CN106857077A - A kind of Seedling bag/pot for growing seedlings filling movement system device - Google Patents
A kind of Seedling bag/pot for growing seedlings filling movement system device Download PDFInfo
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- CN106857077A CN106857077A CN201710203019.XA CN201710203019A CN106857077A CN 106857077 A CN106857077 A CN 106857077A CN 201710203019 A CN201710203019 A CN 201710203019A CN 106857077 A CN106857077 A CN 106857077A
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 55
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000008935 nutritious Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004382 potting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 22
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241001478315 Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/08—Devices for filling-up flower-pots or pots for seedlings; Devices for setting plants or seeds in pots
- A01G9/081—Devices for filling-up pots
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/08—Devices for filling-up flower-pots or pots for seedlings; Devices for setting plants or seeds in pots
- A01G9/088—Handling or transferring pots
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/40—Afforestation or reforestation
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种育苗袋/育苗钵装填转运系统装置,包括装填转运车、装填机和外接送土装置,装填转运车包括装填转运车主体,装填转运车主体上设置有轮子和推把,还包括活动翻板装置和盖板,所述装填转运车主体内设置有多个隔板,所述活动翻板装置用于在装填时托起育苗袋/育苗钵,在装填完毕后卸下育苗袋/育苗钵;所述外接送土装置用于通过连接板将营养土输送到盖板上表面;所述装填机包括机架和连接板,所述机架上设置有传动装置,所述传动装置上安装有多个刮板,所述传送装置用于带动刮板沿着平行于盖板上表面的方向移动。本发明可实现育苗袋和育苗钵装填的机械化操作,降低用户的劳动强度,提高了工作效率,节省了劳动成本,提高了经济效益。
The invention relates to a system device for filling and transporting seedling bags/pots, which includes a filling and transporting vehicle, a filling machine and an external soil delivery device. The filling and transporting vehicle includes a main body of the filling and transporting vehicle. It includes a movable flap device and a cover plate, and a plurality of partitions are arranged in the main body of the filling transfer vehicle. The movable flap device is used to hold up the seedling bag/pot during filling, and unload the seedling bag/pot after filling. Seedling pot; the external soil delivery device is used to transport the nutrient soil to the upper surface of the cover plate through the connecting plate; the filling machine includes a frame and a connecting plate, and the frame is provided with a transmission device, and A plurality of scrapers are installed, and the conveying device is used to drive the scrapers to move along a direction parallel to the upper surface of the cover plate. The invention can realize the mechanized operation of filling seedling bags and seedling pots, reduce the labor intensity of users, improve work efficiency, save labor costs and improve economic benefits.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及农业机械中果树育苗机械化领域,具体涉及一种育苗袋/育苗钵装填转运系统装置,适用于的育苗袋/育苗钵的装载、排列和运输。The invention relates to the mechanization field of fruit tree seedling raising in agricultural machinery, in particular to a seedling bag/pot filling and transporting system device, which is suitable for loading, arranging and transporting the seedling bag/pot.
背景技术Background technique
黄龙病等病害导致大量染病果树的被迫被砍伐,急需繁育大量苗木,育苗过程中育苗袋/育苗钵的装土和运输环节劳动强度较大。传统的装土方式以人工装填为主,然后以人工转场,费时费力。因此,研发一种装填和转运育苗袋/育苗钵的工具非常必要。Huanglongbing and other diseases have led to the forced cutting of a large number of infected fruit trees, and there is an urgent need to breed a large number of seedlings. The labor-intensive links of filling and transporting seedling bags/pots during seedling raising are relatively labor-intensive. The traditional way of filling soil is mainly manual filling, and then manual transfer, which is time-consuming and laborious. Therefore, it is very necessary to develop a tool for filling and transferring seedling bags/pots.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种省时省力,方便操作的育苗袋/育苗钵装填转运系统装置。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a time-saving, labor-saving, and easy-to-operate seedling bag/pot filling and transporting system device.
本发明解决上述技术问题的技术方案如下:The technical scheme that the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above is as follows:
一种育苗袋/育苗钵装填转运系统装置,包括装填转运车、装填机和外接送土装置,所述装填转运车包括装填转运车主体,所述装填转运车主体上设置有轮子和推把,还包括活动翻板装置和盖板,所述装填转运车主体包括封闭式围板和隔板,所述封闭式围板内设置有多个隔板,所述活动翻板装置用于在装填时托起育苗袋/育苗钵,在装填完毕后卸下育苗袋/育苗钵,所述盖板覆盖在装填转运车主体上表面;A seedling bag/seedling pot filling and transferring system device, comprising a filling and transferring vehicle, a filling machine and an external soil delivery device, the filling and transferring vehicle includes a main body of the filling and transferring vehicle, and the main body of the filling and transferring vehicle is provided with wheels and a push handle, It also includes a movable flap device and a cover plate, the main body of the loading transfer vehicle includes a closed enclosure and a partition, and a plurality of partitions are arranged in the closed enclosure, and the movable flap device is used for loading Hold up the seedling bag/bowl, unload the bag/pot after filling, and cover the upper surface of the main body of the loading transfer vehicle with the cover plate;
所述外接送土装置用于通过连接板将营养土输送到盖板上表面;The external soil delivery device is used to transport the nutrient soil to the upper surface of the cover plate through the connecting plate;
所述装填机包括机架和连接板,装填时,所述装填转运车位于所述连接板下方,所述连接板一端固定在机架上,另一端连接外接出土装置,所述机架上设置有传动装置,所述传动装置上安装有多个刮板,所述传送装置用于带动刮板沿着平行于盖板上表面的方向移动,所述刮板用于沿着盖板上表面推动外接送土装置输送的营养土。The filling machine includes a frame and a connecting plate. When loading, the loading transfer vehicle is located under the connecting plate. One end of the connecting plate is fixed on the frame, and the other end is connected to an external excavation device. There is a transmission device, and a plurality of scrapers are installed on the transmission device, and the transmission device is used to drive the scraper to move along a direction parallel to the upper surface of the cover plate, and the scraper is used to push along the upper surface of the cover plate The nutrient soil delivered by the external soil delivery device.
本发明的有益效果为:本发明的育苗袋/育苗钵装填转运系统装置操作方便,一人即可操作,可根据需要设计隔间的大小的和数量,隔间内放置配套的育苗袋/育苗钵,可同时对多个育苗袋/育苗钵进行装填,装填机上移动的刮板可使所有育苗袋/育苗钵均能被灌满营养土,本发明的装土速度快,多台装填转运车可共用一台装填机,交错时间装填,可进一步提高工作效率,装填完毕后,通过连杆调节装置对翻板进行控制,翻板打开后,装填好的育苗袋/育苗钵在重力作用下自动掉落,可实现自动卸载。本发明可实现育苗袋/育苗钵装填的机械化操作,降低用户的劳动强度,提高了工作效率,节省了劳动成本,提高了经济效益。The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the seedling bag/bowl filling and transporting system device of the present invention is easy to operate and can be operated by one person, the size and quantity of compartments can be designed according to needs, and matching seedling bags/pots are placed in the compartments , multiple seedling bags/pots can be filled at the same time, and the moving scraper on the filling machine can make all the bags/pots be filled with nutrient soil. The soil loading speed of the present invention is fast, and multiple filling transfer vehicles can Sharing one filling machine and filling at staggered times can further improve work efficiency. After the filling is completed, the turning plate is controlled by the connecting rod adjustment device. After the turning plate is opened, the filled seedling bag/pot will fall automatically under the action of gravity. It can realize automatic unloading. The invention can realize the mechanized operation of filling the seedling bag/pot, reduces the labor intensity of the user, improves the work efficiency, saves the labor cost and improves the economic benefit.
进一步的,所述传送装置具体包括链轮和与链轮配合的链条,所述链轮设置在机架两端,所述刮板固定在链条上,所述链轮由电机驱动。Further, the transmission device specifically includes a sprocket and a chain matched with the sprocket, the sprocket is arranged at both ends of the frame, the scraper is fixed on the chain, and the sprocket is driven by a motor.
采用上述进一步方案的有益效果为:链条可带动挡板循环移动,对营养土进行循环刮填。The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is that the chain can drive the baffle to move circularly, and scrape and fill the nutrient soil circularly.
进一步的,所述连接板上表面中部设置有倒V形挡板,用于使营养土均匀进入装填机。Further, an inverted V-shaped baffle is provided in the middle of the upper surface of the connecting plate, which is used to allow the nutrient soil to enter the filling machine evenly.
采用上述进一步方案的有益效果为:倒V形挡板可将营养土分散至两边,防止营养土堆积在中部导致两边的育苗袋/育苗钵装填不满。The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is: the inverted V-shaped baffle can disperse the nutrient soil to both sides, preventing the nutrient soil from accumulating in the middle and causing the seedling bags/pots on both sides to be insufficiently filled.
进一步的,所述装填机还包括螺旋输送机,所述外接送土装置通过螺旋输送机与连接板连接,所述外接送土装置的出土口连接螺旋输送机的入口,所述螺旋输送机的出口与连接板连接,所述螺旋输送机的出口被挡条分成多个分出口,每个分出口处都设置有活动挡板,所述活动挡板可以上下移动,用于调节分出口的开口大小。Further, the filling machine also includes a screw conveyor, the external soil delivery device is connected to the connecting plate through the screw conveyor, the excavation port of the external soil delivery device is connected to the entrance of the screw conveyor, and the screw conveyor The outlet is connected with the connecting plate, the outlet of the screw conveyor is divided into multiple sub-outlets by the retaining strips, each sub-outlet is provided with a movable baffle, and the movable baffle can move up and down to adjust the opening of the sub-outlet size.
采用上述进一步方案的有益效果为:螺旋输送机可对外接送土装置放出的营养土进行输送,通过移动活动挡板可根据情况调节分出口的大小,使营养土均匀输送至盖板上表面,从而使营养土能够均匀的进入育苗袋/育苗钵。The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is: the screw conveyor can transport the nutrient soil released from the external soil delivery device, and the size of the outlet can be adjusted according to the situation by moving the movable baffle, so that the nutrient soil can be evenly transported to the upper surface of the cover plate, thereby Make the nutrient soil evenly enter the seedling bag/pot.
进一步的,所述盖板上设置有多个通孔,所述通孔形状与装填转运车主体上的隔间上表面形状相同,所述通孔位置设置与装填转运车主体的位置相匹配,所述盖板可与装填转运车主体配合安装,所述且所有所述通孔内侧均设置有一圈凹形边。Further, the cover plate is provided with a plurality of through holes, the shape of the through holes is the same as the shape of the upper surface of the compartment on the main body of the loading transfer vehicle, and the position of the through holes is set to match the position of the main body of the loading transfer vehicle. The cover plate can be installed in cooperation with the main body of the loading transfer vehicle, and a circle of concave edges is provided on the inner side of all the through holes.
采用上述进一步方案的有益效果为:盖板上的凹形边可对育苗袋开口进行挤压固定,防止装填时漏土影响装填效果。The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is that the concave edge on the cover plate can squeeze and fix the opening of the seedling raising bag, preventing soil leakage during filling from affecting the filling effect.
进一步的,还包括育苗袋安装模具,所述育苗袋安装模具包括面板和设置在面板上的模具单元,所述模具单元的形状和位置均与装填转运车主体上的隔间的形状和位置相匹配,所述育苗袋安装模具可与装填转运车主体上的隔间配合安装。Further, it also includes a seedling bag installation mold, the seedling bag installation mold includes a panel and a mold unit arranged on the panel, the shape and position of the mold unit are consistent with the shape and position of the compartment on the main body of the filling transfer vehicle. Matching, the seedling bag installation mold can be installed in cooperation with the compartment on the main body of the filling transfer vehicle.
将育苗袋分别先套在安装模具上撑开后,将育苗袋安装模具嵌入装填转运车主体上的隔间内,再将育苗袋安装模具取出,即在隔间内装入育苗袋。After putting the seedling bags on the installation molds and stretching them apart, the seedling bag installation molds are embedded in the compartments on the main body of the filling transfer vehicle, and then the seedling bag installation molds are taken out, that is, the seedling bags are loaded into the compartments.
采用上述进一步方案的有益效果为:方便撑开育苗袋和装入隔间,可提高工作效率。The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further scheme is: it is convenient to open the seedling raising bag and put it into the compartment, and the work efficiency can be improved.
进一步的,所述活动翻板装置包括翻板、水平连杆和连杆调节装置;所述装填转运车主体下表面设置有多个翻板,所述翻板一侧通过第一转轴安装在装填转运车主体上,所述第一转轴设置在隔板下表面,所述翻板可以绕第一转轴转动,所有所述翻板均与水平连杆连接,所述水平连杆可带动翻板进行转动,所述水平连杆与连杆调节装置连接,所述连杆调节装置用于通过控制水平连杆的移动,控制翻板在水平状态和竖直状态之间进行切换。Further, the movable flap device includes a flap, a horizontal link and a link adjustment device; the lower surface of the main body of the loading transfer vehicle is provided with a plurality of flaps, and one side of the flap is installed on the loading side through the first rotating shaft. On the main body of the transfer vehicle, the first rotating shaft is arranged on the lower surface of the partition, and the flaps can rotate around the first rotating shaft. All the flaps are connected with horizontal connecting rods, and the horizontal connecting rods can drive the flaps to perform When rotating, the horizontal connecting rod is connected with the connecting rod adjusting device, and the connecting rod adjusting device is used to control the turning plate to switch between the horizontal state and the vertical state by controlling the movement of the horizontal connecting rod.
采用上述进一步方案的有益效果为:结构简单且可方便地实现装填状态和卸载状态的转换。The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is that the structure is simple and the conversion between the loading state and the unloading state can be realized conveniently.
进一步的,所述连杆调节装置包括第一连杆和第二连杆,所述第一连杆一端与水平连杆活动连接,另一端与第二连杆活动连接,所述第二连杆通过第二转轴固定在装填转运车主体上,所述第二连杆和第二转轴组成杠杆系统,所述第二连杆与第一连杆相连的一端为阻力端,另一端为动力端,所述动力端距离第二转轴的距离大于阻力端距离第二转轴的距离,且所述活动翻板处于竖直状态时,所述第一连杆处于竖直状态。Further, the connecting rod adjustment device includes a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod, one end of the first connecting rod is movably connected with the horizontal connecting rod, and the other end is movably connected with the second connecting rod, and the second connecting rod The second connecting rod is fixed on the main body of the loading transfer vehicle through the second rotating shaft. The second connecting rod and the second rotating shaft form a lever system. One end of the second connecting rod connected to the first connecting rod is the resistance end, and the other end is the power end. The distance between the power end and the second rotating shaft is greater than the distance between the resistance end and the second rotating shaft, and when the movable flap is in a vertical state, the first connecting rod is in a vertical state.
采用上述进一步方案的有益效果为:方便地控制翻板的转动,实现育苗袋的自动掉落。The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is: conveniently control the rotation of the flap, and realize the automatic drop of the seedling raising bag.
进一步的,所述装填转运车主体上还设置有闭锁装置,所述闭锁装置用于固定或松开第二连杆。Further, the main body of the loading transfer vehicle is also provided with a locking device, and the locking device is used for fixing or releasing the second connecting rod.
采用上述进一步方案的有益效果为:在装填时锁紧闭锁装置可使翻版保持水平状态,托起育苗袋,在装填完毕后松开闭锁装置,可对第二连杆进行调节。The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further solution is: locking the locking device during filling can keep the replica in a horizontal state, hold up the seedling raising bag, release the locking device after filling, and adjust the second connecting rod.
进一步的,所述装填转运车主体上还设置有导向轮,所述导向轮设置在装填转运车主体两侧,用于在进入装填机下方时与装填机上的导轨进行配合。Further, the main body of the loading and transferring vehicle is also provided with guide wheels, and the guiding wheels are arranged on both sides of the main body of the loading and transferring vehicle for cooperating with the guide rails on the filling machine when entering under the filling machine.
采用上述进一步方案的有益效果为:利用导向轮与装填机上对应的导轨相配合,方便使育苗袋/育苗钵装填转运车能顺利行驶到装填机下方的合适位置。The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further solution is: the use of the guide wheels to cooperate with the corresponding guide rails on the filling machine facilitates the filling and transporting of the seedling bag/bowl to a suitable position under the filling machine.
进一步的,所述装填转运车主体上设置有轮子和推把,所述装填转运车主体由电机驱动前进,推把上设置有可用于控制电机前进和停止的控制装置。Further, the main body of the loading transfer vehicle is provided with wheels and a push handle, the main body of the loading transfer vehicle is driven forward by a motor, and the push handle is provided with a control device that can be used to control the motor to advance and stop.
采用上述进一步方案的有益效果为:通过电动方式驱动可以更加便捷省力。The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further solution is that the electric drive can be more convenient and labor-saving.
进一步的,所述装填转运车主体靠近推把的一侧还设置有搁板,所述隔板上放置有空槽,所述空槽的高度不大于封闭式围板的高度。Further, the side of the main body of the loading transfer vehicle close to the push handle is also provided with a shelf, and an empty slot is placed on the partition, and the height of the empty slot is not greater than the height of the closed enclosure.
采用上述进一步方案的有益效果为:空槽可以盛放装填时多余的泥土,方便回收处理。The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further scheme is that the empty tank can hold excess soil during filling, which is convenient for recycling.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为装填机采用第二种实施方式时本发明的立体示意图;Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention when the filling machine adopts the second embodiment;
图2为装填转运车主体的立体示意图;Fig. 2 is the three-dimensional schematic view of the main body of the loading transfer vehicle;
图3为装填转运车侧视图;Fig. 3 is a side view of the loading transfer vehicle;
图4为装填机采用第一种实施方式的俯视图;Fig. 4 is the top view of the first embodiment of the filling machine;
图5为装填机采用第二种实施方式本发明的俯视图;Fig. 5 is a top view of the filling machine adopting the second embodiment of the present invention;
图6为盖板结构示意图;Figure 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the cover plate;
图7为育苗袋安装模具结构示意图;Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the installation mold of seedling bag;
图8为活动翻板装置结构示意图。Fig. 8 is a structural schematic diagram of the movable flap device.
附图中,各标号所代表的部件列表如下:In the accompanying drawings, the list of parts represented by each label is as follows:
10、装填转运车;20、装填机;1、装填转运车主体;2、轮子;3、推把;4、活动翻板装置;5、盖板;11、封闭式围板;12、隔板;13、隔间;21、机架;22、连接板;23、传动装置;24、刮板;25、导轨;231、链轮;232、链条;221、倒V形挡板;31、螺旋输送机;311、螺旋输送机的入口;312、螺旋输送机的出口;313、挡条;314、活动挡板;41、翻板;42、水平连杆;43、第一转轴;51、通孔;52、凹形边;61、面板;62、模具单元;71、第一连杆;72、第二连杆;73、第二转轴;8、闭锁装置;9、导向轮;103、空槽;101、辅助支撑轮;102、辅助支撑导轨10. Loading transfer vehicle; 20. Loading machine; 1. Main body of loading transfer vehicle; 2. Wheels; 3. Push handle; 4. Movable flap device; 5. Cover plate; 11. Closed hoarding; 12. Partition ; 13, compartment; 21, frame; 22, connecting plate; 23, transmission device; 24, scraper; 25, guide rail; 231, sprocket wheel; 232, chain; 221, inverted V-shaped baffle plate; 31, spiral Conveyor; 311, the entrance of the screw conveyor; 312, the outlet of the screw conveyor; 313, the bar; 314, the movable baffle; 41, the flap; 42, the horizontal connecting rod; 43, the first shaft; Hole; 52, concave edge; 61, panel; 62, mold unit; 71, first connecting rod; 72, second connecting rod; 73, second rotating shaft; 8, locking device; 9, guide wheel; 103, empty Groove; 101, auxiliary support wheel; 102, auxiliary support guide rail
具体实施方式detailed description
以下结合附图对本发明的原理和特征进行描述,所举实例只用于解释本发明,并非用于限定本发明的范围。The principles and features of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and the examples given are only used to explain the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
如图1所示,一种育苗袋/育苗钵装填转运系统装置,包括装填转运车10、装填机20和外接送土装置,所述装填转运车包括装填转运车主体1,如图2和图3所示,所述装填转运车主体1上设置有轮子2和推把3,还包括活动翻板装置4和盖板5,所述装填转运车主体1包括封闭式围板11和隔板12,所述封闭式围板11内设置有多个隔板12,隔板12将封闭式围板11内部分隔为多个隔间13,所述活动翻板装置4用于在装填时托起育苗袋/育苗钵,在装填完毕后卸下育苗袋/育苗钵;所述盖板5用于覆盖在装填转运车主体1上表面。As shown in Figure 1, a kind of seedling bag/seedling pot filling and transporting system device includes a filling transport vehicle 10, a filling machine 20 and an external soil delivery device, and the filling transport vehicle includes a main body 1 of the filling transport vehicle, as shown in Figure 2 and Fig. 3, the main body 1 of the loading transfer vehicle is provided with wheels 2 and push handles 3, and also includes a movable flap device 4 and a cover plate 5, and the main body 1 of the loading transfer vehicle includes a closed enclosure 11 and a partition 12 , a plurality of partitions 12 are arranged in the closed coaming 11, and the partitions 12 divide the interior of the closed coaming 11 into a plurality of compartments 13, and the movable flap device 4 is used to hold up the seedlings when filling The bag/seedling pot is unloaded after the filling is completed; the cover plate 5 is used to cover the upper surface of the main body 1 of the loading transfer vehicle.
所述外接送土装置30用于通过连接板22将营养土输送到盖板5上表面;The external soil delivery device 30 is used to transport the nutrient soil to the upper surface of the cover plate 5 through the connecting plate 22;
如图4、图5和图1所示,所述装填机20包括机架21和连接板22,装填时,所述装填转运车10位于所述连接板22下方,所述连接板22一端固定在机架上,另一端连接外接出土装置30,所述机架21上设置有传动装置23,所述传动装置23上安装有多个刮板24,所述传送装置23用于带动刮板24沿着平行于盖板5上表面的方向移动,所述刮板24用于沿着盖板5上表面推动外接送土装置30输送的营养土。As shown in Figures 4, 5 and 1, the filling machine 20 includes a frame 21 and a connecting plate 22. During loading, the filling transfer vehicle 10 is located below the connecting plate 22, and one end of the connecting plate 22 is fixed On the frame, the other end is connected to an external excavation device 30, the frame 21 is provided with a transmission device 23, and a plurality of scrapers 24 are installed on the transmission device 23, and the transmission device 23 is used to drive the scraper 24 Moving in a direction parallel to the upper surface of the cover plate 5 , the scraper 24 is used to push the nutrient soil transported by the external soil transfer device 30 along the upper surface of the cover plate 5 .
所述传送装置23具体包括链轮231和与链轮231配合的链条232,所述链轮231设置在机架21两端,所述刮板24固定在链条232上,所述链轮231由电机驱动。本实施例中,刮板共有8块,且均匀设置在链条上,所述链条被链轮分为上行线和下行线,上行线的传动方向为靠近连接板的方向,下行线的传动方向为远离连接板的方向,链条带动刮板循环转动,下行线上的刮板可对盖板上表面的营养土进行刮填,使营养土掉落至盖板下的育苗袋/育苗钵,下行线上的刮板下表面距离盖板上表面的距离为0.5-2厘米。Described transmission device 23 specifically comprises sprocket wheel 231 and the chain 232 that cooperates with sprocket wheel 231, and described sprocket wheel 231 is arranged on frame 21 two ends, and described scraper 24 is fixed on the chain 232, and described sprocket wheel 231 is formed by motor driven. In this embodiment, there are 8 scrapers in total, and they are evenly arranged on the chain. The chain is divided into an uplink and a downlink by sprockets. The transmission direction of the uplink is the direction close to the connecting plate, and the transmission direction of the downlink is In the direction away from the connecting plate, the chain drives the scraper to rotate circularly. The scraper on the down line can scrape and fill the nutrient soil on the surface of the cover plate, so that the nutrient soil falls to the seedling bag/pot under the cover plate, and the down line The distance between the lower surface of the scraper and the upper surface of the cover plate is 0.5-2 cm.
如图4所示,装填机采用第一种实施方式时,所述连接板22上表面中部设置有倒V形挡板221,用于使营养土均匀进入装填机。As shown in FIG. 4 , when the filling machine adopts the first embodiment, an inverted V-shaped baffle 221 is provided in the middle of the upper surface of the connecting plate 22 to allow the nutrient soil to enter the filling machine evenly.
如图5和图1所示,装填机采用第二种实施方式时,所述装填机20还包括螺旋输送机31,所述外接送土装置30通过螺旋输送机31与连接板22连接,所述外接送土装置30的出土口连接螺旋输送机的入口311,所述螺旋输送机的出口312与连接板22连接,所述螺旋输送机的出口312被挡条313分成多个分出口,每个分出口处都设置有活动挡板314,所述活动挡板314可以上下移动,用于调节分出口的开口大小。本实施例中,螺旋输送机的出口被分为五个分出口,通过上下移动活动挡板,可以对分出口的出土量大小进行控制调节。As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 1, when the filling machine adopts the second embodiment, the filling machine 20 also includes a screw conveyor 31, and the external soil sending device 30 is connected with the connecting plate 22 through the screw conveyor 31, so The excavation opening of the external pick-up and delivery device 30 is connected to the inlet 311 of the screw conveyor, and the outlet 312 of the screw conveyor is connected with the connecting plate 22, and the outlet 312 of the screw conveyor is divided into a plurality of sub-ports by retaining bars 313, each Each sub-port is provided with a movable baffle 314, and the movable baffle 314 can move up and down to adjust the opening size of the sub-port. In this embodiment, the outlet of the screw conveyor is divided into five sub-outlets, and the unearthed volume of the sub-outlets can be controlled and adjusted by moving the movable baffle up and down.
如图6所示,所述盖板5上设置有多个通孔51,所述通孔51形状与装填转运车主体上的隔间13上表面形状相同,所述通孔51位置设置与装填转运车主体上的隔间13的位置相匹配,所述盖板5可与装填转运车主体上的隔间13配合安装,所述且所有所述通孔51内侧均设置有一圈凹形边52。As shown in Figure 6, the cover plate 5 is provided with a plurality of through holes 51, the shape of the through holes 51 is the same as the shape of the upper surface of the compartment 13 on the main body of the loading transfer vehicle, and the position of the through holes 51 is set in accordance with the loading method. The position of the compartment 13 on the main body of the transfer vehicle is matched, and the cover plate 5 can be installed in cooperation with the compartment 13 on the main body of the transfer vehicle, and a circle of concave edges 52 is provided on the inside of all the through holes 51 .
如图7所示,还包括育苗袋安装模具,所述育苗袋安装模具包括面板61和设置在面板上的模具单元62,所述模具单元62的形状和位置均与装填转运车主体上的隔间13的形状和位置相匹配,所述育苗袋安装模具可与装填转运车主体上的隔间13配合安装。As shown in Figure 7, it also includes a seedling-raising bag installation mold, and the seedling-raising bag installation mold includes a panel 61 and a mold unit 62 arranged on the panel, and the shape and position of the mold unit 62 are the same as those of the compartment on the main body of the filling transfer vehicle. The shape and position of the compartment 13 are matched, and the installation mold of the seedling growing bag can be fitted with the compartment 13 on the main body of the filling transfer vehicle.
如图3和图8所示,所述活动翻板装置4包括翻板41、水平连杆42和连杆调节装置;所述翻板41设置在装填转运车主体1下表面,所述翻板41一侧通过第一转轴43安装在装填转运车主体1上,所述第一转轴43设置在隔板12下表面,所述翻板41可以绕第一转轴43旋转,所有所述翻板41均与水平连杆42固定连接,所述水平连杆42可带动翻板41进行转动,所述水平连杆42与连杆调节装置连接,所述连杆调节装置用于通过控制水平连杆的移动,控制翻板41在水平状态和竖直状态之间进行切换;As shown in Figures 3 and 8, the movable flap device 4 includes a flap 41, a horizontal connecting rod 42 and a connecting rod adjustment device; the flap 41 is arranged on the lower surface of the main body 1 of the filling transfer vehicle, and the flap One side of 41 is installed on the main body 1 of the loading transfer vehicle through the first rotating shaft 43, the first rotating shaft 43 is arranged on the lower surface of the partition plate 12, the turning plate 41 can rotate around the first rotating shaft 43, all the turning plates 41 Both are fixedly connected with the horizontal connecting rod 42, the horizontal connecting rod 42 can drive the flap 41 to rotate, the horizontal connecting rod 42 is connected with the connecting rod adjusting device, and the connecting rod adjusting device is used to control the horizontal connecting rod Move, control turnover plate 41 to switch between horizontal state and vertical state;
所述连杆调节装置包括第一连杆71和第二连杆72,所述第二连杆72一端与水平连杆42活动连接,另一端与第二连杆72活动连接,所述第二连杆72通过第二转轴73与装填转运车主体1活动连接,所述第二连杆72和第二转轴73组成杠杆系统,所述第二连杆72与第一连杆71相连的一端为阻力端,另一端为动力端,所述动力端距离第二转轴73的距离大于阻力端距离第二转轴73的距离,且所述翻板41处于水平状态时,所述第一连杆71处于竖直状态。The connecting rod adjustment device includes a first connecting rod 71 and a second connecting rod 72, one end of the second connecting rod 72 is movably connected with the horizontal connecting rod 42, and the other end is movably connected with the second connecting rod 72, and the second connecting rod 72 is movably connected with the horizontal connecting rod 42. The connecting rod 72 is movably connected with the main body 1 of the loading transfer vehicle through the second rotating shaft 73, the second connecting rod 72 and the second rotating shaft 73 form a lever system, and the end of the second connecting rod 72 connected with the first connecting rod 71 is The resistance end, the other end is the power end, the distance between the power end and the second rotating shaft 73 is greater than the distance between the resistance end and the second rotating shaft 73, and when the flap 41 is in a horizontal state, the first connecting rod 71 is in the horizontal state. vertical state.
所述装填转运车主体1上还设置有闭锁装置8,所述闭锁装置8用于固定或松开第二连杆72。The main body 1 of the loading transfer vehicle is also provided with a locking device 8 for fixing or releasing the second connecting rod 72 .
所述装填转运车主体1上还设置有导向轮9,所述导向轮9设置在装填转运车主体1两侧,用于在进入装填机下方时与装填机上的导轨25进行配合。The main body 1 of the loading transfer vehicle is also provided with guide wheels 9, and the guide wheels 9 are arranged on both sides of the main body 1 of the loading transfer vehicle, and are used to cooperate with the guide rails 25 on the filling machine when entering the bottom of the filling machine.
所述装填转运车主体1由电机驱动前进,推把3上设置有可用于控制电机启动和停止的控制装置。The main body 1 of the loading transfer vehicle is driven forward by a motor, and the push handle 3 is provided with a control device that can be used to control the start and stop of the motor.
所述装填转运车主体1靠近推把3的一侧还设置有搁板,所述隔板上放置有空槽10,所述空槽10的高度不大于封闭式围板11的高度。The side of the main body of the loading transfer vehicle 1 close to the push handle 3 is also provided with a shelf, and an empty slot 10 is placed on the partition, and the height of the empty slot 10 is not greater than the height of the closed enclosure 11 .
使用时,准备装填之前,下压第二连杆的动力端,第二连杆的阻力端带动水平连杆向前平移,水平连杆带动翻板转动,使翻板处于水平位置,本实施例中,翻板的两侧均设置有水平连杆、第一连杆和第二连杆,通过横杆将两侧的第二连杆连接固定,利用闭锁装置将横杆锁紧在装填转运车主体上,可使翻板保持处于水平位置。When in use, before loading, press down the power end of the second connecting rod, the resistance end of the second connecting rod drives the horizontal connecting rod to translate forward, and the horizontal connecting rod drives the flap to rotate, so that the flap is in a horizontal position. Among them, horizontal connecting rods, first connecting rods and second connecting rods are arranged on both sides of the flap, and the second connecting rods on both sides are connected and fixed through the cross rods, and the cross rods are locked on the loading transfer vehicle by the locking device. On the main body, the flap can be kept in a horizontal position.
本实施例中隔间为大小相同,数量为15排,7列,共105个,盖板上的通孔数量和排列方式均与隔间相同;所述盖板采用等离子切割机加工,加工时,首先将CAD模型输入电脑转成CNC文件,然后将钢板原料放置在工作床上,用等离子切割机加工出105个孔和四个孔边,然后将孔边往下折形成凹形边,凹形边可以起到漏斗的效果,方便装填营养土。In this embodiment, the compartments are of the same size, with 15 rows and 7 columns, 105 in total, and the number and arrangement of the through holes on the cover plate are the same as those of the compartments; the cover plate is processed by a plasma cutting machine. , first input the CAD model into the computer and convert it into a CNC file, then place the steel plate raw material on the working bed, process 105 holes and four hole edges with a plasma cutting machine, and then fold the hole edges down to form a concave edge. The side can act as a funnel for easy filling of nutrient soil.
每个育苗袋安装模具上的模具单元为1排7个,每个育苗袋安装模具上均有7个模具单元,作为其他方式实施时,隔间的大小也可以相同也可以不同,育苗袋安装模具上模具单元的个数也可以变化。The mold units on the installation mold of each seedling bag are 7 in a row, and there are 7 mold units on the installation mold of each seedling bag. When implementing as other methods, the size of the compartments can also be the same or different. The installation of the seedling bag The number of mold units on the mold can also vary.
依次在模具单元上套上育苗袋,将育苗袋撑开,实际操作时,育苗袋一般为标准大小,隔间为按照育苗袋的大小进行定制,隔间的高度比育苗袋的高度低1-5厘米,然后将育苗袋安装模具嵌入装填转运车主体,育苗袋落入相应隔间内,再取出育苗袋安装模具,由于育苗袋的高度大于隔间的高度,育苗袋会高出隔间一部分,盖上盖板,盖板上通孔位置与隔间位置对应,盖板可以对育苗袋开口进行挤压,对育苗袋开口进行固定,且凹形边结构类似漏斗,有利于营养土顺利装填进育苗袋内。Put the seedling bags on the mold unit in turn, and stretch the seedling bags. In actual operation, the seedling bags are generally of standard size, and the compartments are customized according to the size of the seedling bags. The height of the compartments is 1- Then insert the seedling bag installation mold into the main body of the filling transfer vehicle, drop the seedling bag into the corresponding compartment, and then take out the seedling bag installation mold. Since the height of the seedling bag is greater than the height of the compartment, the seedling bag will be partly higher than the compartment , cover the cover plate, the position of the through hole on the cover plate corresponds to the position of the compartment, the cover plate can squeeze the opening of the seedling bag and fix the opening of the seedling bag, and the concave edge structure is similar to a funnel, which is conducive to the smooth filling of nutrient soil into the seedling bag.
本发明的装填转运车不仅可以对软质育苗袋进行装填,还可以对硬质育苗钵进行装填,对育苗钵进行装填时,则不需要使用育苗袋安装模具,直接将育苗钵依次放置入隔间内,盖上盖板,后续装填和卸载过程相同。The filling transfer vehicle of the present invention can not only fill soft seedling bags, but also hard seedling pots. When filling seedling pots, it is not necessary to use seedling bags to install molds, and the seedling pots are directly placed in the compartments one by one. In the room, cover the cover plate, and the subsequent loading and unloading process is the same.
育苗袋安装完毕后,打开育苗袋/育苗钵装填转运车驱动总开关,旋转右把手上的油门把手,配合控制板上的前进、后退按钮将育苗袋/育苗钵装填转运车行驶到配套的装填机下方,利用导向轮于装填机上对应的导轨相配合,使育苗袋/育苗钵装填转运车能顺利地行驶到装填机下方的合适位置,关闭育苗袋/育苗钵装填转运车驱动总开关,然后利用装填机往育苗袋内装填营养土。After the seedling bag is installed, turn on the main switch of the seedling bag/pot filling transfer vehicle, turn the throttle handle on the right handle, and cooperate with the forward and backward buttons on the control panel to drive the seedling bag/pot filling transfer vehicle to the matching loading Under the machine, use the guide wheel to cooperate with the corresponding guide rail on the filling machine, so that the seedling bag/pot filling transfer vehicle can smoothly drive to the appropriate position under the filling machine, turn off the seedling bag/pot filling transfer vehicle to drive the main switch, and then Use the filling machine to fill the nutrient soil into the seedling bag.
本实施例中,所述外接出土装置为搅拌机,且搅拌机的启停由控制系统控制,事先根据所有育苗袋/育苗钵的容量大小可以计算出装满所需的营养土总量,再根据搅拌机的出土速度可以确定装满所有育苗袋/育苗钵所需的时间,根据此时间预设搅拌机的工作时间,搅拌机在装填完成后可自动停止。本实施例中,搅拌机进行一次装填所需的工作时间为1分钟。In this embodiment, the external unearthed device is a mixer, and the start and stop of the mixer is controlled by the control system. The total amount of nutrient soil required for filling can be calculated in advance according to the capacity of all seedling bags/seedling pots, and then according to the mixer The unearthed speed can determine the time required to fill all the seedling bags/pots, and the working time of the mixer is preset according to this time, and the mixer can automatically stop after filling. In this embodiment, the working time required for one filling of the mixer is 1 minute.
开始装填时,启动装填机,链条带动刮板循环转动,对盖板上表面的营养土进行刮填,使营养土掉落至盖板下的育苗袋/育苗钵,出土完毕后搅拌机自动停止。刮板对盖板上表面的积土进行循环推动,表面刮平后,多余的泥土被推入空槽内,所有育苗袋/育苗钵均被装填完成。When starting to fill, start the filling machine, the chain drives the scraper to rotate circularly, scrape and fill the nutrient soil on the surface of the cover plate, and make the nutrient soil fall to the seedling bag/pot under the cover plate, and the mixer will stop automatically after unearthed. The scraper circulates and pushes the accumulated soil on the surface of the cover plate. After the surface is scraped, the excess soil is pushed into the empty groove, and all the seedling bags/pots are filled.
装填完毕后,打开育苗袋/育苗钵装填转运车总开关,按下倒车按钮,育苗袋/育苗钵装填转运车缓缓驶出装填机下方,然后操作该车行驶到大棚内卸载育苗袋的指定位置,松开闭锁转动装置,上推第二连杆的动力端,第二连杆的阻力端带动水平连杆向后平移,水平连杆带动翻板转动,使翻板处于竖直位置,育苗袋失去翻板的支撑,在重力的作用下做自由落体运动,由于所有翻板为同步转动,故育苗袋落下的时间一致,互相之间不会造成挤压,能够整齐地落在地面上。After filling, turn on the main switch of the seedling bag/pot filling transfer vehicle, press the reverse button, the seedling bag/pot filling transfer vehicle slowly drives out of the bottom of the filling machine, and then operate the car to drive to the greenhouse to unload the designated seedling bag Position, loosen the locking rotation device, push up the power end of the second connecting rod, the resistance end of the second connecting rod drives the horizontal connecting rod to move backward, and the horizontal connecting rod drives the flap to rotate, so that the flap is in a vertical position, and the seedlings are raised The bag loses the support of the flaps, and falls freely under the action of gravity. Since all the flaps rotate synchronously, the seedling bags fall at the same time, and they will not squeeze each other, and they can fall neatly on the ground.
本发明的装土速度快,实际使用时,多台装填转运车可共用一台装填机,交错时间装填,可进一步提高工作效率。The soil loading speed of the present invention is fast, and in actual use, multiple loading and transfer vehicles can share one loading machine, and the filling time is staggered, which can further improve work efficiency.
经过后期试验后,本发明中还添加了辅助支撑轮101和辅助支撑导轨102作为改进,辅助支撑导轨102设置在隔板下表面,辅助支撑轮101设置在水平连杆远离第一连杆的另一端,在翻板处于水平状态时,辅助支撑轮101滑入辅助支撑导轨102,可以对水平连杆起到支撑作用,由于连杆的长度过大,导致出头前端的部分累计误差较大,添加辅助支撑轮可以抵消掉一部分误差。After the post-test, the present invention also adds auxiliary support wheels 101 and auxiliary support guide rails 102 as improvements, the auxiliary support guide rails 102 are arranged on the lower surface of the partition, and the auxiliary support wheels 101 are arranged on the other side of the horizontal connecting rod away from the first connecting rod. At one end, when the flap is in a horizontal state, the auxiliary support wheel 101 slides into the auxiliary support guide rail 102, which can support the horizontal connecting rod. Because the length of the connecting rod is too large, the cumulative error of the front end of the head is relatively large, adding Auxiliary support wheels can offset part of the error.
卸载完毕后,按下倒车按钮,将育苗袋/育苗钵装填转运车驶离,将空槽内的泥土进行回收处理后,重新按照步骤安放育苗袋,可开始下一轮的装填。After the unloading is completed, press the reverse button to drive the seedling bag/bottle filling transfer vehicle away, recycle the soil in the empty tank, and re-install the seedling bag according to the steps to start the next round of filling.
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection of the present invention. within range.
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