CN106840851A - The unsaturated soil direct shear apparatus experimental rig of adjustable shearing ring diameter - Google Patents
The unsaturated soil direct shear apparatus experimental rig of adjustable shearing ring diameter Download PDFInfo
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- CN106840851A CN106840851A CN201710139915.4A CN201710139915A CN106840851A CN 106840851 A CN106840851 A CN 106840851A CN 201710139915 A CN201710139915 A CN 201710139915A CN 106840851 A CN106840851 A CN 106840851A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of unsaturated soil direct shear apparatus experimental rig of adjustable shearing ring diameter, including upper and lower shear box, the upper and lower shear box includes circular flexible steel disc, steel disc follow block and shearing shell；The shearing shell is equilateral triangle, and each side middle part connection steel disc follow block of triangle, the steel disc follow block fixes circular flexible steel disc in three directions respectively, and upper and lower shear box is bolted to connection.The unsaturated soil direct shear apparatus experimental rig of the adjustable shearing ring diameter of the present invention, it is possible to resolve the problem that soil body drying shrinkage can not fit with shear box inwall, improves the precision of unsaturation soil body strength test, design is easy, light and handy, easy to operate, integrated performance is good, is widely used.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of unsaturated soil direct shear apparatus experimental rig of adjustable shearing ring diameter, belong to Geotechnical Engineering survey
Measuring appratus manufacturing technology and testing field.
Background technology
Water velocity is very slow in unsaturated soil, and to homogenize specimen deformation, pore pressure, loading speed is than full in shearing test
Much smaller with soil, experiment lasts also much longer.Compared with triaxial test, unsaturated soil direct shear apparatus simple structure is easy to operate,
Particularly sample thickness is small, and experiment lasts and greatly shortens, thus can improve test efficiency.
In the change procedure of suction, soil body Volume Changes can be very big, such as the special nature such as bentonite, red clay
Clay soil.With bentonite as class, bentonite has obviously moisture expansion and drying shrinkage characteristic.The swelling in the case where different suction controls are carried out
During the direct shear test of soil sample, the desiccation of the soil body is shunk and can be departed from existing conventional magnetic shear box inwall, influences direct shear test knot
The accuracy of fruit.If being cut into cutting ring sample on unsaturation bulk sample, if suction is very high, namely sample moisture content is relatively low,
Intensity is high, and soil sample is frangible, be difficult cutting block forming, causes sample preparation to fail, and experiment is wasted time and energy.So it is a kind of to be highly desirable to design
Unsaturated soil can be solved in suction situation of change according to the new-type construction shear box of the convenient regulation shearing ring diameter of soil sample size
The problem of lower volume change, so that more accurate measurement unsaturated soil shear strength.
In addition, the suction control range of unsaturated soil direct shear apparatus conventional at present is limited, the control of its suction mainly applies axle
Panning techniques, suction force range depends on the range of pottery clay plates, usually 40kPa-2MPa, so soil sample cannot be more than 2MPa's
Shearing test is carried out under suction.Therefore, the existing unsaturated soil direct shear apparatus by axial translation technology controlled suction, cannot
Solve the problems, such as the Practical Project of suction control high.To solve this problem it is necessary to develop new unsaturated soil direct shear apparatus.Steam
Balancing method suction control technique is to realize one of effective way that suction high is controlled, and its basic skills is that one is placed in drier
Determine certain chemical solution of concentration, then the vapour pressure in container will therewith in balance, and the relative humidity in such container will be protected
Hold constant.Soil sample is placed in same humidity environment, also balance will be reached with the vapour pressure in container, so as to reach suction control
Purpose, Observation of The Suction scope be 40kPa-262MPa.
The unsaturated soil direct shear apparatus of adjustable shearing ring diameter proposed by the invention, can be used to carry out conventional saturation
Soil, the direct shear test research of unsaturated soil, can carry out the unsaturated soil direct shear test under suction control, especially for suction
The sample of volume contraction after balance, can shear ring size according to the diameter adjustment of sample, carry out strength test under suction high.
The content of the invention
Deficiency it is an object of the invention to be directed to prior art presence, there is provided a kind of adjustable the non-of shearing ring diameter satisfies
With native direct shear apparatus experimental rig, the diameter of the soil body can be measured under real-time conditions, obtain volume of the soil body under different conditions and become
Change, solve the problems, such as that soil body drying shrinkage can not fit with shear box inwall, obtain the direct shear strength of the soil body under different suction.The instrument
Design is easy, light and handy, and easy to operate, integraty is good, has a wide range of application.
To achieve the above object of the invention, prior art problem is solved, idea of the invention is that：
The present apparatus includes upper shear box and down cut box, and upper and lower shear box is essentially identical, is supported including scalable steel disc, steel disc respectively
Plate and shearing shell three part.Flexible steel disc makes for steel with strong elasticity, with larger resilience.Steel disc follow block is into T
Font, by rectangle steel plate, stretched rod iron, spring, and screw and screw buckle are constituted.Shearing shell is equilateral triangle structure,
It is the outer wall of shear box, wherein three pin points are respectively fixing threaded hole, for fixing upper and lower shear box.
Conceived according to foregoing invention, the present invention uses following technical proposals：
A kind of unsaturated soil direct shear apparatus experimental rig of adjustable shearing ring diameter, including upper and lower shear box is described upper and lower to cut
Cutting box includes circular flexible steel disc, steel disc follow block and shearing shell；It is described shearing shell be equilateral triangle, triangle it is every
Individual side middle part connection steel disc follow block, the steel disc follow block fixes circular flexible steel disc in three directions respectively, and upper and lower shear box leads to
Bolt is crossed to be fixedly connected.
Into T-shaped, by rectangle steel plate, stretched the steel disc follow block rod iron, spring, and nut and screw buckle are constituted；Institute
One end of the flexible rod iron of welding in the middle of rectangle steel plate exterior measuring is stated, the other end of flexible rod iron stretches out shearing shell, by nut
Fixed, the screw buckle is arranged on the outside of nut, and rubber ring is provided with to reduce friction between nut and shearing shell, described
Spring housing is mounted on flexible rod iron, between shearing shell and rectangle steel plate.
The initiating terminal of the circular flexible steel disc has section of stretching out to stretch out rectangle steel plate, and measurement soil sample is provided with above section of stretching out
The scale of diameter；The end of the circular flexible steel disc is connected by steady pin with rectangle steel plate, is surveyed in rectangle steel plate
Circular guide wheel is installed in centre, is provided with groove, circular guide wheel and fit depressions on the outside of the flexible steel disc of circle so that circle is flexible
When steel disc is flexible without departing from.
Three summits of the shearing shell of the upper shear box are respectively equipped with the upper screw for running through, outside the shearing of down cut box
Three summits of shell are respectively equipped with the lower screw for running through, for injecting bolt, the upper and lower shear box of fixation；Three tops of shearing shell
Point carries out rounded corners respectively, in order to avoid destroy instrument during the shearing of tip.
The present invention compared with prior art, with following obvious prominent substantive distinguishing features and remarkable advantage：
The present invention is in appearance square of the triangle rather than traditional direct shear box, simple structure, so greatly reduce using material.
Using scalable internal diameter device, the direct shear box of existing unsaturated soil is transformed by saturated soil direct shear box, does not consider that sample shrinks
The shearing error for bringing, this experimental rig sets the steel loop for shrinking internal diameter around sample, and sample is put into steel loop, adjustable
Section steel loop internal diameter, it is ensured that shearing sample completely attaches to shear box.There is the scale of measurement sample internal diameter on the steel loop for shrinking internal diameter,
The internal diameter of soil sample can be measured during dress sample.The experimental rig can measure the direct shear strength of saturated soil, unsaturated soil, meanwhile, can
Used with saturated soil staight scissors frame, it is also possible to used in unsaturation soil suction control pressure room.
The experimental rig that this method of testing is relied on, simple structure, design is light and handy, and easy to operate, integrated performance is good,
Effect is extensive.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the upper shear box top view of the unsaturated soil direct shear apparatus experimental rig of the adjustable shearing ring diameter of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the down cut box top view of the unsaturated soil direct shear apparatus experimental rig of the adjustable shearing ring diameter of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the upper shear box side view of the unsaturated soil direct shear apparatus experimental rig of the adjustable shearing ring diameter of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the down cut box side view of the unsaturated soil direct shear apparatus experimental rig of the adjustable shearing ring diameter of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the shear box sectional view of the unsaturated soil direct shear apparatus experimental rig of the adjustable shearing ring diameter of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the unsaturated soil shear pressure of the unsaturated soil direct shear apparatus experimental rig of the adjustable shearing ring diameter of the present invention
Room sectional view.
Fig. 7 is the graphics of the unsaturated soil direct shear apparatus experimental rig of the adjustable shearing ring diameter of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the construction diagrams of the unsaturated soil direct shear apparatus experimental rig of the adjustable shearing ring diameter of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
A preferred embodiment of the present invention combination detailed description is as follows：
Referring to Fig. 1-5, a kind of unsaturated soil direct shear apparatus experimental rig of adjustable shearing ring diameter, including upper and lower shear box, institute
Stating upper and lower shear box includes circular flexible steel disc 1, steel disc follow block 8 and shearing shell 6；The shearing shell 6 is equilateral triangle
Shape, each side middle part of triangle connects steel disc follow block 8, and the steel disc follow block 8 fixes circular flexible steel in three directions respectively
Piece 1, upper and lower shear box is fixedly connected by bolt 15.
8 one-tenth of the steel disc follow block is T-shaped, and by rectangle steel plate 7, stretch rod iron 9, spring 10, nut 3 and screw buckle 4
Composition；One end of the flexible rod iron 9 of welding in the middle of the exterior measuring of the rectangle steel plate 7, the other end of flexible rod iron 9 stretches out shearing shell
6, to be fixed by nut 3, the screw buckle 4 is arranged on the outside of nut 3, and rubber ring is provided between nut 3 and shearing shell 6
14 to reduce friction, and the spring 10 is sleeved on flexible rod iron 9, between shearing shell 6 and rectangle steel plate 7.It is rectangular
Shape steel plate 7 a length of 125mm ± 0.1mm, a width of 5mm ± 0.1mm, a height of 30mm ± 0.1mm.Flexible rod iron 9 45mm long ±
0.1mm, radius 5mm ± 0.1mm.Radius 10mm ± the 0.1mm of nut 3.
The initiating terminal of the circular flexible steel disc 1 has section of stretching out 12 to stretch out rectangle steel plate 7, and section of stretching out 12 is provided with survey above
Measure the scale of soil sample diameter；The end of the circular flexible steel disc 1 is connected by steady pin 11 with rectangle steel plate 7, rectangular
Circular guide wheel 2 is installed in the middle of being surveyed in shape steel plate 7, groove 13, circular guide wheel 2 and groove 13 are provided with the flexible outside of steel disc 1 of circle
Be engaged so that when the flexible steel disc 1 of circle stretches without departing from.The flexible steel disc 1 of circle in a relaxed state internal diameter be 61.8mm ±
0.1mm, external diameter is 64.8mm ± 0.1mm, is highly 20mm ± 0.1mm, and wall thickness is 4mm ± 0.2mm；Outer wall on away from lower end
There is an annular groove 13 at face 8mm ± 0.1mm, the depth of groove 13 is 1mm ± 0.1mm, and groove 13 is around whole circular flexible
Steel disc 1；Circular guide wheel 2 a length of 125mm ± 0.1mm, 1mm ± 0.1mm wide, 1mm ± 0.1mm high.
Three summits of the shearing shell 6 of the upper shear box are respectively equipped with the upper screw 5 for running through, the shearing of down cut box
Three summits of shell 6 are respectively equipped with the lower screw 17 for running through, for injecting bolt 15, the upper and lower shear box of fixation；Shearing shell
6 three summits carry out rounded corners 16 respectively, in order to avoid destroy instrument during the shearing of tip.The peripheral wall length for shearing shell 6 is 205mm
± 0.1mm, is highly 30mm ± 0.1mm, and thickness is 15mm ± 0.1mm.Screw radius is 3.5mm ± 0.01mm.Rounded corners
Radius is 7.5mm ± 0.01mm.
Referring to Fig. 1-6, the upper and lower shear box of unsaturated soil direct shear apparatus experimental rig of the adjustable shearing ring diameter of the present invention is closed
And after can be put into unsaturated soil experiment direct shear apparatus in, so control diameter while controlled suction.In the down cut box of Fig. 2
In, auger boring 18 is arranged at bottom, facilitates pottery clay plates saturation and washes away bubble.The adjusting nut 3 sheared in box wall is unscrewed, makes circle
The flexible steel disc 1 of shape reaches relaxed state, a diameter of 61.8mm of the flexible steel disc 1 of circle of this state.Shear box is put into unsaturation
In direct shear apparatus balancing gate pit, there are two guide rails 19 in its down cut cassette bottom portion, and guide rail is put two Teflon on direct shear apparatus support
On ball pulley 20, material is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), to reduce friction.Shear box fixes down cut on hold-down bars 23 in fixation
Box is on propulsion rod 21.Pressure bar 24 is directed at gland version center, balancing gate pit's cover plate 29 is covered, cover plate screw 26 is tightened.Hydraulic pressure
Pipe 27 connects hydraulic pressure, the connection air pressure of pneumatic tube 28.
The present embodiment relies on above-mentioned experimental provision to determine and change for direct shear strength after soil deformation under suction high and deformation
Calculation method, experimental procedure is as follows：
1. installation steps：Upper and lower shear box is closed, 3 bolts 15 of screwing on unscrew the nut 3 sheared in box wall, make circle
Flexible steel disc 1 reaches relaxed state, a diameter of 61.8mm of this state.Shear box is put on direct shear apparatus, its down cut cassette bottom
There are two guide rails 19 in portion, guide rail is put 20 on two Teflon ball pulleys on direct shear apparatus support, to reduce friction.On cut
Cut box and prop up stress steel loop 23, measure stress, down cut box props up propulsion plant 22, advanced when being sheared.At shear box bottom
Portion puts permeable stone 30, and a metafiltration paper 31 is put on permeable stone, and the soil sample 32 that will control suction is put into shear box, will be sheared
Adjusting nut 3 in box wall is tightened, and the flexible steel disc 1 of adjustment is close to test soil sample 32, writes down flexible steel disc scale 13, can obtain
Soil sample diameter.Put a metafiltration paper 33 again on sample, permeable stone 34 is put on filter paper, then put by cover clamp 35, be pressurized
Plus by pressure device 24 on cover plate.So far, the installation of test device is completed
2. test method：Mobile gear makes box front end steel ball 20 just put the pressurization of pressure transmission plate successively with force gauge contacts
Framework 24, installs vertical displacement and horizontal displacement measures device 23, and is adjusted to zero-bit or surveys note initial reading.According to engineering it is actual and
The soft or hard degree of soil applies pressure at right angles at different levels, and applying should be classified to soft sample pressure at right angle, in case soil sample is extruded.Take out solid
Rationed marketing 15, is sheared with certain shear rate, and sample often produces shear displacemant, surveys note dynamometer and displacement readings, until
There is peak value in dynamometer reading, should continue shearing to destroy when shut down, write down in the worthwhile shear history of destruction dynamometer reading without
During peak value, should shear to shear displacemant shut down when being 6mm, and shearing terminates, shearing force of decorporating and pressure at right angle, mobile increased pressure frame
24, take out sample 32.With shear stress as ordinate, shear displacemant is abscissa, draws shear stress and shear displacemant relation curve.
The peak value of shear stress on curve is taken for shearing strength, it is shearing strength that the shear stress corresponding to shear displacemant is taken during without peak value.With
Shearing strength is ordinate, and pressure at right angle is abscissa, draws shearing strength and pressure at right angle relation curve, and the inclination angle of straight line is
Angle of friction, straight line intercept on the vertical scale is cohesive strength.Shear strength to the sample of different-diameter carries out data processing, and
Sample with same physical index is contrasted in the shear strength data of conventional direct shear apparatus, obtains the instrument for this class soil
The dimension conversion coefficient of device, obtains the intensity index of accurately unsaturated soil.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of unsaturated soil direct shear apparatus experimental rig of adjustable shearing ring diameter, including upper and lower shear box, its feature exists
In the upper and lower shear box includes circular flexible steel disc（1）, steel disc follow block（8）And shearing shell（6）；The shearing shell
（6）It is equilateral triangle, each side middle part connection steel disc follow block of triangle（8）, the steel disc follow block（8）Respectively three sides
To fixed circular flexible steel disc（1）, upper and lower shear box is by bolt（15）It is fixedly connected.
2. it is according to claim 1 it is adjustable shearing ring diameter unsaturated soil direct shear apparatus experimental rig, it is characterised in that
The steel disc follow block（8）Into T-shaped, by rectangle steel plate（7）, stretch rod iron（9）, spring（10）, nut（3）With screw buckle
（4）Composition；The rectangle steel plate（7）The flexible rod iron of welding in the middle of exterior measuring（9）One end, stretch rod iron（9）The other end stretch
Go out to shear shell（6）, by nut（3）It is fixed, the screw buckle（4）Installed in nut（3）Outside, nut（3）With cut
Cut shell（6）Between be provided with rubber ring（14）To reduce friction, the spring（10）It is sleeved on flexible rod iron（9）On, positioned at cutting
Cut shell（6）And rectangle steel plate（7）Between.
3. it is according to claim 1 it is adjustable shearing ring diameter unsaturated soil direct shear apparatus experimental rig, it is characterised in that
The circular flexible steel disc（1）Initiating terminal have section of stretching out（12）Stretch out rectangle steel plate（7）, section of stretching out（12）Survey is provided with above
Measure the scale of soil sample diameter；The circular flexible steel disc（1）End pass through steady pin（11）With rectangle steel plate（7）It is connected,
In rectangle steel plate（7）Circular guide wheel is installed in the middle of interior survey（2）, in the flexible steel disc of circle（1）Outside is provided with groove（13）, it is circular
Guide wheel（2）With groove（13）It is engaged so that the flexible steel disc of circle（1）When flexible without departing from.
4. it is according to claim 1 it is adjustable shearing ring diameter unsaturated soil direct shear apparatus experimental rig, it is characterised in that
The shearing shell of the upper shear box（6）Three summits be respectively equipped with the upper screw for running through（5）, the shearing shell of down cut box
（6）Three summits be respectively equipped with the lower screw for running through（17）, for injecting bolt（15）, the upper and lower shear box of fixation；Shearing is outer
Shell（6）Three summits carry out rounded corners respectively（16）, in order to avoid destroy instrument during the shearing of tip.
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| CN201710139915.4A CN106840851B (en) | 2017-03-10 | 2017-03-10 | The unsaturated soil direct shear apparatus experimental rig of adjustable shearing ring diameter |
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| CN201710139915.4A CN106840851B (en) | 2017-03-10 | 2017-03-10 | The unsaturated soil direct shear apparatus experimental rig of adjustable shearing ring diameter |
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| CN106840851B CN106840851B (en) | 2019-06-04 |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107941597A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-04-20 | 同济大学 | A kind of shear box reduced scale device for large scale rectangle geotechnique's direct shear apparatus |
| CN107991171A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-05-04 | 浙江科技学院 | Structural plane shear box based on combined multi-stage limiting plate |
| CN108007799A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-05-08 | 浙江科技学院 | Suitable for the stepless adjustable shear box for waiting height and arbitrary plane size square structure face |
| CN108088755A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-05-29 | 浙江科技学院 | Suitable for the stepless adjustable shear box of height and arbitrary plane size rule shape structural plane such as having |
| CN108225941A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-06-29 | 浙江科技学院 | It is a kind of to be suitable for the stepless adjustable shear box assemble method for waiting height and arbitrary plane size rule shape structural plane |
| CN108287116A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-07-17 | 浙江科技学院 | A kind of stepless adjustable shear box assemble method suitable for more dimensional structure faces |
| CN108562500A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-09-21 | 浙江科技学院 | It is a kind of to be suitable for the stepless adjustable shear box assemble method for waiting height and arbitrary plane size square structure face |
| CN111300359A (en) * | 2020-02-13 | 2020-06-19 | 山东华宇工学院 | Satellite automatic test platform and test method |
| CN113376032A (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2021-09-10 | 西京学院 | Double-glue-layer shear test die and operation method thereof |
| CN114354388A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-04-15 | 中铁建新疆京新高速公路有限公司 | Soil mass structure concrete dynamic shear creep experimental apparatus |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107941597A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-04-20 | 同济大学 | A kind of shear box reduced scale device for large scale rectangle geotechnique's direct shear apparatus |
| CN107941597B (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2020-10-30 | 同济大学 | Shearing box scaling device for large-size rectangular geotechnical direct shear apparatus |
| CN108088755A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-05-29 | 浙江科技学院 | Suitable for the stepless adjustable shear box of height and arbitrary plane size rule shape structural plane such as having |
| CN108007799A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-05-08 | 浙江科技学院 | Suitable for the stepless adjustable shear box for waiting height and arbitrary plane size square structure face |
| CN108225941A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-06-29 | 浙江科技学院 | It is a kind of to be suitable for the stepless adjustable shear box assemble method for waiting height and arbitrary plane size rule shape structural plane |
| CN108287116A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-07-17 | 浙江科技学院 | A kind of stepless adjustable shear box assemble method suitable for more dimensional structure faces |
| CN108562500A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-09-21 | 浙江科技学院 | It is a kind of to be suitable for the stepless adjustable shear box assemble method for waiting height and arbitrary plane size square structure face |
| CN108287116B (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2020-05-29 | 浙江科技学院 | Stepless adjustable shearing box assembling method suitable for multi-size structural plane |
| CN107991171A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-05-04 | 浙江科技学院 | Structural plane shear box based on combined multi-stage limiting plate |
| CN111300359A (en) * | 2020-02-13 | 2020-06-19 | 山东华宇工学院 | Satellite automatic test platform and test method |
| CN113376032A (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2021-09-10 | 西京学院 | Double-glue-layer shear test die and operation method thereof |
| CN114354388A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-04-15 | 中铁建新疆京新高速公路有限公司 | Soil mass structure concrete dynamic shear creep experimental apparatus |
| CN114354388B (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2023-10-03 | 中铁建新疆京新高速公路有限公司 | Soil body structure concrete dynamic shear creep experimental apparatus |
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