CN106834638B - A kind of manufacturing method of steel brake drum - Google Patents
A kind of manufacturing method of steel brake drum Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106834638B CN106834638B CN201710111906.4A CN201710111906A CN106834638B CN 106834638 B CN106834638 B CN 106834638B CN 201710111906 A CN201710111906 A CN 201710111906A CN 106834638 B CN106834638 B CN 106834638B
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- brake drum
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
- C21D1/25—Hardening, combined with annealing between 300 degrees Celsius and 600 degrees Celsius, i.e. heat refining ("Vergüten")
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D65/00—Parts or details
- F16D65/02—Braking members; Mounting thereof
- F16D65/10—Drums for externally- or internally-engaging brakes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2200/00—Materials; Production methods therefor
- F16D2200/0004—Materials; Production methods therefor metallic
- F16D2200/0008—Ferro
- F16D2200/0021—Steel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2250/00—Manufacturing; Assembly
- F16D2250/0038—Surface treatment
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2250/00—Manufacturing; Assembly
- F16D2250/0038—Surface treatment
- F16D2250/0053—Hardening
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of manufacturing methods of steel brake drum, belong to braking equipment production technical field, the following steps are included: semi-finished product are made using steel material, then semi-finished product are heat-treated, are finally machined out to obtain product, wherein, the heat-treating methods are as follows: heat the semi-finished product, be warming up to 860 DEG C or more, then carry out pressure and quench, then after being warming up to 470 DEG C of -520 DEG C of heat preservations 2-4 hours it is air-cooled；The present invention is by the way of carrying out overall processing forming to steel brake drum, then the semi-finished product after forming are heat-treated, so that resultant metal interior tissue, at martensite, hardness, intensity and wearability are greatly improved, yield strength and tensile strength improve 30% or more, obtained brake drum is that an entirety does not have the product of any welding, welding bring defect is overcome, and due to having lacked welding, the links such as assembly, production cycle shortens 50% or more, 28% or more cost savings.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to braking system production technical field more particularly to a kind of manufacturing methods of steel brake drum.
Background technique
Brake drum, also known as drum brake are one kind common in heavy-duty truck brake, for making in traveling
Car deceleration or parking.
It is existing for making the material of brake drum, generally comprise cast iron or bimetallic this two major classes.Wherein, cast iron system
The thermal fatigue resistance for moving drum is poor, and usually occurring inner wall in use process by the development of longitudinal fine fisssure is cracking, so that last braking
The phenomenon that drum cracking；Although bi-metal brake drum can partially solve the problems, such as cast iron brake drums, though bimetallic shell
So being made of steel will not cracking, but being cast on inner wall is still cast iron, and water inner wall is met in actual condition can still generate
Cracking, dangerous, reliability is poor.
In order to improve the defect of above-mentioned cast iron brake drums and bi-metal brake drum, present applicant has been applied
Application No. is the Chinese patents that 2016101352098, patent name is " a kind of processing technology of low-carbon alloy steel brake drum ", entirely
Portion using steel alloy as material, and successively include blanking, pre-bending, roll bending, welding, bending, pier put down, shaping, Vehicle Processing and brill
Hole step, obtains steel brake drum, and in the technique, in terms of tooling cost, using hydraulic press, cost is far below centrifugal casting
Or bimetallic manufacturing process, the utilization rate of the material of the technique improve 30% or more, are much better than classical production process, process
The product come will not generate any crackle in actual condition, guarantee safety, which is greatly reduced, and compare cast iron
The preparation cost of brake drum reduces by 30% or more, and the manufacturing cost than bi-metal brake drum is even more to reduce by 50% or more.
Although reducing production cost this process increases the quality of brake drum, in applicant's actual production process
Middle summary discovery, still has following problems:
One, technique process is excessive, and by the way of splicing, big step just includes nine steps, and also includes in big step
Several small steps, such as light are that turner sequence just has as many as six steps, and production efficiency is still lower, and production cost still has the sky of reduction
Between；
Two, due to using welding sequence, and welding 100% cannot guarantee no any welding defect, example in welding process
As being easy to cause solder flux dampness so that weld can generate the defect of internal porosity, to influence matter whether wet weather
Amount；In another example inappropriate due to soldering angle in welding process, be easy to cause in girth weld occur it is scaling-off not completely from
Caused by slag inclusion defect；For example it can directly result in welding wire in the welding process due to the fluctuation of outer net voltage again and melt not
Good or transition melts to influence welding quality；The above problem is in the experimental stage due to being that single-piece in small batches can be to a certain degree
On controlled, once into large-scale production process, since blank dimension, angle are inconsistent, weather transformation, voltage become
Dynamic, the influence of technical capability of operative employee etc. factor causes welding quality not can guarantee, and product quality is uncontrollable；
So it is necessary to prior art is further improved, it is above-mentioned to solve the problems, such as.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is that a kind of manufacturing method of new steel brake drum is provided, to solve the above problems.
To achieve the goals above, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that such: a kind of manufacturer of steel brake drum
Method, comprising the following steps: semi-finished product are made using steel material, then semi-finished product are heat-treated, are finally machined out
Obtain product, wherein the heat-treating methods are as follows: the semi-finished product are heated, 860 DEG C or more is warming up to, is then pressed
Quench, then after being warming up to 470 DEG C of -520 DEG C of heat preservations 2-4 hours it is air-cooled.
Heat treatment is used for the disposed of in its entirety of steel brake drum by the present invention for the first time, although the technique patent before the application
Be heat-treated, but belong to local heat treatmet, the technique be heat treatment got well after carried out welding splicing again, its shortcoming is that
Welding temperature is excessively high when assembled by welding, causes the heat affected area tract tissue of weld that phase transformation has occurred so as to cause original heat
The tissue obtained after processing is lost, and this position is made to become weak link；Although the operating position of resulting brake drum
The overwhelming majority still has a high strength and high hardness, but the failure of steel be often exactly since most weak link namely before
The heat-affected zone stated starts, so that the quality of product obtained by the technique reduces, so that the reliability of brake drum
Safety reduces.
Wherein, the purpose for pressing process of quenching, is to be quenched under pressure, to control its shape in quenching process
Become, and the size after heat treatment, if not controlling these two aspects will lead to that following process surplus is unstable, shape is irregular, ruler
It is very little unstable.So it is also step important in this technique that pressure, which is quenched,.
Then the present invention carries out the semi-finished product after forming by the way of carrying out overall processing forming to steel brake drum
Heat treatment, so that resultant metal interior tissue, at martensite, hardness, intensity and wearability are greatly improved, surrender
Intensity and tensile strength improve 30% or more, and process is greatly decreased compared to prior art, and obtained brake drum is one whole
Body does not have the product of any welding, absolutely not any welding defect and because welding bring negative effect such as stress collection
In, heat affecting etc., and due to having lacked welding, the links such as assembly significantly shorten the production cycle, have saved cost.
After machining as a preferred technical solution, heat release hole is processed in working position.In order to control resulting brake drum
The excessively high phenomenon of temperature in actual operation, to achieve the purpose that heat dissipation by way of holes drilled through preferably at operating position,
Further increase the competitive advantage of product.
The steel material is mild steel as a preferred technical solution,.Technique of the invention is particularly suitable for various low
Carbon steel material.
As further preferred technical solution, obtained process of semi-finished includes blanking, annealing and flow-forming step,
In, the blanking step is that mild steel plate is cutting into a concentric circles；The annealing steps are by the concentric circles plate
It is warming up to 850-890 DEG C, 4-6 hours is kept the temperature, cools to 210 DEG C -260 DEG C with the furnace, then opening fire door carries out air-cooled, guarantees to move back
Guarantee hardness HB < 160 after fire；The flow-forming step is that the plate after the annealing is carried out mould pressing, obtains semi-finished product.
Wherein, annealing steps are existing known technology, and control hardness is in order to which subsequent rotary pressing processing is prepared, because of spinning
Machine is more than that 16 thick materials directly processs that there are certain difficulty for wall thickness, so material hardness is reduced by annealing, raising
Material deformability is to be conducive to following process.
When heating as a preferred technical solution, to the semi-finished product, the semi-finished product are integrally carried out with heating or right
Operating position part heating in medium frequency.
Pressure is when quenching as a preferred technical solution, quenches in pressure and carries out in tooling.Press tooling of quenching that can guarantee to press process of quenching
It goes on smoothly.
Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows: the present invention use to steel brake drum carry out overall processing at
Then the mode of shape is heat-treated the semi-finished product after forming, so that resultant metal interior tissue is at martensite, it is hard
Degree, intensity and wearability are greatly improved, and yield strength and tensile strength improve 30% or more, and process is compared to existing
Technique is greatly decreased, and obtained brake drum is that an entirety does not have a product of any welding, absolutely not any welding defect with
And because the negative effect of welding bring such as stress concentration, heat affecting, and welded due to having lacked, the links such as assembly, substantially
Degree shortens the production cycle: welding an obtained product average time-consuming about 25-30 minutes by assembled before, improves
For every time-consuming of this flat technique it is only necessary to 8-12 minutes, the production cycle shortened 50% or more afterwards；It has saved cost: having passed through before
Assembly welds an obtained product cost (by taking common heavy truck vehicle person of outstanding talent is fertile as an example) about at 350 yuan or so, and takes this work
Skill cost can control at 250 yuan or so, 28% or more cost savings.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is obtained sheet construction schematic diagram after blanking of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the semi-finished product of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is that the pressure of the embodiment of the present invention is quenched the structural schematic diagram of tooling.
In Fig. 3: 1, cope plate；2, upper junction plate；3, seaming chuck；4, knockout pin；5, product；6, mandrel；7, lower template 8,
Lower connecting plate 9, stripper plate.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of manufacturing method of steel brake drum, comprising the following steps:
1. blanking: by under steel plate at a concentric circles, as shown in Figure 1, the steel plate of the present embodiment is 30CrMo；
2. annealing: above-mentioned plate being put into annealing furnace, is warming up to 850 DEG C, 5 hours is kept the temperature, cools to 230 DEG C with the furnace, so
Fire door is opened afterwards carries out air-cooled, guarantee hardness HB=153 after annealing；
3. spinning: the plate after above-mentioned annealing being put into spinning machine and carries out spinning to obtain required semi-finished product such as Fig. 2 institute
Show；
4. heat treatment: by the heating of above-mentioned semi-finished product, (whole heating or operating position part intermediate frequency is can be selected in heating method
Heating), it is warming up to 880 DEG C and is put into pressure and quench tooling,
The structure for pressing tooling of quenching is provided with below cope plate 1 as shown in figure 3, including cope plate 1 and lower template 7
Connecting plate 2 and seaming chuck 3, seaming chuck 3 is fixed by screw and upper junction plate 2, and upper junction plate 2 is solid by screw and cope plate 1
It is fixed；The upper mold being made of seaming chuck 3, cope plate 1 and upper junction plate 2 is connect by knockout pin 4 with lower die 7, in order to guarantee precision,
Knockout pin 4 and cope plate 1 and lower template 7 are all made of the mode of interference fit；Being equipped in lower template 7 can be on knockout pin 4 certainly
By the stripper plate 9 slided, in order to guarantee that stripper plate 7 can be slided freely on knockout pin 9, it is desirable that two planes of stripper plate 7 must
Palpus is parallel and cannot be excessive with the gap of knockout pin 9；Product 5 is placed on stripper plate 9；Lower connecting plate 8 passes through screw and lower template 7
It is fixed, it is provided with water channel inside mandrel 6, convenient for directly acting on cooling medium on product 5 when work, and mandrel 6 is expansion set knot
Structure, there are gaps with product 5 when not working, are conveniently put into and demould, and mandrel 6 is fixed by screw and lower connecting plate 8；When assembly
It should be noted that upper and lower mould need to be on same center line；
Product 5 is first heated to technique required temperature when work, is then placed in mold, starting hydraulic press keeps upper mold downward
Movement can swell its mandrel 6 when it touches mandrel 6 since seaming chuck 3 is with tapered, and the outer wall of mandrel 6 is made to be close to produce
The inner wall of product 5, the internal water channel of the outer wall of product 5 and mandrel 6 starts to entire 5 spray cooling medium of product at the same time,
So that product 5 is cooled down rapidly, reaches quenching purpose；After product has cooled down, seaming chuck 3 leaves mandrel 6, then hydraulic press knock-pin
Ejection device plate 9, stripper plate 9 are detached from mandrel 6 with product 5, then take out product 5；It is put into tempering furnace, is warming up to 490 DEG C of guarantors
Temperature is air-cooled after 2 hours；
5. machining: using conventional machining；
6. processing heat release hole: in order to further increase product competition advantage, the excessively high phenomenon of temperature in actual operation is controlled,
It is preferred that achieve the purpose that heat dissipation by way of holes drilled through at operating position.
Embodiment 2
A kind of manufacturing method of steel brake drum, comprising the following steps:
1. blanking: by under steel plate at a concentric circles, as shown in Figure 1, the steel plate of the present embodiment is
35CrMoV；
2. annealing: above-mentioned plate being put into annealing furnace, is warming up to 890 DEG C, 6 hours is kept the temperature, cools to 255 DEG C with the furnace, so
Fire door is opened afterwards carries out air-cooled, hardness HB=151 after annealing；
3. spinning: the plate after above-mentioned annealing being put into spinning machine and carries out spinning to obtain required semi-finished product such as Fig. 2 institute
Show；
4. heat treatment: by the heating of above-mentioned semi-finished product, (whole heating or operating position part intermediate frequency is can be selected in heating method
Heating), it is warming up to 910 DEG C and is put into pressure and quench tooling, structure is pressed as shown in figure 3, then cool down the semi-finished product rapidly with quenching liquid
The tooling and method quenched are same as Example 1, and the semi-finished product are quenched from pressure then and are taken out in tooling, is put into tempering furnace, is warming up to
510 DEG C heat preservation 3 hours after it is air-cooled；
5. machining: using conventional machining；
6. processing heat release hole: in order to further increase product competition advantage, the excessively high phenomenon of temperature in actual operation is controlled,
It is preferred that achieve the purpose that heat dissipation by way of holes drilled through at operating position
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention within mind and principle.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of manufacturing method of steel brake drum, which comprises the following steps: using steel material be made half at
Then product are heat-treated semi-finished product, be finally machined out to obtain product, wherein the heat-treating methods are as follows: by institute
Semi-finished product heating is stated, is warming up to 860 DEG C or more, pressure is then carried out and quenches, then sky after being warming up to 470 DEG C of -520 DEG C of heat preservations 2-4 hours
It is cold；The steel material is mild steel, and obtained process of semi-finished includes blanking, annealing and flow-forming step, wherein the blanking
Step is that mild steel plate is cutting into a concentric circles；The annealing steps are that the concentric circles plate is warming up to 850-
890 DEG C, 4-6 hours are kept the temperature, cools to 210 DEG C -260 DEG C with the furnace, then opened fire door and carry out air-cooled, hardness HB after guarantee annealing
< 160；The flow-forming step is that the plate after the annealing is carried out mould pressing, obtains semi-finished product.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein processing heat release hole in working position after machining.
3. method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that whole to the semi-finished product when being heated to the semi-finished product
Body carries out heating or to operating position part heating in medium frequency.
4. method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that pressure is when quenching, and quenches in pressure and carries out in tooling.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710111906.4A CN106834638B (en) | 2017-02-28 | 2017-02-28 | A kind of manufacturing method of steel brake drum |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710111906.4A CN106834638B (en) | 2017-02-28 | 2017-02-28 | A kind of manufacturing method of steel brake drum |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106834638A CN106834638A (en) | 2017-06-13 |
| CN106834638B true CN106834638B (en) | 2018-12-04 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710111906.4A Expired - Fee Related CN106834638B (en) | 2017-02-28 | 2017-02-28 | A kind of manufacturing method of steel brake drum |
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Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109592335A (en) * | 2019-01-09 | 2019-04-09 | 昆山世度机械科技有限公司 | A kind of belt conveyor line driving roller and its manufacture craft |
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| CN102322490A (en) * | 2011-06-20 | 2012-01-18 | 嘉兴四通车轮股份有限公司 | Manufacturing method of brake drum of duplex metal composite automobile |
| CN103131936A (en) * | 2013-01-29 | 2013-06-05 | 青岛金鼎机械有限公司 | Vehicle brake drum and manufacture craft thereof |
| CN103573874A (en) * | 2012-07-31 | 2014-02-12 | 嘉兴四通车轮股份有限公司 | Drum brake and manufacturing method for same |
| CN105583585A (en) * | 2016-03-10 | 2016-05-18 | 绵阳市联合传动科技有限公司 | Machining technology for low-carbon alloy steel drum brakes |
| CN105624570A (en) * | 2016-03-10 | 2016-06-01 | 绵阳市联合传动科技有限公司 | High-strength low-carbon alloy steel brake drum |
| CN106002123A (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2016-10-12 | 江苏福坛车桥科技有限公司 | Integrated molding method of brake drum |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5452795B2 (en) * | 2010-03-12 | 2014-03-26 | 豊生ブレーキ工業株式会社 | Manufacturing method of drum brake backing plate |
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2017
- 2017-02-28 CN CN201710111906.4A patent/CN106834638B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100613082B1 (en) * | 2004-12-01 | 2006-08-16 | 두산중공업 주식회사 | Manufacturing method for products desired erosion resistance using 17-Cr stainless steel |
| CN102322490A (en) * | 2011-06-20 | 2012-01-18 | 嘉兴四通车轮股份有限公司 | Manufacturing method of brake drum of duplex metal composite automobile |
| CN103573874A (en) * | 2012-07-31 | 2014-02-12 | 嘉兴四通车轮股份有限公司 | Drum brake and manufacturing method for same |
| CN103131936A (en) * | 2013-01-29 | 2013-06-05 | 青岛金鼎机械有限公司 | Vehicle brake drum and manufacture craft thereof |
| CN105583585A (en) * | 2016-03-10 | 2016-05-18 | 绵阳市联合传动科技有限公司 | Machining technology for low-carbon alloy steel drum brakes |
| CN105624570A (en) * | 2016-03-10 | 2016-06-01 | 绵阳市联合传动科技有限公司 | High-strength low-carbon alloy steel brake drum |
| CN106002123A (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2016-10-12 | 江苏福坛车桥科技有限公司 | Integrated molding method of brake drum |
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| CN106834638A (en) | 2017-06-13 |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20181204 |