CN101263938A - Intelligent clothing capable of detecting human body temperature and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Intelligent clothing capable of detecting human body temperature and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101263938A CN101263938A CNA2008100530375A CN200810053037A CN101263938A CN 101263938 A CN101263938 A CN 101263938A CN A2008100530375 A CNA2008100530375 A CN A2008100530375A CN 200810053037 A CN200810053037 A CN 200810053037A CN 101263938 A CN101263938 A CN 101263938A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a smart garment for body temperature detection comprising a broadband light source arranged on the clothing, a coupler, a distributed optical fiber grating sensor, a F-P tunable filter and a packaged integrated circuit part; wherein the broadband light source is connected with distributed optical fiber grating sensor through the coupler and the distributed optical fiber grating sensor is connected with the F-P tunable filter through the coupler; the integrated circuit part comprises a microprocessor, a scanning voltage circuit, a light detector and a signal conditioning circuit; wherein the output interface of the microprocessor is connected with the scanning voltage circuit and the scanning voltage signal from the scanning voltage circuit is loaded on the driving end of the F-P tunable filter; the electrical signal generated after the output signal of the F-P tunable filter is received the photodetector is inputted to the microprocessor through the signal conditioning circuit. The invention also relates to the making method of the garment. The smart garment has the advantages of portable use and real-time detection for the body temperature.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the intelligent clothing technical field, relate to a kind of intelligent clothing capable of detecting human body temperature.
Background technology
Intelligent clothing is a novel field, and it is that microelectric technique, novel sensor technology, modern communications technology, intelligent control technology, textile technology and other relevant new technology are carried out combination and the product that intersects.Intelligent clothing can not only the perception external environment condition or the variation of internal state, and by feedback mechanism, can react to this variation in real time.Perception, feedback and reaction are three big key elements of intelligent clothing, it also has characteristics such as dress is light, real-time monitoring in addition, can be widely used in medical treatment and health, military and fields such as space flight, amusement and communication, safety and defendance, have boundless application prospect.
The developmental research of intelligent clothing comes from late nineteen seventies the earliest, and electronic technology was also relatively backward at that time, so the development of intelligent clothing is also very slow, it is bulky and burdensome, and function singleness.Therefore the application of intelligent clothing also is greatly limited, and is mainly used in special industry fields such as Aero-Space, military military project.In recent years, along with development of electronic technology, external many research institutions began to be devoted to the research and development of intelligent clothing.
◆ the U.S.
Du pont company has worked out has conductibility, can be to the aitiogenic tencel of electric power, heat or pressure.These fibers have appeared in the part cloth, and they can combine with circuit, allow clothes possess some special functions, as change the color of dress material according to e-command.
The scientist of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology then how studying with the electronic product dress ornamentization, promptly manages electronic equipments such as mobile phone, PC are incorporated in the clothes, and the intelligent clothing of " built-in " mobile phone and MP3 player has been released in they and Philip cooperation last year.
The researcher of the U.S. Georgia Institute of Technology implants the variation that shirt is surveyed heart rate with fiber-optic grating sensor, and hope is according to the variation of optical output signal after the fibercuts, judge position and degree that the soldier is injured, U.S. SensaTex company carries out industrialization production to it, and further released the intelligent clothing that can check heartbeat, body temperature, breathing and calculate wearer's burn calories number on this basis, it in addition also can warn the wearer may heart attack or heatstroke occurs.This intelligent clothing also is fit to the elderly and wears, and it can be used to monitor every important information in old man's health, and gives the alarm before may occurring causing dangerous falling to fall, and the global positioning system in the clothes more can be measured important sufferer location.
◆ Britain
The breadboard multidisciplinary research of Surrey Redhill group by with woven, hand is knitted and PRINTED FABRIC and novel conductive material combine together, produced intelligent clothing is the same with common clothes can be washed.They utilize can conducting electrical signals material development gone out a kind of telephone keypad that places in wristband or the pocket, also at a kind of mobile phone that can be contained in the coat pocket of research.
◆ Belgium
The Belgium scientist is developing a kind of intelligent clothing that integrates mobile phone, computer and health supervision equipment, and this intelligent clothes can also use the artificial intelligence, regulates its function according to environmental change.
This intelligent clothing i-Wear that Brussels Starlab research institute is is researching and developing has a plurality of functional layers, and the inductor of internal layer setting can be measured heartbeat, blood pressure and body temperature, the supervision person's of wearing health condition, in the future even can assess the person's of wearing mood.The outer field inductor of intelligent clothing then can be supervised the dark and noisy degree of light of external environment condition, makes corresponding adjusting, for example receives phone in the environment of making a lot of noise, and just strengthens the tinkle of bells; If be in quiet environment, as meeting room, phone can be turned down volume automatically.
◆ Japan
Japan Kanebo company adjoins the class photoactive substance of muttering with spiral shell and is coated in the microcapsules, makes the photosensitive colour-changing fabric with printing technology, after this fabric is the ultraviolet ray of 350-400nm in absorbing wavelength, can become light blue or navy blue by colourless.Microencapsulation can improve the oxidation resistance of sensitising agent, thus life-saving.Adopt variable color T-shirt that this technology produces supply the market, this class intelligent clothing generally is used for security protection clothes and ornamental strong fashionable dress.
In the bibliographical information of the domestic relevant intelligent clothing aspect of having seen, just introduce external bibliographical information or summary bibliographical information aspect the intelligent clothing developmental research usually.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of intelligent clothing that human body multiple spot body temperature is detected realized, propose a kind of preparation method of this kind intelligent clothing simultaneously.Intelligent clothing provided by the invention and preparation method have and use lightly, can tolerate the to a certain degree characteristics of machine washing.
Intelligent clothing of the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of intelligent clothing capable of detecting human body temperature, comprise the wideband light source, coupler, distributed fiber grating sensor, F-P tunable optic filter and the process packaged integrated circuits part that are arranged on these clothes, wideband light source links to each other with the distributed fiber grating sensor by coupler, and the distributed fiber grating sensor links to each other with the F-P tunable optic filter behind coupler; Integrated circuit partly comprises microprocessor, scanning voltage circuit, photo-detector, signal conditioning circuit, the output interface of microprocessor links to each other with the scanning voltage circuit, the scanning voltage signal loading that is produced by the scanning voltage circuit is at the drive end of F-P tunable optic filter, and the optical signal of F-P tunable optic filter output is input to microprocessor through the signal of telecommunication that photo-detector receives the back generation by signal conditioning circuit; Optical fiber and conductive fiber in making the lining of clothes, have been inweaved, light path between wideband light source, coupler, distributed fiber grating sensor, F-P tunable optic filter and the process packaged integrated circuits part adopts optical fiber to connect, and circuit supply adopts the conductive fiber connection.
In the technique scheme, the integrated circuit part can adopt epoxy encapsulation.
Intelligent clothing capable of detecting human body temperature of the present invention, the scanning voltage circuit can comprise D/A converter, bipolar amplifier, phase inverter, the data signal that is generated by microprocessor is converted into analog signal through D/A converter, after amplifying through bipolar amplifier again, be divided into two-way, one the tunnel is directly connected to a drive end of F-P tunable optic filter, and another road is through being connected to another drive end of F-P tunable optic filter behind the phase inverter; Described signal conditioning circuit can comprise amplification treatment circuit, A/D converter, receives the signal of telecommunication that comes from photo-detector and be admitted to microprocessor after amplifying processing and A/D conversion.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned intelligent clothing capable of detecting human body temperature, comprises the following steps:
(1) adopts the method for bag core and looping that optical fiber and conductive fiber are made into yarn, the arrangement spaced apart of its longitude and latitude is inweaved in the lining;
(2), and, the lining that the employing said method is made is made clothes in the seam crossing welding of putting up a bridge through cutting and making;
(3) encapsulated integrated circuit part;
(4) wideband light source, coupler, distributed fiber grating sensor, F-P tunable optic filter and process packaged integrated circuits part are imbedded the clothes of making respectively, the light path between them adopts optical fiber to connect, and circuit supply adopts the conductive fiber connection.
In the above-mentioned preparation method, when integrated circuit was partly encapsulated, chip part can adopt epoxy encapsulation, and periphery can be with rubber or plastic consolidation waterproof; Preferably adopt electroconductive binder to carry out the binding of integrated circuit part pin and conductive fiber.
Intelligent clothing of the present invention adopts distributed fiber grating to carry out TEMP and detects, it is light to have use, can tolerate the to a certain degree characteristics of machine washing, can detect in real time human body temperature, detect meaning with particular importance for health, SARS and the bird flu in the harm whole world at present.In addition, intelligent clothing of the present invention can also be applied to military and fields such as space flight, amusement and communication, safety and defendance, has certain economic benefits.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 distributed fiber grating sensing measurement system theory diagram;
The distributed fiber grating demodulation scheme block diagram of Fig. 2 adjustable optic fibre F-P filter detection;
The upstream portion of Fig. 3 (a) signal conditioning circuit;
The downstream part of Fig. 3 (b) signal conditioning circuit;
Fig. 4 scanning voltage circuit.
The specific embodiment
At first the operation principle and the course of work of distributed fiber grating sensor is introduced below,
For the structure and the operation principle of fiber-optic grating sensor, in many documents, describe.According to the coupled mode theory of Fiber Bragg Grating FBG, even non-blazed fiber bragg Bragg grating can be coupled to another guided mode that transmits in opposite direction with a guided mode that wherein transmits and form narrowband reflection, the peak reflection bragg wavelengths
BFor
λ
B＝2n
effΛ
N in the formula
EffBe the effective refractive index of guided mode, Λ is the grating cycle.
Cause λ
BDrift multiple factor arranged, if only consider the influence of temperature T, then λ
B, n
Eff, Λ is the function of T.Variations in temperature causes expanding with heat and contract with cold of fiber grating and variations in refractive index, and the bragg wavelength displacement that they produced can be designated as:
The normalized frequency of V-optical fiber in the formula;
The thermo-optical coeffecient of ξ-material, i.e. n
EffWith the variation of temperature rate;
α-thermal coefficient of expansion.
When α＜＜during ξ
High optical fiber grating temperature sensitivity is carried out the temperature sensitizing encapsulation to fiber grating, and its wavelength change is:
Δλ＝((α+ξ)+(1-Pe)(αZ-α))λΔT＝αTΔT
α T-is defined as the temperature control of this temperature sensor in the formula, and this temperature control is obtained by wavelength-temperature experiment slope of curve; α-fiber grating thermal coefficient of expansion; ξ-fiber grating thermo-optical coeffecient; The effective strain optical coefficient of Pe-optical fiber; α Z-enhanced sensitivity material thermal expansion coefficient.
Measure wavelength change and can calculate variation of temperature Δ T=Δ λ/α T.
The maximum characteristics of distributed fiber grating sensing measurement are to belong to the Wavelength-encoding type, but not (light) ionization meter type.Distributed fiber grating sensing measurement system light path as shown in Figure 1, the core is the wavelength analysis device.
For the practicability and the industrialization that realize optical fiber sensing technology, people have proposed a lot of demodulation methods, mainly contain three major types, i.e. filter method, interferometric method and tunable light source scanning.The present invention adopts the scheme that is illustrated in figure 2 as the distributed sensor that uses the detection of adjustable optic fibre F-P cavity filter.The demodulation principle of demodulating system is based on the operation principle of tunable Fabry one Perot cavity (F-P demodulation).The fiber F-P cavity filter that is used for the distributed fiber grating sensing signal demodulation is actually a voltage-controlled optical band pass filter.Usually with the driving element of piezoelectric ceramics as the long variation in chamber, F-P chamber.Apply a scanning voltage to piezoelectric ceramics, piezoelectric ceramics produces flexible, thereby the chamber that changes the F-P chamber is long, and the light wavelength through the F-P chamber is changed.Detect transmitted intensity by detector, the voltage that when detector detects largest light intensity, applies to piezoelectric ceramics just corresponding the reflection wavelength of FBG.Inject optical signal for like this Bragg fiber-optic grating sensor, will be added to the input of fiber F-P cavity filter from the light that the FBG sensor reflects.Add a leg-of-mutton scanning voltage by the voltage-controlled end of giving fiber F-P cavity filter, then the output at fiber F-P cavity filter can obtain one and the corresponding time-domain signal of telecommunication of input light spectrum.These time-domain signals are through the shaping of amplifying circuit and comparison circuit, just obtained the series of pulses signal, add the calibration pulse signal of some fixed wave length and position in these pulse signals, each pulse in these pulse signals has just comprised the catoptrical spectral information of FBG sensor for the relative position of calibration pulse so.
Ultra-weak electronic signal through PIN pipe photo-detector photoelectricity is converted to need further amplify, nurse one's health by signal conditioning circuit, after the A/D sampling, is carried out processing and storages such as digital filtering by microprocessor.This partial circuit is as Fig. 3 (a) with (b).Input signal is sent into U3 after U1, U2 amplify, U3 carries out the A/D conversion, and the output data are carried out processing and storages such as digital filtering to microprocessor.The present invention does not provide microprocessor and peripheral circuit thereof, implements can select a kind of single-chip microcomputer or DSP voluntarily according to required precision when of the present invention.The circuit that the embodiment of the invention adopts utilizes outside A/D and D/A converter, when enforcement is of the present invention, also can adopt the microprocessor that has inner A/D and D/A converter.
Scanning voltage produces circuit as shown in Figure 3.The data of microprocessor output become analog signal after changing through U5 D/A, are added to 4 ends of F-P cavity filter (being U4) after further amplifying, and this signal is simultaneously through being added to 1 end of F-P cavity filter behind the phase inverter.
Electric power management circuit adopts the circuit of maturation of the prior art, for generation+5V of the present invention ,-5V ,+3.3V ,+2.5V ,-operating voltage that 2.5V etc. needs.
Be distributed in the human body temperature information that the distributed fiber grating sensor of parts of body is gathered, converting the signal of telecommunication to and sending into after treatment in the microprocessor, microprocessor can obtain the temperature at human body multiple spot position in view of the above.Multiple spot temperature data or body temperature average data can be exported by LCD, also can be by the wireless or wired communication interface output of communicating by letter with outer computer.
The present invention adopts the method for bag core and looping that optical fiber and conductive fiber are made into yarn, weave or when knitting longitude and latitude arrangement spaced apart inweave in the lining, seam crossing adopts with lining bridging welding when cutting and sewing clothing, the body, sleeve, the neck signal that guarantee ready-made clothes are unimpeded, where bury sensor underground and chip provides conductive fiber network in length and breadth in office, and guarantee its normal durable and wearability, will stand slight machine washing simultaneously.Optical fiber grating sensing element and integrated circuit partly are embedded in the clothes relevant position and sew up and fix, and do not influence outward appearance and use, and easy to operate as far as possible.All circuits and device are all concentrated in the anter of clothes next to the shin, to avoid the circuit connectivity problem of seam crossing as far as possible.
The spinning of conductive fiber, weave or the manufacture craft of covering yarn (conductive fiber is at yarn core) and fasciated yarn (conductive fiber is on the yarn surface) is adopted in knitting processing, weave or knitting (longitude and latitude or be spaced in length and breadth) technology, guarantee spinning and weave smoothly, and reach normal cloth cover effect.
Adopt being connected of conductive fiber or optical fiber and integrated circuit part or supplying cell multi-link, with prevent circuit damage, fracture and use in junction root conductive fiber or fibercuts and influence operate as normal.Though welding can obtain the good electron contact, the toxicity in the traditional welding composition makes it inapplicable, because it directly contacts with human body, and the flexibility of fabric is lowered.Preferably select for use good conductivity, good endurance, electroconductive binder that flexibility is good to carry out the binding of integrated circuit part pin and conductive fiber.
The cutting of clothes, the method for making adopt to put up a bridge welding and overseam connect the severing circuit, and guarantee its normal durable and wearability, will stand slight machine washing simultaneously.For guaranteeing the normal durable and wearability of integrated circuit part, to stand slight machine washing simultaneously, integrated circuit partly is embedded in thicker places such as the clothes bottom, cuff or collar, make processing and fabricating and easy to operate, and do not influence snugness of fit and washing, and adopt high polymer to reinforce it.
Claims (7)
1. intelligent clothing capable of detecting human body temperature, comprise the wideband light source, coupler, distributed fiber grating sensor, F-P tunable optic filter and the process packaged integrated circuits part that are arranged on these clothes, wideband light source links to each other with the distributed fiber grating sensor by coupler, and the distributed fiber grating sensor links to each other with the F-P tunable optic filter behind coupler; Integrated circuit partly comprises electric power management circuit, microprocessor, scanning voltage circuit, photo-detector, signal conditioning circuit, the output interface of microprocessor links to each other with the scanning voltage circuit, the scanning voltage signal loading of being produced by the scanning voltage circuit is at the drive end of F-P tunable optic filter, and the optical signal of F-P tunable optic filter output is input to microprocessor through the signal of telecommunication that photo-detector receives the back generation by signal conditioning circuit; Optical fiber and conductive fiber in making the lining of clothes, have been inweaved, light path between wideband light source, coupler, distributed fiber grating sensor, F-P tunable optic filter and the process packaged integrated circuits part adopts optical fiber to connect, and circuit supply adopts the conductive fiber connection.
2. intelligent clothing capable of detecting human body temperature according to claim 1 is characterized in that integrated circuit partly adopts epoxy encapsulation.
3. intelligent clothing capable of detecting human body temperature according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, described scanning voltage circuit comprises D/A converter, bipolar amplifier, phase inverter, the data signal that is generated by microprocessor is converted into analog signal through D/A converter, after amplifying through bipolar amplifier again, be divided into two-way, the one tunnel is directly connected to a drive end of F-P tunable optic filter, and another road is through being connected to another drive end of F-P tunable optic filter behind the phase inverter.
4. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described intelligent clothing capable of detecting human body temperature, it is characterized in that, described signal conditioning circuit comprises amplification treatment circuit, A/D converter, receives the signal of telecommunication that comes from photo-detector and be admitted to microprocessor after amplifying processing and A/D conversion.
5. the preparation method of the described intelligent clothing capable of detecting human body temperature of claim 1 comprises the following steps:
(1) adopts the method for bag core and looping that optical fiber and conductive fiber are made into yarn, the arrangement spaced apart of its longitude and latitude is inweaved in the lining;
(2), and, the lining that the employing said method is made is made clothes in the seam crossing welding of putting up a bridge through cutting and making;
(3) encapsulated integrated circuit part;
(4) wideband light source, coupler, distributed fiber grating sensor, F-P tunable optic filter and process packaged integrated circuits part are imbedded the clothes of making respectively, the light path between them adopts optical fiber to connect, and circuit supply adopts the conductive fiber connection.
6. the preparation method of intelligent clothing according to claim 5 is characterized in that, when integrated circuit was partly encapsulated, chip partly adopted epoxy encapsulation, and periphery is with rubber or plastic consolidation waterproof.
7. the preparation method of intelligent clothing according to claim 5 is characterized in that, adopts electroconductive binder to carry out the binding of integrated circuit part pin and conductive fiber.
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| CNB2008100530375A CN100551284C (en) | 2008-05-08 | 2008-05-08 | Intelligent clothing capable of detecting human body temperature and preparation method thereof |
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| CN102269573A (en) * | 2011-05-03 | 2011-12-07 | 东华大学 | Quasi-distributed composite structure strain and temperature detection system |
| CN102283538A (en) * | 2011-07-20 | 2011-12-21 | 上海波汇通信科技有限公司 | Intelligent bed sheet for measuring temperature of human body |
| CN102813528A (en) * | 2012-09-10 | 2012-12-12 | 天津工业大学 | Wavelength demodulation system, heart sound detection device and application |
| CN102938678A (en) * | 2012-12-04 | 2013-02-20 | 上海朗研光电科技有限公司 | Clock synchronization device applicable to quantum communication system |
| CN101708076B (en) * | 2009-11-30 | 2013-05-08 | 天津工业大学 | Method for embedding optical fiber grating temperature sensor into clothes |
| CN103271724A (en) * | 2013-04-22 | 2013-09-04 | 天津工业大学 | Method used for array waveguide optical grating demodulating system temperature compensation in smart clothes |
| CN103385548A (en) * | 2013-07-26 | 2013-11-13 | 吴江市金迪喷织厂 | Temperature-sensing clothing fabric |
| CN104015940A (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2014-09-03 | 天津大学 | Novel intelligent clothes with warning function |
| CN104243024A (en) * | 2013-06-14 | 2014-12-24 | 福州高意通讯有限公司 | Online monitoring method and device for fiber Raman amplifier |
| CN105059571A (en) * | 2015-08-05 | 2015-11-18 | 安徽贵谷电子商务有限公司 | Novel intelligent garment with warning function |
| CN108447227A (en) * | 2018-03-07 | 2018-08-24 | 天津大学 | A kind of interior is unexpected to fall intelligent alarm platform and its detection method |
| CN108697339A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2018-10-23 | 健康纺织瑞典公司 | Method and system for monitoring medical garment |
| CN109767126A (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2019-05-17 | 博拉网络股份有限公司 | A kind of server for artificial intelligence monitoring system |
| CN114089475A (en) * | 2022-01-11 | 2022-02-25 | 之江实验室 | Quasi-distributed fiber Bragg grating demodulation chip and bearing equipment |
| CN117179748A (en) * | 2023-08-25 | 2023-12-08 | 嘉兴学院G60科创走廊产业与创新研究院 | Fiber bragg grating vital sign monitoring device and method |
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| CN101708076B (en) * | 2009-11-30 | 2013-05-08 | 天津工业大学 | Method for embedding optical fiber grating temperature sensor into clothes |
| CN102269573B (en) * | 2011-05-03 | 2014-11-05 | 东华大学 | Quasi-distributed composite structure strain and temperature detection system |
| CN102269573A (en) * | 2011-05-03 | 2011-12-07 | 东华大学 | Quasi-distributed composite structure strain and temperature detection system |
| CN102283538A (en) * | 2011-07-20 | 2011-12-21 | 上海波汇通信科技有限公司 | Intelligent bed sheet for measuring temperature of human body |
| CN102813528A (en) * | 2012-09-10 | 2012-12-12 | 天津工业大学 | Wavelength demodulation system, heart sound detection device and application |
| CN102938678A (en) * | 2012-12-04 | 2013-02-20 | 上海朗研光电科技有限公司 | Clock synchronization device applicable to quantum communication system |
| CN103271724A (en) * | 2013-04-22 | 2013-09-04 | 天津工业大学 | Method used for array waveguide optical grating demodulating system temperature compensation in smart clothes |
| CN104243024A (en) * | 2013-06-14 | 2014-12-24 | 福州高意通讯有限公司 | Online monitoring method and device for fiber Raman amplifier |
| CN103385548A (en) * | 2013-07-26 | 2013-11-13 | 吴江市金迪喷织厂 | Temperature-sensing clothing fabric |
| CN104015940A (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2014-09-03 | 天津大学 | Novel intelligent clothes with warning function |
| CN105059571A (en) * | 2015-08-05 | 2015-11-18 | 安徽贵谷电子商务有限公司 | Novel intelligent garment with warning function |
| CN108697339A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2018-10-23 | 健康纺织瑞典公司 | Method and system for monitoring medical garment |
| CN108697339B (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2021-08-10 | 健康纺织瑞典公司 | Method and system for monitoring medical garments |
| CN108447227A (en) * | 2018-03-07 | 2018-08-24 | 天津大学 | A kind of interior is unexpected to fall intelligent alarm platform and its detection method |
| CN109767126A (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2019-05-17 | 博拉网络股份有限公司 | A kind of server for artificial intelligence monitoring system |
| CN109767126B (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2022-11-04 | 博拉网络股份有限公司 | Server for artificial intelligence monitoring system |
| CN114089475A (en) * | 2022-01-11 | 2022-02-25 | 之江实验室 | Quasi-distributed fiber Bragg grating demodulation chip and bearing equipment |
| CN117179748B (en) * | 2023-08-25 | 2024-09-10 | 嘉兴学院G60科创走廊产业与创新研究院 | Fiber bragg grating vital sign monitoring device and method |
| CN117179748A (en) * | 2023-08-25 | 2023-12-08 | 嘉兴学院G60科创走廊产业与创新研究院 | Fiber bragg grating vital sign monitoring device and method |
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| CN100551284C (en) | 2009-10-21 |
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