CN108539429B - Broadband omnidirectional oblique polarization antenna for metal carrier - Google Patents
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- CN108539429B CN108539429B CN201810280637.9A CN201810280637A CN108539429B CN 108539429 B CN108539429 B CN 108539429B CN 201810280637 A CN201810280637 A CN 201810280637A CN 108539429 B CN108539429 B CN 108539429B
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- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 105
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters
- H01Q15/242—Polarisation converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
- Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
Abstract
A broadband omnidirectional oblique polarization antenna for a metal carrier belongs to the technical field of wireless communication. The oblique polarization antenna comprises a single-cone antenna and a hollow cylindrical oblique polarizer positioned outside the single-cone antenna, wherein the axis of the single-cone antenna is overlapped with that of the hollow cylindrical oblique polarizer, and the distance between the single-cone antenna and the hollow cylindrical oblique polarizer is 0.1 lambda0～0.3λ0(ii) a The hollow cylindrical oblique polarizer comprises n layers of coaxial polarization grids, wherein each layer of polarization grid is composed of metal strips which are covered on the side surface of the hollow dielectric cylinder and arranged in parallel, the n layers of polarization grids are sequentially represented as the 1 st, 2 nd, … th and n layers of polarization grids from inside to outside, included angles between the metal strips in the 1 st, 2 nd, … th and n layers of polarization grids and the floor of the single-cone antenna are sequentially 0, and theta is sequentially equal to theta1，θ2…，θn‑2，θn‑1Wherein, thetan‑10 at 40-60 DEG<θ1<θ2<….<θn‑2<θn‑1. The broadband omnidirectional radiation electromagnetic wave is generated by the single-cone antenna, and the vertically polarized electromagnetic wave is twisted into the obliquely polarized electromagnetic wave by the grounded oblique polarizer, so that the broadband omnidirectional radiation electromagnetic wave has the characteristics of broadband and omnidirectional radiation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wireless communication, and particularly relates to a broadband omnidirectional oblique polarization antenna for a metal carrier.
Background
In wireless communication, an antenna is mainly used for radiating an electric signal in a transmitter into free space or converting an electromagnetic wave signal in the space into an electric signal to be transmitted to a receiver. The transmitting antenna mainly controls the power distribution of the electromagnetic wave in free space, the polarization mode of the electromagnetic wave, and the like, and the processing of the signal is completed by other modules in the communication system. With the rapid development of electronic technology and the continuous change of electromagnetic signal environment, the requirements on the antenna are higher and higher, and on the basis of receiving and transmitting signals, higher requirements on a directional diagram, gain, polarization, bandwidth and the like of the antenna are also provided. In some application environments, such as indoor base stations and mobile targets (unmanned aerial vehicles and the like), omnidirectional requirements are provided for directional diagrams of antennas, and meanwhile, in order to enhance adaptability of equipment to complex electromagnetic propagation environments and detection capabilities of different incoming wave polarization modes, requirements for oblique polarization are provided for the antennas, namely horizontal polarization and vertical polarization can be covered at the same time. Due to the limitation of the installation space to the number of the antennas, the increasing data transmission quantity requirement, compatibility and other conditions, the requirement on the bandwidth of the antennas is also put forward. A broadband obliquely-polarized omnidirectional antenna is proposed in the article "45-degree obliquely-polarized omnidirectional antenna design", which realizes omnidirectional radiation and broadband obliquely-polarized electromagnetic waves, but the antenna cannot be applied to the surface of a metal carrier.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a broadband omnidirectional obliquely polarized antenna for a metal carrier, which can generate an obliquely polarized electromagnetic wave having omnidirectional radiation, an obliquely polarized polarization mode, a good out-of-roundness index, and a broadband.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a broadband all-direction oblique polarization antenna for a metal carrier comprises a single-cone antenna and a hollow cylindrical oblique polarizer located on the outer side of the single-cone antenna, wherein the axis of the single-cone antenna coincides with that of the hollow cylindrical oblique polarizer, and the distance between the single-cone antenna and the hollow cylindrical oblique polarizer is 0.1 lambda0～0.3λ0，λ0The wavelength is the free space wavelength corresponding to the central frequency of the working frequency band;
the hollow cylindrical oblique polarizer comprises n layers of coaxial polarization grids, wherein each layer of polarization grid consists of metal strips which are covered on the side surface of a hollow medium cylinder and are arranged in parallelThe n layers of polarization grids are sequentially represented as the 1 st, 2 nd, … th and n layers of polarization grids from inside to outside, the included angles between the metal strips in the 1 st, 2 nd, … th and n layers of polarization grids and the floor of the single-cone antenna are 0 in sequence, and theta is equal to theta1，θ2….，θn-2，θn-1Wherein, theta n-10 at 40-60 DEG<θ1<θ2<….<θn-2<θn-1N is a positive integer greater than 1; the distance between adjacent polarization grids is 0.1 lambda0～0.3λ0And the height of the hollow cylindrical oblique polarizer is greater than that of the single-cone antenna.
Further, the diameter of the floor of the single-cone antenna is larger than that of the bottom surface of the hollow cylindrical oblique polarizer, and the single-cone antenna is used for generating the electromagnetic waves radiated in all directions.
Furthermore, each layer of polarization grid covers the side surface of the hollow dielectric cylinder, namely the hollow dielectric cylinder is filled between two adjacent layers of polarization grids, and the thickness of the hollow dielectric cylinder between two adjacent layers of polarization grids is 0.1 lambda0～0.3λ0(namely the distance between two layers of polarization grids), and the relative dielectric constant of the hollow dielectric cylinder is 2-4.
Further, in each layer of polarization grid, the distance between adjacent metal strips is 0.032 lambda0～0.08λ0The width of the metal strip is 0.032 lambda0～0.08λ0。
Furthermore, each layer of polarization grating in the hollow cylindrical oblique polarizer is electrically contacted with the floor of the single-cone antenna (namely the hollow cylindrical oblique polarizer is grounded), the influence of the oblique polarizer on the single-cone antenna is reduced by improving the surface current distribution of the oblique polarizer, and the polarization performance of the oblique polarizer and the radiation performance of the antenna are further improved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a broadband omnidirectional oblique polarization antenna for a metal carrier, which generates broadband omnidirectional radiation electromagnetic waves through a single-cone antenna, twists vertically polarized electromagnetic waves into obliquely polarized electromagnetic waves through a grounded oblique polarizer and has the characteristics of broadband and omnidirectional radiation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram (a) of the overall structure of a broadband omnidirectional obliquely-polarized antenna for a metal carrier and a cross-sectional view (b) of a single-cone antenna according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a layer 1 polarization grid of 0 degree in the example;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a layer 2 20 degree polarization grating in an example;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a layer 3 40 degree polarization grating in an example;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a layer 4 60-degree polarization grating in an example;
fig. 6 is a top view (a) and a side view (b) of the obliquely polarized antenna obtained in the embodiment;
FIG. 7 shows S of a slant polarization antenna obtained in the example11Testing results;
fig. 8 is a directional diagram of a slant polarization antenna obtained by the embodiment;
FIG. 9 shows an example of a slant polarization antenna
And
and (6) testing results.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is detailed below by combining the accompanying drawings and the embodiment.
A broadband omnidirectional oblique polarization antenna for metal carrier comprises a single-cone antenna and a hollow cylindrical oblique polarizer positioned on the outer side of the single-cone antenna, wherein the axis of the single-cone antenna coincides with that of the hollow cylindrical oblique polarizer, and the distance between the top edge of the single-cone antenna and the hollow cylindrical oblique polarizer is 0.1 lambda0～0.3λ0，λ0The wavelength is the free space wavelength corresponding to the central frequency of the working frequency band;
the hollow cylindrical oblique polarizer comprises n layers of coaxial polarization grids, wherein each layer of polarization grid is composed of a plurality of metal strips which are covered on the side surface of a hollow medium cylinder and arranged in parallelThe N layers of polarization grids are sequentially represented as 1 st, 2 nd, … th and n layers of polarization grids in the direction away from the single-cone antenna, the included angles between the metal strips in the 1 st, 2 nd, … th and n layers of polarization grids and the floor of the single-cone antenna are sequentially 0, and theta is sequentially equal to theta1，θ2….，θn-2，θn-1Wherein, theta n-10 at 40-60 DEG<θ1<θ2<….<θn-2<θn-1N is a positive integer greater than 1; the distance between adjacent polarization grids is 0.1 lambda0～0.3λ0And the height of the hollow cylindrical oblique polarizer is greater than that of the single-cone antenna.
Further, the diameter of the floor of the single cone antenna is larger than that of the bottom surface of the hollow cylindrical oblique polarizer, and the single cone antenna is used for generating the electromagnetic waves radiated in all directions.
Furthermore, each layer of polarization grid covers the side surface of the hollow dielectric cylinder, namely the hollow dielectric cylinder is filled between two adjacent layers of polarization grids, and the thickness of the hollow dielectric cylinder between two adjacent layers of polarization grids is 0.1 lambda0～0.3λ0(namely the distance between two layers of polarization grids), and the relative dielectric constant of the hollow dielectric cylinder is 2-4.
Further, in each layer of polarization grid, the distance between adjacent metal strips is 0.032 lambda0～0.08λ0The width of the metal strip is 0.032 lambda0～0.08λ0。
Furthermore, each layer of polarization grating in the hollow cylindrical oblique polarizer is electrically contacted with the floor of the single-cone antenna (namely the hollow cylindrical oblique polarizer is grounded), the influence of the oblique polarizer on the single-cone antenna is reduced by improving the surface current distribution of the oblique polarizer, and the polarization performance of the oblique polarizer and the radiation performance of the antenna are further improved.
Examples
A broadband all-direction oblique polarization antenna for a metal carrier comprises two parts, namely a single-cone antenna and a hollow cylindrical oblique polarizer positioned outside the single-cone antenna, as shown in figure 1 (a);
as shown in fig. 1(b), a cross-sectional view of the single cone antenna; the single-cone antenna is made of copper, the height of the single-cone antenna is 21mm, the upper radius of the single-cone antenna is 11.5mm, the lower radius of the single-cone antenna is 1mm, the diameter of the floor is 100mm, and the single-cone antenna can generate vertical polarization electromagnetic waves with omnidirectional radiation of 6-18 GHz.
The hollow cylindrical oblique polarizer comprises 4 layers of coaxial polarization grids, each layer of polarization grid is composed of metal strips formed by copper foils which are covered on the side surface of a hollow dielectric cylinder and arranged in parallel, wherein the included angle between the metal strip in the 1 st layer of polarization grid and the floor of the single-cone antenna is 0 degree, the included angle between the metal strip in the 2 nd layer of polarization grid and the floor of the single-cone antenna is 20 degrees, the included angle between the metal strip in the 3 rd layer of polarization grid and the floor of the single-cone antenna is 40 degrees, and the included angle between the metal strip in the 4 th layer of polarization grid and the floor of the single-cone antenna is 60 degrees;
specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the structure of a part of the 1 st layer of 0 degree polarization grating is schematically illustrated, wherein the height of the 1 st layer of polarization grating is 24mm, the width of the metal strips in the polarization grating is 1.2mm, the distance between adjacent metal strips is 1.2mm, the included angle between the metal strips and the floor is 0 degree, the 0 degree polarization grating is close to the single cone antenna and the distance between the 0 degree polarization grating and the top edge of the single cone antenna is 3mm, and a polytetrafluoroethylene medium is filled between the 0 degree polarization grating and the single cone antenna.
As shown in fig. 3, the structure of a part of the 2 nd layer of 20-degree polarization grids is schematically illustrated, wherein the height of the 2 nd layer of polarization grids is 24mm, the width of metal strips in the polarization grids is 1.2mm, the distance between adjacent metal strips is 1.2mm, the included angle between the metal strips and the floor is 20 degrees, the 20-degree polarization grids are located outside the 0-degree polarization grids and have a distance of 6mm from the 0-degree polarization grids, and polytetrafluoroethylene media are filled between the 20-degree polarization grids and the 0-degree polarization grids.
As shown in fig. 4, the structure of a part of the 3 rd layer 40 degree polarization grating is schematically illustrated, wherein the height of the 3 rd layer polarization grating is 24mm, the width of the metal strips in the polarization grating is 1.2mm, the distance between adjacent metal strips is 1.2mm, the included angle between the metal strips and the floor is 40 degrees, the 40 degree polarization grating is located outside the 20 degree polarization grating and the distance between the 40 degree polarization grating and the 20 degree polarization grating is 6.5mm, and a polytetrafluoroethylene medium is filled between the 40 degree polarization grating and the 20 degree polarization grating.
As shown in fig. 5, the structural diagram of a part of the 4 th layer of 60-degree polarization grids is shown, wherein the height of the 4 th layer of polarization grids is 24mm, the width of metal strips in the polarization grids is 1.2mm, the distance between adjacent metal strips is 1.2mm, the included angle between the metal strips and the floor is 60 degrees, the 60-degree polarization grids are located outside the 40-degree polarization grids and have a distance of 5mm from the 40-degree polarization grids, and polytetrafluoroethylene media are filled between the 60-degree polarization grids and the 40-degree polarization grids.
FIG. 7 shows S of a slant polarization antenna obtained in the example11Testing results; as can be seen from the figure, the S of the antenna11The values of (A) are mostly below-10 dB and all below-7.5 dB. Fig. 8 is a directional diagram of a slant polarization antenna obtained by the embodiment; as can be seen from the figure, the out-of-roundness of the antenna pattern is good. FIG. 9 shows an example of a slant polarization antenna
And
testing results; as can be seen from the figure, the obliquely polarized antenna obtained by the embodiment can generate electromagnetic waves close to 45 degrees at most of frequency points in 6-18 GHz.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A broadband omnidirectional oblique polarization antenna for metal carrier comprises a single-cone antenna and a hollow cylindrical oblique polarizer positioned on the outer side of the single-cone antenna, wherein the axis of the single-cone antenna coincides with that of the hollow cylindrical oblique polarizer, and the distance between the top edge of the single-cone antenna and the hollow cylindrical oblique polarizer is 0.1 lambda0～0.3λ0，λ0The wavelength is the free space wavelength corresponding to the central frequency of the working frequency band;
the hollow cylindrical oblique polarizer comprises n layers of coaxial polarization grids, wherein each layer of polarization gridThe antenna consists of metal strips which are covered on the side surface of a hollow medium cylinder and are arranged in parallel, n layers of polarization grids are sequentially represented as 1 st, 2 nd, … th and n layers of polarization grids from inside to outside, included angles between the metal strips in the 1 st, 2 nd, … th and n layers of polarization grids and a floor of a single-cone antenna are 0 in sequence, and theta is equal to theta1，....，θn-1Wherein, thetan-10 at 40-60 DEG<θ1<....<θn-1N is a positive integer greater than 1; the distance between adjacent polarization grids is 0.1 lambda0～0.3λ0The height of the hollow cylindrical oblique polarizer is larger than that of the single-cone antenna, and each layer of polarization grid in the hollow cylindrical oblique polarizer is in electric contact with the floor of the single-cone antenna.
2. The broadband omnidirectional oblique-polarization antenna for metal carriers according to claim 1, wherein a diameter of the floor of the single-cone antenna is larger than a diameter of the bottom surface of the hollow cylindrical oblique polarizer.
3. The broadband full-direction slant polarization antenna for metal carrier as claimed in claim 1, wherein the distance between adjacent metal strips in each layer of polarization grating is 0.032 λ0～0.08λ0The width of the metal strip is 0.032 lambda0～0.08λ0。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810280637.9A CN108539429B (en) | 2018-03-27 | 2018-03-27 | Broadband omnidirectional oblique polarization antenna for metal carrier |
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| CN108539429B true CN108539429B (en) | 2020-08-11 |
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| CN110190384A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-08-30 | 四川九洲电器集团有限责任公司 | A kind of omni-beam figuration discone antenna |
| JP2021122089A (en) * | 2020-01-31 | 2021-08-26 | シャープ株式会社 | Communication device |
| CN113851835B (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2022-03-11 | 陕西海积信息科技有限公司 | Horizontal omnidirectional circularly polarized antenna |
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| CN106887719A (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2017-06-23 | 广东通宇通讯股份有限公司 | Minimized wide-band inclined polarization omnidirectional antenna |
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2018
- 2018-03-27 CN CN201810280637.9A patent/CN108539429B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (7)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2214717A (en) * | 1988-01-06 | 1989-09-06 | Chu Associates | Ultra-broadband linearly polarized biconical antenna |
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| Title |
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