CN107611601A - Miniaturization high-gain dual-polarization omnidirectional antenna - Google Patents
Miniaturization high-gain dual-polarization omnidirectional antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN107611601A CN107611601A CN201710671364.6A CN201710671364A CN107611601A CN 107611601 A CN107611601 A CN 107611601A CN 201710671364 A CN201710671364 A CN 201710671364A CN 107611601 A CN107611601 A CN 107611601A
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of Miniaturization high-gain dual-polarization omnidirectional antenna,It includes V poliarizing antennas,H polarization group array antennas,H polarization submatrix feeder panels,The V poliarizing antennas include the M half-wave dipoles being located on V poliarizing antenna substrates and connect the V poliarizing antenna feeder lines of half-wave dipole,The H polarization groups array antenna includes N number of arranged in parallel group of battle array of H polarized arrays unit,The H polarized arrays unit includes dielectric disk,X H polarization oscillator is provided with the circumference of dielectric disk,And connect the H poliarizing antenna feeder lines of H polarization oscillators,The V poliarizing antennas are set in parallel in the outside of H polarization submatrix feeder panels,The H polarized arrays unit and H polarization submatrix feeder panels,The V poliarizing antennas are intersecting to be set,H polarization submatrix feeder panels are fed to the H polarized array units,Wherein M,N,X is the natural number more than or equal to 1.The present invention provides a kind of high-gain, omni-directional, dual polarization, high-isolation, high-power, short and small durable omnidirectional antenna attractive in appearance, structurally simple, economical for outdoor WIFI WAPs.
Description
【Technical field】
The present invention relates to a kind of outdoor high-gain WIFI/WLAN antenna equipments and technology, more particularly to a kind of suitable city
The Miniaturization high-gain dual-polarization omnidirectional antenna and its technology of city's outdoor deployment.
【Background technology】
Cellular mobile communication has been achieved with signal wide area, continuous covering.But it is limited to frequency spectrum resource, power system capacity, stands
The factors such as point addressing, construction costs influence, and the cost of use of cellular network remains high always.Such as view piece, animation regard
The network applications such as frequency, capacity consuming is extremely more, and traffic fee turns into a very big expense in cellphone subscriber's daily life, and this also influences
The further growth of mobile flow.Even if having arrived the 5G epoch, with capacity boost, traffic fee certainly will decline, total flow expense
Instead it is higher.By contrast, WLAN has high power capacity, exempts from license, easily deployment, the advantage of low cost, has been widely used
In the indoor place such as family, campus, library, office, hotel, station, terminal.Because the interior space is relatively narrow and small, uses
Family Relatively centralized and negligible amounts, indoor WIFI capacity and coverage are not problems.If WIFI is deployed in outdoor, such as
The outdoor public sites such as square, street, cell, park, shopping centre, then capacity and covering can be faced as cellular mobile communication
The problem of.In order to cover large area, service compared with more users, antenna preferably uses high-gain to design.However, coverage it is big,
Number of users is more, can cause the problems such as capacity is inadequate, user's speed of surfing the Internet declines.As for capacity extension, then can use makes extensively
Mimo antenna technology.Furthermore, it is contemplated that the factor such as installation, cost, disguise, outdoor WIFI is adapted to use omnidirectional antenna.
Analysis is known more than, Miniaturization high-gain omnidirectional H/V dual polarized antennas, is the preferable day for being adapted to the public WIFI systems of open urban
Line scheme.
Conventional H/V dual-polarization omnidirectional antennas, more using the separated design of two-way polarization, mounted on top mode.This causes day
Line height or length dimension are big, and it is poor to influence visual effect, disguise.It is of the invention then look for another way, by (vertical) polarization of V and H (water
Put down) the nested placement in polarization longitudinal direction so that antenna total height and independent H or V polarization, height reduces nearly half fully.Separately
Outside, V polarization is designed to center series-feed printing layered transducer elements；H polarization is designed to that Alford prints loop antenna, then will be more
Individual ring element mounted on top, one line array of composition, then ring element triplets are linked as a son with printing feeder panel at equal intervals
Battle array.Finally, each submatrix is merged into a bigger high-gain array respectively with coaxial cable.By above-mentioned measure, antenna exists
2.4GHz WLAN frequency ranges (2.3~2.6GHz, BW=12.25%), the λ of diameter 0.38C, height 2.62 λCElectric yardstick on it is real
G=8~9dBi high-gain H/V dual polarised radiations, good impedance matching (VSWR are showed<1.35,1.20) minimum reaches, phase
To bandwidth up to 12.25%；Preferable horizontal omnidirectional directional diagram, out-of-roundness are less than 3.0dB, and greatest irradiation points to horizontal direction；It is perpendicular
Face 12~15.5 ° of (E faces) half-power beam width directly；Excellent polarity diversity MIMO effects, two-port isolation better than-
30dB；Simple feeding network design, reduces loss, improves efficiency (>=83%), reduce cost, improve and can produce
Property.Also, the design it is short and small it is portable, bear that power is big, economy and durability, be the preferred scheme for being adapted to outdoor wireless WIFI antennas.
In addition, this method also has the characteristics that thinking novelty, clear principle, method are pervasive, simple and easy, broadband for high-gain or
Multifrequency H/V single polarizations or dual-polarization omnidirectional antenna optimization design and improvement are also applicable and effective.
【The content of the invention】
It is contemplated that for outdoor WIFI WAPs design a kind of high-gain (G >=8dBi), omni-directional, dual polarization,
High-isolation, high-power, short and small durable omnidirectional antenna attractive in appearance, structurally simple, economical.
To realize the object of the invention, there is provided following technical scheme：
The present invention provides a kind of Miniaturization high-gain dual-polarization omnidirectional antenna, and it includes V poliarizing antennas, H polarization group battle arrays day
Line, H polarization submatrix feeder panels, the V poliarizing antennas include the M half-wave dipoles being located on V poliarizing antenna substrates and connection half
The V poliarizing antenna feeder lines of ripple oscillator, the H polarization groups array antenna include N number of arranged in parallel group of battle array of H polarized arrays unit, H polarization
Array element includes dielectric disk, X H polarization oscillator is provided with the circumference of dielectric disk, and connect H polarization oscillators
H poliarizing antenna feeder lines, the V poliarizing antennas be set in parallel in the H polarization submatrix feeder panel outside, the H polarized arrays unit with
H polarization submatrixs feeder panel, the intersecting setting of the V poliarizing antennas, the H polarize submatrix feeder panel to H polarized arrays unit progress
Feed, wherein M, N, X are the natural number more than or equal to 1.
Preferably, the V poliarizing antennas include the array of five unit half-wave dipoles composition, and each half-wave dipole includes printing respectively
Make the symmetrical upper arm of U-shaped and underarm in V poliarizing antenna substrate upper and lower surfaces.
Preferably, the H polarization groups array antenna includes the array of six equidistant coaxial H polarized arrays unit compositions, and six is single
Element array is divided into two three unit submatrixs up and down, and about two three unit submatrixs are respectively adopted H polarization submatrix feeder panels and fed, and two
Individual H polarization submatrix feeder panel coplanar placement vertically, it is vertical with three H polarized array units of about two three unit submatrixs respectively
It is intersecting.
Preferably, H polarization oscillator is circular arc oscillator or broken line oscillator or straight line oscillator or Curve Dipole, and quantity X's takes
It is 3~6 to be worth scope.
Preferably, the dielectric disk diameter span is 0.35 λC~0.75 λC, wherein λCCentered on wavelength.
Preferably, each half-wave dipole total length is (0.3~0.5) λC, wherein λCCentered on wavelength.
Preferably, the breadth length ratio of the half-wave dipole of the V poliarizing antennas is 0.15~0.35.
Preferably, the V poliarizing antennas feeder line is parallel two-conductor feeder line, along array direction set, preferably with array axes
Line overlaps, and includes the wide transforming section of more piece Length discrepancy of cascade, it is preferred that the parallel two-conductor feeder line center is feed
Point, both ends are short dot.
Preferably, the H poliarizing antennas feeder line is fed using parallel double conducting wire, and parallel double conducting wire is from the center of circle edge of dielectric disk
Diametric(al) extends to each pair H polarization oscillator center, includes the not wide conductor segment of more piece of cascade.
Preferably, the junction of second, third section conductor segment of H poliarizing antenna feeder lines is provided with laterally short-circuit minor matters,
The end of the horizontal short-circuit minor matters is metallization VIA, it is preferred that adjacent two horizontal short-circuit minor matters are in opposite direction.
Preferably, the short-circuit minor matters length of the transverse direction of the H polarized array units is about (0.10~0.15) λC(λCCentered on
Wavelength), it is preferred that laterally the breadth length ratio of short-circuit minor matters is 0.01~0.05.
Preferably, H polarization submatrix feeder panel includes feeder panel medium substrate, and electroplax medium substrate is put down provided with feeder panel
Row two-conductor line, the wide transforming section of more piece Length discrepancy of the feeder panel parallel double conducting wire including cascade, it is preferred that the feeder panel is parallel
Two-conductor line center is distributing point, and both ends are short dot.
Preferably, H polarization submatrix feeder panels and H polarization group array antenna central axis distances Ds, and positioned at without transverse direction
The side of short-circuit minor matters, the central axis of the distance H polarization group array antennas of V poliarizing antennas 20 is DP, the V poliarizing antenna substrates position
In the same side of the central axis of H polarization group array antennas, and DP>Ds.Preferably, H polarization submatrix feeder panels polarize with the V
Antenna substrate is symmetrical arranged on the medium lines of two adjacent feeders of H polarized array units.
Preferably, radially extended on each H polarized arrays unit provided with a section using its center as starting point, singly radial parallel
Two-conductor line, the upper conductor and lower conductor of radial parallel two-conductor line connect inboard wire and the outside of feeder panel parallel double conducting wire respectively
Wire.
Preferably, the series feed printing layered transducer elements that the V poliarizing antennas are one of the forming, H poliarizing antennas are Alford ring lists
The composite array that member is formed.Preferably, H polarized arrays unit, which is first grouped, forms H polarization submatrixs, then by multiple submatrix cables
It is connected as bigger array.
Preferably, the V poliarizing antennas and its array element are set in vertical direction, the H polarized arrays unit horizontal, and vertically
Group battle array turns into H polarization group array antennas, and the H polarized arrays unit intersects vertically with the V poliarizing antennas, and their central axis is mutual
It is misaligned；The V poliarizing antennas feeder line and the area of space of the H poliarizing antenna feeder lines between array vertically cabling to day
Line one end, provided with two joints.
Preferably, V poliarizing antennas substrate, H poliarizing antennas substrate and the feeder panel medium substrate, from various common Jie
Material processing and fabricating, the base material of three may be the same or different, their dielectric constant=1~10, losstangenttanδ
≤0.02；
Preferably, it is provided with antenna house in the outer cover of the V poliarizing antennas, H polarization groups array antenna, H polarization submatrix feeder panels.
Preferably, the antenna house cross sectional shape is circle, rectangle, corner cut rectangle, ellipse or other geometries, its top closure, with
The V poliarizing antenna co-axial alignments.
Preferably, the Miniaturization high-gain dual-polarization omnidirectional antenna is using feed coaxial cable band SMA, BNC, TNC, N
The common connector such as type.
Prior art is contrasted, the present invention has advantages below：
The present invention is separately designed relative to prior art using H/V polarization, the mentality of designing of mounted on top, there is provided a kind of
High-gain, omni-directional, dual polarization, high-isolation, high-power, short and small durable omnidirectional antenna attractive in appearance, structurally simple, economical.
Further, the present invention has abandoned conventional H/V dual-polarization omnidirectional antennas, is polarized using H/V and separately designs, be folded up and down
The mentality of designing put, uniquely using following design method：1) by V/H polarized arrays longitudinal direction nesting arrangement, antenna total height is made
Reduce half；2) V polarization is designed to that the series feed integral type in center prints layered transducer elements；3) H polarization uses diameter about half
The quaternary printing Alford loop antennas of wavelength；4) multiple Alford ring elements, which are arranged above and below, forms line array, and three units are one
Group is simultaneously fed with pcb board, forms a submatrix；5) each submatrix is merged into a high-gain array with coaxial cable.By upper
Measure is stated, antenna is in 2.4GHz WLAN frequency ranges (2.4~2.5GHz, BW=4.082%), the λ of diameter 0.38C, height 2.62
λCElectric yardstick on realize G=8~8.5dBi high-gain H/V dual polarised radiations, good impedance matching (VSWR<1.35
1.20) minimum reaches, relative bandwidth is up to 4.082%；Preferable horizontal omnidirectional directional diagram, out-of-roundness are less than 2.5dBi, maximum spoke
Penetrate sensing horizontal direction；13.5~15.5 ° of vertical plane (E faces) half-power beam width；Excellent polarity diversity MIMO effects, two
Interport isolation is better than -30dB；Simple feeding network design, reduces loss, improves efficiency (>=90%), reduce into
Originally, productibility is improved.Also, the design it is short and small it is portable, bear that power is big, economy and durability, be to be adapted to outdoor wireless WIFI
The preferred scheme of antenna.In addition, this method also has the characteristics that thinking novelty, clear principle, method are pervasive, simple and easy, it is right
It is also applicable and effective in the broadband of high-gain or multifrequency H/V single polarizations or dual-polarization omnidirectional antenna optimization design and improvement.
【Brief description of the drawings】
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that defines of rectangular coordinate system used by antenna model.
Fig. 2 is the front view of the V poliarizing antennas full model 20 of Miniaturization high-gain dual-polarization omnidirectional antenna.
Fig. 3 is the front view of the half model of the V poliarizing antennas of Miniaturization high-gain dual-polarization omnidirectional antenna.
Fig. 4 is the part of the apex drive point of the V poliarizing antennas full model 20 of Miniaturization high-gain dual-polarization omnidirectional antenna
Enlarged drawing.
Fig. 5 is the part of the both ends short dot of the V poliarizing antennas full model 20 of Miniaturization high-gain dual-polarization omnidirectional antenna
Enlarged drawing.
Fig. 6 is the front view of the H polarisation units model 40 of Miniaturization high-gain dual-polarization omnidirectional antenna.
Fig. 7 is the side view of the H polarisation units model 40 of Miniaturization high-gain dual-polarization omnidirectional antenna.
Fig. 8 is the front view of the H polarization feeder panels full model 50 of Miniaturization high-gain dual-polarization omnidirectional antenna.
Fig. 9 is the front view of the H polarization feeder panel half models of Miniaturization high-gain dual-polarization omnidirectional antenna.
Figure 10 is the front view of Miniaturization high-gain dual-polarization omnidirectional antenna complete model.
Figure 11 is the left view of Miniaturization high-gain dual-polarization omnidirectional antenna complete model.
Figure 12 is the schematic diagram that the H polarization submatrix of Miniaturization high-gain dual-polarization omnidirectional antenna is connected with its feeder panel.
Figure 13 is the top view of Miniaturization high-gain dual-polarization omnidirectional antenna complete model.
Figure 14 is the front view of full model of the Miniaturization high-gain dual-polarization omnidirectional antenna with antenna house.
Figure 15 is the top view of full model of the Miniaturization high-gain dual-polarization omnidirectional antenna with antenna house.
Figure 16 is the schematic diagram of the coaxial cable feed network of Miniaturization high-gain dual-polarization omnidirectional antenna.
Figure 17 is the input impedance Z of Miniaturization high-gain dual-polarization omnidirectional antennainFrequency characteristic.
Figure 18 is the reflectance factor of Miniaturization high-gain dual-polarization omnidirectional antenna | S11| curve.
Figure 19 is the standing-wave ratio VSWR of Miniaturization high-gain dual-polarization omnidirectional antenna.
Figure 20 is Miniaturization high-gain dual-polarization omnidirectional antenna in f1=2.40GHz 2D directional diagrams.
Figure 21 is Miniaturization high-gain dual-polarization omnidirectional antenna in f2=2.45GHz 2D directional diagrams.
Figure 22 is Miniaturization high-gain dual-polarization omnidirectional antenna in f3=2.50GHz 2D directional diagrams.
Figure 23 is the real gain G of Miniaturization high-gain dual-polarization omnidirectional antennaRWith frequency f change curves.
Figure 24 is that the vertical plane half-power beam width HPBW of Miniaturization high-gain dual-polarization omnidirectional antenna changes with frequency f
Curve.
Figure 25 is the horizontal plane out-of-roundness of Miniaturization high-gain dual-polarization omnidirectional antenna with frequency f change curves.
Figure 26 is the efficiency eta of Miniaturization high-gain dual-polarization omnidirectional antennaAWith frequency f change curves.
This paper accompanying drawings are for being expanded on further and understand to the present invention, and a part for constitution instruction, with this
The specific embodiment of invention is used to explain the present invention together, but is not construed as limiting the invention or limits.
【Embodiment】
Presently preferred embodiments of the present invention is provided below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, to describe technical scheme in detail.
Here, ultra wide band and high-gain two major features be will focus on to discuss the present invention, and provide respective drawings to this hair
It is bright to be described in detail.It should be strongly noted that preferred embodiment as described herein is merely to illustrate and explain the present invention,
It is not limited to or limits the present invention.
Fig. 1~16 are referred to, the present invention obtains the Miniaturization high-gain bipolar omni-directional day by the way that mode is constructed as below
Line.
Step 1, rectangular coordinate system in space is established, see Fig. 1；
Step 2, construction V poliarizing antennas 20：In coordinate system XOZ planes, one five list placed along Z-direction of construction
First half-wave dipole array, each half-wave dipole include the symmetrical two-arm 21,22 up and down of two U-shapeds, each half-wave dipole total length
About (0.3~0.5) λC, wherein λCCentered on wavelength；Half-wave dipole is integrated with V poliarizing antennas feeder line 25 to be printed on two-sided V
The two sides of poliarizing antenna substrate 10, the length of the medium substrate 10 is generous to be respectively：LV、WV、TV, dielectric constant εr1, loss angle is just
Cut tan δ1；The upper arm 21 of each half-wave dipole the front of V poliarizing antennas substrate 10, half-wave dipole underarm 22 in V poliarizing antenna bases
The reverse side of plate 10, or it is just opposite；V poliarizing antennas feeder line 25 is parallel two-conductor feeder line, along array direction and and array axes
Line overlaps, and is formed by the wide cascade of transforming section 251~255 of more piece Length discrepancy, center is distributing point 23, and both ends are short dot
24, distributing point be non-metallic via and on divide into pad, short dot be then metallization VIA, will up and down parallel two-conductor feeder line
Connection, is shown in Fig. 2~5；
Step 3, construction H polarized arrays unit 40：In coordinate system XOY plane, it is respectively D to have a diameter, thicknessH、TH's
Dielectric disk, dielectric constant εr2, losstangenttanδ2；On circumference of the two sides of dielectric disk 30 close to edge, print respectively
Make the upper arm 41 and underarm 42 of four H polarization oscillator, upper arm toward the clockwise direction, underarm then counterclockwise, Huo Zhegang
Good 90 ° of intervals such as oscillator on the contrary, four couples of H polarize, symmetrical two-by-two, one Alford loop antenna of composition, that is, H polarization battle arrays
Column unit 40, H poliarizing antennas feeder line are fed using parallel double conducting wire；Parallel double conducting wire from the center of circle of dielectric disk diametrically
Each pair H polarization oscillators center is extended to, is formed by the not wide conductor segment cascade of more piece, in second, third section conductor segment 43,44
Junction one horizontal short-circuit minor matters 45 are set, its end be metallization VIA 47, and the short-circuit minor matters of adjacent two transverse direction are in opposite direction；
In the conductor intersection of 30 center of dielectric disk four, inferior two big circular pads 46 in setting；Dielectric disk front oscillator arms, feedback
Electric wire and laterally short-circuit minor matters form loop antenna upper arm, and reverse side oscillator arms, feed line and horizontal short-circuit minor matters then form loop antenna
Underarm, see Fig. 6~7；
Step 4, construction H polarization submatrixs feeder panel 50：The length of feeder panel medium substrate 500 is generous to be respectively：LH、WH、TH,
Dielectric constant is εr3, losstangenttanδ3；In the tow sides of feeder panel medium substrate 500, print out a pair of feeder panels and put down
Row two-conductor line, the feeder panel parallel double conducting wire are made up of the wide cascade of transforming section 51,52,53,54 of more piece Length discrepancy；The feeder panel
Parallel double conducting wire center is distributing point 56, non-metallic via is provided with, for welding coaxial cable；Both ends then for short dot 55,
57, upper lower wire is connected by metallic vias, sees Fig. 8~9；
Step 5, H polarization group array antennas：By the H polarized arrays unit 40 of step 3, along Z-direction equidistantly coaxial duplication
For six cell arrays, then array is divided into two three unit submatrixs, about two three unit submatrixs up and down step 4 is respectively adopted
H polarization submatrix feeder panel 50 feed；Two coplanar placements vertically of H polarization submatrixs feeder panel 50, it is single with about two three respectively
Three H polarized array units of first submatrix intersect vertically, and positioned at away from submatrix central axis Ds, without laterally short-circuit minor matters one
Side；Be connected for convenience of H polarization submatrix feeder panel 50 with each H polarized arrays unit, on each H polarized arrays unit addition one save with
The radial parallel two-conductor line 48 that its center is starting point, singly radially extended, and open metallization VIA on H polarization submatrixs feeder panel 50
58, the upper conductor 481 of radial parallel two-conductor line 48 connects the inboard wire of feeder panel parallel double conducting wire, radial parallel two-conductor line 48
Lower conductor 482 outboard wire of feeder panel parallel double conducting wire is then connected by metallization VIA 58, it is or just opposite；Metallization
One side conductor of the one end of via 58 connection H polarization submatrixs feeder panel 50, the other end of metallization VIA 58 then connect a circular weldering
Disk, circular pad periphery are an isolation pad, circular pad is kept apart (not shown knot with another side conductor of feeder panel
Structure), to cause the two side conductors short circuit of H polarization submatrixs feeder panel 50 during no-welding, in general, the isolation pad is circular pad
The annular of periphery is every hollow structure.See Figure 10~15；
Step 6, V/H poliarizing antennas combination row array：V poliarizing antennas 20 are placed on to the H polarization submatrix feeder panels of step 5
50 outside, the central axis of distance H polarization group array antennas is DP(DP>Ds), the V poliarizing antennas substrate 10 and H of V poliarizing antennas
The same side of 50 central axis that is parallel to each other and being all located at H polarization group array antennas of the submatrix that polarizes feeder panel, they polarize on H
The medium line of two adjacent feeders of array element is symmetrical, as shown in Figure 11~13；
Step 7, coaxial feed network 70 is set：In the apex drive point 23 of V poliarizing antennas 20 of step 2, with one 50
Ω coaxial cables are fed as total feed cable 71, total feed cable 71 along the inner side of V poliarizing antennas substrate 10 down
Cabling is to its bottom position；By two H, the three unit submatrixs of polarization of two isometric one end of coaxial cable 73, respectively Connection Step five
Apex drive point 56, the other end is then bringing together and connects transforming section cable 72 by feeding groove, then the total feed electricity of connection
Cable 71；All feed cables 71~73 are located between the outside of H polarization submatrixs feeder panel 50 and the inner side of V poliarizing antennas 20, with V
The cabling of total feed cable 71 of polarization is almost parallel, and also arrives the bottom position of pcb board, sees Figure 16；
Step 8, antenna house is set：A cylindrical tube antenna house 60 is placed on outside antenna, and with antenna coaxial row
Row, antenna house top closure, are shown in Figure 14,15.
By above-mentioned construction method, Miniaturization high-gain dual-polarization omnidirectional antenna of the present invention is obtained, as illustrated, this implementation
In example, Miniaturization high-gain dual-polarization omnidirectional antenna includes V poliarizing antennas, H polarization groups array antenna, H polarization submatrix feeder panels, should
V poliarizing antennas include the V poliarizing antennas feedback of half-wave dipole and connection half-wave dipole that Unit five are located on V poliarizing antenna substrates
Line, the H polarization groups array antenna include six unit H polarized arrays 40 arranged in parallel groups of battle arrays of unit, and the H polarized arrays unit 40 includes
Dielectric disk, the upper arm 41 and underarm of four H polarization oscillators are respectively equipped with circumference of the two sides of dielectric disk 30 close to edge
42, and the H poliarizing antenna feeder lines of H polarization oscillators are connected, four H polarization oscillator is four circular arcs in the present embodiment
Oscillator, wait 90 ° of intervals, be symmetrical arranged two-by-two, form an Alford loop antenna.The V poliarizing antennas 20 are set in parallel in the H poles
The outside of beggar's battle array feeder panel 50, the H polarized arrays unit 40 intersects with H polarization submatrixs feeder panel, the V poliarizing antennas 20 to be set
Put, H polarization submatrix feeder panels are fed to the H polarized arrays unit 40.
The V poliarizing antennas 20 include the array of half-wave dipole composition, and each half-wave dipole includes being respectively printed at V polarization day
The symmetrical upper arm of U-shaped and underarm of line substrate upper and lower surface.The V poliarizing antennas feeder line 25 is parallel two-conductor feeder line, along array
Direction simultaneously overlaps with array axis, is formed by the wide cascade of transforming section 251~255 of more piece Length discrepancy, center is distributing point
23, both ends are short dot 24, distributing point be non-metallic via and on divide into pad, short dot is then metallization VIA, will be upper
Under the connection of parallel two-conductor feeder line.
Each half-wave dipole total length is (0.3~0.5) λC, wherein λCCentered on wavelength.The half-wave of the V poliarizing antennas
The breadth length ratio of oscillator is 0.15~0.35.The dielectric disk diameter span is 0.35 λC~0.75 λC, wherein λCCentered on ripple
It is long.
The H poliarizing antennas feeder line is fed using parallel double conducting wire, and parallel double conducting wire is diametrically square from the center of circle of dielectric disk
To each pair H polarization oscillator center is extended to, formed by the not wide conductor segment cascade of more piece, in H poliarizing antenna feeder lines second,
Section three, the junction of conductor segment 43,44 sets a horizontal short-circuit minor matters 45, and its end is metallization VIA 47, and adjacent two laterally
Short-circuit minor matters are in opposite direction.In the conductor intersection of 30 center of dielectric disk four, inferior two big circular pads 46 in setting.
H polarization submatrixs feeder panel 50 includes feeder panel medium substrate 500, and electroplax medium substrate 500 is provided with feeder panel
Parallel double conducting wire, the feeder panel parallel double conducting wire are made up of the wide cascade of transforming section 51,52,53,54 of more piece Length discrepancy, the feed
Plate parallel double conducting wire center is distributing point 56, and both ends are short dot 57.
The H polarization groups array antenna includes the array that six equidistant coaxial H polarized arrays units 40 form, six cell arrays
It is divided into two three unit submatrixs up and down, about two three unit submatrixs are respectively adopted H polarization submatrixs feeder panel 50 and fed, two H
The coplanar placement vertically of the submatrix that polarizes feeder panel 50, it is vertical with three H polarized array units of about two three unit submatrixs respectively
It is intersecting, H polarization submatrixs feeder panel 50 and H polarization group array antenna central axis distances Ds, and positioned at without laterally short-circuit minor matters
Side, the central axis of the distance H polarization group array antennas of V poliarizing antennas 20 is DP, the V poliarizing antennas substrate is with being located at H poles
The same side of the central axis of change group array antenna, and DP>Ds.The H polarization submatrix feeder panel be with the V poliarizing antennas substrate
Medium line on two adjacent feeders of H polarized array units is symmetrical arranged.
The radial parallel two-conductor line that a section is radially extended using its center as starting point, singly is provided with each H polarized arrays unit
48, and open metallization VIA 58, the upper conductor 481 and lower conductor of radial parallel two-conductor line 48 on H polarization submatrixs feeder panel 50
482 connect the inboard wire and outboard wire of feeder panel parallel double conducting wire, the one end of metallization VIA 58 connection H polarization submatrixs respectively
One side conductor of feeder panel 50, the other end of metallization VIA 58 then connect a circular pad, and pad periphery is provided with isolation pad,
Circular pad is set to keep apart with 50 another side conductor of H polarization submatrixs feeder panel.
Fed in the apex drive point 23 of V poliarizing antennas 20 by the use of a coaxial cable as total feed cable 71, always
Feed cable 71 is along the inner side of V poliarizing antennas substrate 10 towards downward cabling to its bottom position, two isometric coaxial cables 73
One end connects the distributing point 56 of H polarized array units respectively, and the other end connects transforming section cable 72 by feeding groove, then connected
Total feed cable 71；All feed cables 71~73 are located at the outside of H polarization submatrixs feeder panel 50 and the inner side of V poliarizing antennas 20
Between, it is almost parallel with the cabling of total feed cable 71 of V polarization, and also arrive the bottom position of pcb board.
The present invention is by using following special design methods：1) by V/H polarized arrays longitudinal direction nesting arrangement, make antenna total
Height reduction half；2) V polarization is designed to that the series feed integral type in center prints layered transducer elements；3) H polarization uses diameter about
The quaternary printing Alford loop antennas of half wavelength；4) multiple Alford ring elements, which are arranged above and below, forms line array, three units
Fed for one group and with pcb board, form a submatrix；5) each submatrix is merged into a high-gain array with coaxial cable.It is logical
Above-mentioned measure is crossed, antenna is in 2.4GHz WLAN frequency ranges (2.4~2.5GHz, BW=4.082%), the λ of diameter 0.38C, height
2.62·λCElectric yardstick on realize G=8~8.5dBi high-gain H/V dual polarised radiations, good impedance matching (VSWR
<1.35,1.20) minimum reaches, and relative bandwidth is up to 4.082%；Preferable horizontal omnidirectional directional diagram, out-of-roundness are less than 2.5dBi,
Greatest irradiation points to horizontal direction；13.5~15.5 ° of vertical plane (E faces) half-power beam width；Excellent polarity diversity MIMO
Effect, two-port isolation are better than -30dB；Simple feeding network design, reduces loss, improves efficiency (>=90%),
Reduce cost, improve productibility.Also, the design it is short and small it is portable, bear that power is big, economy and durability, be to be adapted to open air
The preferred scheme of wireless WIFI antennas.In addition, this method also has thinking novelty, clear principle, method pervasive, simple and easy etc.
Feature, broadband or multifrequency H/V single polarizations or dual-polarization omnidirectional antenna optimization design for high-gain and improve and be applicable and
Effectively.
Design parameter see Figure 17~26, as described below.
Figure 17 is the input impedance Z of Miniaturization high-gain dual-polarization omnidirectional antennainFrequency characteristic.Wherein, transverse axis (X
Axle) it is frequency f, unit GHz；The longitudinal axis (Y-axis) is input impedance Zin, unit Ω；Solid line represents V polarization, and dotted line represents H poles
Change；Fair line is real part Rin, line of adding some points is imaginary part Xin。
Figure 18 is the reflectance factor of Miniaturization high-gain dual-polarization omnidirectional antenna | S11| curve.Wherein, transverse axis (X-axis) is frequency
Rate f, unit GHz；The longitudinal axis (Y-axis) is S11Amplitude | S11|, unit dB；Solid line polarizes for V, and dotted line polarizes for H.By scheming
Know, whole 2.3-2.60G frequency ranges realize good impedance matching (| S11|≤- 10dB, bandwidth is more than 12.25%；Optimal
Match somebody with somebody | S11|≤-28dB@2.44GHz)。
Figure 19 is the standing-wave ratio VSWR of Miniaturization high-gain dual-polarization omnidirectional antenna.Wherein, transverse axis (X-axis) is frequency f, single
Position is GHz；The longitudinal axis (Y-axis) is VSWR；Solid line polarizes for V, and dotted line polarizes for H.Known by figure, it is real in whole 2.3-2.60G frequency ranges
Having showed good impedance matching, (VSWR≤2.0, bandwidth is more than 12.25%；The@2.44GHz of best match VSWR≤1.08).
Figure 20 is Miniaturization high-gain dual-polarization omnidirectional antenna in f1=2.40GHz 2D directional diagrams.Wherein, fine rule represents
H- faces (Theta=90 °, XOY plane), thick line represent E- faces (Phi=0 °, YOZ planes)；Solid line polarizes for V, and dotted line is H poles
Change；V/H polarized gains and E faces ripple are wide respectively：G=9.05/8.36dBi, HPBW=15.65 °/13.27 °.
Figure 21 is Miniaturization high-gain dual-polarization omnidirectional antenna in f2=2.45GHz 2D directional diagrams.Wherein, fine rule represents
H- faces (Theta=90 °, XOY plane), thick line represent E- faces (Phi=0 °, YOZ planes)；Solid line polarizes for V, and dotted line is H poles
Change；V/H polarized gains and E faces ripple are wide respectively：G=9.12/8.35dBi, HPBW=14.44 °/12.98 °.
Figure 22 is Miniaturization high-gain dual-polarization omnidirectional antenna in f3=2.50GHz 2D directional diagrams.Wherein, fine rule represents
H- faces (Theta=90 °, XOY plane), thick line represent E- faces (Phi=0 °, YOZ planes)；Solid line polarizes for V, and dotted line is H poles
Change；V/H polarized gains and E faces ripple are wide respectively：G=9.08/8.50dBi, HPBW=14.56 °/12.42 °.
Figure 23 is the real gain G of Miniaturization high-gain dual-polarization omnidirectional antennaRWith frequency f change curves.Wherein, transverse axis (X
Axle) it is frequency f, unit GHz；The longitudinal axis (Y-axis) is gain G, unit dBi；Solid line polarizes for V, and dotted line polarizes for H.By scheming
Know, in whole 2.3~2.6GHz frequency bands, the real gain of V/H polarization is all higher, is respectively：GR=8.58~9.12dBi, GR=
8.0~9.0dBi.
Figure 24 is that the vertical plane half-power beam width HPBW of Miniaturization high-gain dual-polarization omnidirectional antenna changes with frequency f
Curve.Wherein, solid line polarizes for V, and dotted line polarizes for H.Known by figure, in whole 2.3~2.6GHz frequency bands, V/H polarization is real to be increased
Yidu is higher, the half-power beam width scope of vertical plane：HPBW=13.42 °~15.67 ° (E faces, V polarization), 12 °~
13.78 ° (H faces, H polarization).
Figure 25 is the horizontal plane out-of-roundness of Miniaturization high-gain dual-polarization omnidirectional antenna with frequency f change curves.Wherein, it is real
Line polarizes for V, and dotted line polarizes for H.Known by figure, in whole 2.3~2.6GHz frequency bands, the horizontal plane out-of-roundness point of V/H polarization
Not little Yu 3.0dB and 0.75dB, azimuth plane uniformity of radiation is preferable.
Figure 26 is the efficiency eta of Miniaturization high-gain dual-polarization omnidirectional antennaAWith frequency f change curves.Wherein, solid line V
Polarization, dotted line polarize for H.Known by figure, in whole 2.4~2.5GHz frequency bands, the efficiency of V/H poliarizing antennas is respectively 83%~
96%th, 96%~98%, efficiency is higher.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention is these are only, is not limited to or limits the present invention.For grinding for this area
Study carefully or technical staff for, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles of the invention, made
Any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements etc., it should be included within the protection domain that the present invention is stated.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of Miniaturization high-gain dual-polarization omnidirectional antenna, it is characterised in that it includes V poliarizing antennas, H polarization group battle arrays day
Line, H polarization submatrix feeder panels,
The V poliarizing antennas include the M half-wave dipoles being located on V poliarizing antenna substrates and connect the V polarization day of half-wave dipole
Line feeder line,
The H polarization groups array antenna includes the H polarized array units of N number of arranged in parallel group of battle array, and the H polarized arrays unit includes medium
Disk, X H polarization oscillator is provided with the circumference of dielectric disk, and connects the H poliarizing antenna feeder lines of H polarization oscillators,
H polarization submatrix feeder panels are fed to the H polarized array units,
The V poliarizing antennas are set in parallel in the outside of H polarization submatrix feeder panels, the H polarized arrays unit and H polarization submatrixs
Feeder panel, the V poliarizing antennas are intersecting to be set,
Wherein M, N, X are the natural number more than or equal to 1.
2. Miniaturization high-gain dual-polarization omnidirectional antenna as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the V poliarizing antennas include
The array of five unit half-wave dipoles composition, each half-wave dipole include the U-shaped for being respectively printed at V poliarizing antenna substrate upper and lower surfaces
Symmetrical upper arm and underarm.
3. Miniaturization high-gain dual-polarization omnidirectional antenna as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the H polarization group array antennas
Include the array of six equidistant coaxial H polarized arrays unit compositions, six cell arrays are divided into two of Unit three up and down
H polarization submatrix feeder panel feeds are respectively adopted in battle array, about two three unit submatrixs, and two H polarization submatrix feeder panels are coplanar vertically
Place, the H polarized array units with about two three unit submatrixs intersect vertically respectively.
4. the Miniaturization high-gain dual-polarization omnidirectional antenna as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterised in that the H polarizes
Oscillator is circular arc oscillator or broken line oscillator or straight line oscillator or Curve Dipole, and quantity X span is 3~6.
5. the Miniaturization high-gain dual-polarization omnidirectional antenna as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterised in that the medium
Disk diameter span is 0.35 λC~0.75 λC, wherein λCCentered on wavelength.
6. the Miniaturization high-gain dual-polarization omnidirectional antenna as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterised in that Mei Geban
Ripple oscillator total length is (0.3 λC~0.5 λC, wherein λCCentered on wavelength, the breadth length ratio of the half-wave dipole of the V poliarizing antennas is
0.15~0.35.
7. the Miniaturization high-gain dual-polarization omnidirectional antenna as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterised in that the V polarizes
Feeder is parallel two-conductor feeder line, is set along array direction, includes the wide transforming section of more piece Length discrepancy of cascade, the H
Poliarizing antenna feeder line is fed using parallel double conducting wire, and the center of circle of parallel double conducting wire from dielectric disk is diametrically extending to each pair
H polarization oscillator center, includes the not wide conductor segment of more piece of cascade, and H polarization submatrix feeder panels include feeder panel medium base
Plate, electroplax medium substrate are provided with feeder panel parallel double conducting wire, and the feeder panel parallel double conducting wire includes the more piece Length discrepancy of cascade
Wide transforming section.
8. Miniaturization high-gain dual-polarization omnidirectional antenna as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that in H poliarizing antenna feeder lines
Junction of second, third section conductor segment be provided with laterally short-circuit minor matters, the end of the short-circuit minor matters of transverse direction is to metallize
Hole, adjacent two horizontal short-circuit minor matters are in opposite direction, and the breadth length ratio of the horizontal short-circuit minor matters is 0.01~0.05.
9. Miniaturization high-gain dual-polarization omnidirectional antenna as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that H polarization submatrix feeds
Plate and H polarization group array antenna central axis distances Ds, and positioned at the side without laterally short-circuit minor matters, V poliarizing antenna distances H
The central axis of polarization group array antenna is DP, the V poliarizing antennas substrate is located at the same of the central axis of H polarization group array antennas
Side, and DP>Ds。
10. Miniaturization high-gain dual-polarization omnidirectional antenna as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that in each H polarized arrays list
Member is provided with the radial parallel two-conductor line that a section is radially extended using its center as starting point, singly, the upper conductor of radial parallel two-conductor line
Connect the inboard wire and outboard wire of feeder panel parallel double conducting wire respectively with lower conductor.
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| CN201710671364.6A CN107611601B (en) | 2017-08-08 | 2017-08-08 | Miniaturized high-gain dual-polarized omnidirectional antenna |
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| CN108598699A (en) * | 2018-05-16 | 2018-09-28 | 广东通宇通讯股份有限公司 | Vertical polarization full-wave dipole array antenna and directional radiation antenna |
| CN109088169A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2018-12-25 | 广东通宇通讯股份有限公司 | Super-wide band high-gain horizontally polarized omnidirectional antenna |
| WO2019205063A1 (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2019-10-31 | 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 | Antenna and signal processing device for unmanned aerial vehicle |
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| CN107611601B (en) | 2023-11-24 |
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