CN106840486B - Full distributed Dedenda's bending stress device for dynamically detecting and method - Google Patents
Full distributed Dedenda's bending stress device for dynamically detecting and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106840486B CN106840486B CN201710014460.3A CN201710014460A CN106840486B CN 106840486 B CN106840486 B CN 106840486B CN 201710014460 A CN201710014460 A CN 201710014460A CN 106840486 B CN106840486 B CN 106840486B
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- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 claims description 49
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005622 photoelectricity Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009022 nonlinear effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012952 Resampling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035559 beat frequency Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 43
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005483 Hooke's law Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006355 external stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000985 reflectance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012958 reprocessing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/24—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet
- G01L1/242—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet the material being an optical fibre
- G01L1/246—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet the material being an optical fibre using integrated gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/26—Auxiliary measures taken, or devices used, in connection with the measurement of force, e.g. for preventing influence of transverse components of force, for preventing overload
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of full distributed Dedenda's bending stress device for dynamically detecting and method, it includes frequency swept laser, optical splitter C1, optical splitter C2, coupler C3, coupler C4, polarization-maintaining photo-coupler C5, coupler C6, analyzer A1, analyzer A2, photodetector D1, photodetector D2, photodetector D3, photodetector D4, optical circulator, fiber rotation connector, time delay optical fiber, wavelength calibration tool, isolator, processor, the polarization-maintaining fiber grating being axially attached to along Gear Root in Gear Root.The present invention can be with the bending stress of Real-time and Dynamic Detection each point at Gear Root, and accuracy rate is high, spatial resolution with higher, and structure is simple, does not interfere vulnerable to extraneous factors such as temperature, electromagnetism.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fiber grating Dedenda's bending stress detection technique fields, and in particular to a kind of full distributed tooth root is curved
Transverse stress device for dynamically detecting and method.
Background technique
In fields such as automobile, agricultural machinery, transmission, industry, gear has relatively broad application, has and is driven where all
It is unable to do without various gear combinations.And the failure of tooth root flexural fatigue is to influence one of the important behaviour form of gear performance, so smart
Really and in real time the bending stress of detection Gear Root everywhere is significantly.(length is big for overlength polarization-maintaining fiber grating
In 10cm) there is many good characteristics such as flexible, insertion loss is small, stress applied area and covering in polarization-maintaining fiber grating structure
Between thermal expansion coefficient there are difference so that there are stress birfringence phenomenons for grating, due to the presence of birefringent phenomenon, grating
For reflectance spectrum there are two kinds of polarization states, such overlength polarization-maintaining fiber grating can be equivalent at two common long gratings, and two
The influence of stress suffered by root grating and temperature is identical, but response characteristic is different, and because of the overlength optical fiber raster grid period
It is short and grid region length is long, therefore can be segmented into and formed by multiple short grating alignments.After incident light injects short grating, meet its cloth
The light of glug wavelength can reflect, and when short grating is acted on by extraneous stress, the variation of pitch and refractive index can be led
Wherein heart wave length shift is caused, so the variation of suffered stress can be embodied from the variation of its central wavelength.Therefore pass through
The modulated signal of two kinds of polarization states corresponding to overlength polarization-maintaining fiber grating carries out staged demodulation, and carries out decoupling processing respectively
The strain of its corresponding points, spatial resolution with higher and accuracy can be obtained with the influence of compensation temperature.
Currently, the calculating of Dedenda's bending stress or detection method mainly have FInite Element, based on the strength of gear teeth of national standard
Calculation method and electrical measuring method etc..Such as traditional strain ga(u)ge measuring technology, answering for a metal material is sticked at Gear Root
Become piece, under ambient pressure effect, the resistance of foil gauge changes, and solves this by the resistance variations of measurement strain front and back
Place's strain, to obtain bending stress size at it, but the method has some defects, for example the foil gauge used is metal material
Material, metal material can be influenced by many extraneous factors, and it can only measure the average bending stress at Gear Root, cannot
Branch measurement；For another example the measurement method of Chinese patent CN104101380A planetary gear train fixed center Gear Root Stress strain,
It is to have multiple Bragg gratings on probe by installing raster probe at central gear root fillet, before demodulation strain
The drift value of each raster center wavelength calculates its stress afterwards, and the defect of the method is mainly that common grating length itself about exists
1cm or so, and gear width is comparatively very limited, so can only install several gratings on a tooth root, therefore this method is also only
It is capable of measuring the bending stress of a few point, there is limitation, the bending that in addition this method can only also measure on facewidth direction is answered
Power cannot achieve the bending stress measurement on the high direction of the flexure planes tooth such as spiral bevel gear；There are also Chinese patents
A kind of method for instructing gear stress mornitoring and root stress to analyze that CN105404738A is proposed, is used by ANSYS
The gear for the ring gear part that Static Method and 3D modeling software Pro/E pair are engaged with single planetary gear is analyzed, and tooth is extracted
The information such as root stress and distribution, but the method process is more complicated, can not achieve and real-time dynamicly measures, and finally obtained
It is the maximum value of tooth root equivalent stress, so detecting Dedenda's bending stress in unsuitable practical application.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of full distributed Dedenda's bending stress device for dynamically detecting and method, the devices
It is detected with method using overlength polarization-maintaining fiber grating and is strained at tooth root, its corresponding modulated signal of two kinds of polarization states is divided
Section processing, and decoupled and interfered with compensation temperature, the limitation of general grating length is breached, accuracy rate is high, and has high-altitude
Between resolution ratio, the high speed frequency swept laser in used demodulating system ensure that the real-time of detection, passes through a series of amendments
Calibration and compensation method accurately demodulate overlength polarization-maintaining fiber grating spectral drift under two kinds of polarization states everywhere, after decoupling processing
The stress of its corresponding points is obtained, to realize the full distributed Real-time and Dynamic Detection to Gear Root bending stress everywhere.
In order to solve the above technical problems, a kind of full distributed Dedenda's bending stress device for dynamically detecting disclosed by the invention,
It includes frequency swept laser, optical splitter C1, optical splitter C2, coupler C3, coupler C4, polarization-maintaining photo-coupler C5, coupling
Device C6, analyzer A1, analyzer A2, photodetector D1, photodetector D2, photodetector D3, photodetector D4, light
Circulator, time delay optical fiber, wavelength calibration tool, isolator, processor, along Gear Root is axially attached to tooth at fiber rotation connector
Take turns the polarization-maintaining fiber grating on tooth root, wherein the swept-frequency signal output end connection optical splitter C1's of the frequency swept laser is defeated
Enter end, the input terminal of the first output end connection optical splitter C2 of optical splitter C1, the second output terminal of optical splitter C1 passes through
Isolator connects the input terminal of coupler C3, the input terminal of the first output end connection coupler C4 of optical splitter C2, optical branching
The input terminal of the second output terminal connection wavelength calibration tool of device C2, the input of the first output end connection coupler C6 of coupler C4
End, the second output terminal of coupler C4 connect the input terminal of coupler C6, the output end connection of coupler C6 by time delay optical fiber
The input terminal of photodetector D1, the input terminal of the output end connection photodetector D2 of wavelength calibration tool, the of coupler C3
One output end connects the input terminal of polarization-maintaining photo-coupler C5, and the first of the second output terminal connection optical circulator of coupler C3 connects
Mouthful, the fixing end connection jaws of the second interface connection fiber rotation connector of optical circulator, the round end of fiber rotation connector
Connection jaws connect one end of polarization-maintaining fiber grating, and the input terminal of the third interface connection polarization-maintaining photo-coupler C5 of optical circulator is protected
The first output end of polarisation coupler C5 passes through the input terminal of analyzer A1 connection photodetector D3, polarization-maintaining photo-coupler C5's
Second output terminal passes through the input terminal of analyzer A2 connection photodetector D4, photodetector D1, photodetector D2, photoelectricity
The signal output end of detector D3 and photodetector D4 are all connected with the signal input part of processor.
A kind of full distributed Dedenda's bending stress dynamic testing method using above-mentioned apparatus, which is characterized in that it includes
Following steps:
Step 1: tested gear is placed in stationary state；
Step 2: frequency swept laser issues sweeping laser, which enters optical splitter C1；
Step 3: the first output end output amendment channel sweeping laser signal of optical splitter C1, the second of optical splitter C1
Output end exports Measurement channel sweeping laser signal；
Step 4: the amendment channel sweeping laser signal in step 3 enters optical splitter C2 and is divided into two beam sweeping lasers；Step
Measurement channel sweeping laser signal enters coupler C3 after isolator (9) and is divided into two beam sweeping lasers in rapid 3；
Step 5: the sweeping laser of the first output end of optical splitter C2 output enters coupler C4, and the first of coupler C4
The sweeping laser of output end output is directly entered the input terminal of coupler C6, and the frequency sweep of the second output terminal output of coupler C4 swashs
Light enters the input terminal of coupler C6, and the sweeping laser with the output of the first output end of coupler C4 after time delay optical fiber 7
Photo-beat phenomenon is generated in coupler C6, the beat signal of photodetector D1 acquisition coupler C6 output is simultaneously converted into corresponding
Electric signal；
The sweeping laser of the second output terminal output of optical splitter C2 is filtered by wavelength calibration tool, photodetector
The optical signal of D2 acquisition wavelength calibration tool output is simultaneously converted into corresponding electric signal；
The sweeping laser of the first output end output of coupler C3 is directly entered polarization-maintaining photo-coupler C5；The of coupler C3
The sweeping laser of two output ends output enters the polarization-maintaining fiber grating being affixed in Gear Root, and polarization-maintaining fiber grating reflects two kinds
The laser signal of polarization state, the laser signal of above two polarization state enter polarization-maintaining photo-coupler C5, and the first of coupler C3 is defeated
The sweeping laser of outlet output and the laser signal of above two polarization state generate photo-beat, polarization-maintaining light in polarization-maintaining photo-coupler C5
The beat signal of coupler C5 output is respectively enterd by the beat frequency light that analyzer A1 and analyzer A2 isolate two kinds of polarization states
Photodetector D3 and photodetector D4, photodetector D1, photodetector D2, photodetector D3 and photodetector
After D4 converts electric signal for the optical signal detected respectively, it is transferred to processor；
Step 6: the electric signal obtained in the processor with photodetector D1 is to photodetector D2, photodetector D3
Interpolation resampling is carried out with the obtained electric signal of photodetector D4, to compensate the nonlinear effect of frequency swept laser；It is handling
The electric signal obtained in device with photodetector D2 is modified the sweep velocity of frequency swept laser；In the processor to photoelectricity
The electric signal that detector D2 and photodetector D3 are obtained carries out staged demodulation processing respectively, obtains respectively solving on polarization-maintaining fiber grating
Adjust wavelength of the segmentation under two kinds of polarization states；Processor decouples the wavelength under two kinds of obtained polarization states, eliminates temperature
Influence to testing result obtains the initial wavelength λ of each staged demodulation section on polarization-maintaining fiber grating under above two polarization statei,
Initial wavelength λiFor be tested gear stationary when polarization-maintaining fiber grating on each staged demodulation section wavelength；
Step 7: in the rotation of tested gear, obtaining being tested gear under above two polarization state according to the step of step 2~6
When movement on polarization-maintaining fiber grating each staged demodulation section wavelength, and find out under two kinds of polarization states be tested gear stationary and movement shape
Each staged demodulation section wavelength difference Δ λ of state, staged demodulation section wavelength difference Δ λ are only strained influence；
Step 8: processor calculates strain stress suffered by each staged demodulation section of polarization-maintaining fiber grating according to the following formulai；
Δ λ=(1-P) λiεi
Wherein, P is effective strain optical coefficient of polarization-maintaining fiber grating, εiTo be answered suffered by each staged demodulation section of polarization-maintaining fiber grating
Become, when calculating, Δ λ and λiArbitrarily select the value under the same polarization state；
Then, by each staged demodulation section of polarization-maintaining fiber grating institute it is strained according to recklessly can law obtain corresponding real-time tooth
Root distribution bending stresses.
The present invention sticks a root long degree at Gear Root and the overlength polarization-maintaining fiber grating of Gear Root equivalent width is (long
Degree is greater than 10cm).Compared with common overlength optical fiber grating, there are stress birfringence phenomenons in overlength polarization-maintaining fiber grating, anti-
There are two different polarization states for ejected wave, thus its can it is equivalent at two under the identical environment but that response characteristic is different is super
Long optical fibers grating；Compared with ordinary optic fibre grating, overlength optical fiber grating grid region length is long, and reflection bandwidth is wide, ordinary optic fibre grating
Grid region length generally only has several millimeters；Compared with long-period fiber grating, it is reflection type optical that the overlength optical fiber raster grid period is short
Grid, and long-period fiber grating grid cycle is generally several hundred microns, belongs to transmission-type grating.Just because of overlength polarization maintaining optical fibre
Grating is there are birefringent phenomenon, and there are two kinds of polarization states for reflected light, therefore it equivalent can be in equal ambient at two
Lower but different response characteristic overlength optical fiber grating, and overlength optical fiber grating grid region distance is very long, and grid cycle is short, therefore its
It equivalent can be formed again at multiple short grating alignments,
Each short grating can reflect the light wave of specific wavelength.Due to it is equivalent at each of short grating length very little, when by
When to external stress, it is believed that Strain Distribution is uniform on each short grating.In the present invention, equivalent short light may be implemented
Gate length is 1mm, it means that the spatial resolution of detection device can achieve 1mm.
If tiFor light on overlength optical fiber grating by it is equivalent at i-th of FBG reflect caused by time delay, then it is each equivalent
FBG reflection light all can with polarization-maintaining controller issue light photo-beat, and each equivalent FBG are generated at polarization-maintaining coupler
Generated corresponding photo-beat has unique frequency γvti, wherein γvFor the sweep rate of high speed frequency swept laser.
What two photodetectors of measurement module detected be respectively overlength polarization-maintaining fiber grating it is equivalent at two it is general
On logical overlength optical fiber grating it is all it is equivalent at short FBG and the light that issues of the polarization-maintaining controller beat signal that generates in the time domain
Superposition, can be such that they separate on frequency domain by carrying out FFT transform to it, then utilize the rectangular window of suitable width
Filter segmentation chooses the corresponding frequency-region signal of corresponding each equivalent FBG and carries out IFFT transformation to obtain the equivalent FBG
Signal in the time domain obtains its envelope with Hilbert transform and seeks each equivalent FBG acquisition time domain with Gauss curve fitting
The time point of peak value.The effect of calibration module and the reference module is calibration output wavelength and compensation system nonlinear effect respectively.
In this way, demodulating system can find out the reflection wavelength of tooth root bending front and back overlength polarization-maintaining fiber grating two kinds of polarization states everywhere respectively
Drift value, since optic fiber grating wavelength drift is temperature and strain being superimposed of having an impact, and the grating institute under two kinds of polarization states
By temperature and strain influenced be as, therefore carrying out decoupling reprocessing to the wavelength shift under two kinds of polarization states can be with
The influence of temperature is eliminated, the wave length shift of only strained influence is obtained.It can be quasi- in conjunction with stress sensing model and Hooke's law
Really calculate corresponding point position Dedenda's bending stress.
High speed frequency swept laser used in demodulating system of the invention can be more in designated band in a short time
Secondary scanning makes system can the bending stress variation at Gear Root with real-time dynamic monitoring.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
The bending stress at tooth root is sensed using polarization-maintaining fiber grating, by the non-thread of high speed frequency swept laser
Property frequency sweep compensate and its sweep rate be modified, and to overlength polarization-maintaining fiber grating at Gear Root two kinds partially
The equivalent FBG in arbitrary point can be with compensation temperature to testing result after the wave length shift before and after strain is decoupled under polarization state
Influence, in conjunction with stress sensing model and Hooke's law, can with the bending stress of Real-time and Dynamic Detection each point at Gear Root,
Accuracy rate is high, spatial resolution with higher, and structure is simple, does not interfere vulnerable to extraneous factors such as temperature, electromagnetism.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the overlength polarization-maintaining fiber grating schematic diagram used in the present invention；
Fig. 2 is that overlength polarization-maintaining fiber grating pastes schematic diagram in the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the device of the invention structure chart.
Wherein, 1-frequency swept laser, 2-processors, 3-optical circulators, 4-fiber rotation connectors, 5-gear teeth
Root, 6-polarization-maintaining fiber gratings, 7-time delay optical fibers, 8-wavelength calibrations tool, 9-isolators.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail:
A kind of full distributed Dedenda's bending stress device for dynamically detecting of the invention, as shown in Figures 1 to 3, it includes frequency sweep
Laser 1, optical splitter C1, optical splitter C2, coupler C3, coupler C4, polarization-maintaining photo-coupler C5, coupler C6, analyzing
Device A1, analyzer A2, photodetector D1, photodetector D2, photodetector D3, photodetector D4, optical circulator 3,
Fiber rotation connector 4, time delay optical fiber 7, wavelength calibration have 8, isolator 9, processor 2, are axially attached to gear along Gear Root 5
Polarization-maintaining fiber grating 6 on tooth root 5, wherein the swept-frequency signal output end connection optical splitter C1's of the frequency swept laser 1 is defeated
Enter end, the input terminal of the first output end connection optical splitter C2 of optical splitter C1, the second output terminal of optical splitter C1 passes through
Isolator 9 connects the input terminal of coupler C3, the input terminal of the first output end connection coupler C4 of optical splitter C2, optical branching
The input terminal of the second output terminal connection wavelength calibration tool 8 of device C2, the first output end connection coupler C6's of coupler C4 is defeated
Enter end, the second output terminal of coupler C4 connects the input terminal of coupler C6 by time delay optical fiber 7, and the output end of coupler C6 connects
The input terminal of photodetector D1 is connect, the output end of wavelength calibration tool 8 connects the input terminal of photodetector D2, coupler C3's
First output end connects the input terminal of polarization-maintaining photo-coupler C5, and the second output terminal of coupler C3 connects the first of optical circulator 3
Interface, the fixing end connection jaws of the second interface connection fiber rotation connector 4 of optical circulator 3, the rotation of fiber rotation connector 4
Turn one end of terminated line mouth connection polarization-maintaining fiber grating 6, the input of the third interface connection polarization-maintaining photo-coupler C5 of optical circulator 3
End, the first output end of polarization-maintaining photo-coupler C5 pass through the input terminal of analyzer A1 connection photodetector D3, polarization-maintaining optical coupling
The second output terminal of device C5 passes through the input terminal of analyzer A2 connection photodetector D4, photodetector D1, photodetector
The signal output end of D2, photodetector D3 and photodetector D4 are all connected with the signal input part of processor 2.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the first output end of the optical splitter C1 and the splitting ratio of second output terminal are 1:99,
The first output end of optical splitter C2 and the splitting ratio of second output terminal are 1:1.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the length of the polarization-maintaining fiber grating 6 is equal to the axial length of Gear Root 5.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the frequency for the sweeping laser that the frequency swept laser 1 exports is 40~60kHZ, preferably
50kHZ.Frequency is that the high speed frequency swept laser of 40~60kHZ ensure that the real-time of detection, high speed frequency swept laser scanning hair
Out in certain wave band wavelength be in periodical linear change light.
It is as shown in Figure 1 overlength polarization-maintaining fiber grating schematic diagram.The grid cycle of overlength polarization-maintaining fiber grating is short, and grid region
Length is long, and because there are birefringent phenomenons inside it, in actual analysis, overlength polarization-maintaining fiber grating can be waited
Two overlength optical fiber gratings under identical environment are imitated into, and every overlength optical fiber grating can be equivalent at multiple short gratings
Arrange, when it is secured at Gear Root, it is equivalent at two overlength optical fiber grating different locations respectively correspond
It is different it is equivalent at short grating, these it is equivalent at the strain that senses of short grating be exactly suffered by its corresponding position tooth root it is curved
What transverse stress generated, measurement full distributed in this way ensure that the high spatial resolution of detection system, can be made by the method
The spatial resolution of system is less than 1mm.
It is illustrated in figure 2 the stickup schematic diagram of overlength polarization-maintaining fiber grating.Overlength polarization-maintaining fiber grating is pasted on along the facewidth
At Gear Root, measured stress can be converted the bending stress of tooth root corresponding points.
A kind of full distributed Dedenda's bending stress dynamic testing method using above-mentioned apparatus, which is characterized in that it includes
Following steps:
Step 1: tested gear is placed in stationary state；
Step 2: frequency swept laser 1 issues sweeping laser, which enters optical splitter C1；
Step 3: the first output end output amendment channel sweeping laser signal of optical splitter C1, the second of optical splitter C1
Output end exports Measurement channel sweeping laser signal；
Step 4: the amendment channel sweeping laser signal in step 3 enters optical splitter C2 and is divided into two beam sweeping lasers；Step
Measurement channel sweeping laser signal enters coupler C3 after isolator 9 and is divided into two beam sweeping lasers in rapid 3；
Step 5: the sweeping laser of the first output end of optical splitter C2 output enters coupler C4, and the first of coupler C4
The sweeping laser of output end output is directly entered the input terminal of coupler C6, and the frequency sweep of the second output terminal output of coupler C4 swashs
Light enters the input terminal of coupler C6, and the sweeping laser with the output of the first output end of coupler C4 after time delay optical fiber 7
Photo-beat phenomenon is generated in coupler C6, the beat signal of photodetector D1 acquisition coupler C6 output is simultaneously converted into corresponding
Electric signal；
The sweeping laser of the second output terminal output of optical splitter C2 is filtered by wavelength calibration tool 8, photodetection
The optical signal of 8 output of device D2 acquisition wavelength calibration tool is simultaneously converted into corresponding electric signal；
The sweeping laser of the first output end output of coupler C3 is directly entered polarization-maintaining photo-coupler C5；The of coupler C3
The sweeping laser of two output ends output enters the polarization-maintaining fiber grating 6 being affixed in Gear Root 5, and polarization-maintaining fiber grating 6 reflects
The laser signal of two kinds of polarization states, the laser signal of above two polarization state enter polarization-maintaining photo-coupler C5, and the of coupler C3
The sweeping laser of one output end output and the laser signal of above two polarization state generate photo-beat in polarization-maintaining photo-coupler C5, protect
The beat signal of polarisation coupler C5 output is distinguished by the beat frequency light that analyzer A1 and analyzer A2 isolate two kinds of polarization states
Into photodetector D3 and photodetector D4, photodetector D1, photodetector D2, photodetector D3 and photoelectricity are visited
After survey device D4 converts electric signal for the optical signal detected respectively, it is transferred to processor 2；
Step 6: the electric signal obtained in processor 2 with photodetector D1 is to photodetector D2, photodetector
The electric signal that D3 and photodetector D4 are obtained carries out interpolation resampling, to compensate the nonlinear effect of frequency swept laser 1；Locating
The electric signal obtained in reason device 2 with photodetector D2 is modified the sweep velocity of frequency swept laser 1；In processor 2
Staged demodulation processing is carried out to the obtained electric signal of photodetector D2 and photodetector D3 respectively, obtains polarization-maintaining fiber grating
Respectively demodulation is segmented the wavelength under two kinds of polarization states on 6；Processor 2 decouples the wavelength under two kinds of obtained polarization states,
Eliminate influence of the temperature to testing result, obtain under above two polarization state each staged demodulation section on polarization-maintaining fiber grating 6 just
Beginning wavelength Xi, initial wavelength λiFor be tested gear stationary when polarization-maintaining fiber grating 6 on each staged demodulation section wavelength；
Step 7: in the rotation of tested gear, obtaining being tested gear under above two polarization state according to the step of step 2~6
When movement on polarization-maintaining fiber grating 6 each staged demodulation section wavelength, and find out under two kinds of polarization states be tested gear stationary and movement
Each staged demodulation section wavelength difference Δ λ of state, staged demodulation section wavelength difference Δ λ are only strained influence；
Step 8: processor 2 calculates strain stress suffered by each staged demodulation section of polarization-maintaining fiber grating 6 according to the following formulai；
Δ λ=(1-P) λiεi
Wherein, P is effective strain optical coefficient of polarization-maintaining fiber grating 6, εiFor suffered by each staged demodulation section of polarization-maintaining fiber grating 6
Strain, when calculating, Δ λ and λiArbitrarily select the value under the same polarization state；
Then, by polarization-maintaining fiber grating 6 each staged demodulation section institute it is strained according to recklessly can law obtain it is corresponding in real time
Tooth root distribution bending stresses.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the length of the staged demodulation section is 1mm.
In the step 3 of above-mentioned technical proposal, the first output end of optical splitter C1 and the splitting ratio of second output terminal are 1:
99。
In the step 4 of above-mentioned technical proposal, amendment channel sweeping laser signal enters optical splitter C2 by the splitting ratio of 1:1
It is divided into two beam sweeping lasers.
The present invention can more precisely and real-time dynamicly detect at tooth root in overlength polarization-maintaining fiber grating it is equivalent at
Two overlength optical fiber gratings be respectively in the central wavelength drift that strain front and back occurs, temperature-compensating can be achieved after decoupling, then tie
Hooke's law in the stress sensing model and the mechanics of materials of light combination grid, the bending that can accurately obtain at tooth root each point are answered
Force value, spatial resolution with higher, the high speed frequency swept laser used in demodulating system ensure that the real-time of detection,
System structure is simple, does not interfere vulnerable to extraneous factors such as temperature, electromagnetism.
The content that this specification is not described in detail belongs to the prior art well known to professional and technical personnel in the field.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of full distributed Dedenda's bending stress dynamic detection using full distributed Dedenda's bending stress device for dynamically detecting
Method, full distributed Dedenda's bending stress device for dynamically detecting include frequency swept laser (1), optical splitter C1, optical splitter C2,
Coupler C3, coupler C4, polarization-maintaining photo-coupler C5, coupler C6, analyzer A1, analyzer A2, photodetector D1, photoelectricity
Detector D2, photodetector D3, photodetector D4, optical circulator (3), fiber rotation connector (4), time delay optical fiber (7),
Wavelength calibration tool (8), processor (2), along Gear Root (5) is axially attached to polarization-maintaining light on Gear Root (5) at isolator (9)
Fine grating (6), wherein the input terminal of the swept-frequency signal output end connection optical splitter C1 of the frequency swept laser (1), optical branching
The input terminal of the first output end connection optical splitter C2 of device C1, the second output terminal of optical splitter C1 are connected by isolator (9)
Connect the input terminal of coupler C3, the input terminal of the first output end connection coupler C4 of optical splitter C2, the of optical splitter C2
Two output ends connect the input terminal of wavelength calibration tool (8), the input terminal of the first output end connection coupler C6 of coupler C4, coupling
The second output terminal of clutch C4 connects the input terminal of coupler C6 by time delay optical fiber (7), and the output end of coupler C6 connects light
The input terminal of electric explorer D1, wavelength calibration have an input terminal of the output end connection photodetector D2 of (8), and the of coupler C3
One output end connects the input terminal of polarization-maintaining photo-coupler C5, and the second output terminal of coupler C3 connects the first of optical circulator (3)
Interface, the fixing end connection jaws of second interface connection fiber rotation connector (4) of optical circulator (3), fiber rotation connector
(4) the third interface of one end of round end connection jaws connection polarization-maintaining fiber grating (6), optical circulator (3) connects polarization-maintaining optocoupler
The input terminal of clutch C5, the first output end of polarization-maintaining photo-coupler C5 pass through the input of analyzer A1 connection photodetector D3
End, the second output terminal of polarization-maintaining photo-coupler C5 pass through the input terminal of analyzer A2 connection photodetector D4, photodetector
D1, photodetector D2, photodetector D3 and photodetector D4 signal output end be all connected with processor (2) signal it is defeated
Enter end；
It is characterized in that, full distributed Dedenda's bending stress dynamic testing method, including following method:
Step 1: tested gear is placed in stationary state；
Step 2: frequency swept laser (1) issues sweeping laser, which enters optical splitter C1；
Step 3: the first output end output amendment channel sweeping laser signal of optical splitter C1, the second output of optical splitter C1
End output Measurement channel sweeping laser signal；
Step 4: the amendment channel sweeping laser signal in step 3 enters optical splitter C2 and is divided into two beam sweeping lasers；In step 3
Measurement channel sweeping laser signal enters coupler C3 after isolator (9) and is divided into two beam sweeping lasers；
Step 5: the sweeping laser of the first output end output of optical splitter C2 enters coupler C4, the first output of coupler C4
The sweeping laser of end output is directly entered the input terminal of coupler C6, the sweeping laser warp of the second output terminal output of coupler C4
The input terminal that time delay optical fiber (7) enters coupler C6 afterwards is crossed, and is existed with the sweeping laser of the first output end of coupler C4 output
Photo-beat phenomenon is generated in coupler C6, the beat signal of photodetector D1 acquisition coupler C6 output is simultaneously converted into corresponding electricity
Signal；
The sweeping laser of the second output terminal output of optical splitter C2 is filtered by wavelength calibration tool (8), photodetector
The optical signal of D2 acquisition wavelength calibration tool (8) output is simultaneously converted into corresponding electric signal；
The sweeping laser of the first output end output of coupler C3 is directly entered polarization-maintaining photo-coupler C5；The second of coupler C3 is defeated
The sweeping laser of outlet output enters the polarization-maintaining fiber grating (6) being affixed on Gear Root (5), polarization-maintaining fiber grating (6) reflection
The laser signal of two kinds of polarization states out, the laser signal of above two polarization state enter polarization-maintaining photo-coupler C5, coupler C3's
The sweeping laser of first output end output and the laser signal of above two polarization state generate photo-beat in polarization-maintaining photo-coupler C5,
The beat signal of polarization-maintaining photo-coupler C5 output isolates the beat frequency light point of two kinds of polarization states by analyzer A1 and analyzer A2
Not Jin Ru photodetector D3 and photodetector D4, photodetector D1, photodetector D2, photodetector D3 and photoelectricity
After detector D4 converts electric signal for the optical signal detected respectively, it is transferred to processor (2)；
Step 6: the electric signal obtained in processor (2) with photodetector D1 is to photodetector D2, photodetector D3
Interpolation resampling is carried out with the obtained electric signal of photodetector D4, to compensate the nonlinear effect of frequency swept laser (1)；Locating
The electric signal obtained in reason device (2) with photodetector D2 is modified the sweep velocity of frequency swept laser (1)；In processor
(2) in staged demodulation processing is carried out to the obtained electric signal of photodetector D2 and photodetector D3 respectively, obtains polarization-maintaining light
Wavelength of each demodulation segmentation under two kinds of polarization states on fine grating (6)；Processor (2) is to the wavelength under two kinds of obtained polarization states
It is decoupled, eliminates influence of the temperature to testing result, obtain each segmentation on polarization-maintaining fiber grating (6) under above two polarization state
Demodulate the initial wavelength λ of sectioni, initial wavelength λiWhen to be tested gear stationary on polarization-maintaining fiber grating (6) each staged demodulation section wave
It is long；
Step 7: in the rotation of tested gear, the mode according to step 2~6 obtains being tested gear movement under above two polarization state
When polarization-maintaining fiber grating (6) on each staged demodulation section wavelength, and find out and be tested gear stationary and movement shape under two kinds of polarization states
Each staged demodulation section wavelength difference Δ λ of state, staged demodulation section wavelength difference Δ λ are only strained influence；
Step 8: processor (2) calculates strain stress suffered by each staged demodulation section of polarization-maintaining fiber grating (6) according to the following formulai；
Δ λ=(1-P) λiεi
Wherein, P is effective strain optical coefficient of polarization-maintaining fiber grating (6), εiFor suffered by each staged demodulation section of polarization-maintaining fiber grating (6)
Strain, when calculating, Δ λ and λiArbitrarily select the value under the same polarization state；
Then, by each staged demodulation section of polarization-maintaining fiber grating (6) institute it is strained according to recklessly can law obtain corresponding real-time tooth
Root distribution bending stresses.
2. full distributed Dedenda's bending stress dynamic testing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the light point
The first output end of road device C1 and the splitting ratio of second output terminal are 1:99, the first output end of optical splitter C2 and the second output
The splitting ratio at end is 1:1.
3. full distributed Dedenda's bending stress dynamic testing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the polarization-maintaining
The length of fiber grating (6) is equal to the axial length of Gear Root (5).
4. full distributed Dedenda's bending stress dynamic testing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the frequency sweep
The frequency of the sweeping laser of laser (1) output is 40~60kHZ.
5. full distributed Dedenda's bending stress dynamic testing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the segmentation
The length for demodulating section is 1mm.
6. full distributed Dedenda's bending stress dynamic testing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step
In 3, the first output end of optical splitter C1 and the splitting ratio of second output terminal are 1:99.
7. full distributed Dedenda's bending stress dynamic testing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step
4: the amendment channel sweeping laser signal in step 3 enters optical splitter C2 and is divided into two beam sweeping lasers by the splitting ratio of 1:1.
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| CN110435713A (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2019-11-12 | 深圳市科安达轨道交通技术有限公司 | A kind of axle counting system based on fiber grating |
| CN112595443B (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-10-22 | 重庆大学 | Gear ring load distribution detection system and method |
| CN117591837B (en) * | 2024-01-19 | 2024-04-02 | 中国航发四川燃气涡轮研究院 | Method for diagnosing feasibility of mounting scheme of strain gauge of rotor blade of gas compressor |
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| CN105588661A (en) * | 2015-11-12 | 2016-05-18 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Device for simultaneous measurement of single-point and regional temperatures through preserving polarization fiber grating |
| CN106248118A (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2016-12-21 | 武汉理工大学 | High wavelength resolution optical fiber grating regulating system and method |
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| US6731423B1 (en) * | 2001-08-15 | 2004-05-04 | Neumann Information Systems Inc | Optical amplifier and method |
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| CN101526376A (en) * | 2008-03-04 | 2009-09-09 | 电子科技大学 | Polarization fiber sensor |
| CN102262177A (en) * | 2011-07-05 | 2011-11-30 | 中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所 | Full-optical fiber pulse current sensor |
| CN102322880A (en) * | 2011-08-18 | 2012-01-18 | 天津大学 | Polarization sensitive distributive optical frequency domain reflection disturbance sensor and demodulation method |
| CN104101380A (en) * | 2014-07-02 | 2014-10-15 | 西安交通大学 | Method for measuring stress and strain of gear root of fixed center gear of planetary gear train |
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