CN109894473A - A kind of method that continuous casting billet directly forges production hot die steel - Google Patents
A kind of method that continuous casting billet directly forges production hot die steel Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides the methods that production hot die steel is directly forged using continuous casting billet.Specifically: end face soldering and sealing or built-up welding are carried out to sawing continuous casting billet, carry out homogenizing for the first time later: 3~6h of homogeneous at 1150~1320 DEG C；1050 DEG C or less are chilled to the continuous casting billet surface of first homogeneous and carries out unidirectional big pressure ratio deformation, second of 10~20h of homogeneous at 1150~1320 DEG C；Three-dimensional forging is carried out to the steel billet of second homogenate；The initial forging temperature of three-dimensional forging is at 1250 DEG C hereinafter, final forging temperature is at 800~950 DEG C；By crystal grain refinement, annealing, product is obtained.The present invention is by organically combining continuous casting billet specially treated, twice homogenization and forging twice, the defects of createing the dynamic conditions for being conducive to carbon and diffusion of alloy elements, thoroughly eliminating the loose stomata of continuity at continuous casting billet center decomposes Aliquation carbide and the banded structure as caused by dendritic segregation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to special steel production fields, and production high quality hot-work die is directly forged in particular to a kind of continuous casting billet
The process of steel.
Background technique
Now widely used hot die steel mainly homogenize-is forged using ingot casting or ESR ingot manufactured.
Continuous casting billet is due to the defects of its center continuity (penetrability) is loose, shrinkage cavity, conventional heating → forging → crystal grain refinement → annealing
Technique can not produce the flawless die steel material of flaw detection.And compare ingot casting and ESR ingot, liquation carbonization inside continuous casting billet
Object is smaller, tissue is relatively uniform, the high advantage at low cost of lumber recovery is not brought into play.Using the present invention using continuous casting billet as former material
Material, through the special pretreatment in continuous casting billet sawing section → homogenize in advance → special blocking → second homogenate → three-dimensional the works such as forges
Skill is able to produce out the hot die steel of high quality, low cost.
The hot die steel that conventional method is produced, toughness are unable to satisfy the technology increasingly changed with isotropism and want
It asks.Especially in terms of large-scale die casting, big section non-ferrous metal (aluminium alloy) extrusion and precision forging die, with equipment
Automation, intelligentized development, the working condition of mold increasingly deteriorate, and die life is not able to satisfy the market demand.Using even
Slab Aliquation carbide size is small, is distributed relatively uniform advantage, using particularly pre-process, homogenize, forging technology produces
High tenacity, high iso big section hot die steel out, manufacture high quality, the large-scale Forming Die of long-life as raw material
Tool be Hyundai Motor, electronic appliance, rail vehicle transportation industry development demand.
Hot die steel usually contains the alloying element that Cr, Mo, V etc. improve steel red hardness, generates in process of setting
Aliquation carbide and due to dendritic segregation occur banded structure, this phenomenon big section ingot casting, ESR ingot center especially
Seriously.Aliquation carbide and dendritic segregation make steel toughness and it is each substantially reduced to same tropism, research shows that: more than 3 μm
Every square millimeter of Aliquation carbide 2 are increased to from 1, the ductility of steel will reduce by about one time.As it can be seen that using this
The mold materials of tissue are not able to satisfy the requirement of the harsh operating environment such as die casting, extrusion and precision forging, and die life is very low, very
To generation mold entirety cracking phenomena.
The mould steel for successively researching and developing high tropism, high tenacity external domestic in the past 20 years is using homogenizing and about-sledge
Method, typical production process are as follows: electric arc furnaces (intermediate frequency furnace) → ladle refining → vacuum degassing → ingot casting → electroslag remelting → homogeneous
Change → forging → crystal grain refinement → full annealing.(thickness is more than this process section hot die steel big for ESR ingot
200 millimeters, diameter be more than 1000 millimeters of section) for, homogenize process will be in 1150~1320 DEG C of heat preservations for a long time (20
Hour), nevertheless, still can also be in the considerable Aliquation carbide of steel organization center position discovery and due to dendrite
It is segregated the banded structure generated.Production hot-work die steel forging material is directly forged using continuous casting billet using the present invention, makes full use of continuous casting billet
Rapid crystallization Aliquation carbide size is small, is distributed relatively uniform advantage, pre-processes, homogenizes through special continuous casting billet for 2 times, is special
Different forging technology eliminates continuous casting billet center continuity defects, production department's high tenacity, high iso hot die steel.
In view of this, the present invention is specifically proposed.
Summary of the invention
The first object of the present invention is to use continuous casting billet for raw material, provides a kind of high quality hot die steel low cost
Manufacturing technique method, the production method pre-processed by sawing continuous casting billet, the alternate treatment to homogenize with special forging,
Completely eliminate the continuous loose, shrinkage cavity at continuous casting billet center and the Aliquation carbide in steel billet and since dendritic segregation is produced
Raw banded structure obtains high tenacity, high ductibility, high iso hot die steel.
The second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of high tenacity, high tropism hot die steel, the hot-work die
Steel have many advantages, such as toughness is high, ductility is high, etc. tropisms it is high, at the same time, since continuous casting billet lumber recovery is high, at low cost, thus
So that the present invention reduces cost while obtaining high quality hot die steel.
In order to realize above-mentioned purpose of the invention, spy uses following process technology scheme:
A kind of continuous casting billet directly forges the process of production hot die steel, including the following steps:
Step A, end face soldering and sealing (built-up welding) is carried out to sawing continuous casting billet using following methods, built-up welding range is the center portion in section
At least half of covering continuous casting billet diameter, at least 3 millimeters of overlay cladding thickness.It is placed in heating furnace and carries out initial homogenization: continuous casting
3~6h of vacuum after base center reaches 1150~1320 DEG C；
Step B, the continuous casting billet that 1150~1320 DEG C or more are taken out out of furnace is subjected to surface cooling.When continuous casting billet surface temperature
Degree is when being rapidly reduced to 950~1050 DEG C, when central temperature is preferably at 1050 DEG C or more, carries out immediately unidirectional in diametrical direction
Blocking is compared in big pressure.Single pass pressure ratio: >=10%；Compare under stagnation pressure: >=30%；
Step C, diametrical direction, which is unidirectionally depressed greatly, is placed in heating furnace that carry out second of high temperature equal than the steel billet after blocking
Matterization processing.Equal 10~the 20hr of vacuum of constant temperature after continuous casting billet center reaches 1150~1320 DEG C；
Step D, reach after subscribing soaking time, reduce furnace temperature to 1100~1250 DEG C, heat preservation 4 hours or more, start three
To forging；
Step E, such as same fire cannot complete three-dimensional forging, continue to forge after heat penetration is reheated at 1150~1250 DEG C
It makes, until completing the fully deformed in three directions.Final forging temperature is controlled at 950 DEG C or less；
Step F: crystal grain refinement, annealing are carried out to the steel billet of the secondary forging, obtain product.
Aforementioned production method can thoroughly eliminate the loose center continuity in continuous casting billet, shrinkage cavity, Aliquation carbide and
The banded structure as caused by dendritic segregation, to the hot-work dies performance such as improve the toughness of steel, ductility and wait tropisms.Its
Eliminating principle is:
First against the shrinkage cavity of continuous casting billet center portion length direction continuity, loose, the heating high temperature homogenization process after sawing
In cause center portion shrinkage cavity, the loose surface to reoxidize, to hinder the forging and stamping soldering of these defects.It is right before entering stove heating
Sawing end face carries out closure built-up welding.Overlay cladding is with a thickness of 3~6 millimeters, during preventing high temperature homogenization, air by it is loose into
Enter inside continuous casting billet.It is cooling to connect after first time high temperature homogenization, continuous casting billet center portion reach assigned temperature and held for some time
Casting blank surface temperature is down to 980 DEG C, in the case that center portion temperature is still within high temperature (1050 DEG C or more), in diameter or section side
To the unidirectional big pressure of progress than forging.Purpose is transmitting stress big using surface low-temperature resistance of deformation, effective to centre, will
The small center portion of the high resistance of deformation of high temperature generates violent center portion deformation under conditions of big pressure ratio so that internal rarefaction and
Shrinkage cavity compacting.In second subsequent of long-time Homogenization, alloy can be unfolded in the loose and shrinkage cavity of mechanical press
Element is mutually sufficiently spread.On the other hand, homogenize for the first time be utilized carbon and alloying element with it is larger existing for surrounding
Concentration gradient, it is at a high temperature of homogenizing for the first time that bulky grain chain-like carbide, large dendritic crystal segregation is rapid
It diffuses in biggish region, that is, carries out unstable diffusion.According to Fick's second law, with the extension diffusion flux of diffusion time
It reduces rapidly, at this time by the forging of unidirectional big pressure diameter group or cross-wise direction, uniform liquation carbonization will be spread not yet
Object, selective crystallization dendritic segregation region mechanically redistribute (carbide is crushed) by rheological deformation, establish new
Diffusion concentration field with larger gradient, and increase diffusion area, shorten the diffusion length of carbon and alloying element.Newly-established
It is homogenized for a long time for the second time under the driving of concentration field, spreads carbon and alloying element more adequately, realized completely
Matter.The surface metal of mechanical press is realized in loose and shrinkage cavity after compacting in second of prolonged Homogenization
The proliferation welding of element, and thoroughly eliminate Aliquation carbide and the banded structure as caused by dendritic segregation.Finally repeatedly
Direction forging, crystal grain refinement, annealing, obtain final product.
In above procedure, the temperature of each step process, the time for whether can soldering is loose, shrinkage cavity, eliminate liquation carbon
Compound and the banded structure as caused by dendritic segregation are most important.For example, in step A and C, end face built-up welding thickness with
Whether surfacing quality is directly related to can thoroughly block the oxygen in air to enter inside continuous casting billet；If Homogenization temperature
Lower than lower limit, then homogenizing effect is very poor, may cause intergranular fusing higher than the upper limit；Unidirectional big surface of the pressure than forging and the heart
Portion is too high or too low for temperature or the time it is insufficient all can not soldering heart defect, form sufficiently large concentration field；Three-dimensional forging
Temperature is likely to cause cracking lower than lower limit, is easy to produce coarse grains higher than the upper limit.
It can be seen that aforementioned production method effectively soldering and sealing continuous casting billet section, the friendship forged by twice homogenization and twice
For processing, the two is organically combined, creates and is conducive to loose and shrinkage cavity soldering, carbon and diffusion of alloy elements dynamics item
Part, completely eliminate loose continuity in continuous casting billet, shrinkage cavity, Aliquation carbide and as caused by dendritic segregation it is band-like
Tissue, with the prior art comparable time that homogenizes in obtain toughness, ductility, etc. the higher hot die steel of tropisms.
The production method can be used for making various types of hot die steels, for example, H13 (4Cr5MoSiV1), H11 (4Cr5MoSiV),
1.2714 (5CrNiMo) and novel Diever class (4Cr5Mo2V) etc..
Preferably, during the soldering and sealing of sawing continuous casting billet end face, at least to reach the entire internal circular surfaces of 1/2R, soldering and sealing layer is extremely
3 millimeters or more, such as 3-6 millimeters are required less, and soldering and sealing layer is without any crackle or micro-flaw.It is carried out after soldering at tempering destressing
Reason, or it is to slowly warm up to homogenization temperature with furnace, heating rate is no more than 80 DEG C/h.Homogenization temperature: 1150~1320
℃；Homogenize the time: center portion reaches after homogenization temperature 3~6 hours.
Preferably, unidirectionally pressure needs to be cooled to surface temperature 950 on surface than forging greatly for the diameter or cross-wise direction
~1050 DEG C, center portion temperature is in high temperature (1050 DEG C) and carries out immediately above.Single pass depresses ratio: > 10%；Compare under stagnation pressure: >
30%.
Preferably, second of homogeneous turns to abundant diffusion process for a long time.Homogenization temperature: 1150~1320 DEG C；
Homogenize constant temperature time: after steel billet center portion reaches homogenization temperature: 10~20 hours.
Preferably, the starting forging temperature after homogenizing for the second time is 1100~1250 DEG C.Three-dimensional forging in the following order into
Row: steel ingot upsetting pull → Z-direction jumping-up → X-direction pulls out upsetting → Y-direction and pulls out upsetting → Z-direction pulling (Fig. 2).
Preferably, in three-dimensional forging process, the number reheated is reduced to the greatest extent, with energy saving.
Preferably, in homogeneous and forging process, guarantee that the center of steel billet reaches default when heating and when Repeat-heating
Temperature, to guarantee that each region can abundant homogeneous or plastic deformation.
Preferably, the method for the crystal grain refinement are as follows:
After sand pit is cooled to billet surface temperature lower than 600 DEG C, 30~90 DEG C of austenitizing temperature or more are again heated to,
30 minutes are kept the temperature at a temperature of this, then is cooled to 200 DEG C or less with 20 DEG C/min or more of speed.
Preferably, in the step B into E, the upsetting pull deformation rate in each direction 10% or more, preferably 30% with
On, so that so that center deformation amount reaches requirement.Make the forging result of steel billet each section more evenly, more preferable 20~60%.
Preferably, in the step B into E, in three-dimensional forging, in addition to finishing passage, reduction ratio per pass exists
10% or more, preferably 15% or more.Equally, the reduction ratio being strict with per pass reaches also for guarantee center deformation amount
It is required that keeping the forging result of steel billet each section uniform.
Preferably, the duration that homogenizes for the second time is at least the first time and homogenizes 3 times, preferably 4 times of duration
More than, guarantee have it is enough homogenize the time, achieve the purpose that perfectly homogenous, to thoroughly eliminate loose, shrinkage cavity, sufficiently decompose
Carbide is simultaneously sufficiently spread.
Preferably, the method for the crystal grain refinement is further are as follows:
Sand pit is cooled to billet surface temperature lower than 650 DEG C hereinafter, being again heated to 30~90 DEG C of austenitizing temperature or more
(950-1050 DEG C) keeps the temperature 20~50 minutes at this temperature (preferably keeping the temperature 30 minutes), then with 20 DEG C/min or more of speed
100 DEG C are cooled to hereinafter, being preferably cooled to 50~150 DEG C.After the above crystal fining method, equiax crystal in the steel billet of acquisition
More evenly, tiny.
Preferably, the method for the annealing are as follows: spheroidizing to material hardness≤220HB is hereinafter, obtain in iron element
Equally distributed spherical or granular carbide on body matrix.
Preferably, the final forging temperature of the three-dimensional forging is at 800 DEG C or more, to reduce the probability for cracking phenomena occur.
A kind of continuous casting billet directly forges production high quality hot die steel, is made using process described above method.
With it is described above, the hot die steel have many advantages, such as toughness is high, ductility is high, etc. tropisms it is high.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the benefit that
(1) hot-work die steel continuous casting billet has production cost low, the high feature of lumber recovery.Due to continuous casting billet crystallization rate
Fastly, the Aliquation carbide particle of formation is small, and distribution is relatively uniform, and it is thin that same cause causes continuous casting billet center portion to be easy to produce continuity
Pine, continuous coherence wear shrinkage cavity.If handled by special sawing continuous casting billet surface soldering and sealing, surface cooling and unidirectional big pressure ratio
Forging, the improvement for the technical process such as homogenize again.On the one hand loose and shrinkage cavity is eliminated, on the other hand makes metallic element abundant
Diffusion, thoroughly eliminates microstructure segregation, it will be able on the basis of compared with low production cost, toughness, high iso Forming Die be made
Has steel.
(2) center portion continuity is loose and the cold conditions continuous casting billet of shrinkage cavity is after sawing truncation, and the loose and shrinkage cavity on surface, having can
The conveyance conduit of air (oxygen) can be become in Forge Heating.Enter and carries out built-up welding closure, built-up welding in sawing end face before stove heating
Material can be common low carbon welding rod or stainless steel electrode, and blocking overlay cladding is 2~6 millimeters, so that continuous casting billet is equal for the first time
Internal rarefaction is not aoxidized with shrinkage cavity inner surface during matter.
(3) heating furnace takes out the continuous casting billet in high temperature and is placed on forging pillow, surface chilling.When surface temperature reaches 900
At~1050 DEG C, unidirectional big pressure is carried out immediately than forging in cross-wise direction.Single pass depresses ratio: > 10%；Compare under stagnation pressure: >
30%.Purpose be compacted continuous casting billet centre continuity is loose and shrinkage cavity.
(4) cross-wise direction carry out unidirectional big pressure be placed in heating furnace again than the steel billet after forging carry out second it is equal
Matter.The temperature to homogenize for the second time is 1150~1320 DEG C；Homogenize the time be center portion reach temperature after constant temperature 10~20 it is small
When.
(5) by twice homogenization and the alternate treatment forged twice, the two is organically combined, creates and is conducive to carbon and gold
Belong to elements diffusion dynamic conditions, be conducive to the fusion at soldering position and completely eliminate the Aliquation carbide in steel billet and
The banded structure as caused by dendritic segregation, with the prior art comparable time that homogenizes in obtain toughness, ductility,
Etc. the higher hot die steel of tropisms.
(6) optimize homogenize, forging sequence, the deformation rate, pressure per pass of unidirectional big pressure ratio and three-dimensional forging
Lower rate keeps hot die steel each section liver mass obtained higher, the uniform quality in each region.
(7) it is poor to optimize twice homogenization duration, thoroughly to eliminate carbide and segregation phenomena.
(8) homogeneous forging method of the invention, optimization and this adaptable crystal grain refinement and annealing conditions are directed to.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow chart that unidirectional big pressure ratio is just forged in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is that three-dimensional forges flow chart in the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment, but those skilled in the art will
Understand, the following example is merely to illustrate the present invention, and is not construed as limiting the scope of the invention.It is not specified in embodiment specific
Condition person carries out according to conventional conditions or manufacturer's recommended conditions.Reagents or instruments used without specified manufacturer is
The conventional products that can be obtained by commercially available purchase.
Embodiment 1
A kind of continuous casting billet directly forges the process of production high quality hot die steel:
Step 1: annealed 500 millimeters of continuous casting billet φ (steel grade style number is H13 (4Cr5MoSiV1)), sawing interception
Length is 1200 millimeters (length/diameter < 2~3).
Step 2: the built-up welding of two sawing end faces of continuous casting billet blocks, in section center portion built-up welding range at least continuous casting billet diameter
Half, i.e., in 250 millimeters of radius of section φ, at least 3 millimeters of overlay cladding thickness.Continuous casting billet after soldering and sealing is in 450-600
DEG C carry out center portion to temperature after 2 hours destressing handle.Solder wire material is mild steel or austenitic stainless steel, and built-up welding mode can be
Arc welding, argon arc welding, laser melting coating of straight iron powder etc..
Step 3: treated that continuous casting billet is placed in heating furnace is heated to 1200 DEG C for soldering and sealing destressing, center reaches setting
4 hours are kept the temperature after temperature, completes first time homogeneous.
Step 4: the continuous casting billet after homogenizing for the first time, rapid transport is clamped to forging press operation, with the side to spray water with high pressure
Method chilling billet surface, while measuring surface temperature.When surface temperature reaches 950 DEG C, start the unidirectional big pressure of cross-wise direction
Than forging, Fig. 1 is seen.Single pass depresses ratio: > 10%；Compare under stagnation pressure: > 30%.
Step 5: the bloom slab after unidirectional forging is replaced in heating furnace, homogenized for the second time, homogenize temperature
Degree: 1200 DEG C；It homogenizes the time: being constant temperature 10 hours after center portion to temperature, realize perfectly homogenousization.
Step 6: the steel billet after perfectly homogenousization, slow cooling starts the forging of three directions, stream to after 1150 DEG C, constant temperature 4 hours
Journey is as shown in Fig. 2, minimum 800 DEG C of final forging temperature, 950 DEG C of highest, obtains the size of client's needs.
Step 5: the steel obtained after the above-mentioned forging technology process that homogenizes, it is low that sand pit is cooled to billet surface temperature
After 500 DEG C, it is placed in heating furnace and is heated to 30 DEG C of austenitizing temperature or more, center portion keeps the temperature 20 points after reaching assigned temperature
Clock is forced to be cooled to 250 DEG C or less with cooling rate >=20 DEG C/min.Immediately carry out spheroidizing to material hardness≤
220HB or less.
Embodiment 2
Step 1: annealed 650 millimeters of continuous casting billet φ (steel grade style number is H13 (4Cr5MoSiV1)), sawing interception
Length is 1600 millimeters (length/diameter < 2~3).
Step 2: the built-up welding of two sawing end faces of continuous casting billet blocks, in section center portion built-up welding range at least continuous casting billet diameter
Half, i.e., in 325 millimeters of radius of section φ, at least 1 millimeter of overlay cladding thickness.Continuous casting billet after soldering and sealing is in 550-750
DEG C carry out center portion to temperature after 2 hours destressing handle.Solder wire material is mild steel or austenitic stainless steel, and built-up welding mode can be
Arc welding, argon arc welding, laser melting coating of straight iron powder etc..
Step 3: treated that continuous casting billet is placed in heating furnace is heated to 1200 DEG C for soldering and sealing destressing, center reaches setting
6 hours are kept the temperature after temperature, completes first time homogeneous.
Step 4: the continuous casting billet after homogenizing for the first time, rapid transport is clamped to forging press operation, with the side to spray water with high pressure
Method chilling billet surface, while measuring surface temperature.When surface temperature reaches 950 DEG C, start the unidirectional big pressure of cross-wise direction
Than forging, Fig. 1 is seen.Single pass depresses ratio: > 10%；Compare under stagnation pressure: > 30%.
Step 5: the bloom slab after unidirectional forging is replaced in heating furnace, homogenized for the second time, homogenize temperature
Degree: 1200 DEG C；It homogenizes the time: being constant temperature 20 hours after center portion to temperature, realize perfectly homogenousization.
Step 6: the steel billet after perfectly homogenousization, slow cooling starts the forging of three directions, stream to after 1200 DEG C, constant temperature 4 hours
Journey is as shown in Fig. 2, minimum 800 DEG C of final forging temperature, 950 DEG C of highest, obtains the size of client's needs.
Step 5: the steel obtained after the above-mentioned forging technology process that homogenizes, it is low that sand pit is cooled to billet surface temperature
After 600 DEG C, it is placed in heating furnace and is heated to 30 DEG C of austenitizing temperature or more, center portion keeps the temperature 20 points after reaching assigned temperature
Clock is forced to be cooled to 200 DEG C or less with cooling rate >=20 DEG C/min.Immediately carry out spheroidizing to material hardness≤
220HB or less.
Embodiment 3
A kind of continuous casting billet directly forges the process of production high quality hot die steel:
Step 1: annealed 390 millimeters of continuous casting billet φ (steel grade style number is H13 (4Cr5MoSiV1)), sawing interception
Length is 1000 millimeters (length/diameter < 2~3).
Step 2: the built-up welding of two sawing end faces of continuous casting billet blocks, in section center portion built-up welding range at least continuous casting billet diameter
Half, i.e., in 185 millimeters of radius of section φ, at least 3 millimeters of overlay cladding thickness.Continuous casting billet after soldering and sealing is 550~750
DEG C carry out center portion to temperature after 2 hours destressing handle.Solder wire material is mild steel or austenitic stainless steel, and built-up welding mode can be
Arc welding, argon arc welding, laser melting coating of straight iron powder etc..
Step 3: treated that continuous casting billet is placed in heating furnace is heated to 1200 DEG C for soldering and sealing destressing, center reaches setting
3 hours are kept the temperature after temperature, completes first time homogeneous.
Step 4: the continuous casting billet after homogenizing for the first time, rapid transport is clamped to forging press operation, with the side to spray water with high pressure
Method chilling billet surface, while measuring surface temperature.When surface temperature reaches 950 DEG C, start the unidirectional big pressure of cross-wise direction
Than forging, Fig. 1 is seen.Single pass depresses ratio: > 10%；Compare under stagnation pressure: > 30%.
Step 5: the bloom slab after unidirectional forging is replaced in heating furnace, homogenized for the second time, homogenize temperature
Degree: 1200 DEG C；It homogenizes the time: being constant temperature 12 hours after center portion to temperature, realize perfectly homogenousization.
Step 6: the steel billet after perfectly homogenousization, slow cooling starts the forging of three directions, stream to after 1150 DEG C, constant temperature 4 hours
Journey is as shown in Fig. 2, minimum 800 DEG C of final forging temperature, 950 DEG C of highest, obtains the size of client's needs.
Step 5: the steel obtained after the above-mentioned forging technology process that homogenizes, it is low that sand pit is cooled to billet surface temperature
After 600 DEG C, it is placed in heating furnace and is heated to 30 DEG C of austenitizing temperature or more, center portion keeps the temperature 20 points after reaching assigned temperature
Clock is forced to be cooled to 200 DEG C or less with cooling rate >=20 DEG C/min.Immediately carry out spheroidizing to material hardness≤
220HB or less.
Embodiment 4
A kind of continuous casting billet directly forges the process of production high quality hot die steel:
Step 1: annealed 385X425 millimeters of continuous casting billet (steel grade style number is H13 (4Cr5MoSiV1)), sawing is cut
Taking length is 1000 millimeters (length/diameter < 2~3).
Step 2: the built-up welding of two sawing end faces of continuous casting billet blocks, in section center portion built-up welding range at least continuous casting billet section
The area at center 50%, i.e. in kernel of section 200X220 millimeters of ranges, at least 3 millimeters of overlay cladding thickness.Continuous casting billet after soldering and sealing
The destressing processing in 2 hours after 550-750 DEG C of progress center portion to temperature.Solder wire material is mild steel or austenitic stainless steel, heap
Weldering mode can be arc welding, argon arc welding, laser melting coating of straight iron powder etc..
Step 3: treated that continuous casting billet is placed in heating furnace is heated to 1200 DEG C for soldering and sealing destressing, center reaches setting
5 hours are kept the temperature after temperature, completes first time homogeneous.
Step 4: the continuous casting billet after homogenizing for the first time, rapid transport is clamped to forging press operation, with the side to spray water with high pressure
Method chilling billet surface, while measuring surface temperature.When surface temperature reaches 950 DEG C, starting cross-wise direction, (preferably 425 in the least
The direction of rice) unidirectional big pressure than forging, see Fig. 1.Single pass depresses ratio: > 10%；Compare under stagnation pressure: > 30%.
Step 5: the bloom slab after unidirectional forging is replaced in heating furnace, homogenized for the second time, homogenize temperature
Degree: 1200 DEG C；It homogenizes the time: being constant temperature 15 hours after center portion to temperature, realize perfectly homogenousization.
Step 6: the steel billet after perfectly homogenousization, slow cooling starts the forging of three directions, stream to after 1150 DEG C, constant temperature 4 hours
Journey is as shown in Fig. 2, minimum 800 DEG C of final forging temperature, 950 DEG C of highest, obtains the size of client's needs.
Step 5: the steel obtained after the above-mentioned forging technology process that homogenizes, it is low that sand pit is cooled to billet surface temperature
After 600 DEG C, it is placed in heating furnace and is heated to 30 DEG C of austenitizing temperature or more, center portion keeps the temperature 20 points after reaching assigned temperature
Clock is forced to be cooled to 200 DEG C or less with cooling rate >=20 DEG C/min.Immediately carry out spheroidizing to material hardness≤
220HB or less.
Embodiment 5
A kind of continuous casting billet directly forges the process of production high quality hot die steel:
Step 1: annealed 500 millimeters of continuous casting billet φ (steel grade style number is H418 (4Cr5Mo2V)), sawing interception length
Degree is 1200 millimeters (length/diameter < 2~3).
Step 2: the built-up welding of two sawing end faces of continuous casting billet blocks, in section center portion built-up welding range at least continuous casting billet diameter
Half, i.e., in 250 millimeters of radius of section φ, at least 3 millimeters of overlay cladding thickness.Continuous casting billet after soldering and sealing is in 550-750
DEG C carry out center portion to temperature after 2 hours destressing handle.Solder wire material is mild steel or austenitic stainless steel, and built-up welding mode can be
Arc welding, argon arc welding, laser melting coating of straight iron powder etc..
Step 3: treated that continuous casting billet is placed in heating furnace is heated to 1200 DEG C for soldering and sealing destressing, center reaches setting
6 hours are kept the temperature after temperature, completes first time homogeneous.
Step 4: the continuous casting billet after homogenizing for the first time, rapid transport is clamped to forging press operation, with the side to spray water with high pressure
Method chilling billet surface, while measuring surface temperature.When surface temperature reaches 950 DEG C, start the unidirectional big pressure of cross-wise direction
Than forging, Fig. 1 is seen.Single pass depresses ratio: > 10%；Compare under stagnation pressure: > 30%.
Step 5: the bloom slab after unidirectional forging is replaced in heating furnace, homogenized for the second time, homogenize temperature
Degree: 1200 DEG C；It homogenizes the time: being constant temperature 20 hours after center portion to temperature, realize perfectly homogenousization.
Step 6: the steel billet after perfectly homogenousization, slow cooling starts the forging of three directions, stream to after 1150 DEG C, constant temperature 4 hours
Journey is as shown in Fig. 2, minimum 800 DEG C of final forging temperature, 950 DEG C of highest, obtains the size of client's needs.
Step 5: the steel obtained after the above-mentioned forging technology process that homogenizes, it is low that sand pit is cooled to billet surface temperature
After 600 DEG C, it is placed in heating furnace and is heated to 30 DEG C of austenitizing temperature or more, center portion keeps the temperature 20 points after reaching assigned temperature
Clock is forced to be cooled to 200 DEG C or less with cooling rate >=20 DEG C/min.Immediately carry out spheroidizing to material hardness≤
220HB or less.
Embodiment 6
A kind of continuous casting billet directly forges the process of production high quality hot die steel:
Step 1: annealed 500 millimeters of continuous casting billet φ (steel grade style number is H11 (4Cr5MoSiV)), sawing interception length
Degree is 1200 millimeters (length/diameter < 2~3).
Step 2: the built-up welding of two sawing end faces of continuous casting billet blocks, in section center portion built-up welding range at least continuous casting billet diameter
Half, i.e., in 250 millimeters of radius of section φ, at least 3 millimeters of overlay cladding thickness.Continuous casting billet after soldering and sealing is in 550-750
DEG C carry out center portion to temperature after 2 hours destressing handle.Solder wire material is mild steel or austenitic stainless steel, and built-up welding mode can be
Arc welding, argon arc welding, laser melting coating of straight iron powder etc..
Step 3: treated that continuous casting billet is placed in heating furnace is heated to 1150 DEG C for soldering and sealing destressing, center reaches setting
4 hours are kept the temperature after temperature, completes to homogenize for the first time.
Step 4: the continuous casting billet after homogenizing for the first time, rapid transport is clamped to forging press operation, with the side to spray water with high pressure
Method chilling billet surface, while measuring surface temperature.When surface temperature reaches 950 DEG C, start the unidirectional big pressure of cross-wise direction
Than forging, Fig. 1 is seen.Single pass depresses ratio: > 10%；Compare under stagnation pressure: > 30%.
Step 5: the bloom slab after unidirectional forging is replaced in heating furnace, homogenized for the second time, homogenize temperature
Degree: 1150 DEG C；It homogenizes the time: being constant temperature 12 hours after center portion to temperature, realize perfectly homogenousization.
Step 6: the steel billet after perfectly homogenousization, slow cooling starts the forging of three directions, stream to after 1150 DEG C, constant temperature 4 hours
Journey is as shown in Fig. 2, minimum 800 DEG C of final forging temperature, 950 DEG C of highest, obtains the size of client's needs.
Step 5: the steel obtained after the above-mentioned forging technology process that homogenizes, it is low that sand pit is cooled to billet surface temperature
After 600 DEG C, it is placed in heating furnace and is heated to 30 DEG C of austenitizing temperature or more, center portion keeps the temperature 20 points after reaching assigned temperature
Clock is forced to be cooled to 200 DEG C or less with cooling rate >=20 DEG C/min.Immediately carry out spheroidizing to material hardness≤
220HB or less.
Embodiment 7
A kind of continuous casting billet directly forges the process of production high quality hot die steel:
Step 1: (steel grade style number is 1.2714 (5CrNiMoV), sawing interception to 500 millimeters annealed of continuous casting billet φ
Length is 1200 millimeters (length/diameter < 2~3).
Step 2: the built-up welding of two sawing end faces of continuous casting billet blocks, in section center portion built-up welding range at least continuous casting billet diameter
Half, i.e., in 250 millimeters of radius of section φ, at least 3 millimeters of overlay cladding thickness.Continuous casting billet after soldering and sealing is in 550-750
DEG C carry out center portion to temperature after 2 hours destressing handle.Solder wire material is mild steel or austenitic stainless steel, and built-up welding mode can be
Arc welding, argon arc welding, laser melting coating of straight iron powder etc..
Step 3: treated that continuous casting billet is placed in heating furnace is heated to 1200 DEG C for soldering and sealing destressing, center reaches setting
4 hours are kept the temperature after temperature, completes first time homogeneous.
Step 4: the continuous casting billet after homogenizing for the first time, rapid transport is clamped to forging press operation, with the side to spray water with high pressure
Method chilling billet surface, while measuring surface temperature.When surface temperature reaches 950 DEG C, start the unidirectional big pressure of cross-wise direction
Than forging, Fig. 1 is seen.Single pass depresses ratio: > 10%；Compare under stagnation pressure: > 30%.
Step 5: the bloom slab after unidirectional forging is replaced in heating furnace, homogenized for the second time, homogenize temperature
Degree: 1150 DEG C；It homogenizes the time: being constant temperature 12 hours after center portion to temperature, realize perfectly homogenousization.
Step 6: the steel billet after perfectly homogenousization, slow cooling starts the forging of three directions, stream to after 1100 DEG C, constant temperature 4 hours
Journey is as shown in Fig. 2, minimum 800 DEG C of final forging temperature, 950 DEG C of highest, obtains the size of client's needs.
Step 5: the steel obtained after the above-mentioned forging technology process that homogenizes, it is low that sand pit is cooled to billet surface temperature
After 600 DEG C, it is placed in heating furnace and is heated to 30 DEG C of austenitizing temperature or more, center portion keeps the temperature 20 points after reaching assigned temperature
Clock is forced to be cooled to 200 DEG C or less with cooling rate >=20 DEG C/min.Immediately carry out spheroidizing to material hardness≤
220HB or less.
Although illustrate and describing the present invention with specific embodiment, it will be appreciated that without departing substantially from of the invention
Many other change and modification can be made in the case where spirit and scope.It is, therefore, intended that including in the claims
Belong to all such changes and modifications in the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of method for directly forging production hot die steel using continuous casting billet, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
Step A, end face soldering and sealing or built-up welding are carried out to sawing continuous casting billet, carries out initial homogenization in merging heating furnace: in continuous casting billet
3~6h of vacuum after the heart reaches 1150~1320 DEG C；
Step B, take out out of furnace 1150 DEG C or more of continuous casting billet is subjected to surface cooling；When continuous casting billet skin temperature drops rapidly
When down to 950~1050 DEG C, when central temperature is in 1050 DEG C or more, unidirectional big pressure is carried out in diametrical direction immediately than pre-
Forging, single pass pressure ratio: >=10%；Compare under stagnation pressure: >=30%；
Step C, the steel billet after blocking, which is placed in heating furnace, carries out second of high temperature homogenization processing；Continuous casting billet center reaches 1150
Equal 10~the 20hr of vacuum of constant temperature after~1320 DEG C；
Step D, reach after subscribing soaking time, reduce furnace temperature to 1100~1250 DEG C, heat preservation 4 hours or more, start three-dimensional forging
It makes；
Step E, such as same fire cannot complete three-dimensional forging, continue to forge after heat penetration is reheated at 1100~1250 DEG C, directly
To the fully deformed for completing three directions；Final forging temperature is controlled at 800 DEG C or more, 950 DEG C or less；
Step F: crystal grain refinement, annealing are carried out to the steel billet of the secondary forging, obtain product.
2. the method according to claim 1 for directly forging production hot die steel using continuous casting billet, which is characterized in that second
Time that homogenizes is to homogenize for the first time 3~5 times of the time.
3. the method according to claim 1 for directly forging production hot die steel using continuous casting billet, which is characterized in that blocking
(first time) forging be the continuous casting billet surface that will be taken out out of homogenize furnace be cooled to surface temperature be 1100 DEG C when immediately begin to
Forging.
4. the method according to claim 1 for directly forging production hot die steel using continuous casting billet, which is characterized in that described
In step B, unidirectional big pressure is carried out than forging in diametrical direction (cross-wise direction), single pass depresses ratio: > 10%；Under stagnation pressure
Than: > 30%.
5. the method according to claim 1 for directly forging production hot die steel using continuous casting billet, which is characterized in that described
In step C, the temperature range to homogenize for the second time is 1150~1320 DEG C, and 10~20 is small after constant temperature time requires center portion to grill thoroughly
When.
6. a kind of heat for the method production for directly forging production hot die steel described in one of -5 using continuous casting billet according to claim 1
Make mould steel.
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| CN110512061A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2019-11-29 | 江阴华润制钢有限公司 | A kind of continuous casting billet directly forges the process of production mould steel |
| CN110656227A (en) * | 2019-10-10 | 2020-01-07 | 内蒙古北方重工业集团有限公司 | Hot working method for improving impact toughness of high-strength steel |
| CN110863140A (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2020-03-06 | 北京科技大学 | Low-alloy ultrahigh-strength structural steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN112845609A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-05-28 | 联峰钢铁（张家港）有限公司 | Controlled rolling method for improving micro-pores on bearing steel core part |
| CN113000758A (en) * | 2021-03-15 | 2021-06-22 | 大冶特殊钢有限公司 | Square steel forging method |
| CN114210893A (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2022-03-22 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Method for manufacturing large-diameter stainless steel round pipe blank |
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| CN110512061A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2019-11-29 | 江阴华润制钢有限公司 | A kind of continuous casting billet directly forges the process of production mould steel |
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| CN113000758A (en) * | 2021-03-15 | 2021-06-22 | 大冶特殊钢有限公司 | Square steel forging method |
| CN113000758B (en) * | 2021-03-15 | 2023-01-17 | 大冶特殊钢有限公司 | Square steel forging method |
| CN114210893A (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2022-03-22 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Method for manufacturing large-diameter stainless steel round pipe blank |
| CN114210893B (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2023-07-14 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Manufacturing method of large-diameter stainless steel round tube blank |
| CN115141911A (en) * | 2022-07-05 | 2022-10-04 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Method for improving or eliminating alloy segregation and coarse precipitated phase and alloy |
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