knife tip is in the shape of a neck that tapers from the front to the middle and expands from the middle to the rear; 2. The leak-proof cutting multi-purpose walking type potato vine grinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outer end of the cutting knife corresponding to the position of the ridge surface is composed of left and right curved knives that are bifurcated in a Y shape, corresponding to the position of the ridge side The outer side of the cutting knife is composed of a main straight knife perpendicular to the knife axis and an auxiliary curved knife branching inward, and the rotation tracks of adjacent cutting knives in the axial direction have overlapping parts. 3. The leak-proof cutting multi-purpose walking type potato vine grinder according to claim 2, characterized in that: the cover is composed of a movable cover at the front and a fixed cover at the middle and rear, and the movable cover The rear end of the shell is hinged with the fixed case, and both sides can be locked with the side plates of the fixed case through fasteners. 4. The leak-proof cutting multi-purpose walking type potato and vine grinder according to claim 3, characterized in that: the angular projections of two axially adjacent knife seats are staggered by 120°. 5. The leak-proof cutting multi-purpose walking type potato vine grinder according to claim 4, characterized in that: the overlapping portion of the rotation track of adjacent cutters corresponding to the position of the ridge surface reaches more than 50% of the maximum width W of the cutter. 6. The leak-proof cutting multi-purpose walking type potato vine grinder according to claim 5, characterized in that: both sides of the movable cover can be connected with the side plates of the fixed cover 6 with adjustment grooves through fastening bolts. locking.