CN103644991A - Dual-FBG (fiber bragg grating) stress sensor based on DFB (Distributed Feed Back) laser demodulation and stress measuring method - Google Patents
Dual-FBG (fiber bragg grating) stress sensor based on DFB (Distributed Feed Back) laser demodulation and stress measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103644991A CN103644991A CN201310737810.0A CN201310737810A CN103644991A CN 103644991 A CN103644991 A CN 103644991A CN 201310737810 A CN201310737810 A CN 201310737810A CN 103644991 A CN103644991 A CN 103644991A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a dual-FBG (fiber bragg grating) stress sensor based on DFB (Distributed Feed Back) laser demodulation and a stress measuring method, and belongs to the field of measurement of a fiber bragg grating sensor, aiming at solving the problem that a measuring process is influenced by temperature because the fiber bragg grating does not have an automatic temperature compensation function when the static pulling force is measured in a common demodulation technology of a traditional fiber bragg grating sensor. According to the dual-FBG stress sensor based on DFB laser demodulation and the stress measuring method, a beam splitter splits a narrow-band laser emitted by a DFB laser into two lasers with the same intensity, the two lasers are respectively detected by two photoelectric detectors so that an optical signal is transformed to an electrical signal; a data processing module realizes the automatic temperature tracking compensation on the tuning amount of the transforming wavelength of the electrical signal; the voltage is only related to stress instead of temperature, so that the measuring process can not be influenced by the temperature. The dual-FBG stress sensor and the stress measuring method which are disclosed by the invention are suitable for measuring the static pulling force or dynamic pulling force in the common demodulation technology of the fiber bragg grating sensor.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fiber-optic grating sensor fields of measurement.
Background technology
Due to fiber grating have highly sensitive, anti-electromagnetic interference (EMI), can remote sense, easily heeling-in, easily the good characteristic such as stick, therefore at numerous areas, be widely used.Distributed Feedback Laser distributed feedback laser fiber grating demodulation method is the demodulation techniques that fiber-optic grating sensor is conventional, yet this demodulation method can not carry out auto-compensation to temperature when measuring static pulling force, has therefore limited being widely used of the method.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is in order to solve in the demodulation techniques that existing fiber grating sensor is conventional, when measuring static pulling force, fiber grating does not have temperature self-compensation function, and then cause the problem of measuring process temperature influence, strain gauge and the method for measuring stress of the double optical fiber grating based on Distributed Feedback Laser demodulation is now provided.
The strain gauge of the double optical fiber grating based on Distributed Feedback Laser demodulation, it comprises: Distributed Feedback Laser, optical splitter, the first circulator, the second circulator, sensor fibre grating, matched fiber grating, the first photodetector, the second photodetector, data processing module and wavelength-modulated device;
The laser that Distributed Feedback Laser sends incides in optical splitter, and optical splitter is divided into by this laser the two bundle laser that intensity is identical;
Beam of laser is transmitted in sensor fibre grating through the first circulator, through the laser of this sensor fibre optical grating reflection, sends to the first circulator, and the laser beam incident after the first circulator transmission is to the photosurface of the first photodetector;
Another beam of laser is transmitted in matched fiber grating through the second circulator, and the laser reflecting through this matched fiber grating sends to the second circulator, and the laser beam incident after the second circulator transmission is to the photosurface of the second photodetector;
The signal output part simultaneous connection of the signal output part of the first photodetector and the second photodetector is according to the signal input part of processing module, data processing module device signal output part connects the signal input part of wavelength-modulated device, and the signal output part of wavelength-modulated device connects the signal input part of Distributed Feedback Laser;
In data processing module, embed the control module that has software to realize, this control module comprises:
According to the output voltage V of the second photodetector
2, while obtaining temperature variation Δ T, the unit of the tuning amount of Distributed Feedback Laser Output of laser wavelength;
According to the output voltage V of the first photodetector
1, the unit of acquisition stress P.
The method for measuring stress of the double optical fiber grating based on Distributed Feedback Laser demodulation, the method realizes based on following apparatus, and described device comprises:
Distributed Feedback Laser, optical splitter, the first circulator, the second circulator, sensor fibre grating, matched fiber grating, the first photodetector and the second photodetector;
The laser that Distributed Feedback Laser sends incides in optical splitter, and optical splitter is divided into by this laser the two bundle laser that intensity is identical;
Beam of laser is transmitted in sensor fibre grating through the first circulator, through the laser of this sensor fibre optical grating reflection, sends to the first circulator, and the laser beam incident after the first circulator transmission is to the photosurface of the first photodetector;
Another beam of laser is transmitted in matched fiber grating through the second circulator, and the laser reflecting through this matched fiber grating sends to the second circulator, and the laser beam incident after the second circulator transmission is to the photosurface of the second photodetector; The method for measuring stress of the described double optical fiber grating based on Distributed Feedback Laser demodulation comprises the following steps:
Step 1: stress P to be measured acts radially on sensor fibre grating, opens Distributed Feedback Laser, obtains the output voltage V of the second photodetector
2; Then perform step two;
Step 2: the output voltage V of the second photodetector obtaining according to step 1
2, while obtaining temperature variation Δ T, the tuning amount of Distributed Feedback Laser Output of laser wavelength, then performs step three;
Step 3: the tuning amount of the wavelength obtaining according to step 2 is carried out tuning to the laser of Distributed Feedback Laser output, then perform step four;
Step 4: the output voltage V that gathers the first photodetector
1, according to following formula:
V
1=k
1I
0β
1(1-P
ε)λ
10P/(2E)+k
1I
0β
1λ
10/2+Bβ
1
Solve stress P to be measured, realize corresponding force measurement;
Wherein, β
1the opto-electronic conversion factor that represents the first photodetector; k
1the slope that represents the reflectivity negative edge of sensor fibre grating; I
0the light intensity that represents Distributed Feedback Laser Output of laser; B is constant; P
erepresent effective strain optical coefficient, E is elastic modulus, λ
10the centre wavelength that represents sensor fibre optical grating reflection spectral line interval.
The strain gauge of the double optical fiber grating based on Distributed Feedback Laser demodulation of the present invention and method for measuring stress, laser of narrowband Distributed Feedback Laser being sent by beam splitter is divided into the two bundle laser that intensity is identical, two bundle laser reflect by sensor fibre grating and matched fiber grating respectively, two bundle reflected light are surveyed through two photodetectors respectively, and wherein the first photodetector is converted into electric signal by oscilloscope display by light signal; The second photodetector is converted into electric signal by light signal, and data processing module is converted into this electric signal the tuning amount of Distributed Feedback Laser wavelength, regulates the wavelength of Distributed Feedback Laser by wavelength tuning device, realizes temperature automatic following compensation; When measuring static pulling force, voltage is only relevant and temperature independent with stress, when temperature acts on sensor fibre grating and matched fiber grating simultaneously, coupling grating regulates the wavelength of Distributed Feedback Laser, make the reflectance spectrum translational movement of sensor fibre grating, matched fiber grating identical with Distributed Feedback Laser wavelength shift amount, thereby make the measuring process can temperature influence.The strain gauge of the double optical fiber grating based on Distributed Feedback Laser demodulation of the present invention and method for measuring stress, be applicable to measure static pulling force or dynamic tension in the conventional demodulation techniques of fiber-optic grating sensor.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the strain gauge of the double optical fiber grating based on Distributed Feedback Laser demodulation.
Fig. 2 is the reflected light spectrogram of sensor fibre grating and matched fiber grating, and wherein curve 1 is the reflectance spectrum curve of sensor fibre grating, the reflectance spectrum curve that curve 2 is matched fiber grating, the spectrum that straight line DFB is Distributed Feedback Laser.
Fig. 3 is the process flow diagram of the method for measuring stress of the double optical fiber grating based on Distributed Feedback Laser demodulation.
Embodiment
Embodiment one: illustrate present embodiment with reference to Fig. 1, the strain gauge of the double optical fiber grating based on Distributed Feedback Laser demodulation described in present embodiment, it comprises: Distributed Feedback Laser 1, optical splitter 2, the first circulator 3, the second circulator 4, sensor fibre grating 5, matched fiber grating 6, the first photodetector 7, the second photodetector 9, data processing module 10 and wavelength-modulated device 11;
The laser that Distributed Feedback Laser 1 sends incides in optical splitter 2, and optical splitter 2 is divided into by this laser the two bundle laser that intensity is identical;
Beam of laser is transmitted in sensor fibre grating 5 through the first circulator 3, and the laser reflecting through this sensor fibre grating 5 sends to the first circulator 3, and the laser beam incident after the first circulator 3 transmissions is to the photosurface of the first photodetector 7;
Another beam of laser is transmitted in matched fiber grating 6 through the second circulator 4, and the laser reflecting through this matched fiber grating 6 sends to the second circulator 4, and the laser beam incident after the second circulator 4 transmissions is to the photosurface of the second photodetector 9;
The signal output part simultaneous connection of the signal output part of the first photodetector 7 and the second photodetector 8 is according to the signal input part of processing module 10, data processing module device 10 signal output parts connect the signal input part of wavelength-modulated device 11, and the signal output part of wavelength-modulated device 11 connects the signal input part of Distributed Feedback Laser 1;
In data processing module 10, embed the control module that has software to realize, this control module comprises:
According to the output voltage V of the second photodetector 9
2, while obtaining temperature variation Δ T, the unit of the tuning amount of Distributed Feedback Laser 1 Output of laser wavelength;
According to the output voltage V of the first photodetector 7
1, the unit of acquisition stress P.
Embodiment two: present embodiment is that the strain gauge of the double optical fiber grating based on Distributed Feedback Laser demodulation described in embodiment one is described further, in present embodiment, it also comprises: the waveform signal output terminal of oscillograph 8, the first photodetectors 7 connects the waveform signal input end of oscillograph 8.
Embodiment three: present embodiment is that the strain gauge of the double optical fiber grating based on Distributed Feedback Laser demodulation described in embodiment one or two is described further, in present embodiment, the bandwidth of described Distributed Feedback Laser 1 laser that sends is between 0.008pm to 0.012pm.
Embodiment four: present embodiment is that the strain gauge of the double optical fiber grating based on Distributed Feedback Laser demodulation described in embodiment one or two is described further, in present embodiment, the splitting ratio of described optical splitter 2 is 1:1.
Embodiment five: present embodiment is that the strain gauge of the double optical fiber grating based on Distributed Feedback Laser demodulation described in embodiment one or two is described further, in present embodiment, the first circulator 3 and the second circulator 4 are identical circulator.
Embodiment six: present embodiment is that the strain gauge of the double optical fiber grating based on Distributed Feedback Laser demodulation described in embodiment one or two is described further, in present embodiment, the reflectance spectrum width of sensor fibre grating 5 and matched fiber grating 6 is identical.
Embodiment seven: present embodiment is that the strain gauge of the double optical fiber grating based on Distributed Feedback Laser demodulation described in embodiment one or two is described further, in present embodiment, the bandwidth of the first photodetector 7 and the second photodetector 9 is 5MHz.
Embodiment eight: present embodiment is that the strain gauge of the double optical fiber grating based on Distributed Feedback Laser demodulation described in embodiment one or two is described further, in present embodiment, the output voltage V of the first photodetector 7
1for:
V
1=k
1I
0β
1(1-P
ε)λ
10P/(2E)+k
1I
0β
1λ
10/2+Bβ
1，
The output voltage V of the second photodetector 9
2for:
V
2=k
2I
0β
2Δλ
T/2+k
2I
0β
2(λ-λ
20)/2+Aβ
2，
Wherein, β
1and β
2represent respectively the first photodetector 7 and the second photodetector 9 opto-electronic conversion factors; k
1the slope that represents the reflectivity negative edge of sensor fibre grating 5; k
2the slope that represents the reflectivity rising edge of matched fiber grating 6; I
0the light intensity that represents Distributed Feedback Laser 1 Output of laser; A and B are constant; Δ λ
tthe reflectance spectrum translational movement that represents sensor fibre grating 5 and matched fiber grating 6; λ
10and λ
20represent respectively the centre wavelength between the reflectance spectrum linear zone of sensor fibre grating 5 and matched fiber grating 6; P
erepresent effective strain optical coefficient, E is elastic modulus, and P represents stress, and λ represents the wavelength of reflectance spectrum.
Embodiment nine: present embodiment is that the strain gauge of the double optical fiber grating based on Distributed Feedback Laser demodulation described in embodiment eight is described further, in present embodiment, the bandwidth of described Distributed Feedback Laser 1 laser that sends is 0.01pm.
Embodiment ten: with reference to Fig. 3, illustrate present embodiment, the method for measuring stress of the double optical fiber grating based on Distributed Feedback Laser demodulation described in present embodiment, the method realizes based on following apparatus, and described device comprises:
Distributed Feedback Laser 1, optical splitter 2, the first circulator 3, the second circulator 4, sensor fibre grating 5, matched fiber grating 6, the first photodetector 7 and the second photodetector 9;
The laser that Distributed Feedback Laser 1 sends incides in optical splitter 2, and optical splitter 2 is divided into by this laser the two bundle laser that intensity is identical;
Beam of laser is transmitted in sensor fibre grating 5 through the first circulator 3, and the laser reflecting through this sensor fibre grating 5 sends to the first circulator 3, and the laser beam incident after the first circulator 3 transmissions is to the photosurface of the first photodetector 7;
Another beam of laser is transmitted in matched fiber grating 6 through the second circulator 4, and the laser reflecting through this matched fiber grating 6 sends to the second circulator 4, and the laser beam incident after the second circulator 4 transmissions is to the photosurface of the second photodetector 9; The method for measuring stress of the described double optical fiber grating based on Distributed Feedback Laser demodulation comprises the following steps:
Step 1: stress P to be measured acts radially on sensor fibre grating 5, opens Distributed Feedback Laser 1, obtains the output voltage V of the second photodetector 9
2; Then perform step two;
Step 2: the output voltage V of the second photodetector 9 obtaining according to step 1
2, while obtaining temperature variation Δ T, the tuning amount of Distributed Feedback Laser 1 Output of laser wavelength, then performs step three;
Step 3: the tuning amount of the wavelength obtaining according to step 2 is carried out tuning to the laser of Distributed Feedback Laser 1 output, then perform step four;
Step 4: the output voltage V that gathers the first photodetector 7
1, according to following formula:
V
1=k
1I
0β
1(1-P
ε)λ
10P/(2E)+k
1I
0β
1λ
10/2+Bβ
1
Solve stress P to be measured, realize corresponding force measurement;
Wherein, β
1the opto-electronic conversion factor that represents the first photodetector 7; k
1the slope that represents the reflectivity negative edge of sensor fibre grating 5; I
0the light intensity that represents Distributed Feedback Laser 1 Output of laser; B is constant; P
erepresent effective strain optical coefficient, E is elastic modulus, λ
10represent the centre wavelength between sensor fibre grating 5 reflectance spectrum linear zones.
Distributed Feedback Laser is narrow band laser, its spectrum width is much smaller than half spike width of sensor fibre grating 5 and matched fiber grating 6, and the negative edge of the centre wavelength of Distributed Feedback Laser in sensor fibre grating 5 reflectance spectrums, the rising edge in matched fiber grating 6 reflectance spectrums.Sensor fibre grating 5 is identical with the reflectance spectrum of matched fiber grating 6, as shown in Figure 2.
The strain gauge of the double optical fiber grating based on Distributed Feedback Laser demodulation of the present invention, laser of narrowband Distributed Feedback Laser being sent by beam splitter is divided into the two bundle laser that intensity is identical, two bundle laser reflect by sensor fibre grating and matched fiber grating respectively, two bundle reflected light are surveyed through two photodetectors respectively, and wherein the first photodetector is converted into electric signal by oscilloscope display by light signal; The second photodetector is converted into electric signal by light signal, and data processing module is converted into this electric signal the tuning amount of Distributed Feedback Laser wavelength, regulates the wavelength of Distributed Feedback Laser by wavelength tuning device, realizes temperature automatic following compensation; When measuring static pulling force, voltage is only relevant and temperature independent with stress, when temperature acts on sensor fibre grating and matched fiber grating simultaneously, coupling grating regulates the wavelength of Distributed Feedback Laser, make the reflectance spectrum translational movement of sensor fibre grating, matched fiber grating identical with Distributed Feedback Laser wavelength shift amount, thereby make the measuring process can temperature influence.The strain gauge of the double optical fiber grating based on Distributed Feedback Laser demodulation of the present invention and method for measuring stress, be applicable to measure static pulling force or dynamic tension in the conventional demodulation techniques of fiber-optic grating sensor.
Claims (10)
1. the strain gauge of the double optical fiber grating based on Distributed Feedback Laser demodulation, it is characterized in that, it comprises: Distributed Feedback Laser (1), optical splitter (2), the first circulator (3), the second circulator (4), sensor fibre grating (5), matched fiber grating (6), the first photodetector (7), the second photodetector (9), data processing module (10) and wavelength-modulated device (11);
The laser that Distributed Feedback Laser (1) sends incides in optical splitter (2), and optical splitter (2) is divided into by this laser the two bundle laser that intensity is identical;
Beam of laser is transmitted in sensor fibre grating (5) through the first circulator (3), laser through this sensor fibre grating (5) reflection sends to the first circulator (3), and the laser beam incident after the first circulator (3) transmission is to the photosurface of the first photodetector (7);
Another beam of laser is transmitted in matched fiber grating (6) through the second circulator (4), laser through this matched fiber grating (6) reflection sends to the second circulator (4), and the laser beam incident after the second circulator (4) transmission is to the photosurface of the second photodetector (9);
The signal output part simultaneous connection of the signal output part of the first photodetector (7) and the second photodetector (8) is according to the signal input part of processing module (10), data processing module device (10) signal output part connects the signal input part of wavelength-modulated device (11), and the signal output part of wavelength-modulated device (11) connects the signal input part of Distributed Feedback Laser (1);
In data processing module (10), embed the control module that has software to realize, this control module comprises:
According to the output voltage V of the second photodetector (9)
2, while obtaining temperature variation Δ T, the unit of the tuning amount of Distributed Feedback Laser (1) Output of laser wavelength;
According to the output voltage V of the first photodetector (7)
1, the unit of acquisition stress P.
2. the strain gauge of the double optical fiber grating based on Distributed Feedback Laser demodulation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, it also comprises: oscillograph (8), the waveform signal output terminal of the first photodetector (7) connects the waveform signal input end of oscillograph (8).
3. the strain gauge of the double optical fiber grating based on Distributed Feedback Laser demodulation according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, the bandwidth of described Distributed Feedback Laser (1) laser that sends is between 0.008pm to 0.012pm.
4. the strain gauge of the double optical fiber grating based on Distributed Feedback Laser demodulation according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, the splitting ratio of described optical splitter (2) is 1:1.
5. the strain gauge of the double optical fiber grating based on Distributed Feedback Laser demodulation according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, the first circulator (3) and the second circulator (4) are identical circulator.
6. the strain gauge of the double optical fiber grating based on Distributed Feedback Laser demodulation according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, sensor fibre grating (5) is identical with the reflectance spectrum width of matched fiber grating (6).
7. the strain gauge of the double optical fiber grating based on Distributed Feedback Laser demodulation according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, the bandwidth of the first photodetector (7) and the second photodetector (9) is 5MHz.
8. the strain gauge of the double optical fiber grating based on Distributed Feedback Laser demodulation according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, the output voltage V of the first photodetector (7)
1for:
V
1=k
1I
0β
1(1-P
ε)λ
10P/(2E)+k
1I
0β
1λ
10/2+Bβ
1，
The output voltage V of the second photodetector (9)
2for:
V
2=k
2I
0β
2Δλ
T/2+k
2I
0β
2(λ-λ
20)/2+Aβ
2，
Wherein, β
1and β
2represent respectively the first photodetector (7) and the second photodetector (9) opto-electronic conversion factor; k
1the slope that represents the reflectivity negative edge of sensor fibre grating (5); k
2the slope that represents the reflectivity rising edge of matched fiber grating (6); I
0the light intensity that represents Distributed Feedback Laser (1) Output of laser; A and B are constant; Δ λ
tthe reflectance spectrum translational movement that represents sensor fibre grating (5) and matched fiber grating (6); λ
10and λ
20represent respectively the centre wavelength between the reflectance spectrum linear zone of sensor fibre grating (5) and matched fiber grating (6); P
erepresent effective strain optical coefficient, E is elastic modulus, and P represents stress, and λ represents the wavelength of reflectance spectrum.
9. the strain gauge of the double optical fiber grating based on Distributed Feedback Laser demodulation according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the bandwidth of described Distributed Feedback Laser (1) laser that sends is 0.01pm.
10. the method for measuring stress of the double optical fiber grating based on Distributed Feedback Laser demodulation, is characterized in that, the method realizes based on following apparatus, and described device comprises:
Distributed Feedback Laser (1), optical splitter (2), the first circulator (3), the second circulator (4), sensor fibre grating (5), matched fiber grating (6), the first photodetector (7) and the second photodetector (9);
The laser that Distributed Feedback Laser (1) sends incides in optical splitter (2), and optical splitter (2) is divided into by this laser the two bundle laser that intensity is identical;
Beam of laser is transmitted in sensor fibre grating (5) through the first circulator (3), laser through this sensor fibre grating (5) reflection sends to the first circulator (3), and the laser beam incident after the first circulator (3) transmission is to the photosurface of the first photodetector (7);
Another beam of laser is transmitted in matched fiber grating (6) through the second circulator (4), laser through this matched fiber grating (6) reflection sends to the second circulator (4), and the laser beam incident after the second circulator (4) transmission is to the photosurface of the second photodetector (9); The method for measuring stress of the described double optical fiber grating based on Distributed Feedback Laser demodulation comprises the following steps:
Step 1: stress P to be measured acts radially on sensor fibre grating (5), opens Distributed Feedback Laser (1), obtains the output voltage V of the second photodetector (9)
2; Then perform step two;
Step 2: the output voltage V of the second photodetector (9) obtaining according to step 1
2, while obtaining temperature variation Δ T, the tuning amount of Distributed Feedback Laser (1) Output of laser wavelength, then performs step three;
Step 3: the tuning amount of the wavelength obtaining according to step 2 is carried out tuning to the laser of Distributed Feedback Laser (1) output, then perform step four;
Step 4: the output voltage V that gathers the first photodetector (7)
1, according to following formula:
V
1=k
1I
0β
1(1-P
ε)λ
10P/(2E)+k
1I
0β
1λ
10/2+Bβ
1
Solve stress P to be measured, realize corresponding force measurement;
Wherein, β
1the opto-electronic conversion factor that represents the first photodetector (7); k
1the slope that represents the reflectivity negative edge of sensor fibre grating (5); I
0the light intensity that represents Distributed Feedback Laser (1) Output of laser; B is constant; P
erepresent effective strain optical coefficient, E is elastic modulus, λ
10represent the centre wavelength between sensor fibre grating (5) reflectance spectrum linear zone.
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| CN103644991B (en) | 2016-01-06 |
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