CN111270061A - Preparation method of 8407 hot-working die-casting die steel - Google Patents
Preparation method of 8407 hot-working die-casting die steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN111270061A CN111270061A CN202010091837.7A CN202010091837A CN111270061A CN 111270061 A CN111270061 A CN 111270061A CN 202010091837 A CN202010091837 A CN 202010091837A CN 111270061 A CN111270061 A CN 111270061A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
- B22D17/22—Dies; Die plates; Die supports; Cooling equipment for dies; Accessories for loosening and ejecting castings from dies
- B22D17/2209—Selection of die materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
- C21D1/32—Soft annealing, e.g. spheroidising
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/20—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/24—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of 8407 die-casting die steel, which relates to the technical field of die steel preparation and solves the technical problem that the 8407 die steel does not have homodromous metal fibers, and the preparation method of the 8407 die-casting die steel comprises S1 smelting, S2 forging, S3, softening annealing, quenching and twice tempering of an S4 sample, and detecting impact energy of the S5 sample. The method can be used for preparing 8407 die-casting die steel, so that the impact energy is more than or equal to 170J when the 8407 die steel HRC46 has hardness.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of die steel preparation, in particular to a preparation method of 8407 die-casting die steel.
Background
8407 is Swedish die steel, similar to China's 4Cr5MoSiV1, and is commonly used in the field of die casting dies because of its excellent wear resistance, corrosion resistance, toughness, thermal fatigue resistance, etc. 8407 the die steel has high purity and fine structure, which is obtained by special steel making technology and strict quality control, and the isotropy (isotropy) of 8407 is better than that of H13 which is generally prepared by traditional refining. The method has higher value on the mechanical fatigue resistance and the thermal stress fatigue resistance of the die, such as a die-casting die, a forging die, an extrusion die and the like. Thus, the hardness of the mold using 8407 can be increased by 1-2 HRC over conventional H13 without sacrificing toughness. The hardness is high, so that the occurrence of thermal cracking can be slowed down, and the service life of the die is prolonged.
But there are problems in that: how to obtain fine-grained steel ingots with few inclusions through smelting and how to obtain homodromous metal fibers can ensure that the impact energy is more than or equal to 170J when the hardness of the 8407 die steel HRC46 is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of 8407 die-casting die steel, which comprises the steps of smelting the 8407 die-casting die steel in sequence to obtain a fine-grained electroslag ingot, forging the electroslag ingot along the original drawing and upsetting directions to obtain metal fiber isotropy, homogenizing the ingot after drawing and deformation, then performing upsetting drawing, softening annealing, sample quenching and tempering, and sample detection on impact power to produce the 8407 die-casting die steel with the metal fiber isotropy and the impact power more than 170J. The technical effects that can be produced by the preferred technical scheme in the technical schemes provided by the invention are described in detail in the following.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a preparation method of 8407 die-casting die steel, which comprises the steps of sequentially smelting, forging, softening and annealing, sample quenching and twice tempering, and sample detection impact energy on the 8407 die-casting die steel; the method comprises the following steps:
s1 smelting: and obtaining the electroslag ingot with fine grains by adopting a smelting mode of EF + LF + VD + die casting + ESR. After the electroslag ingot is slowly cooled in a slow cooling cover to be close to the room temperature, the electroslag ingot is put into an annealing furnace to be completely annealed at a heat preservation temperature T1 and a heat preservation temperature T2;
s2 forging: : discharging the completely annealed 8407 electroslag ingot, cooling to be close to room temperature, sawing a bottom pad, loading into a forging heating furnace, heating, preserving heat, discharging from the furnace for first fire forging, homogenizing after completion, and upsetting and drawing;
s3 softening and annealing: firstly, preserving heat in a furnace at a heat preservation temperature T5, then preserving heat by raising the temperature to a heat preservation temperature T6, and then cooling to 390-;
quenching and twice tempering of the S4 sample: heating a non-gap sample, and quenching (oil) fire: before quenching, the temperature in the furnace is increased to T7; and (3) tempering: putting the quenched sample into a heat treatment furnace, heating to T8, tempering for the first time, and cooling the sample in oil; then repeating the tempering treatment, and discharging from the furnace for air cooling after the second tempering;
the test sample of S5 is used for detecting the impact energy: and detecting the impact energy of the sample after quenching and twice tempering.
Optionally or preferably, the heat preservation temperature T1 in the S1 stage is 530 ℃ to 550 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 0.5min/mm; the heat preservation temperature T2 in the S1 stage is 860-880 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 3.0 min/mm.
Optionally or optionally, the homogenization treatment in the S2 stage is performed by firstly performing heat preservation at a heat preservation temperature of T3, T3 is 530 ℃ and 550 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 0.5min/mm; then the temperature is raised to T2 for heat preservation, wherein T2 is 1230-.
Alternatively or preferably, the drawing-out process is arranged according to the final delivery size at the S2 stage, and then the upsetting process is carried out, and the drawing-out and upsetting surfaces are the drawing-out and upsetting surfaces of each subsequent firing number and cannot be changed.
Optionally or preferably, the heat preservation temperature T5 in the S3 stage is 530 ℃ to 550 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 4.5min/mm; the heat preservation temperature T6 in the S4 stage is 860-880 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 3.0 min/mm.
Optionally or preferably, the heat preservation temperature T7 in the S4 stage is 1020-; the heat preservation temperature T8 in the S4 stage is 600-; wherein the calculation time of oil cooling at the S4 stage is 1h/100 mm.
Alternatively or preferably, step S1 includes smelting, which is, in order, EF (electric furnace roughing), LF (ladle refining), VD (vacuum degassing), and pouring.
Based on the technical scheme, the following technical effects can be generated:
the preparation method of the 8407 die-casting die steel provided by the embodiment of the invention is suitable for producing the 8407 die-casting die steel with the impact energy of more than 170J. The invention relates to a preparation method of 8407 die-casting die steel, which is characterized in that the 8407 die-casting die steel is sequentially smelted to obtain a fine-grained electroslag ingot, the electroslag ingot is forged along the original drawing and upsetting directions to obtain the isotropy of metal fibers, the upsetting drawing deformation is homogenized, then the upsetting drawing, softening and annealing, sample quenching and tempering are carried out, and the sample detection impact energy is carried out to produce the 8407 die-casting die steel with the isotropy of the metal fibers and the impact energy more than 170J.
The invention also provides 8407 die-casting die steel which comprises 1.2367 hot-working extrusion die steel prepared by the preparation method of the 8407 die-casting die steel.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a graph of soak temperature versus time for a full anneal at stage S1 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of holding temperature versus time for the homogenization treatment of stage S2 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of soak temperature versus time for a softening anneal at stage S3 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of the holding temperature and time for quenching and tempering at stage S4.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of the invention is not limited to the following.
As shown in fig. 1-4:
some embodiments of the invention provide a preparation method of 8407 die-casting die steel, which includes: smelting 8407 die-casting die steel in sequence to obtain an electroslag ingot with fine grains, forging the electroslag ingot along the original drawing and upsetting directions to obtain metal fiber isotropy, softening annealing, sample quenching and tempering, and sample detection impact energy, wherein the method comprises the following steps of:
the specific steps of smelting are EF (electric furnace rough smelting), LF (ladle refining), VD (vacuum degassing), pouring and electroslag remelting in sequence.
The smelting key points are as follows: the electric furnace is filled with 600Kg of lime, and the electric furnace reasonably controls the power curve and the oxygen supply system to ensure carbon application and clear sampling.
The oxidation temperature is more than or equal to 1580 ℃, the decarbonization amount is more than or equal to 0.30%, the end point carbon is controlled to be 0.05% +/-, the phosphorus is less than or equal to 0.005%, and the slag skimming is thorough and clean.
500kg of roasted lime, 150kg of cap slag and 150kg of refining slag are added into the LF furnace. Feeding an Al wire in a white slag mode by 5M/T, and controlling: 0.37 percent of C, 1.00 percent of Si, 0.40 percent of Mn, 5.25 percent of Cr, 1.42 percent of Mo, 1.02 percent of V, 0.12 percent of Al, 5M/T of Ca wire, 1kg/T of Ba-Si and even stirring by direct Ar gas
The VD evacuation limit vacuum is less than or equal to 67MPa, the time is more than or equal to 15min, and the ladle temperature is 1540-1545 ℃.
Pouring: ensure the clean and dry casting system. And (5) pouring under the protection of argon. And (3) before steel ingot pouring, argon is injected into the middle pouring pipe and the mould for 5min, and filling is enhanced to prevent shrinkage cavity. Phi 540mm covering slag 12 Kg/per unit, heating agent 10 Kg/per unit, and carbonized rice hull 5 Kg/per unit. Phi 300 mold powder 2Kg/T, carbonized rice hull 0.5 Kg/count.
Electroslag remelting point (3.2 ton electroslag ingot):
slag system: CaF 289 kg, Al2O 338 kg, MgO 3kg
Deoxidizing agent: 250g of Al powder and 300g of Ca powder
Current and voltage: 12300 +/-500A; 72-78V
And (4) placing the electroslag ingot into a slow cooling cover for slow cooling, wherein the slow cooling time is more than or equal to 90 hours.
Macrostructure: testing according to GB/T226 standard. The center porosity and ingot type segregation are less than or equal to 2 grades, and the defects of white spots, cracks, shrinkage cavities, bubbles and the like cannot be caused.
Chemical components: sampling and detecting chemical components according to GB/T223, GB/T222 and GB/T4336 standards.
8407 chemical composition
Then forging is carried out: the gas heating furnace is divided into 2 sections for heating, the temperature is kept at 1200 ℃ for 3 hours, the jaw is pressed, then the furnace is returned for heating, and the temperature is kept for 5 hours for upsetting. Forging ratio: the forging temperature of the fast forging hydraulic press is larger than or equal to 5, 4500 tons, and the initial forging temperature is 1200 ℃ and the final forging temperature is larger than or equal to 950 ℃; and after the first hot upsetting and drawing out, loading the blank into a furnace for homogenizing, heating and preserving heat, then upsetting and drawing out, and immediately loading the blank into the furnace for annealing after forging.
Referring to fig. 2, the homogenization process: putting the workpiece which finishes the first hot upsetting and drawing in a heating furnace for continuous heating and heat preservation, heating the temperature in the furnace to 1230-;
referring to fig. 3, S1 softening anneal: heating the furnace temperature lower than 550 ℃ to 860-880 ℃ for heat preservation, wherein the heat preservation time is 3min/mm, cooling to 400 ℃, discharging and air cooling;
hardness: the hardness was measured according to the GB/T231 standard. And the hardness of the annealed body is detected to be less than or equal to HB255, and the annealed body is qualified.
Rough machining: the dimensional tolerance is checked according to the GB/T908 standard. Thickness +5/-10mm, width-10/+ 15 mm.
A: and (4) flattening the flat end of a sawing machine after the ultrasonic flaw detection is qualified, and taking a 7mm x10mm non-gap sample.
B: and (3) milling a plane by a milling machine with small feed amount, taking no large-area black skin as a standard, and milling a turning surface after the flaw detection is qualified.
And C, milling the last cutter of each surface to reduce the cutter feeding amount, and cooling by using oil to improve the surface roughness. And the tolerance requirement is met.
Ultrasonic flaw detection: and carrying out ultrasonic flaw detection according to SEP 1921-standard, wherein the qualified grade is E/E, the number of phi 3 which is less than or equal to a single defect is not more than 2, and the defects are distributed dispersedly.
Then, the process of notch-free sample quenching and tempering is carried out, referring to fig. 4, the process comprises the steps of carrying out furnace temperature of 1020-1040 ℃ and heat preservation time of 1.5min/mm on 8407 die steel treated by the steps, and then carrying out oil production tempering at the temperature of 120-150 ℃. The oil cooling is calculated as 1h/100mm, the tempering temperature is 600-620 ℃, the heat preservation time is 3min/mm and the temperature is lower than 400 ℃, the steel is taken out of the furnace for air cooling, and the tempering is carried out for 2 times.
It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present invention, the unit of holding time min/mm refers to the holding time of the maximum thickness of the steel ingot or the forged piece, for example, the maximum thickness of the processed forged piece is 100mm, and when the holding time is 3min/mm, the actual holding time is 300 min.
And then carrying out high power tissue detection: sampling, detecting and evaluating the nonmetallic inclusion according to the GB/T10561 standard, wherein the qualified grade is not greater than the corresponding regulation in the table.
8407 non-metallic inclusions
Microstructure: according to GB/T1299 standard sampling detection, the existence of long-strip chain and large-block carbide is not allowed, the grain size in the annealing state is more than or equal to 7 grade, and the microstructure in the annealing state is qualified grade according to NADCA # 207-.
Referring to fig. 1, in the stage S1, the temperature in the furnace is raised by the following steps: the temperature in the furnace is increased to T1, then to 530-550 ℃ at T2, 880-860 ℃ at T2, 0.5min/mm at T1 and 3.0min/mm at T2.
Referring to FIG. 2, the heat homogenization treatment is performed at S2 stage, the temperature is 1230-.
Referring to FIG. 3, in the S3 stage, softening annealing treatment is performed after forging, the temperature is 860 and 880 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 3.0 min/mm.
Referring to FIG. 4, at the stage S4, the unnotched sample is quenched and tempered, the quenching temperature is 1020-. The tempering temperature is 600-620 ℃, the heat preservation time is 3min/mm, the temperature is lower than 400 ℃, the furnace is taken out for air cooling, and the tempering is carried out for 2 times.
It should be noted that in some embodiments of the invention, the hardness requirement after 2 treatments of quenching + tempering is HRC 44-46.
In the impact test, the pendulum bob impacts the center part of 55mmX10mm, and the test result (the average value of the impact absorption energy of 3 test samples) is not less than 240J
The invention provides 8407 die-casting die steel which is prepared by the preparation method of the 8407 die-casting die steel.
The beneficial effect of above-mentioned scheme: according to the preparation method of the 8407 die-casting die steel provided by the embodiment of the invention, the 8407 electroslag ingot with fine grains is obtained through smelting, the 8407 die-casting die steel ingot is forged in sequence along the original drawing and upsetting directions to obtain the metal fiber isotropy, the homogenization treatment is carried out after the one-time upsetting and drawing, the softening annealing after the forging, the sample quenching + tempering, and the sample detection impact energy.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a preparation method of 8407 die-casting die steel, which comprises the following steps:
stage 8407 full annealing of the electroslag ingot at S1: heating the furnace temperature lower than 550 ℃ to 870 ℃ for heat preservation, wherein the heat preservation time is 3min/mm, cooling to 400 ℃, discharging and air cooling;
homogenization treatment after one-time upsetting at the stage S2: continuously heating the temperature in the 8407 forge piece to 1250 ℃ for heat preservation, wherein the heat preservation time is 4.5min/mm, and then continuously upsetting and drawing;
softening annealing at the stage of S3: heating the furnace temperature lower than 550 ℃ to 870 ℃ for heat preservation, wherein the heat preservation time is 3min/mm, cooling to 400 ℃, discharging and air cooling;
quenching, tempering and tempering after heating at the S4 stage: the temperature in the furnace before quenching is increased in a following way: the temperature in the furnace is raised to 1030 ℃, the holding time is 1.5min/mm, and then the oil production tempering is carried out at 120 ℃. The oil cooling is calculated as 1h/100 mm;
s4 tempering treatment: the temperature in the furnace is 610 ℃, the heat preservation time is 3min/mm, the furnace is taken out for air cooling, and then the tempering treatment is repeated for 2 times.
Example 2
This example provides a preparation method of 8407 die casting die steel, stage S1 8407 electroslag ingot full annealing: heating the furnace temperature lower than 550 ℃ to 860 ℃ for heat preservation, wherein the heat preservation time is 3min/mm, cooling to 400 ℃, discharging and air cooling;
homogenization treatment after one-time upsetting at the stage S2: continuously heating the temperature in the 8407 forge piece to 1250 ℃ for heat preservation, wherein the heat preservation time is 4.3min/mm, and then continuously upsetting and drawing;
softening annealing at the stage of S3: heating the furnace temperature lower than 550 ℃ to 860 ℃ for heat preservation, wherein the heat preservation time is 3min/mm, cooling to 400 ℃, discharging and air cooling;
quenching, tempering and tempering after heating at the S4 stage: the temperature in the furnace before quenching is increased in a following way: the temperature in the furnace is raised to 1030 ℃, the holding time is 1.5min/mm, and then the oil production tempering is carried out at 120 ℃. The oil cooling is calculated as 1h/100 mm;
s4 tempering treatment: the temperature in the furnace is 600 ℃, the heat preservation time is 3min/mm, the furnace is taken out for air cooling, and then the tempering treatment is repeated for 2 times.
Example 3
This example provides a preparation method of 8407 die casting die steel, stage S1 18407 full annealing of electroslag ingot: heating the furnace temperature lower than 550 ℃ to 850 ℃ for heat preservation, wherein the heat preservation time is 3min/mm, cooling to 400 ℃, discharging and air cooling;
homogenization treatment after one-time upsetting at the stage S2: continuously heating the temperature in the 8407 forge piece to 1250 ℃ for heat preservation, wherein the heat preservation time is 4.4min/mm, and then continuously upsetting and drawing;
softening annealing at the stage of S3: heating the furnace temperature lower than 550 ℃ to 850 ℃ for heat preservation, wherein the heat preservation time is 3min/mm, cooling to 400 ℃, discharging and air cooling;
quenching, tempering and tempering after heating at the S4 stage: the temperature in the furnace before quenching is increased in a following way: the temperature in the furnace is raised to 1030 ℃, the holding time is 1.5min/mm, and then the oil production tempering is carried out at 130 ℃. The oil cooling is calculated as 1h/100 mm;
s4 tempering treatment: the temperature in the furnace is 605 ℃, the heat preservation time is 3min/mm, the furnace is taken out for air cooling, and then the tempering treatment is repeated for 2 times.
Example 4
This example provides a preparation method of 8407 die casting die steel, stage S1 8407 electroslag ingot full annealing: heating the furnace temperature lower than 550 ℃ to 850 ℃ for heat preservation, wherein the heat preservation time is 3min/mm, cooling to 400 ℃, discharging and air cooling;
homogenization treatment after one-time upsetting at the stage S2: continuously heating the temperature in the 8407 forge piece to 1250 ℃ for heat preservation, wherein the heat preservation time is 4.3min/mm, and then continuously upsetting and drawing;
softening annealing at the stage of S3: heating the furnace temperature lower than 550 ℃ to 855 ℃ for heat preservation, wherein the heat preservation time is 3min/mm, cooling to 400 ℃, discharging and air cooling;
quenching, tempering and tempering after heating at the S4 stage: the temperature in the furnace before quenching is increased in a following way: the temperature in the furnace is raised to 1030 ℃, the holding time is 1.5min/mm, and then the oil production tempering is carried out at 140 ℃. The oil cooling is calculated as 1h/100 mm;
s4 tempering treatment: the temperature in the furnace is 595 ℃, the heat preservation time is 3min/mm, the furnace is taken out for air cooling, and then the tempering treatment is repeated for 2 times.
Example 5
This example provides a preparation method of 8407 die casting die steel, stage S1 8407 electroslag ingot full annealing: heating the furnace temperature lower than 540 ℃ to 850 ℃ for heat preservation, wherein the heat preservation time is 3min/mm, cooling to 400 ℃, discharging and air cooling;
homogenization treatment after one-time upsetting at the stage S2: continuously heating the temperature in the 8407 forge piece to 1250 ℃ for heat preservation, wherein the heat preservation time is 4.3min/mm, and then continuously upsetting and drawing;
softening annealing at the stage of S3: heating the furnace temperature lower than 540 ℃ to 850 ℃ for heat preservation, wherein the heat preservation time is 3min/mm, cooling to 400 ℃, discharging and air cooling;
quenching, tempering and tempering after heating at the S4 stage: the temperature in the furnace before quenching is increased in a following way: the temperature in the furnace is raised to 1030 ℃, the holding time is 1.5min/mm, and then the oil production tempering is carried out at 140 ℃. The oil cooling is calculated as 1h/100 mm;
s4 tempering treatment: the temperature in the furnace is 595 ℃, the heat preservation time is 3min/mm, the furnace is taken out for air cooling, and then the tempering treatment is repeated for 2 times.
Example 6
This example provides a preparation method of 8407 die casting die steel, stage S1 8407 electroslag ingot full annealing: heating the furnace temperature lower than 540 ℃ to 845 ℃ for heat preservation, wherein the heat preservation time is 3min/mm, cooling to 400 ℃, discharging and air cooling;
homogenization treatment after one-time upsetting at the stage S2: continuously heating the temperature in the 8407 forge piece to 1250 ℃ for heat preservation, wherein the heat preservation time is 4.3min/mm, and then continuously upsetting and drawing;
softening annealing at the stage of S3: heating the furnace temperature lower than 540 ℃ to 850 ℃ for heat preservation, wherein the heat preservation time is 3min/mm, cooling to 400 ℃, discharging and air cooling;
quenching, tempering and tempering after heating at the S4 stage: the temperature in the furnace before quenching is increased in a following way: raising the temperature in the furnace to 1025 ℃, keeping the temperature for 1.5min/mm, and then performing oil production tempering at 150 ℃. The oil cooling is calculated as 1h/100 mm;
s4 tempering treatment: the temperature in the furnace is 595 ℃, the heat preservation time is 3min/mm, the furnace is taken out for air cooling, and then the tempering treatment is repeated for 2 times.
The preparation method of the 8407 die-casting die steel provided by the invention can realize the following effects:
according to the preparation method of the 8407 die-casting die steel, provided by the embodiment of the invention, the 8407 electroslag ingot with fine grains is obtained through smelting, the 8407 die-casting die steel ingot is forged in the original drawing and upsetting directions in sequence to obtain the metal fiber isotropy, the homogenization treatment is carried out after the one-time upsetting and drawing, the softening annealing is carried out after the forging, the sample quenching + tempering, and the sample detection impact energy is carried out.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included.
Claims (8)
1. A preparation method of 8407 die-casting die steel is characterized by comprising the following steps: sequentially smelting, forging, softening and annealing, sample quenching and twice tempering and sample impact power detection on the 8407 die-casting die steel; the method comprises the following steps:
s1 smelting: obtaining fine-grain electroslag ingot by adopting a smelting mode of EF + LF + VD + die casting + ESR, slowly cooling the obtained electroslag ingot in a slow cooling cover to be close to room temperature, and then putting the obtained electroslag ingot into an annealing furnace to carry out complete annealing at a heat preservation temperature T1 and a heat preservation temperature T2;
s2 forging: discharging the completely annealed 8407 electroslag ingot, cooling to be close to room temperature, sawing a bottom pad, loading into a forging heating furnace, heating, preserving heat, discharging from the furnace for first fire forging, homogenizing after completion, and upsetting and drawing;
s3 softening and annealing: firstly, preserving heat in a furnace at a heat preservation temperature T5, then preserving heat by raising the temperature to a heat preservation temperature T6, and then cooling to 390-;
quenching and twice tempering of the S4 sample: heating a non-gap sample, and quenching (oil) fire: before quenching, the temperature in the furnace is increased to T7; and (3) tempering: putting the quenched sample into a heat treatment furnace, heating to T8, tempering for the first time, and cooling the sample in oil; then repeating the tempering treatment, and discharging from the furnace for air cooling after the second tempering;
the test sample of S5 is used for detecting the impact energy: and detecting the impact energy of the sample after quenching and twice tempering.
2. A method of making 8407 die casting die steel as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the heat preservation temperature T1 in the S1 stage is 530-550 ℃, the heat preservation time is 0.5min/mm, the heat preservation temperature T2 in the S1 stage is 860-880 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 3.0 min/mm.
3. A method of making 8407 die casting die steel as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the S2 stage of homogenization treatment, the heat preservation temperature T3 is firstly carried out, the temperature T3 is 530 ℃ and 550 ℃, the heat preservation time is 0.5min/mm, then the temperature is raised to T2 for heat preservation, the temperature T2 is 1230 and 1250 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 4.5 min/mm.
4. A method of making 8407 die casting die steel as claimed in claim 1, wherein: at the stage of S2, a drawing-out process is arranged firstly according to the final delivery size, and then an upsetting process is carried out, wherein the drawing-out and upsetting surfaces are drawing-out and upsetting surfaces of each fire in the future and cannot be changed.
5. A method of making 8407 die casting die steel as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the heat preservation temperature T5 in the S3 stage is 530-550 ℃, the heat preservation time is 4.5min/mm, the heat preservation temperature T6 in the S4 stage is 860-880 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 3.0 min/mm.
6. A method of making 8407 die casting die steel as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the heat preservation temperature T7 in the S4 stage is 1020-1040 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 1.5min/mm, and the heat preservation temperature T8 in the S4 stage is 600-620 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 3 min/mm; wherein the calculation time of oil cooling at the S4 stage is 1h/100 mm.
7. A method of making 8407 die casting die steel as claimed in claim 1, wherein: step S1 includes smelting, which includes in sequence EF (electric furnace roughing), LF (ladle refining), VD (vacuum degassing), and casting.
8. A method of manufacturing 8407 die casting die steel, which is manufactured by the method of manufacturing 8407 die casting die steel according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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| CN112877526A (en) * | 2021-01-14 | 2021-06-01 | 江油市长祥特殊钢制造有限公司 | Preparation method of 8418 high-quality hot-working die-casting die steel |
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Application publication date: 20200612 |