CN106887719A - Minimized wide-band inclined polarization omnidirectional antenna - Google Patents
Minimized wide-band inclined polarization omnidirectional antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN106887719A CN106887719A CN201710192095.5A CN201710192095A CN106887719A CN 106887719 A CN106887719 A CN 106887719A CN 201710192095 A CN201710192095 A CN 201710192095A CN 106887719 A CN106887719 A CN 106887719A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters
- H01Q15/242—Polarisation converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
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Abstract
Minimized wide-band inclined polarization omnidirectional antenna of the present invention constitutes array by inclined polarization radiating element, the inclined polarization radiating element includes the single cone radiant body, lower parasitic stub, cage type parasitic body, the polarization rotation device that are arranged along central shaft, this is singly bored radiant body and is connected coaxial feed, the lower parasitic stub is arranged on the surrounding of single cone radiant body bottom, the cage type parasitic body is arranged on lower parasitic stub top, single surrounding bored in the middle part of radiant body, and the polarization rotation device is arranged on the surrounding of list cone radiant body, lower parasitic stub and cage type parasitic body.The present invention realizes antenna miniaturization and ultra wide band by load mode, vertically polarized wave is become oblique polarized wave by polarization rotation device, obtaining antenna can meet the technical requirements of vehicular radio direction finding/monitoring aerial while receive the ability of vertical/horizontal polarized signal.
Description
【Technical field】
The present invention relates to a kind of direction-finding station and monitoring aerial equipment and technology, the more particularly to oblique pole of minimized wide-band
Change omnidirectional antenna and its technology.
【Background technology】
It is well known that radio-frequency spectrum is because of its exclusivity and specificity, it is a kind of extremely valuable and rare resource.Because same
Frequency interference problem, frequency spectrum needed for radio traffic generally needs special planning and authorized appropriation.Therefore, various countries have set up country
The radio regulatory organization of level, such as the China Commission of Radio Management, FCC FCC.Radio
Direction finding and monitoring are an important routine works of State Radio Regulatory Commission.To authorizing the frequency range moment to be monitored, really
It is fixed whether to there is focal pointe illegally to use, so as to interfere with legitimate traffic.Radio monitoring is led for safeguarding radio traffic
The specification and order in domain are significant.From technological layer, the place of illegal frequency spectrum user is determined, must be to it
Carry out accurate direction-finding station and positioning.This is early in without the just ongoing key activities of electric wire invention initial stage.Generally,
Gain directional antenna, such as yagi aerial, log-periodic antenna, (axial mode) helical antenna are selected in direction-finding station.Due to
Reception antenna wave beam is narrower, it is easy to determine the accurate orientation of radiation source.However, this easy single antenna cannot determine target
Distance.And, rotary antenna in the horizontal direction is needed during direction finding, operating efficiency seems than relatively low.Modem radio direction finding and prison
Survey, generally using vehicle-mounted omni-directional array antenna.After antenna vehicle-mountedization, can realize patrolling large area geographic area in a short time
Depending on time-consuming very short, efficiency is very high.Using omni-directional array antenna, then different antenna element can be reached according to same radiation signal
Time difference, accurately determine arrival bearing, it is further accurate to determine target so as to shaped-beam main lobe is pointed into radiation source direction
Azimuth-range.As can be seen here, vehicle-mounted omni-directional array antenna, either DF and location precision or operating efficiency, all than routine
Directional aerial be preferable much.
Secondly, direction-finding station/monitoring aerial has also needed to ultra-wide bandwidth of operation, to realize to various radio traffics frequently
The covering of section.Furthermore, antenna must also have the ability for receiving vertical/horizontal polarized wave simultaneously.This feature so that direction finding day
The detecting effect that line really possesses ultra wide band covering, 360 ° of omnidirectionals receive and polarize insensitive.This is also direction-finding station/prison
Survey the maximum technological difficulties of Antenna Design.In addition, because antenna is installed on roof, miniaturization, low section are also important
Design objective.Conventional vehicle-mounted omnidirectional's direction finding/monitoring aerial, generally using upright list cone design.It has super well
Broadband and omnidirectional's characteristic, but typical vertical polarization mode, it is very poor to horizontal polarization signals reception.If special again
If one ultra wide band horizontal polarization horizontal omnidirectional antenna of design, not only the size and volume of whole antenna system will become very
Greatly, and technically difficulty is quite big.Therefore, in the case where size is strictly limited, the slave antenna of independent design two is respectively used to
The scheme for receiving horizontal/vertical polarized wave is unsatisfactory.
【The content of the invention】
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of high-gain, high efficiency, low section, simple structure, easily production, low cost
Minimized wide-band inclined polarization omnidirectional antenna.
To realize the object of the invention, there is provided following technical scheme：
It is contemplated that for direction-finding station/monitoring provide a kind of (super) broadband, omni-directional, H/V dual polarizations, high-gain,
High efficiency, small size, low section, easily simple structure, production, the omnidirectional antenna of low cost, parasitic loading is carried out by monocone antenna,
Miniaturization and low section are realized, then polarization rotation device is set in surrounding, vertical polarization is become oblique 45 ° of polarization, be allowed to
H/V polarized waves can simultaneously be received.The method has thinking novelty, clear principle, method is pervasive, it is simple, inexpensive, suitable to realize
The features such as batch production, be the preferred scheme for replacing conventional radio omnidirectional direction finding/monitoring aerial, and for conventional single cone day
The design and improvement of line are also to be applicable and effective.
The present invention provides a kind of inclined polarization radiating element, and single cone radiant body that it includes being arranged along central shaft, lower parasitism are short
Stake, cage type parasitic body, polarization rotation device, this is singly bored radiant body and is connected with feed coaxial cable, and the lower parasitic stub is arranged on list
The surrounding of cone radiant body bottom, the cage type parasitic body is arranged on lower parasitic stub top, single surrounding bored in the middle part of radiant body, the pole
Change the surrounding that deflector is arranged on list cone radiant body, lower parasitic stub and cage type parasitic body.
Thus the basic inclined polarization radiating element recomposition MIMO array for constituting, with realize wave beam forming intelligent direction finding and
Positioning function；Wave beam forming is all kinds of algorithms for being capable of achieving wave beam horizontal orientation.
Preferably, this singly bores radiant body includes up big and down small elongated taper, its bottom connecting cylinder the initial segment, pointed cone
Body top connection reverse taper, its top reloads top cylindrical section.
Preferably, angle value has following relation in the vertical section quadrangle of the taper and reverse taper：θ1=0~45 °, θ2>
90°-θ1With 180 °>θ3>θ1, wherein θ1It is taper lower end interior angle, θ2It is taper and reverse taper junction interior angle, θ3It is back taper
Body upper end interior angle.
Preferably, the lower parasitic stub is the inverted L-shaped stub battle array of loading, and the inverted L-shaped stub includes being fixed on floor vertically
On vertical section and horizontal suspended traversing section, towards inner bending, N number of inverted L-shaped stub is arranged in ring at equal intervals for the end of traversing section
It is around on the circumference of single cone radiant body, wherein N is natural number.Preferably, N values are 4.
Preferably, the minor matters bending place of the inverted L-shaped stub is provided with arc chord angle, and inverted L-shaped stub is highly higher than single cone radiant body
Bottom cylinder the initial segment, vertical section and traversing section length ratio value are 2~4.
Preferably, during the cage type parasitic body is including coaxial horizontally arranged upper annulus, between lower annulus and upper and lower annulus
Portion's annulus, by M, vertically the evenly distributed vertical conductor segment of annulus is connected upper and lower annulus, and vertical conductor lower end is towards inner bending
And terminate after extending through middle part annulus straight up, wherein M is natural number.Preferably, M is more than or equal to 3.
Preferably, annulus is identical with lower toroid size on this, and middle part circle diameter is more slightly smaller than upper annulus and lower annulus, and position
Rest against closely upper annulus.
Preferably, the polarization rotation device includes the K conductor frame being made up of cylindrical screw section and horizontal circle segmental arc, the K
Individual conductor frame is looped around around single cone radiant body at equal intervals, and wherein K is natural number.Preferably, K is more than or equal to 3.
Preferably, the conductor frame of the polarization rotation device includes that one section of lift angle is α, is the first cylindrical screw body of β around angle,
Top, middle part, the lower position of the first cylindrical screw body, each extend over out first level arc section, the second horizontal circle segmental arc,
Three horizontal circle segmental arcs, wherein, the first level arc section end on top is first coiled into second cylindrical screw of the lift angle such as section α down
Section, then the horizontal circle segmental arc of a section the 4th is terminated, then curl up into the 3rd cylindrical screw section of another same lift angle α upward again, hereafter
The 5th longer horizontal circle segmental arc of another section is terminated again, and the 4th horizontal circle segmental arc is above the second horizontal circle segmental arc and between
Every a certain distance；Meanwhile, and the middle part of the second horizontal circle segmental arc at middle part down coiling lift angle for α the 4th cylindrical screw
Section, the horizontal circle segmental arcs of the 4th cylindrical screw Duan Yu tri- leave distance, and the end of the second horizontal circle segmental arc is then distinguished upward
Coiling lift angle is the 5th cylindrical screw section of α down, the top and bottom of the 5th section of cylindrical screw section respectively with this
It is spaced a distance, hereafter, above-mentioned all spiral sections and arc section group between five horizontal circle segmental arcs and the 3rd horizontal circle segmental arc
Into unclosed lead frame.
Preferably, all spiral section lift angles of the conductor frame are equal to α, and each spiral section is β or 0.5 β around angle, is risen
Angle and the span around angle are respectively α=35 °~65 ° and β=50 °~60 °；Each horizontal circle segmental arc central angle is ω=60 °
~75 ° or ω/3.The present invention also provides a kind of minimized wide-band inclined polarization omnidirectional antenna, and it includes that at least two is as described above
The MIMO array that inclined polarization radiating element is constituted.Preferably, inclined polarization radiating element described at least three constitutes the MIMO
Array.
Preferably, the form of inclined polarization radiating element composition MIMO array is the plane formation for justifying battle array or square formation.
Preferably, each part of the minimized wide-band inclined polarization omnidirectional antenna, its unit or array is metal
Good conductor, such as fine copper, copper alloy.
Contrast prior art, the present invention has advantages below：
The present invention has carried out depth optimization on the basis of single cone scheme is used for reference, and it is small-sized to realize antenna by load mode
Change and ultra wide band, then innovatively devise polarization rotation device, vertically polarized wave is become into oblique 45 ° of polarized waves, and it can divide
Solution is into the vertically and horizontally polarization components of size such as two, so that antenna is obtained can believe while receiving vertical/horizontal polarization
Number ability, meet the technical requirements of vehicular radio direction finding/monitoring aerial.By using above-mentioned measure, car of the invention
Carry antenna direction finding/monitoring aerial can cover mobile communication GSM frequency ranges (0.77-0.96GHz, VSWR≤2.50, BW=190MHz,
21.97%) with LTE frequency ranges (1.71-2.70GHz, VSWR≤2.50, BW=870MHz, 40.56%) ,+45 ° of oblique polarization (H/
V polarization components difference is less than 1dB), higher gain (G=1.3-7.5dBi), preferable out-of-roundness (<1dB), efficiency (η very highA
>=75%).Then, the antenna is lined up into round battle array, then using beamforming algorithm, you can formed and point to horizontal arbitrary orientation, same
When receive H/V polarize incoming wave directional beam, substantially increase the degree of accuracy and the precision of direction finding.In addition, the method also has thinking
Road novelty, clear principle, method are pervasive, realization is simple, it is inexpensive, be adapted to batch production the features such as, be substitution conventional radio
The preferred scheme of omnidirectional's direction finding/monitoring aerial, and be also to be applicable and effective for the design and improvement of conventional monocone antenna.
【Brief description of the drawings】
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the rectangular coordinate system definition that inventive antenna model is used；
Fig. 2 is the profile of single cone radiation body Model of minimized wide-band inclined polarization omnidirectional antenna of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the front view of the single L-shaped parasitism stub model of minimized wide-band inclined polarization omnidirectional antenna of the present invention；
Fig. 4 be minimized wide-band inclined polarization omnidirectional antenna of the present invention L-shaped under parasitic stub circular array model front view；
Fig. 5 be minimized wide-band inclined polarization omnidirectional antenna of the present invention L-shaped under parasitic stub circular array model top view；
Fig. 6 is the front view of the cage type parasitism body Model of minimized wide-band inclined polarization omnidirectional antenna of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the top view of the cage type parasitism body Model of minimized wide-band inclined polarization omnidirectional antenna of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the perspective view of the cage type parasitism body Model of minimized wide-band inclined polarization omnidirectional antenna of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is the front view of the polarization rotation device model of minimized wide-band inclined polarization omnidirectional antenna of the present invention；
Figure 10 is coaxial line excited single cone radiant body antenna model of minimized wide-band inclined polarization omnidirectional antenna of the present invention
Profile；
Figure 11 is the perspective view of minimized wide-band inclined polarization omnidirectional antenna complete model of the present invention；
Figure 12 is the front view of minimized wide-band inclined polarization omnidirectional antenna complete model of the present invention；
Figure 13 is the top view of minimized wide-band inclined polarization omnidirectional antenna complete model of the present invention；
Figure 14 is the perspective view of the MIMO array of minimized wide-band inclined polarization omnidirectional antenna of the present invention；
Figure 15 is the top view of the MIMO array of minimized wide-band inclined polarization omnidirectional antenna of the present invention；
Figure 16 is the input impedance Z of minimized wide-band inclined polarization omnidirectional antenna of the present inventioninFrequency characteristic；
Figure 17 is the reflectance factor of minimized wide-band inclined polarization omnidirectional antenna of the present invention | S11| curve；
Figure 18 is the standing-wave ratio VSWR curves of minimized wide-band inclined polarization omnidirectional antenna of the present invention；
Figure 19 is the low frequency f of minimized wide-band inclined polarization omnidirectional antenna of the present inventionL=0.95GHz gain patterns；
Figure 20 is the intermediate frequency f of minimized wide-band inclined polarization omnidirectional antenna of the present inventionC=1.90GHz gain patterns；
Figure 21 is the high frequency f of minimized wide-band inclined polarization omnidirectional antenna of the present inventionH=2.50GHz gain patterns；
Figure 22 is that H faces (azimuth plane) out-of-roundness of minimized wide-band inclined polarization omnidirectional antenna of the present invention changes bent with frequency f
Line；
Figure 23 is E- faces (elevation angle face) half-power beam width HPBW of minimized wide-band inclined polarization omnidirectional antenna of the present invention
With frequency f variation characteristics；
Figure 24 is the maximum gain G of minimized wide-band inclined polarization omnidirectional antenna of the present invention with frequency f variation characteristics；
Figure 25 is the efficiency eta of minimized wide-band inclined polarization omnidirectional antenna of the present inventionAWith frequency f change curves；
Figure 26 is the figuration direction of the MIMO array in f=1.90GHz of minimized wide-band inclined polarization omnidirectional antenna of the present invention
Figure.
This paper accompanying drawings are, for being expanded on further and understanding to of the invention, and to constitute a part for specification, with this
The specific embodiment of invention is used to explain the present invention together, but is not construed as limiting the invention or limits.
【Specific embodiment】
The preferred embodiment of invention is given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, to describe technical scheme in detail.Here, will give
The present invention is described in detail to go out respective drawings.It should be strongly noted that the example that is preferable to carry out as described herein is only used
In the description and interpretation present invention, this present invention is not limited to or limited.
Fig. 1~15 are referred to, the structure of minimized wide-band inclined polarization omnidirectional antenna of the present invention is as described below.
Step one, sets up rectangular coordinate system in space, sees Fig. 1；
Step 2, the single cone radiant body 10 of construction：First, it is a diameter of as center of circle construction one with origin of coordinates O in XOY plane
Dg, thickness be TgRosette, as antenna floor 1, secondly, apart from H directly over the center of floorgPlace, makees one directly upward
One cylinder the initial segment 11 is arranged at vertical taper 12, its bottom, and then, taper is gradually flared to maximum upward, then up gradually
Taper pin forms a reverse taper 13, and its top reloads top cylindrical section 14, sees Fig. 2；
Step 3, sets lower parasitism stub 20：With origin O as the center of circle, DLIt is upright on the circumference of radius, to set one group
And the inverted L-shaped minor matters for arranging at equal intervals, it is surrounded on single cone surrounding of radiant body 10 of step 2；The bottom of minor matters vertical section 21 and ground
Plate is connected, and then towards inner bending, minor matters bending place is provided with arc chord angle 24, the highly a little higher than single cone spoke of minor matters for the end 23 of traversing section 22
The bottom cylinder the initial segment 11 of beam 10, is shown in Fig. 3~Fig. 5；
Step 4, cage type parasitic body 30 on construction：Above the inverted L-shaped minor matters of step 3, single middle part of cone radiant body 10, on
Under be sequentially placed two horizontal circular rings, be distributed as annulus 31, lower annulus 33, it is then evenly distributed vertical along annular with one group
Up and down be connected as a single entity two annulus by conductor 34, and the lower end of vertical conductor 34 is towards inner bending and extends through straight up positioned at upper annulus
Terminate after another isolated horizontal middle part annulus 32 of 31 lower sections, see Fig. 6~Fig. 8；
Step 5, construction polarization rotation device 40：With disc centre normal as axis, a diameter of DpThe face of cylinder on, structure
Build one section of lift angle for α, around angle for β the first cylindrical screw body 41, then, the top of the first cylindrical screw body 41, middle part, under
Portion position, makees first level arc section 42, the second horizontal circle segmental arc 43, the 3rd horizontal circle segmental arc 44 respectively, wherein, the of top
The end of one horizontal circle segmental arc 42 is first coiled into the second cylindrical screw section 45 of the lift angle such as section α down, then terminates the level of a section the 4th
Arc section 46, then curls up into the 3rd cylindrical screw section 47 of another same lift angle α upward again, another section is hereafter terminated again longer
5th horizontal circle segmental arc 48；Meanwhile, and the middle part of the second horizontal circle segmental arc 43 at middle part down coiling lift angle for α the 4th cylinder
Spiral section 50, then upwardly and downwardly coiling lift angle is the 5th cylindrical screw section of α respectively for the end of the second horizontal circle segmental arc 43
49, the top and bottom of the 5th section of cylindrical screw section 49 respectively with the 5th horizontal circle segmental arc 48 and the 3rd horizontal circle segmental arc 44
Between maintain distance, hereafter, above-mentioned all spiral sections and arc section constitute unclosed lead frame, then by the lead frame around
Face of cylinder central axis swivel replication 3 times, is spaced hexagonal angle, so as to constitute the polarization rotation device, sees Fig. 9, is arranged on
The parasitic stub of single cone of each step of the above, inverted L-shaped and cage type parasitic body surrounding；
Step 6, the feedback of coaxial cable bottom：In the circular hole of 1 centre drill of metal floor one of step 2, and one is placed on circular hole
Individual concentric metal ring 3, bottom contacts with floor 1.Then, a coaxial cable of 50 Ω 2 is passed through into circular hole from bottom to top, is inside led
Body extends to single cone base of step 2 and welds therewith upward, and outer conductor then disconnects at becket upper surface and welds therewith
One is connected in, Figure 10 is seen；
Step 7, antenna MIMO group battle arrays：By above-mentioned single cone radiant body 10, lower parasitic stub 20, cage type parasitic body 30, pole
Change deflector 40, and the omnidirectional antenna that coaxial feed is constituted, be re-used as basic inclined polarization radiating element composition MIMO array, see
Figure 11~15；
In the present embodiment, the inclined polarization radiating element includes the single cone radiant body 10, the lower parasitic stub that are arranged along central shaft
20th, cage type parasitic body 30, polarization rotation device 40, this is singly bored radiant body 10 and is connected coaxial feed, and the lower parasitic stub 20 is set
In the surrounding of singly cone radiant body 10 bottom, the cage type parasitic body 30 is arranged in the top of lower parasitic stub 20, single cone radiant body 10
The surrounding in portion, the polarization rotation device is arranged on the surrounding of list cone radiant body, lower parasitic stub 20 and cage type parasitic body.
This singly bores radiant body 10 includes up big and down small elongated taper, the direct cylinder the initial segment 11 in its bottom, taper
Top connects reverse taper 13, and its top reloads top cylindrical section 14.The vertical section quadrangle of the taper 12 and reverse taper 13
Interior angle value has following relation：θ1=0~45 °, θ2>90°-θ1With 180 °>θ3>θ1, wherein θ1It is the lower end interior angle of taper 12, θ2For
Taper 12 and the junction interior angle of reverse taper 13, θ3It is the upper end interior angle of reverse taper 13.
To load inverted L-shaped stub battle array, including four inverted L-shaped stubs, the inverted L-shaped stub includes vertical the lower parasitic stub 20
The vertical section 21 and the traversing section 22 of horizontal suspended being fixed on floor, the end 23 of traversing section 22 is towards inner bending, and the inverted L-shaped is short
The minor matters bending place of stake is provided with arc chord angle 24, inverted L-shaped stub highly higher than single bottom cylinder the initial segment 11 for boring radiant body 10, directly
Vertical section 21 is 2~4 with the length ratio of traversing section 22.Four inverted L-shaped stubs are arranged in are surrounded on single cone radiant body 10 at equal intervals
Circumference on.
The cage type parasitic body includes coaxial horizontally arranged upper annulus 31, lower annulus 33 and the middle part between annulus is justified up and down
Ring 32, upper and lower annulus 31,33 by four vertically the evenly distributed vertical conductor 34 of annulus connect, the lower end court of vertical conductor 34
Inner bending simultaneously extends through termination after the annulus 32 of middle part straight up.Annulus 31 is identical with the lower size of annulus 33 on this, middle part circle
The diameter of ring 32 is smaller than upper annulus 31 and lower annulus 33, and is located proximate to annulus.
The polarization rotation device includes the conductor frame of three cylindrical screw sections and horizontal circle segmental arc composition, three conductor frames
At equal intervals around 10 bodies of single cone radiation, spaced is hexagonal angle.
In the present embodiment, the conductor frame of the polarization rotation device includes that one section of lift angle is α, is first cylindrical screw of β around angle
Body 41, in top, middle part, the lower position of the first cylindrical screw body 41, each extends over out first level arc section 42, the second water
Flat round segmental arc 43, the 3rd horizontal circle segmental arc 44, wherein, the end of first level arc section 42 on top is first coiled into the liter such as section down
The second cylindrical screw section 45 of angle α, then the horizontal circle segmental arc 46 of a section the 4th is terminated, then curl up into another same lift angle α upward again
The 3rd cylindrical screw section 47, longer the 5th horizontal circle segmental arc 48 of another section, the 4th horizontal circle segmental arc 46 are hereafter terminated again
In the top of the second horizontal circle segmental arc 43 and maintain distance；Meanwhile, and the middle part of the second horizontal circle segmental arc 43 at middle part down around
Lift angle processed is the 4th cylindrical screw section 50 of α, and the 4th cylindrical screw section 50 and the 3rd horizontal circle segmental arc 44 leave distance, and this
Then upwardly and downwardly coiling lift angle is the 5th cylindrical screw section 49 of α, the 5th section respectively for the end of two horizontal circle segmental arcs 43
The top and bottom of cylindrical screw section 49 maintain between the 5th horizontal circle segmental arc 48 and the 3rd horizontal circle segmental arc 44 respectively
Distance, hereafter, above-mentioned all spiral sections and arc section constitute unclosed lead frame.
All spiral section lift angles of the conductor frame are equal to α, each spiral section around angle be β or 0.5 β, lift angle and around
The span at angle is respectively α=35 °~65 ° and β=50 °~60 °；Each horizontal circle segmental arc central angle be ω=60 °~75 ° or
ω/3.Figure 11~15 are referred to, the inclined polarization radiating element described in five constitutes MIMO array, as the oblique pole of minimized wide-band
Change one inclined polarization radiating element four additional inclined polarization radiating element of arrangement in the middle of omnidirectional antenna, the MIMO array uniformly to arrange
In surrounding.
The invention is characterized in that following measures：1) shape and size of single cone, including optimization cone top/bottom part circle are optimized
The length and diameter value of shell of column, set the angle value of suitable section Atria interior angle；2) parasitic stub, bag under optimization L-shaped
Vertical section and horizontal section length are included than, position of distance center etc.；3) optimize polarization rotation device, including cylindrical screw section is set
Lift angle and radian, the length and line footpath of horizontal circle segmental arc, and their distances with cone axis；4) central coaxial feed；5)
Antenna sets justify battle array, optimize array element spacing and position, obtain the significant performance boost of more conventional scheme：First, ultra wide bandwidth, while
Covering GSM900 and LTE frequency ranges (0.77-0.96GHz/1.71-2.58GHz)；2nd, higher gain, module gain reaches 1.3~
7.5dBi；Uniformity is good in directional diagram band, and gain bandwidth is almost equal with impedance bandwidth；2nd, preferable out-of-roundness, H Mian Fei omnidirectionals
Property be less than 1dB；3rd, oblique+45 ° of polarization, horizontal and vertical component is almost equal；5th, high efficiency (ηA>=75%)；6th, MIMO
Array effect and beamforming capabilities, can be accurately positioned and direction finding；7th, small size, low section, cone height and ground board diameter point
Little Yu not 0.187 λLWith 0.9 λL。
Design parameter effect see Figure 16~26：
Figure 16 represents the input impedance Z of minimized wide-band inclined polarization omnidirectional antennainFrequency characteristic.Wherein, transverse axis (X
Axle) it is frequency f, unit is GHz；The longitudinal axis (Y-axis) is impedance Zin, unit is Ω；Solid line represents real part Rin, dotted line represents imaginary part
Xin.Known by figure, in 0.77-0.96/1.71-2.58GHz frequency ranges, real part and imaginary part excursion are respectively：+ 13~+60 Ω and-
10~+50 Ω, with broadband impedance characteristic.
Figure 17 represents the reflectance factor of minimized wide-band inclined polarization omnidirectional antenna | S11| curve.Wherein, transverse axis (X-axis) is frequency
Rate f, unit is GHz；The longitudinal axis (Y-axis) is S11Amplitude | S11|, unit is dB.Known by figure, antenna is in GSM 0.77-0.96GHz
Frequency range (BW=190MHz, 21.97%) and LTE1.71-2.58GHz frequency ranges (BW=870MHz, 40.56%), realize preferably
Impedance matching, reflectance factor | S11|≤- 8.0, it is minimum up to -24.75dB；Two frequency range relative bandwidths are respectively greater than 21% He
40%, realize ultra wide bandwidth.
Figure 18 represents the standing-wave ratio VSWR curves of minimized wide-band inclined polarization omnidirectional antenna.Wherein, transverse axis (X-axis) is frequency
F, unit is GHz；The longitudinal axis (Y-axis) is VSWR.Known by figure, antenna GSM 0.77-0.96GHz frequency ranges (BW=190MHz,
21.97%) with LTE 1.71-2.58GHz frequency ranges (BW=870MHz, 40.56%), preferable impedance matching, standing wave are realized
It is minimum up to 1.02 than VSWR≤2.50；Two frequency range relative bandwidths are respectively greater than 21% and 40%, realize ultra wide bandwidth.
Figure 19 represents the low frequency f of minimized wide-band inclined polarization omnidirectional antennaL=0.95GHz gain patterns.Wherein, solid line
H faces (horizontal plane) is represented, dotted line represents E faces (vertical plane)；Fair line represents main polarization, and dotted line represents cross polarization.Known by figure,
H faces out-of-roundness is preferable, E faces beam position θ=48 ° direction, gain G=3.47dBi；Theta components are several with Phi components in main lobe
It is essentially equal, illustrate that polarization mode polarizes for preferable oblique 45 °, and polarization purity (XPD higher>20dB).
Figure 20 represents the low frequency f of minimized wide-band inclined polarization omnidirectional antennaC=1.90GHz gain patterns.Wherein, solid line
H faces (horizontal plane) is represented, dotted line represents E faces (vertical plane)；Fair line represents main polarization, and dotted line represents cross polarization.Known by figure,
H faces out-of-roundness is preferable, E faces beam position θ=58 ° direction, gain G=4.27dBi；Theta components are several with Phi components in main lobe
It is essentially equal, illustrate that polarization mode polarizes for preferable oblique 45 °, and polarization purity (XPD higher>30dB).
Figure 21 represents the low frequency f of minimized wide-band inclined polarization omnidirectional antennaH=2.50GHz gain patterns.Wherein, solid line
H faces (horizontal plane) is represented, dotted line represents E faces (vertical plane)；Fair line represents main polarization, and dotted line represents cross polarization.Known by figure,
H faces out-of-roundness is preferable, E faces beam position θ=76 ° direction, gain G=2.77dBi；Theta components are several with Phi components in main lobe
It is essentially equal, illustrate that polarization mode polarizes for preferable oblique 45 °, and polarization purity (XPD higher>20dB).
Figure 22 represents the H faces out-of-roundness of minimized wide-band inclined polarization omnidirectional antenna with frequency f change curves.Wherein, transverse axis
(X-axis) is frequency f, and unit is GHz；The longitudinal axis (Y-axis) is out-of-roundness, unit degree of being dB.Known by figure, whole low frequency and high frequency are low
Section, horizontal plane (H faces) directional diagram out-of-roundness (omni-directional or uniformity) is less than 1dB, and horizontal omnidirectional is very good, high section of high frequency
Then it is deteriorated, drops to 4dB.
Figure 23 represents E- faces (vertical plane) the half-power beam width HBPW of minimized wide-band inclined polarization omnidirectional antenna with frequency
Rate f variation characteristics.Wherein, transverse axis (X-axis) is frequency f, and unit is GHz；The longitudinal axis (Y-axis) is beam angle, unit degree of being
(deg).Known by figure, with interior half-power ripple it is wide HPBW=20 °~120 °, vertical plane (E faces) ripple is wide, is conducive to signal to connect
Receive.
Figure 24 represents the maximum gain of minimized wide-band inclined polarization omnidirectional antenna with frequency f variation characteristics.Wherein, transverse axis (X
Axle) it is frequency f, unit is GHz；The longitudinal axis (Y-axis) is gain, and unit is dBi.Known by figure, be G=with interior gain variation range
1.3~7.5dBi, and gradually increase with frequency.
Figure 25 represents the efficiency eta of minimized wide-band inclined polarization omnidirectional antennaAWith frequency f change curves.Wherein, transverse axis (X
Axle) it is frequency f, unit is GHz；The longitudinal axis (Y-axis) is efficiency.Known by figure, matched in poor low-frequency range, antenna efficiency ηA≥
60%, and matching preferable high band, efficiency etaA>=88%.
Figure 26 represents the Oriented Graphics with Assigned Form of the MIMO array in f=1.90GHz of minimized wide-band inclined polarization omnidirectional antenna.By
Figure knows that array beamses point to azimuth plane somewhere and about 72 ° of angles of facing upward, and directional diagram becomes directed radiation.
Preferred embodiment of the invention is these are only, the present invention is not limited to or limits.For grinding for this area
Study carefully or technical staff for, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.It is all within the spirit and principles in the present invention, made
Any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements etc., should be included within the protection domain that the present invention is stated.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of inclined polarization radiating element, it is characterised in that single cone radiant body that it includes being arranged along central shaft, lower parasitism are short
Stake, cage type parasitic body, polarization rotation device, this is singly bored radiant body and is connected with feed coaxial cable, and the lower parasitic stub is arranged on list
The surrounding of cone radiant body bottom, the cage type parasitic body is arranged on lower parasitic stub top, single surrounding bored in the middle part of radiant body, the pole
Change the surrounding that deflector is arranged on list cone radiant body, lower parasitic stub and cage type parasitic body.
2. inclined polarization radiating element as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that this singly cone radiant body include it is up big and down small thin
Taper long, its bottom connecting cylinder the initial segment, one reverse taper of taper top connection, its top reloads top cylindrical section.
3. inclined polarization radiating element as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the side of vertical section four of the taper and reverse taper
Angle value has following relation in shape：θ1=0~45 °, θ2>90°-θ1With 180 °>θ3>θ1, wherein θ1It is taper lower end interior angle, θ2For
Taper and reverse taper junction interior angle, θ3It is reverse taper upper end interior angle.
4. inclined polarization radiating element as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the lower parasitic stub is loading inverted L-shaped stub
Battle array, the inverted L-shaped stub includes the traversing section of the vertical section and horizontal suspended being fixed on floor vertically, and the end of traversing section is inwardly
Bending, N number of inverted L-shaped stub is arranged in is surrounded on the circumference of single cone radiant body at equal intervals, and wherein N is natural number.
5. inclined polarization radiating element as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that the minor matters bending place of the inverted L-shaped stub is provided with
Arc chord angle, inverted L-shaped stub is highly higher than the bottom cylinder the initial segment of single cone radiant body, vertical section and traversing section length ratio value
It is 2~4.
6. inclined polarization radiating element as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the cage type parasitic body includes coaxial horizontally arranged
Upper annulus, the middle part annulus between lower annulus and upper and lower annulus, upper and lower annulus is by M vertically evenly distributed perpendicular of annulus
Straight conductor is connected, and vertical conductor lower end terminates towards inner bending and after extending through middle part annulus straight up, and wherein M is nature
Number.
7. inclined polarization radiating element as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the polarization rotation device includes K cylindrical screw
The conductor frame of section and horizontal circle segmental arc composition, at equal intervals around single cone radiant body, wherein K is the K conductor frame
Natural number.
8. inclined polarization radiating element as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that the conductor frame of the polarization rotation device includes a section
Lift angle is α, is the first cylindrical screw body of β around angle, in top, middle part, the lower position of the first cylindrical screw body, each extends over
Go out first level arc section, the second horizontal circle segmental arc, the 3rd horizontal circle segmental arc, wherein, the first level arc section end on top
A section lift angle is first coiled into down and is all the second cylindrical screw section of α, then terminate the horizontal circle segmental arc of a section the 4th；Then revolve upward again
The 3rd cylindrical screw section of another same lift angle α is coiled into, the 5th longer horizontal circle segmental arc of another section, the 4th water are hereafter terminated again
Flat round segmental arc is above the second horizontal circle segmental arc and is spaced a distance；Meanwhile, and in the second horizontal circle segmental arc at middle part
Coiling lift angle is the 4th cylindrical screw section of α down in portion；The horizontal circular arcs of 4th cylindrical screw Duan Yu tri- are intersegmental every certain
Distance；Then upwardly and downwardly coiling lift angle is the 5th cylindrical screw section of α respectively for the end of the second horizontal circle segmental arc, and this
The top and bottom of five sections of cylindrical screws section maintained between the 5th horizontal circle segmental arc and the 3rd horizontal circle segmental arc respectively away from
From.
9. inclined polarization radiating element as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that all spiral section lift angles of the conductor frame are all
Equal to α, each spiral section around angle be β or 0.5 β, lift angle and the span around angle be respectively α=35~65 ° and β=50~
60°；Each horizontal circle segmental arc central angle is ω=60~75 ° or ω/3.
10. a kind of minimized wide-band inclined polarization omnidirectional antenna, it is characterised in that it includes at least two such as claims 1~9 times
Inclined polarization radiating element described in one constitutes MIMO array.
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| CN201710192095.5A CN106887719B (en) | 2017-03-28 | 2017-03-28 | Miniaturized broadband slant polarization omnidirectional antenna |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710192095.5A CN106887719B (en) | 2017-03-28 | 2017-03-28 | Miniaturized broadband slant polarization omnidirectional antenna |
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| CN106887719B CN106887719B (en) | 2020-02-07 |
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| CN201710192095.5A Active CN106887719B (en) | 2017-03-28 | 2017-03-28 | Miniaturized broadband slant polarization omnidirectional antenna |
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| CN108539429A (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2018-09-14 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of wideband omnidirectional slant-polarized antennas for metallic carrier |
| CN112886233A (en) * | 2021-01-18 | 2021-06-01 | 重庆大学 | Compact ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108539429A (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2018-09-14 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of wideband omnidirectional slant-polarized antennas for metallic carrier |
| CN108539429B (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2020-08-11 | 电子科技大学 | Broadband omnidirectional oblique polarization antenna for metal carrier |
| CN112886233A (en) * | 2021-01-18 | 2021-06-01 | 重庆大学 | Compact ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna |
| CN112886233B (en) * | 2021-01-18 | 2022-08-05 | 重庆大学 | Compact ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106887719B (en) | 2020-02-07 |
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