CN106834814B - A kind of aluminium alloy conductor that high conductivity and heat heat resistance is anti-corrosion and preparation process and application - Google Patents
A kind of aluminium alloy conductor that high conductivity and heat heat resistance is anti-corrosion and preparation process and application Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 235000010210 aluminium Nutrition 0.000 claims description 20
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000001550 time effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010622 cold drawing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001192 hot extrusion Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 24
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 12
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910019752 Mg2Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000551 Silumin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011258 core-shell material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006056 electrooxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/043—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with silicon as the next major constituent
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/02—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of metals or alloys
- H01B1/023—Alloys based on aluminium
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of aluminium alloy conductor that high conductivity and heat heat resistance is anti-corrosion and preparation process and applications.The conducting wire is mainly made of Al, Er, Sc, Zr, Si and inevitable impurity element, by the synergistic effect of technique and component, has conducting wire compared with coarse grain and cleaner crystal boundary, while going back a large amount of quaternary nanometer phases of disperse educt.The conducting wire has effectively taken into account electric conductivity, heat resistance, corrosion resistance and intensity, conductivity is more than or equal to 61.8%IACS, and tensile strength is more than or equal to 190MPa, and longtime running temperature may be up to 210 DEG C, the intensity survival rate of 230 DEG C/1h is greater than 90%, and has excellent corrosion resistance.The conducting wire is for coastal area hygrothermal environment with high salt and the power engineering construction and extending capacity reformation of industrial area acid mist environment, while improving transmission line of electricity capacity and reducing transmission of electricity line loss, can extension lead service life and replacing construction, have significant economic benefit and energy conservation and environmental protection meaning.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of wire and cable aluminium alloy conductor, in particular to a kind of high-pressure frames that large capacity transmits electric power
High conductivity and heat heat resistance Alcoa conducting wire and its preparation process and application used in ceases to be busy road, belong to electrical material technical field.
Background technique
The coastal area of industry prosperity, it is in good demand to electric power, still, in industrial pollution and damp and hot two kinds with high salt coastal
Under the conditions of adverse circumstances superposition, the security reliability of transmission line of electricity is challenged.By taking China southeastern coastal areas as an example, in height
Warm high humidity (for year-round average temperature at 20 DEG C or more, medial humidity is 70% or more) atmospheric environment, salinity is high in air, industrial pollution
Seriously, atmospheric environment very severe locating for transmission line of electricity, conducting wire corrodes in a short time and failure phenomenon is commonplace, only Fu Jianquan
State and Zhangzhou Area just have more than 50 because of power transmission conductor failure case caused by corrosion, because of wire fracture thing caused by atmospheric corrosion
Therefore it happens occasionally.It is higher in addition to having to transmission pressure in order to ensure the transmission line capability, transfer efficiency and security reliability of route
Outside conduction needs, also there is certain heat-resisting, anti-corrosion and intensity requirement to it.Existing patent discloses a kind of high-strength special alumite conjunction
Golden conducting wire and preparation method thereof carries out microalloying, the aluminium of acquisition using 0.01-0.18wt.%Sc and 0.06-0.5wt.%Zr
The tensile strength of alloy lead wire reaches 211MPa, and the intensity survival rate of 230 DEG C/1h reaches 97%, the intensity remaining of 400 DEG C/1h
Rate reaches 95%, but its conductivity only has 60%IACS, and is not directed to corrosion resistance.Separately there is patent to disclose a kind of alumite conjunction
Golden conductor material and preparation method thereof, using Zr, Er, Fe combined microalloying, disclosed conductivity is between 59.5~60.5%
Between IACS, long-term heat resisting temperature only have 180 DEG C, tensile strength do not refer to corrosion resistance not higher than 160MPa.There are also specially
Benefit discloses a kind of high-strength highly-conductive heat-resisting aluminium alloy wire rod and preparation method, using Al, La, Ce, Sc, Fe, Si microalloying,
The tensile strength of conductor material reaches 255MPa or more, but conductivity is only 60.0%IACS, and long-term heat resisting temperature is only 180
DEG C, also without being related to corrosion resistance.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provide it is a kind of it is high lead, be heat-resisting, anti-corrosion aluminium alloy conductor component proportion and its preparation process, it is prepared
The conductivity of conducting wire is more than or equal to 61.8%IACS, and the intensity survival rate of 230 DEG C/1h is greater than 90%, and longtime running temperature is up to
210 DEG C, tensile strength is more than or equal to 190MPa.
A kind of aluminium alloy conductor that high conductivity and heat heat resistance is anti-corrosion of the present invention, including following components, form by mass percentage:
0.05~0.30wt.% of Er
0.10~0.20wt.% of Sc,
0.05~0.15wt.% of Zr,
0.05~0.10wt.% of Si,
Inevitable impurity F e content is less than 0.03wt.%, and the content summation of the impurity such as Ti, V, Cr, Mn is less than
0.01wt.%, Al are surplus.
A kind of aluminium alloy conductor that high conductivity and heat heat resistance is anti-corrosion of the present invention, the conducting wire have core-duplex shell structure nanoprecipitation
Phase Al3(Er,Sc,Zr)。
A kind of aluminium alloy conductor that high conductivity and heat heat resistance is anti-corrosion of the present invention, the mass percent of Zr are 0.05-0.15%, such as
0.06%, 0.07%, 0.08%, 0.09%, 0.10%, 0.11%, 0.12%, 0.13%, 0.14% etc..
A kind of aluminium alloy conductor that high conductivity and heat heat resistance is anti-corrosion of the present invention, the mass percent of Er are as follows: 0.05-0.3%, such as
0.07%, 0.09%, 0.11%, 0.13%, 0.15%, 0.17%, 0.19%, 0.21%, 0.23%, 0.25%, 0.27%,
0.29% etc..
A kind of aluminium alloy conductor that high conductivity and heat heat resistance is anti-corrosion of the present invention, the mass percent of Sc are as follows: 0.1-0.2%, such as
0.11%, 0.12%, 0.13%, 0.14%, 0.15%, 0.16%, 0.17%, 0.18%, 0.19% etc..
A kind of aluminium alloy conductor that high conductivity and heat heat resistance is anti-corrosion of the present invention, the mass percent of Si are as follows: 0.05-0.10%, such as
0.06%, 0.07%, 0.08%, 0.09% etc..
Preferably, a kind of aluminium alloy conductor that high conductivity and heat heat resistance is anti-corrosion of the present invention, the conducting wire is with mass percent
Meter includes following components:
0.10%~0.13wt.% of Er,
0.12%~0.18wt.% of Sc,
0.05%~0.10wt.% of Zr,
0.05%~0.07wt.% of Si,
Inevitable impurity F e content is less than 0.03wt.%, and the content summation of the impurity such as Ti, V, Cr, Mn is less than
0.01wt.%, Al are surplus.
Preparation process of the invention is matched by the material component of design, chooses the industry that purity is greater than 99.7% respectively
Intermediate alloy is added after 780 DEG C of fusing commercial-purity aluminiums, 730 DEG C~750 in the intermediate alloy of fine aluminium ingot and Er, Sc, Zr, Si
DEG C heat preservation, after intermediate alloy is completely melt, refining, the analysis of stokehold fast component and composition adjustment, in 720 DEG C of heat preservations standings 15
~20 minutes, then casting, two-stage time effect, extruding, drawing obtained aluminium alloy monofilament.
A kind of preparation process for the aluminium alloy conductor that high conductivity and heat heat resistance is anti-corrosion of the present invention, the casting is selected from conventional cast, half
One of continuously casting and continuously casting；Casting obtains blank or line bar, and cooling rate when casting is more than or equal to 20 DEG C/s.
A kind of preparation process for the aluminium alloy conductor that high conductivity and heat heat resistance is anti-corrosion of the present invention, the two-stage time effect are 300~330
DEG C carry out 12~36 hours timeliness, then aging temp is improved to 400~430 DEG C of progress, 24~48 hours timeliness.
A kind of preparation process for the aluminium alloy conductor that high conductivity and heat heat resistance is anti-corrosion of the present invention, described squeeze includes conventional extrusion and company
It is continuous to squeeze, temperature is squeezed between 350~500 DEG C, and extrusion ratio is more than or equal to 80, and extrusion deformation degree is more than or equal to 80%.This hair
Conventional extrusion described in bright is other extrusion process except Continuous Heat squeezes.
A kind of preparation process for the aluminium alloy conductor that high conductivity and heat heat resistance is anti-corrosion of the present invention, the drawing are multi pass drawing, road
Secondary lengthening coefficient is 1.2~1.5, and the accumulation total coefficient of elongation is 5.5~10.5, and last cold drawing pulls into the list that diameter is 3~5mm
Silk.
A kind of preparation process for the aluminium alloy conductor that high conductivity and heat heat resistance is anti-corrosion of the present invention, the conductivity of prepared conducting wire are greater than etc.
In 61.8%IACS, tensile strength is more than or equal to 190MPa, and the intensity survival rate of 230 DEG C/1h is greater than 90%, long-term heat resisting temperature
Up to 210 DEG C, in 3.5wt%NaCl solution, 60% yield strength is loaded, stress corrosion 1 month not broken.In the present invention
In, it is guide line under 230 DEG C of operating condition that the intensity survival rate of 230 DEG C/1h, which is greater than 90%, after 1 hour, intensity remaining
Rate is greater than 90%.
A kind of preparation process for the aluminium alloy conductor that high conductivity and heat heat resistance is anti-corrosion of the present invention, the conductivity of prepared conducting wire are reachable
62.1%IACS.
A kind of preparation process for the aluminium alloy conductor that high conductivity and heat heat resistance is anti-corrosion of the present invention, the tensile strength of prepared conducting wire are reachable
215MPa。
Of the invention designed and preparation conducting wire can be used for adverse circumstances；The adverse circumstances are industrial pollution and/or edge
Sea hygrothermal environment with high salt.
The adverse circumstances include at least one of following indexs:
Sulfur dioxide concentration is greater than 8.25ug/m3, chlorine ion concentration is greater than 0.95mg/m2.d, wetting time is greater than 5800h/
a。
When of the invention designed and preparation conducting wire is used for adverse circumstances, service life is existing aluminium alloy conductor
1.2 times even higher.
Principle and advantage
In order to improve alloy strength and heat resistance, existing patent report Zr, Er or Zr, Sc binary is compound is added to aluminum substrate
In, due to poor 2 orders of magnitude of the diffusion rate size of Er and Zr, take the lead in the Al being precipitated3Er particle is easy roughening, tri compound phase
Al3The forming core number of (Er, Zr) is reduced, and reduces strengthening effect and thermal stability result, when the compound addition of Sc, Zr binary, Sc and
Poor 1 order of magnitude of the diffusion rate size of Zr equally exists the Al for taking the lead in being precipitated3Sc particle is easy the problem of roughening, but it is thick
Change rate and is lower than the compound addition of Er, Zr binary.The present invention pass through suitable Zr, Sc, Er, Si quaternary it is compound addition and be aided with it is special
Two-stage time effect process, generate adequately induction precipitation and inhibit roughening effect.The diffusion rate of Er is maximum, in 250 DEG C of energy
Al is precipitated3Er particle, when temperature is more than 300 DEG C, induction Sc depends on Al3Er particle is precipitated, and inhibits Al3The roughening of Er particle,
Form the Al of highdensity nucleocapsid structure3(Er, Sc) phase, when temperature is increased to 400 DEG C of progress second level timeliness, the diffusion of Zr
Rate increases because temperature improves, and depends on Al3(Er, Sc) particle is precipitated, and inhibits Al3The roughening of (Er, Sc) particle, forms
With core-duplex shell structure nanoprecipitation phase Al3(Er,Sc,Zr).In the commercial-purity aluminium that the present invention uses, Si content is 0.03
Between~0.05wt.%, grain boundaries are enriched in since Si easily forms coarse phase, therefore the toughness and corrosion resistance for influencing alloy are removed
Silumin alloy and with Mg2Si is outside 6 line aluminium alloys of hardening constituent, and Si is regarded as inevitable impurity in aluminium alloy
Element will usually take measures to remove it.The present invention passes through instead is additionally added suitable Si, replaces the part on aluminium lattice
Al atom to increase the alloying element especially diffusion rate of Zr, and then inhibits Al to increase the vacancy concentration of aluminum substrate3
The roughening of (Er, Sc) particle.
In the special two-stage time effect processing for being transitioned into high temperature by low temperature, diffusion rate is between Zr and Er the present invention
Sc, being roughened aspect with inhibition richness Er phase in induction Zr precipitation plays key player, and appropriate Si is played and alloying element is promoted to expand
Scattered effect makes the abundant precipitation of Zr, Sc, Er for being dissolved state, increases Al3The number of (Er, Sc, Zr) quaternary nanometer precipitated phase, into
And the tiny precipitated phase for promoting highly dispersed to be distributed is precipitated.
Compared to alloy substrate, the electrochemical potential current potential of crystal boundary is more negative, and the infusibility impurity that the elements such as Fe, Si are formed is compatible
It is easily enriched in grain boundaries, causes crystal boundary to be easier to be etched, the crystal grain of alloy is thinner, and the relative area of crystal boundary is bigger, to alloy
Corrosion resistance it is more unfavorable.In the preferred solution of the invention, the additional amount of Zr is only that the additional amount of 0.05%~0.10%, Er is
0.10%~0.13%, it is not in the Al that can become heterogeneous nuclei3Zr primary phase and Al3Er primary phase, can get size is suitable for
As-cast grain, the suitable as-cast grain of size can reduce the relative area of crystal boundary, so as to improve the corrosion resistance of alloy.The present invention
Si and the interparticle reciprocation of nanoprecipitation inhibit Si to be enriched in grain boundaries, so that crystal boundary is had higher degree of purity, to alloy
Toughness and corrosion resistance generate beneficial effect, and still, excessive Si can not only damage the toughness and corrosion resistance of alloy, also can be to leading
Electric rate and heat resistance have an adverse effect.Further, since the potential difference of precipitated phase and matrix can generate electrochemical corrosion,
Precipitate size is coarse and is unevenly distributed, and is easy to cause spot corrosion, and the precipitate size of alloy of the present invention is tiny, is distributed disperse,
It can further improve the corrosion resistance of alloy.
The material component that the present invention designs matches (the material component proportion after especially optimizing) and is aided with special twin-stage
Aging technique makes Er, Sc, Zr, Si generate collaboration and raises suppression effect, and promotion precipitating phase size reduces and quantity increases, and generates good
Good strengthening effect and thermostabilization effect, meanwhile, the conductivity of alloy is improved because solid solution degree reduces, it is opposite because of crystal boundary
Area reduction, the raising of crystal boundary degree of purity, precipitated phase be tiny and Dispersed precipitate and greatly improves corrosion resistance, to make conducting wire
Conductivity, intensity, heat resistance and corrosion resistance collaboration improve.
In short, the present invention passes through the compound addition of appropriate Zr, Sc, Er, Si and is aided with special two-stage time effect, in its component
Under the synergistic effect of technique, unexpected excellent effect is obtained.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing 1 (a), (b) are respectively the as-cast structure photo of five alloy of embodiment two and comparative example.
Attached drawing 2 (a), (b) are respectively that embodiment two and five alloy of comparative example impregnate 1 month in 3.5wt%NaCl solution
Surface SEM photograph afterwards.
Attached drawing 3 (a), (b), (c) are respectively the STEM- of two Age-prrcipitation Phase of embodiment two, comparative example one and comparative example
HAADF photo.
As seen from Figure 1, the crystallite dimension of embodiment two is 1~2mm, and crystal grain is coarseer, and crystal boundary is completely clear, this is
Because the alloying element content of addition is lower, it is difficult to being formed in crystallization can be used as the primary phase of heterogeneous nuclei, thus obtain compared with
Coarse crystal grain, and coarse grain is conducive to improve the corrosion resisting property and heat resistance of alloy.The crystallite dimension of comparative example five exists
200~300 μm, crystal grain is tiny, this is because the excessive of Zr is added, nascent Al is formed in crystallization process3Zr particle simultaneously generates
Caused by Grain Refinement Effect, in addition, part crystal boundary, which can be observed, has the second phase being continuously or intermittently distributed, to be analyzed be miscellaneous
Matter phase or primary phase.
As seen from Figure 2, for alloy after one month impregnates, the sample of embodiment two still keeps even curface, does not have
Apparent point corrosion pit is occurred, homogeneous corrosion is belonged to, and comparative example five produces serious corrosion, this is that there are more miscellaneous for crystal boundary
Matter phase and crystal boundary relative area it is larger caused by.
The nanometer phase of a large amount of Dispersed precipitates has been precipitated in embodiment two it can be seen from Fig. 3 (a), and average diameter is on the left side 5nm
The right side, precipitated phase has core-shell structure copolymer-shell three-decker it can be seen from partial enlarged view, is analyzed as Al3(Er, Sc, Zr) precipitating
Phase.Comparative example one uses single-stage aging, and precipitate size is in 15nm or so it can be seen from Fig. 3 (b), and size is larger and density
It is relatively low.Comparative example two is only added to Sc and Zr, there was only one layer of shell, precipitate size outside core it can be seen from Fig. 3 (c)
It is coarseer than embodiment two for 20nm or so, and phase density is precipitated and is relatively low.Precipitate size is bigger, number is fewer, then by force
It is weaker to change effect, heat resistance is also corresponding lower, and precipitate volume fraction is lower, then precipitation is more insufficient, and conductivity is also lower.
Specific embodiment
In the embodiment of the present invention and comparative example, the aluminium content of the aluminium ingot of use is more than or equal to 99.7wt.%, 780
Intermediate alloy is added after DEG C being melted, in-between alloy is Al-2wt.%Sc, Al-5wt.%Er, Al-5wt.%Zr, Al-
2~4 kinds in 5wt.%Si, determine that type and additional amount is added in intermediate alloy according to component design；It is completely molten to intermediate alloy
It is kept the temperature after change at 740 DEG C, is sufficiently stirred, refines, analyze and adjust by stokehold fast component, make the mass percent of each element
For design value, stand 15~20 minutes in 720 DEG C of heat preservations, then casting, timeliness, squeeze, be drawn into monofilament.Casting technological parameter
Are as follows: casting temperature is 720 DEG C, and cooling rate is 30 DEG C/s；Extrusion process parameters are as follows: squeezing temperature is 440 DEG C, and extrusion ratio is
89.5, extrusion deformation degree 98.5%；The circle aluminium bar for obtaining Φ 9.5 is squeezed, the aluminium alloy single of Φ 4.0mm is drawn into through 6 passages
Silk.
Embodiment one
Smelting, refining, both analysis ingredient and composition adjustment, make the mass percent of each element are as follows: Zr is
0.05%, Sc 0.14%, Er 0.10%, Si 0.05%.Cast after standing, obtain slab, to slab carry out 300 DEG C/
The two-stage time effect of 36h+400 DEG C/48h is squeezed, drawing obtains monofilament.Monofilament is tested for the property, the results are shown in Table 1.
The all-round property testing result of 1 embodiment of table, one aluminium monofilament
Embodiment two
Smelting, refining, both analysis ingredient and composition adjustment, make the mass percent of each element are as follows: Zr is
0.08%, Sc 0.18%, Er 0.12%, Si 0.06%.Cast after standing, obtain slab, to slab carry out 310 DEG C/
The two-stage time effect of+400 DEG C for 24 hours/48h is squeezed, drawing obtains monofilament.Monofilament is tested for the property, the results are shown in Table 2.
The all-round property testing result of 2 embodiment of table, two aluminium monofilament
Embodiment three
Smelting, refining, both analysis ingredient and composition adjustment, make the mass percent of each element are as follows: Zr is
0.15%, Sc 0.10%, Er 0.20%, Si 0.08%.Cast after standing, obtain slab, to slab carry out 330 DEG C/
It 12h+430 DEG C/two-stage time effect for 24 hours, is squeezed, drawing obtains monofilament.Monofilament is tested for the property, the results are shown in Table 3.
The all-round property testing result of 3 embodiment of table, three aluminium monofilament
Comparative example one
Smelting, refining, both analysis ingredient and composition adjustment, make the mass percent of each element are as follows: Zr is
0.08%, Sc 0.18%, Er 0.12%, Si 0.06%.Cast after standing, obtain slab, to slab carry out 400 DEG C/
The single-stage aging of 72h is squeezed, drawing obtains monofilament.Monofilament is tested for the property, the results are shown in Table 4.
The all-round property testing result of 4 comparative example of table, one aluminium monofilament
By embodiment two and comparative example one it can be seen that the compound addition of the quaternary of appropriate Zr, Sc, Er, Si and special pair
The synergistic effect of grade aging technique improves electric conductivity, heat resistance, corrosion resistance and the intensity collaboration of gained monofilament, when a group distribution
When side is completely the same, then it is not achieved using single-stage aging technique using corresponding effect acquired by special two-stage time effect.
Comparative example two
Smelting, refining, both analysis ingredient and composition adjustment, make the mass percent of each element are as follows: Zr is
0.15%, Sc 0.10%.It is cast after standing, obtains slab, when carrying out 330 DEG C/12h+430 DEG C/twin-stage for 24 hours to slab
Effect is squeezed, drawing obtains monofilament.Monofilament is tested for the property, the results are shown in Table 5.
The all-round property testing result of 5 comparative example of table, two aluminium monofilament
Comparative example two is only added to Zr, Sc, without adding Er, even if using two-stage time effect work identical with embodiment three
Skill, conductivity, intensity and the heat resistance index of gained monofilament are below embodiment three.
Comparative example three
Smelting, refining, both analysis ingredient and composition adjustment, make the mass percent of each element are as follows: Zr is
0.15%, Er 0.20%.It is cast after standing, obtains slab, when carrying out 330 DEG C/12h+430 DEG C/twin-stage for 24 hours to slab
Effect is squeezed, drawing obtains monofilament.Monofilament is tested for the property, the results are shown in Table 6.
The all-round property testing result of 6 comparative example of table, three aluminium monofilament
Comparative example three is only added to Zr, Er, without adding Sc, even if using two-stage time effect work identical with embodiment three
Skill, conductivity, intensity and the heat resistance index of gained monofilament are below embodiment three.
Comparative example four
Smelting, refining, both analysis ingredient and composition adjustment, make the mass percent of each element are as follows: Zr is
0.32%, Sc 0.25%, Er 0.35%, Si 0.08%.Cast after standing, obtain slab, to slab carry out 300 DEG C/
The two-stage time effect of 36h+400 DEG C/48h is squeezed, drawing obtains monofilament.Monofilament is tested for the property, the results are shown in Table 7.
The all-round property testing result of 7 comparative example of table, four aluminium monofilament
By embodiment one and comparative example four as can be seen that when designed conducting wire component is not in the limited range of the present invention
When interior, the electric conductivity and corrosion resistance of gained monofilament reflect the four of appropriate Zr, Sc, Er, Si of the invention significantly lower than the present invention
The synergistic effect of member compound addition and special two-stage time effect process could make on the basis of guaranteeing some strength and heat resistance
Electric conductivity and corrosion resisting property are significantly improved.
Comparative example five
Smelting, refining, both analysis ingredient and composition adjustment, make the mass percent of each element are as follows: Zr is
0.28%, Sc 0.18%, Er 0.12%, Si 0.06%.Cast after standing, obtain slab, to slab carry out 310 DEG C/
The two-stage time effect of+400 DEG C for 24 hours/48h is squeezed, drawing obtains monofilament.Monofilament is tested for the property, the results are shown in Table 8.
The all-round property testing result of 8 comparative example of table, five aluminium monofilament
Through embodiment two and comparative example five as can be seen that in designed conducting wire component, even if only a certain constituent element
When beyond limited range of the invention, the electric conductivity and corrosion resistance of gained monofilament are substantially less than the present invention, reflect this hair
The synergistic effect of the quaternary of bright appropriate Zr, Sc, Er, Si compound addition and special two-stage time effect process could exist guaranteeing conducting wire
On the basis of some strength and heat resistance, electric conductivity and corrosion resisting property are significantly improved, and produce unexpected
Excellent effect.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of aluminium alloy conductor that high conductivity and heat heat resistance is anti-corrosion, including following components form by mass percentage:
0.05 ~ 0.30wt.% of Er,
0.10 ~ 0.20wt.% of Sc,
0.05 ~ 0.15wt.% of Zr,
0.05 ~ 0.10wt.% of Si,
Inevitable impurity F e content less than 0.03 wt.%, the content summation of impurity Ti, V, Cr, Mn less than 0.01 wt.%,
Al is surplus；
Matching the preparation method comprises the following steps: pressing the material component designed for the aluminium alloy conductor that the high conductivity and heat heat resistance is anti-corrosion, chooses pure respectively
The intermediate alloy of technical pure aluminium ingot of the degree greater than 99.7% and Er, Sc, Zr, Si, after 780 DEG C of fusing commercial-purity aluminiums among addition
Alloy is kept the temperature at 730 DEG C ~ 750 DEG C, after intermediate alloy is completely melt, refining, the analysis of stokehold fast component and composition adjustment,
15 ~ 20 minutes are stood in 720 DEG C of heat preservations, then casting, two-stage time effect, extruding, drawing obtain aluminium alloy monofilament；
The two-stage time effect are as follows: then temperature is improved to 400 ~ 430 DEG C and carries out 24 by 300 ~ 330 DEG C of progress, 12 ~ 36 hours timeliness
~ 48 hours timeliness；
Described squeeze includes conventional hot extrusion and continuously extruded, squeezes temperature between 350 ~ 500 DEG C, extrusion ratio is more than or equal to
80, extrusion deformation degree is more than or equal to 80%；
The drawing is multi pass drawing, and passage lengthening coefficient is 1.2 ~ 1.5, and the accumulation total coefficient of elongation is 5.5 ~ 10.5, finally
Cold drawing pulls into the monofilament that diameter is 3 ~ 5mm.
2. the aluminium alloy conductor that a kind of high conductivity and heat heat resistance according to claim 1 is anti-corrosion, it is characterised in that: the conducting wire has
Core-duplex shell structure nanoprecipitation phase Al3(Er,Sc,Zr)。
3. the aluminium alloy conductor that a kind of high conductivity and heat heat resistance according to claim 2 is anti-corrosion, it is characterised in that: the conducting wire is with matter
Measuring percentages includes following components:
0.10 ~ 0.13 wt.% of Er,
0.12 ~ 0.18 wt.% of Sc,
0.05 ~ 0.10 wt.% of Zr,
0.05 ~ 0.07 wt.% of Si,
Inevitable impurity F e content less than 0.03 wt.%, the content summation of impurity Ti, V, Cr, Mn less than 0.01 wt.%,
Al is surplus.
4. the aluminium alloy conductor that a kind of high conductivity and heat heat resistance according to claim 1 is anti-corrosion, it is characterised in that: the casting is selected from
One of conventional cast, semi-continuous casting and continuously casting；Casting obtains blank or line bar, and cooling rate when casting is greater than
Equal to 20 DEG C/s.
5. the aluminium alloy conductor that a kind of high conductivity and heat heat resistance according to any one of claims 1-4 is anti-corrosion, it is characterised in that: institute
The conductivity for preparing conducting wire is more than or equal to 61.8%IACS, and tensile strength is more than or equal to 190MPa, the intensity remaining of 230 DEG C/1 h
Rate is greater than 90%, and long-term heat resisting temperature is up to 210 DEG C, in 3.5wt%NaCl solution, loads 60% yield strength, stress corrosion 1
A month not broken.
6. a kind of application for the aluminium alloy conductor that high conductivity and heat heat resistance as described in claim 1-4 any one is anti-corrosion, feature exist
In: including the aluminium alloy conductor is used for adverse circumstances, the adverse circumstances include at least one of following indexs；
Sulfur dioxide concentration is greater than 8.2 ug/m3, chlorine ion concentration be greater than 0.95 mg/m2.d, wetting time is greater than 5800 h/a.
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| CN112281029A (en) * | 2020-10-09 | 2021-01-29 | 程朝刚 | Aluminum alloy material and preparation method thereof |
| CN112853162A (en) * | 2021-01-07 | 2021-05-28 | 中铝材料应用研究院有限公司 | High-conductivity heat-resistant aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN112941377B (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2022-09-30 | 北京工业大学 | Er-containing cast heat-resistant Al-Si-Cu-Mg alloy |
| CN114045418B (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2023-03-17 | 湖南稀土金属材料研究院有限责任公司 | Aluminum alloy material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114944237A (en) * | 2022-05-23 | 2022-08-26 | 远东电缆有限公司 | High antitorque aluminum alloy wire and soft conductor |
| CN115418513B (en) * | 2022-09-23 | 2023-09-29 | 北京航空航天大学云南创新研究院 | High-strength heat-resistant cast aluminum-silicon alloy and heat treatment method thereof |
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