CN107941597B - Shearing box scaling device for large-size rectangular geotechnical direct shear apparatus - Google Patents
Shearing box scaling device for large-size rectangular geotechnical direct shear apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN107941597B CN107941597B CN201711207421.1A CN201711207421A CN107941597B CN 107941597 B CN107941597 B CN 107941597B CN 201711207421 A CN201711207421 A CN 201711207421A CN 107941597 B CN107941597 B CN 107941597B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0003—Steady
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0025—Shearing
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of geotechnical engineering, and particularly relates to a shear box scaling device for a large-size rectangular geotechnical direct shear apparatus. The upper reducing ruler box comprises a reducing ruler box body, a fixing screw and a fixing hole, and the lower reducing ruler box comprises a bottom plate, a floating spring, an upper cover, a fixing screw and a fixing hole. The lower reducing rule box is connected with the bottom plate and the upper cover through the floating spring to form a hollow rectangular combination body with variable height, the length and the width of the upper reducing rule box and the width of the lower reducing rule box are equal, and the height of the upper reducing rule box and the lower reducing rule box is designed according to the requirement of the geotechnical direct shear apparatus. The upper and lower reducing rule boxes are respectively fixed in the upper and lower shearing boxes of the geotechnical direct shear apparatus, so that the test stress level is increased by reducing the size of the shearing box under the condition of not modifying a large-size rectangular geotechnical direct shear apparatus device, and the enhancement and expansion of the test capability of the apparatus in the geotechnical direct shear test are realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of geotechnical engineering, and particularly relates to a shear box scaling device for a large-size rectangular geotechnical direct shear apparatus.
Background
In the scientific research and practice of civil engineering and geotechnical engineering, the geotechnical direct shear test is an important test means for testing the physical and mechanical properties of soil and is commonly adopted by various scientific research institutions, engineering investigation and design units and construction units. The experiment of different grade type such as low-speed shearing, fast-speed shearing need be carried out including using geotechnological direct shear appearance to traditional geotechnological direct shear test, in order to obtain more representative experimental data, many scientific research units, reconnaissance design unit, construction unit have generally been equipped with jumbo size rectangle geotechnological direct shear appearance at present, and this kind of jumbo size rectangle geotechnological direct shear appearance generally is equipped with rectangular shearing box, and shearing box includes shearing box and lower shearing box two parts, forms the shear plane between the shearing box. The direct shear test firstly needs to apply a positive pressure in the vertical direction of the shear box, and the maximum value of the positive pressure depends on the maximum force which can be applied by a direct shear apparatus; after the purpose of positive pressure application is completed, the upper shearing box and the lower shearing box are relatively displaced under the driving of the horizontal actuating device of the direct shear apparatus, the soil body in the shearing boxes is deformed and damaged, and the shearing mechanical characteristics of the soil body material can be obtained by measuring the deformation and stress conditions in the whole shearing process, so that the engineering parameters of the tested soil body are determined. However, the device is limited by the limited load application capacity of many instruments, and often cannot test the soil body shearing property under the condition of high normal stress, at the moment, the size of the shearing box can be reduced, and under the condition that the vertical force and the horizontal force are not changed, higher normal stress and shear stress can be obtained, so that the test purpose is realized. However, in the application process of vertical force and horizontal force, the thickness of the soil body in the shear box changes, and at present, the shear box scaling device which can fill the internal space of the shear box and can reduce the volume in the shear process needs to be realized urgently, so that the experimental work in this aspect is carried out smoothly.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a shear box scaling device of a large-size geotechnical shear apparatus.
The invention provides a shear box reducing device of a large-size geotechnical shear apparatus, which consists of an upper reducing box with invariable volume and a lower reducing box with variable volume, wherein:
the upper reduced scale box 4 is of a cuboid structure, the opening is upward, the lower surface of the bottom plate is horizontal, and upper reduced scale box fixing holes 8 are formed in two sides of the lower reduced scale box; the size of the upper reduced scale box 4 is determined according to the size of a shearing box of a large-size soil shearing instrument, the length of the upper reduced scale box 4 is equal to the width of the shearing box, and the thickness of the upper reduced scale box 4 is equal to the depth of the upper shearing box of the large-size soil shearing instrument;
the lower reducing rule box consists of a lower reducing rule box bottom plate 1, a floating spring 2, a lower reducing rule box upper cover 3, a lower reducing rule box fixing screw 5 and a lower reducing rule box fixing hole 7, wherein the lower reducing rule box bottom plate 1 is a U-shaped component, the opening is upward, two circular grooves are formed in the upper surface of the bottom plate, the floating spring 2 is fixed in the circular grooves, two lower reducing rule box fixing holes 7 are also formed in two ends of the upper surface of the lower reducing rule box 1, the lower reducing rule box fixing screw 5 can be firmly fixed on the bottom plate of the lower shearing box of the large-size shearing instrument through the lower reducing rule box fixing hole 7, the lower reducing rule box cover plate 3 is a U-shaped component, the opening is downward, the vertical two wall sizes are matched with the two wall sizes of the lower reducing rule box bottom plate 1, the two walls of the lower reducing rule box bottom plate 1 just can wrap the two walls of the lower reducing rule box cover plate 3 to form a hollow component, the upper end and the lower surface of the lower reducing rule box cover plate 3 are respectively contacted with, the whole lower reducing rule box is a rigid component with variable vertical thickness and fixed longitudinal thickness; the size of the lower reducing rule box is determined according to the size of a shearing box of a large-size soil shearing instrument, the length of the lower reducing rule box is equal to the width of the lower shearing box, the thickness of the whole lower reducing rule box is variable, and the maximum thickness and the minimum thickness of the lower reducing rule box both depend on the maximum depth and the minimum depth of the lower shearing box of the large-size soil direct shearing instrument;
the shearing box of the large-size soil body shearing instrument with the upper reducing rule box is placed above the shearing box of the large-size soil body shearing instrument with the lower reducing rule box to form a reduced-rule shearing box system.
According to the invention, the size of the lower reducing rule box is determined according to the size of the shearing box of the large-size soil shearing instrument, the length of the lower reducing rule box is equal to the width of the lower shearing box, the overall thickness of the lower reducing rule box is variable, and the maximum thickness and the minimum thickness are determined by the maximum depth and the minimum depth of the lower shearing box of the large-size soil direct shearing instrument.
In the present invention, the upper reducing rule box 4 is a steel groove-shaped member.
In the invention, the bottom plate 1 of the lower reduced ruler box is a steel U-shaped component.
In the invention, an upper and lower reducing rule box system (as shown in fig. 1-6) can be simultaneously provided with a plurality of sets, the matching quantity is selected according to experimental requirements, each upper shearing box is provided with 2 upper reducing rule box fixing screws 6 for fixing on a side limit frame of the upper shearing box, and each lower shearing box is provided with 2 lower reducing rule box fixing screws 5 for fixing on a bottom plate of the lower shearing box; in order to ensure that the device provided by the invention can operate correctly, screw holes are reserved at corresponding positions of an upper shear box side limit frame and a lower shear box bottom plate of a large-size rectangular geotechnical direct shear apparatus in a reduced-size device, and are used for fixing the device provided by the invention.
The working process of the invention is as follows:
the reducing box device provided by the invention is mainly used for reducing the size of the shearing surface in the shearing box of the large-size rectangular geotechnical direct shear apparatus, and reducing the length of the shearing surface in the shearing box under the condition of not changing the width of the shearing box, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the shearing box. The specific working process is as follows:
the lower reduced ruler box bottom plate 1 is firmly fixed on a lower shearing box bottom plate 9 through a lower reduced ruler box fixing screw 5, the fixed position is generally at one end of the shearing box, three side surfaces of the reduced ruler box are in contact with a side limiting frame of the shearing box, and no gap is reserved; the floating spring 2 is arranged in a reserved circular groove on the bottom plate 1 of the lower reduced scale box, the floating spring 2 can be fixed by glue, and the floating spring 2 is large in size, cannot overturn generally and can not be fixed; the lower reducing rule box cover plate 3 is placed on the floating spring 2 to form a lower reducing rule box system, and under a certain positive pressure, the thickness of the lower reducing rule box system can be reduced along with the lower reducing rule box cover plate, so that the deformation function is realized; the upper reducing rule box 4 is fixed on an upper shearing box side limiting frame 11 with a prefabricated screw hole by an upper reducing rule box fixing screw 6 through a fixing hole 8 on the upper reducing rule box 4 so as to be matched with a lower shearing box system. After the installation of one reducing rule box is completed, the other reducing rule box can be installed at the other end of the shearing box according to the experiment requirements; after the scale reducing box is installed, a test soil body can be placed in the shearing box, then a vertical positive pressure applying stage of the geotechnical direct shear test is carried out, and in the positive pressure applying process, the thickness of the lower shearing box system is reduced; when the vertical load is applied, the horizontal direct shearing operation can be carried out, and the upper and lower shearing box systems play a role in laterally limiting the tested soil body in the shearing process due to higher rigidity.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the device has the greatest advantage that the device can achieve the aim of enhancing the testing capability of the instrument in the geotechnical direct shear test by reducing the size of the shear box and increasing the test stress level without modifying the structure of the large-size geotechnical direct shear instrument. In the vertical force application process of the large-size rectangular geotechnical direct shear apparatus, the soil body in the shear box is a main bearer of positive pressure, the vertical pressure is not borne by the reduced scale box due to the action of the internal floating spring, the thickness of the reduced scale box is consistent with the volume change of the stressed soil body along with the vertical loading, the relative movement requirement of the reduced scale device and the lateral limit requirement on the tested soil body can be met in the horizontal shearing stage of the direct shear test, and the requirement of the large-size rectangular geotechnical direct shear apparatus on the experimental means of the reduced scale device is met.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a left side view of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a right side view of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a top view of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the opening of the lower zoom box of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the installation of the lower reduction box of the present invention in the lower shear box.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the mounting of the upper reduction box of the present invention in the upper shear box.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the installation of the double-scale case of the present invention.
Reference numbers in the figures: the lower cutting box comprises a lower cutting box bottom plate 1, a lower cutting box cover plate 2, a floating spring 3, an upper cutting box 4, a lower cutting box fixing screw 5, an upper cutting box fixing screw 6, a lower cutting box fixing hole 7, an upper cutting box fixing hole 8, a lower cutting box bottom plate 9, a lower cutting box side limit frame 10 and an upper cutting box side limit frame 11.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below by way of examples.
Example 1:
as shown in the figure, the device consists of an upper reduced scale box with invariable volume and a lower reduced scale box with variable volume, wherein the upper reduced scale box consists of an upper reduced scale box 4 body, an upper reduced scale box fixing screw 6 and an upper reduced scale box fixing hole 8; the lower reduced scale box system comprises a bottom plate 1 of the lower reduced scale box system, a floating spring 2, an upper cover 3 of the lower reduced scale box, a fixing screw 5 of the lower reduced scale box and a fixing hole 7 of the lower reduced scale box. The upper reducing rule box 4 is a steel groove-shaped component, the opening is upward, and the lower surface of the bottom plate is horizontal. The size of the upper reduced scale box is determined according to the size of a shearing box of a large-size soil shearing instrument, the length of the upper reduced scale box 4 is equal to the width of the shearing box, and the thickness of the upper reduced scale box 4 is equal to the depth of the upper shearing box of the large-size soil shearing instrument. The bottom plate 1 of the lower reducing rule box is a steel U-shaped component with an upward opening, the upper surface of the bottom plate is provided with two circular grooves, the floating spring 2 is fixed in the circular groove on the upper surface of the bottom plate 1 of the lower reducing rule box, two lower reduced scale box fixing holes 7 are arranged at two ends of the upper surface of the bottom plate 1, screws 5 are fixed through the lower reduced scale boxes, the lower reducing ruler box cover plate 3 is made of steel U-shaped, the opening is downward, the size of two vertical walls is matched with the size of two walls of the lower reducing ruler box base plate 1, the two walls of the lower reducing ruler box base plate 1 just can wrap the two walls of the lower reducing ruler box cover plate 3 to form a hollow component form, the upper end and the lower end of the floating spring 2 are respectively in contact with the lower surface of the lower reducing ruler box cover plate 3 and the upper surface of the lower reducing ruler box base plate 1, and therefore the whole lower reducing ruler box system is a rigid component which is variable in vertical thickness and fixed in longitudinal thickness. The size of the lower reducing rule box is determined according to the size of a shearing box of a large-size soil shearing instrument, the length of the lower reducing rule box is equal to the width of the lower shearing box, the overall thickness of the lower reducing rule box is variable, and the maximum thickness and the minimum thickness of the lower reducing rule box are determined by the maximum depth and the minimum depth of the lower shearing box of the large-size soil direct shearing instrument. In this embodiment, for performing a general soil body direct shear test, the rated maximum positive pressure of the originally designed large-size rectangular geotechnical direct shear apparatus is 500 kPa, the size of the shear plane is 600 mm × 200 mm, and the rated maximum vertical positive pressure of the apparatus can be calculated to be 60 kN, so that the apparatus is expected to be dust-free for a test with a test target of 700 kPa. By the device provided by the invention, the capability of the same geotechnical direct shear test can be improved and the test quality can be ensured at the same time by reducing the size of the shear surface in the shear box under the condition that the positive pressure capability of the instrument is not changed. The specific implementation method comprises the following steps: two sets of lower reducing rule box bottom plates 1 are firmly fixed at two ends of a lower shearing box bottom plate 9 through lower reducing rule box fixing screws 5, the size of each reducing rule box is 200 mm multiplied by 100 mm, three side surfaces of each reducing rule box are in contact with a shearing box side limit frame, and no gap is reserved; two groups of floating springs 2 (four in total) are respectively arranged in the circular grooves reserved on the bottom plates 1 of the two lower reduced-size boxes, and the floating springs 2 are fixed by glue; placing two lower reducing rule box cover plates 3 on the floating spring 2 to form a lower reducing rule box system; two upper reduced rule boxes 4 are fixed at two ends of an upper shearing box side limiting frame 11 with a prefabricated screw hole by using upper reduced rule box fixing screws 6 through fixing holes 8 on the upper reduced rule boxes 4 so as to be matched with a lower shearing box system; after the reduced scale box is installed, a test soil body of the geotechnical direct shear test is placed in the shear box, and the size of a shear surface of the soil body is reduced to 400 mm multiplied by 200 mm; then, carrying out a vertical positive pressure applying stage of the geotechnical direct shear test, wherein the actual applied positive stress on the shearing surface is 750 kPa in the applying process of the vertical force of 60 kN; after the vertical load is applied to achieve the purpose, horizontal direct shearing operation can be carried out, and the upper and lower shearing box systems play a role in lateral limitation of the tested soil body in the shearing process. Referring to fig. 1 to 9, those skilled in the art can easily implement the method.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a jumbo size geotechnique shearing appearance shearing box reduced scale device comprises volume unchangeable last reduced scale box and volume changeable lower reduced scale box two parts, its characterized in that:
the upper reducing rule box is of a cuboid structure, the opening is upward, the lower surface of the bottom plate is horizontal, and upper reducing rule box fixing holes (8) are formed in two sides of the upper reducing rule box; the size of the upper reducing rule box is determined according to the size of a shearing box of a large-size soil shearing instrument, the length of the upper reducing rule box (4) is equal to the width of the shearing box, and the thickness of the upper reducing rule box (4) is equal to the depth of the upper shearing box of the large-size soil shearing instrument;
the lower reducing rule box consists of a lower reducing rule box bottom plate (1), a floating spring (2), a lower reducing rule box upper cover (3), a lower reducing rule box fixing screw (5) and a lower reducing rule box fixing hole (7), wherein the lower reducing rule box bottom plate (1) is a U-shaped component, the opening is upward, the upper surface of the bottom plate is provided with two circular grooves, the floating spring (2) is fixed in the circular grooves, two lower reducing rule box fixing holes (7) are also formed at two ends of the upper surface of the lower reducing rule box bottom plate (1), the lower reducing rule box fixing screw (5) can be firmly fixed on the bottom plate of the lower shearing box of the large-size shearing instrument by penetrating through the lower reducing rule box fixing hole (7), the lower reducing rule box upper cover (3) is a U-shaped component, the opening is downward, the size of two vertical walls is matched with the size of the two walls of the lower reducing rule box bottom plate (1), and the two walls of the lower reducing rule box upper cover (3) can just wrap the two walls of the lower reducing rule box bottom plate, the upper end and the lower end of the floating spring (2) are respectively contacted with the lower surface of the upper cover (3) of the lower reducing rule box and the upper surface of the bottom plate (1) of the lower reducing rule box, so that the whole lower reducing rule box is a rigid member with variable vertical thickness and fixed longitudinal thickness; the size of the lower reducing rule box is determined according to the size of a shearing box of a large-size soil shearing instrument, the length of the lower reducing rule box is equal to the width of the lower shearing box, the thickness of the whole lower reducing rule box is variable, and the maximum thickness and the minimum thickness of the lower reducing rule box both depend on the maximum depth and the minimum depth of the lower shearing box of the large-size soil direct shearing instrument;
the upper shearing box of the large-size soil body shearing instrument with the upper reducing rule box is placed above the lower shearing box of the large-size soil body shearing instrument with the lower reducing rule box.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the size of the lower reducing rule box is determined according to the size of the shearing box of the large-size soil shearing machine to be placed, the length of the lower reducing rule box is equal to the width of the lower shearing box, the thickness of the whole lower reducing rule box is variable, and the maximum thickness and the minimum thickness are determined by the maximum depth and the minimum depth of the lower shearing box of the large-size soil direct shearing machine.
3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper blade case (4) is a steel groove-shaped member.
4. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower reduction box bottom plate (1) is a steel U-shaped member.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711207421.1A CN107941597B (en) | 2017-11-27 | 2017-11-27 | Shearing box scaling device for large-size rectangular geotechnical direct shear apparatus |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711207421.1A CN107941597B (en) | 2017-11-27 | 2017-11-27 | Shearing box scaling device for large-size rectangular geotechnical direct shear apparatus |
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| CN107941597A CN107941597A (en) | 2018-04-20 |
| CN107941597B true CN107941597B (en) | 2020-10-30 |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102607966A (en) * | 2012-03-30 | 2012-07-25 | 王军 | Large contact surface characteristic direct shear apparatus with cycle loading function |
| CN202383028U (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2012-08-15 | 四川大学 | Assembled variable-size direct shear compressometer |
| CN204008332U (en) * | 2014-08-01 | 2014-12-10 | 中国路桥工程有限责任公司 | A kind of interface layer direct shear test device that adapts to different size test specimen |
| CN204314160U (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2015-05-06 | 上海大学 | A kind of shear box being applicable to large direct shear apparatus |
| CN106018124A (en) * | 2016-05-19 | 2016-10-12 | 同济大学 | Static-dynamic leakage-proof shear box device for large-size geotechnical direct shearing apparatus |
| CN106840851A (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2017-06-13 | 上海大学 | The unsaturated soil direct shear apparatus experimental rig of adjustable shearing ring diameter |
-
2017
- 2017-11-27 CN CN201711207421.1A patent/CN107941597B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN202383028U (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2012-08-15 | 四川大学 | Assembled variable-size direct shear compressometer |
| CN102607966A (en) * | 2012-03-30 | 2012-07-25 | 王军 | Large contact surface characteristic direct shear apparatus with cycle loading function |
| CN204008332U (en) * | 2014-08-01 | 2014-12-10 | 中国路桥工程有限责任公司 | A kind of interface layer direct shear test device that adapts to different size test specimen |
| CN204314160U (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2015-05-06 | 上海大学 | A kind of shear box being applicable to large direct shear apparatus |
| CN106018124A (en) * | 2016-05-19 | 2016-10-12 | 同济大学 | Static-dynamic leakage-proof shear box device for large-size geotechnical direct shearing apparatus |
| CN106840851A (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2017-06-13 | 上海大学 | The unsaturated soil direct shear apparatus experimental rig of adjustable shearing ring diameter |
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| CN107941597A (en) | 2018-04-20 |
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