CN102269573A - Quasi-distributed composite structure strain and temperature detection system - Google Patents
Quasi-distributed composite structure strain and temperature detection system Download PDFInfo
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- CN102269573A CN102269573A CN2011101123842A CN201110112384A CN102269573A CN 102269573 A CN102269573 A CN 102269573A CN 2011101123842 A CN2011101123842 A CN 2011101123842A CN 201110112384 A CN201110112384 A CN 201110112384A CN 102269573 A CN102269573 A CN 102269573A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a quasi-distributed composite structure strain and temperature detection system. Light output by a broadband light source passes through an optical fiber isolator and enters the input end of a 2*2 optical fiber coupler; the light output by the 2*2 optical fiber coupler enters the input end of a 1*m optical switch; the light output by the 1*m optical switch enters an m*n network type optical fiber grating sensing head; the light reflected by the m*n network type optical fiber grating sensing head sequentially passes through the 1*m optical switch and the 2*2 optical fiber coupler and further enters the input end of an optical fiber adjustable F-P (Fabry-Perot) filter; and the light output by the optical fiber adjustable F-P filter sequentially passes through a photoelectric conversion module, a signal amplifier, a data acquisition card and a computer, and the computer is used for processing and displaying data. The system utilizes the optical fiber adjustable F-P filter to realize wavelength demodulation of signal light reflected by all sensing optical fiber gratings, and has the advantages of anti-electromagnetic interference effect, all-optical fiber type measurement, a large number of multiplexing measuring points, remote monitoring, non-destructive measurement and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the fiber grating sensing technology field, particularly relate to a kind of quasi-distributed composite structure strain and system for detecting temperature with many reference amounts measurement function, multimetering function.
Background technology
Fiber grating is to set up certain space refractive index cycle to distribute in optical fiber, a kind of optical element that the propagation characteristic of light is therein changed.Fiber grating is to set up certain space refractive index cycle to distribute in optical fiber, a kind of optical element that the propagation characteristic of light is therein changed.When broadband light incides Fiber Bragg Grating, its catoptrical centre wavelength (cloth loudspeaker lattice wave is long) λ
B, provide by Bragg equation: λ
B=2n Λ
Wherein, n is the effective refractive index of fibre core, and Λ is the grating cycle.Because when utilizing fiber grating to carry out sensing measurement, measured signal is a Wavelength-encoding, therefore demodulate wavelength (change amount) how simply, quickly and accurately, be vital problem in the fiber grating sensing system.In the prior art if when adopting fiber grating that multiple spot is measured, use spectrometer etc. to carry out the measurement of wavelength signals more, and make that the cost of wavelength signals demodulation is higher; And measure dot number is subjected to the restriction of light source bandwidth; And when the output power one of light source regularly, measure dot number is big more, signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) is low more, causes measuring error big more.Therefore present fiber grating point multiparameter system, usually cost performance low, be difficult to realize remote monitoring and poor repeatability, also need to screen a large amount of gibberishes when measuring simultaneously, and the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of measurement is not high yet, thereby has influence on the precision of measurement.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention provide a kind of can be to the quasi-distributed composite structure strain and the system for detecting temperature of the real-time monitoring of composite structure health status, but have anti-electromagnetic interference (EMI), full fiber type, the many remote monitoring of multiplexing measure dot number and realize advantages such as nondestructive measurement, dirigibility be strong.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of quasi-distributed composite structure strain and system for detecting temperature are provided, comprise wideband light source, fibre optic isolater, 2 * 2 fiber couplers, 1 * m photoswitch, m * n network type optical fiber grating sensing head, optical-fibre adjustable F-P wave filter, photoelectric conversion module, signal amplifier, data collecting card and computing machine, described wideband light source output light enters the input end of 2 * 2 fiber couplers through described fibre optic isolater; The output light of described 2 * 2 fiber couplers enters the input end of described 1 * m photoswitch through an output terminal arm of 2 * 2 fiber couplers; Described 1 * m photoswitch output light enters described m * n network type optical fiber grating sensing head; Described m * n network type optical fiber grating sensing head reflected light passes through the input end that described 1 * m photoswitch and 2 * 2 fiber couplers enter described optical-fibre adjustable F-P wave filter successively; The output light of described optical-fibre adjustable F-P wave filter enters described signal amplifier behind described photoelectric conversion module; Described signal amplifier amplifies the back with the signal of receiving and is collected in the described computing machine by described data collecting card; Described computing machine links to each other with described 1 * m photoswitch.
Fiber grating in described m * n network type optical fiber grating sensing head is a polarization-maintaining fiber grating.
Described 1 * m photoswitch has only one tunnel light signal in a time period be to form path.
The sequence number of the logical light light path of the described 1 * m photoswitch of described computer control and between the logical light time, or the described computing machine employing time divide equally mensuration and control described 1 * m photoswitch.
The wavelength of described optical-fibre adjustable F-P wave filter is corresponding with the peak value characteristic wavelength (being the transducing signal wavelength) of the fiber grating of described m * n network type optical fiber grating sensing head, described data collecting card will receive a maximum analog electric signal this moment, and computing machine can be discerned and change peak signal and realize the signal demodulation after analog to digital conversion.
The method that paste on fiber grating utilization surface or inside is imbedded of described m * n network type optical fiber grating sensing head is installed to the tested point of measured target.
On another output terminal arm of described 2 * 2 fiber couplers index-matching fluid is installed.
Beneficial effect
Owing to adopted above-mentioned technical scheme, the present invention compared with prior art has following advantage and good effect:
Measure when (1) the present invention only needs a fiber grating just can realize strain and temperature, and expensive Wavelength demodulation equipment such as light requirement spectrometer not, output valve according to photoelectric conversion module just can calculate grating wavelength accurately, compare with the primary wave appearance again, just can draw wavelength shift, thereby learn measured size.
(2) the present invention utilizes the logical light light path i of computer control 1 * m photoswitch (i is an integer, and i=1 between logical light time 2..m), when the needs emphasis is monitored, can prolong between the logical light time on this road, guarantees the reliability of monitoring.
(3) the total m road of the 1 * m photoswitch among the present invention wherein is in series with n optical fiber grating sensing head altogether in the i road, and measurement spatial resolution can be decided with measuring needs, and the length that I reaches fiber grating is 1cm.
(4) the present invention is when fiber grating is subjected to tested parameter to modulate its peak value characteristic wavelength drift, because the wavelength of optical-fibre adjustable F-P wave filter is corresponding with fiber grating peak value characteristic wavelength, make optical-fibre adjustable F-P wave filter output light reach peak response, can be after opto-electronic conversion and analog to digital conversion by this peak signal of computer Recognition, promptly realize demodulation, have advantages such as demodulation speed is fast, no diadic problem.
(5) technological level of used optical fiber and components and parts is all very ripe among the present invention, easy to make feasible, can be widely used in various fields, especially significant to the practicability that promotes fiber grating sensing technology in the regular detection and the practicability in the long term monitoring of composite structure.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further set forth the present invention.Should be understood that these embodiment only to be used to the present invention is described and be not used in and limit the scope of the invention.Should be understood that in addition those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention after the content of having read the present invention's instruction, these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims institute restricted portion equally.
Embodiments of the present invention relate to a kind of quasi-distributed composite structure strain and system for detecting temperature, as shown in Figure 1, comprise wideband light source 1, fibre optic isolater 2,2 * 2 fiber couplers 3, index-matching fluid 4,1 * m photoswitch 5, m * n network type optical fiber grating sensing head 6, optical-fibre adjustable F-P wave filter 7, photoelectric conversion module 8, signal amplifier 9, data collecting card 10 and computing machine 11, described wideband light source 1 output light enters the input end of 2 * 2 fiber couplers 3 through described fibre optic isolater 2; The output light part of described 2 * 2 fiber couplers 3 enters described index-matching fluid 4 through an output terminal arm of 2 * 2 fiber couplers 3, to reduce undesired signal light, another part enters the input end of described 1 * m photoswitch 5 through another output terminal arm of 2 * 2 fiber couplers 3; Described 1 * m photoswitch, 5 output light enter described m * n network type optical fiber grating sensing head 6; Described m * n network type optical fiber grating sensing head 6 reflected light pass through the input end that described 1 * m photoswitch 5 and 2 * 2 fiber couplers 3 enter described optical-fibre adjustable F-P wave filter 7 successively; The output light of described optical-fibre adjustable F-P wave filter 7 enters described signal amplifier 9 behind described photoelectric conversion module 8; Described signal amplifier 9 amplifies the back with the signal of receiving and is collected in the described computing machine 11 by described data collecting card 10, carries out data processing and demonstration by computing machine 11; Described computing machine 11 links to each other with described 1 * m photoswitch 5.
Fiber grating among the present invention in the network type optical fiber grating sensing head 6 is a polarization-maintaining fiber grating.For the fiber grating of on polarization maintaining optical fibre, setting up, when broadband light incides this polarization-maintaining fiber grating, two peak value centre wavelengths are arranged in its reflectance spectrum, the reflection wavelength on corresponding fast axle and the slow axis is expressed as respectively:
λ
Bx＝2Λn
x，
λ
By＝2Λn
y，
Wherein, n
xAnd n
yBe respectively the effective refractive index of fast axle of fibre core and slow axis, Λ is the grating cycle.
The difference of the peak value centre wavelength of 2 fiber gratings is on the disalignment:
Δλ＝2ΛΔn
Wherein, Δ n=n
x-n
yTherefore a polarization-maintaining fiber grating has two feature reflection peaks, the drift value of peak wavelength and its strain, variation of temperature amount all are good linear relationship, drift value based on these two peak value characteristic wavelengths, calculate strain to be measured and temperature, thereby realize utilizing a sensing head to measure the purpose of two parameters simultaneously.Wherein, parameters such as the peak reflectance wavelength of polarization-maintaining fiber grating, bandwidth, reflectivity should be mated mutually, and in the wavelengthtunable interval of wavelength for the fiber F-P adjustable filter, thereby can realize quick and demodulation exactly.
To have only one tunnel light signal in a time period be to form path to 1 * m photoswitch 5 among the present invention, that is to say, the total m roads of 1 * m photoswitch 5 have only in the section between at a time one tunnel light signal can form path, next period can other arbitrarily another light path form path.Because some periods have only a light path to form path, therefore the luminous power that enters photoswitch all enters this passage, make the luminous power of this measurement passage and the luminous power of the flashlight that fiber grating reflects all reach maximum, therefore the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of measuring is bigger, the measuring accuracy height.The sequence number of the logical light light path of the described 1 * m photoswitch 5 of computing machine 11 may command and between the logical light time, also can divide equally mensuration the employing time and control described 1 * m photoswitch 5, two kinds of control modes only need to determine to get final product according to actual measurement requirement and target, connect 11 pairs of 1 * m photoswitches 5 of computing machine by optical fiber remote, 11 pairs of 1 * m photoswitches 5 of realization computing machine are controlled, thereby have realized the purpose of remote monitoring.
The wavelength of described optical-fibre adjustable F-P wave filter 7 is corresponding with the peak value characteristic wavelength of the fiber grating of described m * n network type optical fiber grating sensing head 6.When grating is subjected to tested parameter to modulate its peak value characteristic wavelength drift, because the wavelength of optical-fibre adjustable F-P wave filter 7 is corresponding with the fiber grating peak value characteristic wavelength of m * n network type optical fiber grating sensing head 6, can make optical-fibre adjustable F-P wave filter 7 output light reach peak response, can be after opto-electronic conversion and analog to digital conversion by computing machine 11 these peak signals of identification, promptly realize demodulation, thereby make the present invention have advantages such as demodulation speed is fast, no diadic problem.
The fiber grating of described m * n network type optical fiber grating sensing head 6 can utilize the method that paste on the surface or inside is imbedded to be installed to the tested point of measured target, thereby realize the purpose of nondestructive measurement as the sensitive element of tested parameter.
The specific embodiment of the invention is as follows: (1) is when selection and definite wideband light source, should select the bigger light source of power spectrum density, generally should be greater than-20dB/nm, bigger to guarantee the luminous power that incides on the sensing grating, make that the signal light power of sensor fibre optical grating reflection is bigger, to improve the precision of measuring; When (2) selecting each fiber grating, its wavelength determination is extremely important, and the especially reflection peak characteristic wavelength of fiber grating selection at interval should take into account the size of measure dot number and the measurement range requirement of each point.Under the requirement of satisfying measurement range, select the less at interval a series of fiber gratings of reflection peak characteristic wavelength as the fiber grating of forming the network type optical fiber grating sensing head, under the certain situation of light source bandwidth, realize the quasi-distributed measurement of more measurement points; (3) during the selective light switch, m is the number of parallel optical path, and m can be infinity in theory; (4) install and during integrated network formula optical fiber grating sensing head, the measurement port number of its parallel connection should mate with the port number of photoswitch, to avoid or to reduce the waste of luminous power and increase efficiency of measurement, but n is the same maximum number of series arrangement grating on the way, n is determined jointly by the peak value characteristic wavelength interval and the light source bandwidth of being got, light source bandwidth with 80nm is an example, if at interval in the optic fiber grating wavelength of 2nm, and 40 fiber gratings sensings simultaneously of can connecting altogether.Because sensing head contains m * n fiber grating, therefore can realize the real-time measurement of m * n point of composite structure.
Be not difficult to find, the present invention measures when utilizing single fiber grating to realize strain and two parameters of temperature, and utilize an optical-fibre adjustable F-P wave filter to realize the Wavelength demodulation of all sensor fibre optical grating reflection flashlights, be the quasi-distributed measuring system of high composite structure strain of a kind of cost performance and temperature.But the present invention also has, and anti-electromagnetic interference (EMI), full fiber type are measured, many remote monitoring of multiplexing measure dot number and can realize advantage such as nondestructive measurement.
Need to prove the measurement that a kind of quasi-distributed composite structure strain that the present invention realizes and system for detecting temperature also can be used for other parameters such as structural load amount, magnetic field intensity.
Claims (7)
1. quasi-distributed composite structure strain and system for detecting temperature, comprise wideband light source (1), fibre optic isolater (2), 2 * 2 fiber couplers (3), 1 * m photoswitch (5), m * n network type optical fiber grating sensing head (6), optical-fibre adjustable F-P wave filter (7), photoelectric conversion module (8), signal amplifier (9), data collecting card (10) and computing machine (11), it is characterized in that described wideband light source (1) output light enters the input end of 2 * 2 fiber couplers (3) through described fibre optic isolater (2); The output light of described 2 * 2 fiber couplers (3) enters the input end of described 1 * m photoswitch (5) through an output terminal arm of 2 * 2 fiber couplers (3); Described 1 * m photoswitch (5) output light enters described m * n network type optical fiber grating sensing head (6); The reflected light of described m * n network type optical fiber grating sensing head (6) passes through the input end that described 1 * m photoswitch (5) and 2 * 2 fiber couplers (3) enter described optical-fibre adjustable F-P wave filter (7) successively; The output light of described optical-fibre adjustable F-P wave filter (7) enters described signal amplifier (9) behind described photoelectric conversion module (8); Described signal amplifier (9) amplifies the back with the signal of receiving and is collected in the described computing machine (11) by described data collecting card (10); Described computing machine (11) links to each other with described 1 * m photoswitch (5).
2. quasi-distributed composite structure strain according to claim 1 and system for detecting temperature is characterized in that, the fiber grating in described m * n network type optical fiber grating sensing head (6) is a polarization-maintaining fiber grating.
3. quasi-distributed composite structure strain according to claim 1 and system for detecting temperature is characterized in that, described 1 * m photoswitch (5) has only one tunnel light signal in a time period be to form path.
4. quasi-distributed composite structure strain according to claim 1 and system for detecting temperature, it is characterized in that, the sequence number of the logical light light path of the described 1 * m photoswitch of described computing machine (11) control (5) and between the logical light time, or described computing machine (11) the employing time divide equally mensuration and control described 1 * m photoswitch (5).
5. quasi-distributed composite structure strain according to claim 1 and system for detecting temperature, it is characterized in that the wavelength of described optical-fibre adjustable F-P wave filter (7) is corresponding with the peak value characteristic wavelength of the fiber grating of described m * n network type optical fiber grating sensing head (6).
6. quasi-distributed composite structure strain according to claim 1 and system for detecting temperature, it is characterized in that the method that paste on fiber grating utilization surface or inside is imbedded of described m * n network type optical fiber grating sensing head (6) is installed to the tested point of measured target.
7. quasi-distributed composite structure strain according to claim 1 and system for detecting temperature is characterized in that, on another output terminal arm of described 2 * 2 fiber couplers (3) index-matching fluid (4) are installed.
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| CN103148880A (en) * | 2013-03-01 | 2013-06-12 | 黑龙江大学 | Color-filter-based multi-channel fiber bragg grating demodulator |
| CN103398800A (en) * | 2013-07-20 | 2013-11-20 | 北京航空航天大学 | Quasi-distributed fiber bragg grating temperature stress measuring system for large-size structure body |
| CN103454014A (en) * | 2012-05-31 | 2013-12-18 | 基德科技公司 | Optical fiber sensing system |
| CN104215197A (en) * | 2014-03-20 | 2014-12-17 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Device and method for measuring shapes of spaces on basis of low-reflectivity three-core fiber grating arrays |
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| CN106248120A (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2016-12-21 | 山西省交通科学研究院 | A kind of fiber grating measurement apparatus increasing single measurement range |
| CN106918296A (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2017-07-04 | 江苏骏龙光电科技股份有限公司 | A kind of fiber grating measurement apparatus strained for bridge cable with temperature monitoring |
| CN108507697A (en) * | 2018-02-28 | 2018-09-07 | 华北电力大学（保定） | A kind of sea water temperature depth profile sampling towed system based on Fibre Optical Sensor |
| CN109827601A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-05-31 | 重庆文理学院 | A kind of interference formula temperature based on special optical fiber and stress two-parameter measurement system |
| CN109827601B (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2021-09-14 | 重庆文理学院 | Interference type temperature and stress double-parameter measuring system based on special optical fiber |
| CN110530550A (en) * | 2019-08-12 | 2019-12-03 | 温州大学 | Quasi-distributed temperature-sensing system and its signal demodulating method based on polymer microcavity filled micro-structure optical fiber |
| CN112212898A (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2021-01-12 | 山东科技大学 | Intelligent skin based on small-size distributed optical fiber sensing array |
| CN112525372A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-03-19 | 广东工业大学 | Device and method for simultaneously measuring strain temperature based on polarization maintaining optical fiber double-arm hetero-axial interferometer |
| CN117367563A (en) * | 2023-09-27 | 2024-01-09 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | EFPI optical fiber ultrasonic sensor and application thereof in transformer partial discharge ultrasonic signal detection |
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