CN106882992A - A kind of blackfungus culture medium with cassava wastes as primary raw material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of blackfungus culture medium with cassava wastes as primary raw material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106882992A CN106882992A CN201710147555.2A CN201710147555A CN106882992A CN 106882992 A CN106882992 A CN 106882992A CN 201710147555 A CN201710147555 A CN 201710147555A CN 106882992 A CN106882992 A CN 106882992A
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- cassava
- culture medium
- woodflour
- rubber
- raw material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
Abstract
The invention provides a kind of blackfungus culture medium, it is prepared from using following compositions, in percentage by weight, the component of the composition includes：Cassava stalk bits 40 80%, cassava skin 0 35%, coconut palm chaff and/or rubber-woodflour 0 25%, gypsum 0.5 2%, lime 0.5 2%.The invention also discloses the preparation method and purposes of the culture medium.The present invention is that primary raw material makes culture medium using the extremely abundant cassava wastes of torrid areas resource, coconut palm chaff and/rubber-woodflour, it is not required to add the nitrogen contents such as wheat bran, corn flour auxiliary material high again, cassava can be made full use of to cultivate discarded object, solve the wasting of resources even problem of environmental pollution, alleviate edible fungi raw materials problem in short supply again simultaneously, production cost is reduced, with good Social benefit and economic benefit.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of edible fungi production, and in particular to one kind is with cassava wastes suitable for torrid areas
Blackfungus culture medium of primary raw material and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Black fungus (Auricularia auricula-judae) is one of Chinese topmost edible mushroom, rich in albumen
Matter, fat, carbohydrate, crude fibre, multivitamin, amino acid and nucleotides, polysaccharose substance, are that a kind of medicine food is simultaneous
With, be worth mountain delicacy food higher.Its cultivating in bag has had history for many years, and extensively, cultivation mode is various for culturing raw material, raw
Product scale also progressively expands.In recent years, as mushroom industry is developed rapidly, convenient source is increasingly short, and cost of material is carried
Height directly affects the economic benefit of production, and the new cultivation matrix demand of cheap price and excellent quality is more urgent.
China's hot-zone cassava cultivated area is larger, a large amount of Cassava stalks, manioc waste, the cassava skin produced in its plantation and processing
The like waste, had both caused the huge wasting of resources, and severe contamination environment.Cassava stalk quality is loose, and C/N is 39.05, containing thick egg
White 5.1%, crude fibre 23.3%, NFE 45.5%, cassava skin in addition to rich in crude protein, crude fibre also have starch, can
Dissolubility sugar, beta carotene etc., are the good raw materials of cultivating black fungus.Using cassava wastes cultivating black fungus, can not only solve
The not enough problem of mushroom industry culture medium raw material, and reduce a large amount of discardings or burn the dirt that Cassava stalk brings to environment
Dye, simultaneously because Cassava stalk is inexpensive greatly than amount of wood, so as to greatly reduce the production cost of edible mushroom, realizes cassava by-product
The resource conversion of thing.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome deficiency of the prior art, there is provided one kind is with cassava wastes (cane, branch, wood
Potato skin) it is the blackfungus culture medium and its cultural method of primary raw material.Inventive formulation is simple, and cost of material is low, input and output
Than high, economy and environmental benefit are considerable.
The first aspect of the invention is to provide a kind of composition for preparing blackfungus culture medium, according to weight percent
Than meter, the component of the composition includes：Cassava stalk considers 40-80%, cassava skin 0-35%, coconut palm chaff and/or rubber-woodflour 0- to be worth doing
25%, gypsum 0.5-2%, lime 0.5-2%.
Preferably, in percentage by weight, the component of the composition includes：Cassava stalk considers 46-80%, cassava skin 0- to be worth doing
30%, coconut palm chaff and/or rubber-woodflour 0-20%, gypsum 0.5-2%, lime 0.5-2%.
Preferably, the content of the cassava skin is not 0.
Preferably, the content of rubber-woodflour is not 0.
It is further preferred that the content of coconut palm chaff is not 0.
The second aspect of the invention is to provide a kind of blackfungus culture medium, using the group described in present invention one side
Compound is prepared from.
Preferably, the water content of the blackfungus culture medium is 65-70%, and pH value is 7-8.
Wherein, the elm mushroom culture medium described in second aspect of the invention can be using conventional mushroom culture medium preparation side
Method is prepared from, and the present invention is not defined to this.As a citing, can adopt with the following method：
(1) Cassava stalk, branch are dried, is crushed, cassava skin is cleaned, dries, crushed, and coconut palm chaff and/or rubber-woodflour are dried；
(2) Cassava stalk bits, coconut palm chaff and/or rubber-woodflour, cassava skin are prewetted, is subsequently adding lime composting 1-2 days, added
Gypsum, adjusts humidity, pack, sterilizing.
Wherein, control culture medium material-water ratio for 1 ︰ 1.3-1.7 in step (2), pH value is 7-8.
The third aspect of the invention is to provide composition as described in the first aspect of the invention or such as the present invention
Second aspect described in application of the blackfungus culture medium in cultivating black fungus.
The fourth aspect of the invention is to provide a kind of cultural method of black fungus, using described in second aspect of the invention
Blackfungus culture medium cultivated.
The present invention is primary raw material using the extremely abundant cassava wastes of torrid areas resource, coconut palm chaff and/rubber-woodflour
Culture medium is made, is not required to add the nitrogen contents such as wheat bran, corn flour auxiliary material high again, cassava can be made full use of to cultivate discarded object,
The wasting of resources even problem of environmental pollution is solved, while alleviating edible fungi raw materials problem in short supply again, production cost is reduced, had
Good Social benefit and economic benefit.Can continuously harvest 3-4 tide agaric, dried fungus yield up to 0.05-0.06 kilograms/bag,
Biological transformation ratio more than 80%, input-output ratio 1:4.
Specific embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated, to more fully understand the present invention.
Raw material prepares：
(1) Cassava stalk bits：Fresh, no disease and pests harm after harvesting, dried without the Cassava stalk, branch for going mouldy, be ground into 5-12mm
× 5-12mm particles are standby；(2) cassava skin：Cleaning dust removal, flowing water is flushed three times, and is placed in crushing (granularity 5- after outdoor is dried
12mm × 5-12mm) it is standby；(4) other materials：Coconut palm chaff, rubber wood fragments bits etc. are tedded in advance, and shady place storage is standby.
Embodiment 1
It is suitable to torrid areas, subtropical zone and is introducing the annual 1-3 months or the 9-12 months conventional black fungus strain excellent.
In percentage by weight, the raw material of the present embodiment includes：Cassava stalk bits 68%, cassava skin 10%, coconut palm chaff 10%,
Rubber-woodflour 10%, gypsum 1%, lime 1%.
Each raw material has been weighed by formula, Cassava stalk bits, cassava skin, rubber-woodflour and coconut palm chaff need to carry the previous day and prewet, and prewet
Afterwards plus 1% lime composting 1-2 days, gypsum is subsequently adding, the spice when adding water.Water content is 65-70% after compost is mixed, and is adjusted
PH 7-8 (are adjusted) with citric acid/pulverized limestone.
Pack：Bacterium bag selects the poly- second of high density low pressure of 17cm × 33cm × 0.035cm or 22cm × 42cm × 0.035cm
Alkene bag, per 1-1.1 kilograms of sacked material, raw material is suitably compressed, filled by material after putting into bag.
Sterilizing：Autoclaving, condition is：Pressure rises to 1.02 × 105Pa (1.05kg/cm2), 121 DEG C, maintain 2-4 small
When.Gap suitably is left between pocket during sterilizing dress pot, the purpose of thorough sterilizing is reached.
Embodiment 2
It is suitable to torrid areas and introduces high temperature resistant Uricularia polytricha strain excellent in the annual 4-8 months.
The present embodiment is different raw material proportioning, in percentage by weight, the present embodiment from the difference of embodiment 1
Raw material include：Cassava stalk bits 70%, cassava skin 13%, rubber-woodflour 15%, land plaster 1%, lime 1%.
Embodiment 3
It is suitable to torrid areas, subtropical zone and is introducing the annual 1-3 months or the 9-12 months conventional black fungus strain excellent.
The present embodiment is different raw material proportioning, in percentage by weight, the present embodiment from the difference of embodiment 1
Raw material include：Cassava stalk bits 40%, cassava skin 32.5%, coconut palm chaff 15%, rubber-woodflour 10%, gypsum 0.5%, lime 2%.
Embodiment 4
It is suitable to torrid areas, subtropical zone and is introducing the annual 1-3 months or the 9-12 months conventional black fungus strain excellent.
The present embodiment is different raw material proportioning, in percentage by weight, the present embodiment from the difference of embodiment 1
Raw material include：Cassava stalk bits 80%, cassava skin 7.5%, coconut palm chaff 5%, rubber-woodflour 5%, gypsum 2%, lime 0.5%.
Embodiment 5
It is suitable to torrid areas and introduces high temperature resistant Uricularia polytricha strain excellent in the annual 4-8 months.
The present embodiment is different raw material proportioning, in percentage by weight, the present embodiment from the difference of embodiment 1
Raw material include：Cassava stalk bits 80%, cassava skin 7.5%, rubber-woodflour 10%, gypsum 2%, lime 0.5%.
Embodiment 6
It is suitable to torrid areas and introduces high temperature resistant Uricularia polytricha strain excellent in the annual 4-8 months.
The present embodiment is different raw material proportioning, in percentage by weight, the present embodiment from the difference of embodiment 1
Raw material include：Cassava stalk bits 40%, cassava skin 32.5%, rubber-woodflour 25%, gypsum 0.5%, lime 2%.
Experiment
Using the culture medium of embodiment 1, torrid areas, subtropical zone are introducing the annual 1-3 months or the 9-12 months conventional black
Agaric strain excellent.
1st, strain selection and preparation：Select pure white mycelia, robust growth, of the right age, free of contamination excellent cultivation of auricularia auricula bacterium
Kind.
1. parent species：Parent species use PDA culture medium, incubated at 25 DEG C, pure white sturdy to mycelium, and aerial hyphae is enriched
I.e. switchable original seed.
2. original seed：Conventional grain culture medium or cotton seed hulls medium culture, autoclaving 2.5-3.0 hours, inoculated and cultured
Cover with to mycelia within 25 days or so.
2nd, hair bacterium room sterilization：Selection is clean, the idle house Zuo Fajun rooms of lucifuge, and hair bacterium room needs to carry out before the use thorough
Sterilize at bottom.Fumigating system or spraying disinfection method may be selected, fumigating system is mainly used in the preferable bacterium room of degree of closure, if bacterium room sealing journey
Degree is poor, can use spraying disinfection method.Fumigation often has formaldehyde, potassium permanganate, Cosan and special aerosol etc. with medicament.
Corner edge, center respectively select several places to put medicine position in hair bacterium room, carry out safeguard measure, from inner outside, when putting, finally
Door is closed, sealing rear venting ventilation in stifling 24-48 hours.
3rd, inoculated and cultured：Planting material temperature drop to less than 30 DEG C, inoculated and cultured under aseptic condition, inoculum concentration is with every bag cultivating kind
(specification 27cm × 33cm) connects 30-35 bags and is advisable.
Hair tube is managed：
1. bag is arranged：According to temperature just, bacterium bag disposing way is determined.During temperature >=20 DEG C, bacterium bag is with " # " type row arrangement two
On layer laying rack, during 18 DEG C of temperature ＜, bacterium bag 3-4 layer single to put, and relative air humidity 70% during bacterium is sent out in half-light culture
Left and right, bacterium bag temperature is controlled at 22-25 DEG C all the time.
2. turning picks miscellaneous：Start to check for living contaminants situation after inoculation 3-4d, 7-8d carries out the 1st turning, after
Every 7d turnings 1 time, check every time, reject pollution bacterium bag, and process in time.
3. each ventilation sooner or later once, 0.5 hour every time.Mycelia sprouts the initial stage：Temperature keeps 20 DEG C -22 DEG C, air phase
To humidity 55%-60%.Mycelium it is long to pocket 1/3 when, temperature control keeps air humidity 60-65% at 25 DEG C or so.
The bacteria later stage：Temperature is down to 10-22 DEG C again, though such mycelial growth comparing is slow, and it is healthy and strong strong, pure white.
4th, punching and vernalization management：After mycelia purseful long, continue to cultivate 1 week, be transferred to aeration stage.Using 2%-5%'s
Liquor potassic permanganate is sterilized to bacterium rod surface, perforating tool.Typically open " 1 ", " Y " or " O " shape osculum, opening diameter 0.3-
0.4cm, open amount 180-220.Below 25 DEG C of cultivation temperature, relative air humidity 80% or so, astigmatism is irradiated and daily
Ventilation, continue 5-7 days, make bacterium bag mycelia seal produce agaric mouth, i.e., tramline is formed, can hanging bag carry out ear management.
5th, place election and scaffolding structure：Cultivation area selection ventilation and lighting it is good, have abundant water resources, it is clean, surrounding is dirty
Dye source is few, not water, do not sink, the plot of Land leveling.Three-dimensional Pig greenhouse can be built with steel frame construction.Greenhouse span 8-12
Rice, depending on length is according to cultivation area and cultivation quantity, general to require to be south-north direction, both sides are opened the door, and more than gate-width rice, are beneficial to
Humidity in ventilation and reduction canopy.Canopy is high 3-3.5 meters, shoulder height 1.8-2 meters or so.The all 1 layer of modelings of covering of greenhouse top and surrounding
Material film, adds a cover sunshade net on plastic foil.
6th, facility and disinfected in canopy：Rack-mounted two of canopy inside casing is one group of cross bar, for fixing peg.Peg spacing
25-30 centimetres, the passage apart from 60-70 centimetres is stayed between every group.In the upper and lower each paving water spraying pipeline 1 of passage, top dress atomization
Shower nozzle, bottom fills micro- spray water belt.From less than 20 centimetres, in the ranks distance is less than 25 centimetres to pocket position between bag.30-50 lis from the ground of bacterium bag
Rice or so, beneficial to ventilation, improves yield.Before hanging bag, one layer of quick lime is spread on ground, with the closed sterilization of sulfur fumigation.
7th, ear management：At 20-25 DEG C, black fungus growth period is to the management of moisture in line with " after first doing for temperature of shed control
The principle of wet, alternation of wetting and drying ", space humidity is maintained at 80%-85% in canopy.Produce agaric early stage is at least poured 5-6 times daily, and every time 10
Minute.Mid-term is watered 3-4 times daily, 20 minutes or so every time.Later stage agaric to water the need for it is more, water 5-6 times daily, often
Secondary 25 minutes.
8th, harvest：When auricle grows to 3-5 centimetres, can just be harvested when sagging in one's ear.After harvesting agaric, by the plastics of greenhouse
Film and sunshade net volume shine bag 5d or so to ceiling, and then rewater management, i.e. " dry dry and wet is wet " water management.
3-4 damp mushrooms can be continuously harvested, dried fungus yield up to 50-60 grams/bag, up to more than 80% throw by biological transformation ratio
Enter output ratio 1:4.
Specific embodiment of the invention has been described in detail above, but it is intended only as example, and the present invention is not limited
It is formed on particular embodiments described above.To those skilled in the art, any equivalent modifications carried out to the present invention and
Replacement is also all among scope of the invention.Therefore, the impartial conversion made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and
Modification, all should be contained within the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of composition for preparing blackfungus culture medium, it is characterised in that in percentage by weight, the composition
Component include：Cassava stalk considers 40-80%, cassava skin 0-35%, coconut palm chaff and/or rubber-woodflour 0-25%, gypsum 0.5-2% to be worth doing,
Lime 0.5-2%.
2. composition according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in percentage by weight, the component of the composition
Including：Cassava stalk considers 46-80%, cassava skin 0-30%, coconut palm chaff and/or rubber-woodflour 0-20%, gypsum 0.5-2%, lime to be worth doing
0.5-2%.
3. composition according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that the content of the cassava skin is not 0.
4. composition according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that the content of rubber-woodflour is not 0.
5. composition according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the content of coconut palm chaff is not 0.
6. a kind of blackfungus culture medium, it is characterised in that prepared using the composition described in any one in claim 1-4 and
Into.
7. blackfungus culture medium according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the water content of the blackfungus culture medium is
65-70%, pH value is 7-8.
8. composition or blackfungus culture medium as claimed in claims 6 or 7 as described in any one in claim 1-5
Application in cultivating black fungus.
9. a kind of cultural method of black fungus, it is characterised in that entered using blackfungus culture medium as claimed in claims 6 or 7
Row cultivation.
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| CN201710147555.2A CN106882992A (en) | 2017-03-13 | 2017-03-13 | A kind of blackfungus culture medium with cassava wastes as primary raw material and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107231945A (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2017-10-10 | 松桃苗族自治县继梅养殖专业合作社 | A kind of cultural method of agaric |
| CN108901613A (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2018-11-30 | 佛山市三水区嘉信农业技术研究院（普通合伙） | A kind of compost of long root mushroom and its application as overburden soil |
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| CN103880527A (en) * | 2014-03-14 | 2014-06-25 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院微生物研究所 | Edible fungus culture medium with pure cassava wastes as main raw materials as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN104509368A (en) * | 2013-10-08 | 2015-04-15 | 俸祥仁 | Method for cultivating fungi through cassava stalks |
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2017
- 2017-03-13 CN CN201710147555.2A patent/CN106882992A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104509368A (en) * | 2013-10-08 | 2015-04-15 | 俸祥仁 | Method for cultivating fungi through cassava stalks |
| CN103880527A (en) * | 2014-03-14 | 2014-06-25 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院微生物研究所 | Edible fungus culture medium with pure cassava wastes as main raw materials as well as preparation method and application thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107231945A (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2017-10-10 | 松桃苗族自治县继梅养殖专业合作社 | A kind of cultural method of agaric |
| CN108901613A (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2018-11-30 | 佛山市三水区嘉信农业技术研究院（普通合伙） | A kind of compost of long root mushroom and its application as overburden soil |
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