CN110157988A - High-purity, the homogeneous rare earth cold roll steel alloy material of one kind and preparation method - Google Patents
High-purity, the homogeneous rare earth cold roll steel alloy material of one kind and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to field of metallurgical machine, are related to high-purity, the homogeneous rare earth cold roll steel alloy material of one kind and preparation method.Cold roll steel of the invention, constituent mass percentage (wt.%) are as follows: C:0.60~0.90, Si:0.10~0.90, Mn≤0.60, P≤0.020, S≤0.015, Cr:4.00~6.00, Ni≤0.40, Mo:0.10~0.40, V:0.01~0.40, Nb:0.0001~0.15, Ti:0.0001~0.15, RE:0.0001~0.030, N:0.0001~0.030, surplus are the elements such as Fe and inevitable impurity, gas.High-purity, the homogeneous rare earth cold roll steel alloy material, alloying and V, Nb, Ti microalloying are total to by C, N, RE, and using molding refining substitution electroslag remelting, by whole process control it is pure smelt, the forging of Prepared by Low Superheat Pouring, homogeneous, the technologies such as quenched after forging, obtain the roller stock material that degree of purity is high, ingredient is uniform, carbide is tiny, to greatly improve production efficiency, reduce production cost, high-quality blank is provided for the large and medium-sized Roller Machining of high-performance.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of metallurgical machine, and in particular to a kind of high-purity, homogeneous rare earth cold roll steel alloy material and
Preparation method.
Background technique
Cold roll is the core work component of metallurgy industry cold rolling machinery, the quality of quality determine cold-rolled products quality with
Production efficiency.When military service, cold roll bears strong alternating load and fretting wear, it is desirable that working lining hardness with higher,
Good wear-resisting property and excellent surface quality.Especially, modern cold rolling machinery is constantly to enlargement, high speed, serialization
Development, requirements at the higher level are proposed to the anti-accident ability and service life of cold roll, thus to cold roll steel and its preparation side
Method proposes severe challenge.
MC5 steel containing 5wt%Cr, harden ability with higher can obtain ultra-deep quench-hardened case, have surface hardness it is high,
The features such as wear-resisting property is good, anti-fatigue performance is excellent substantially meets the design requirement of all kinds of cold rolling machinery.Therefore, MC5 steel is wide
It is general to be used as cold roll steel.But carbon content is high in MC5 steel, during casting blank solidification, is easily segregated, forms coarse liquid
Eutectoid carbide peels off when roll being be easy to cause to work, serious to reduce anti-fatigue performance and influence roller surface quality, causes
Roll working life is undesirable.
In order to solve the problems, such as that the segregation of MC5 steel slab generates coarse Aliquation carbide, prior art generallys use refining casting
Base electroslag remelting again, is controlled by shallow pool, and the degree of superheat of process of setting is greatly reduced, and improves segregation, reduces and reduce liquation
Carbide.Meanwhile slab, by being fused into droplet again, through high-temperature liquid state wash heat, nonmetal inclusion can in steel after remelting
Obtain improves to a certain extent, is also advantageous for improving degree of purity, promotes toughness plasticity and anti-fatigue performance.However, electroslag remelting process,
More traditional refining casting technology, working hour length, low efficiency, energy consumption are high, at high cost.Moreover, esr process, RE, B, Nb, Ti etc.
The control difficulty of active element and H, N elemental gas is larger.In particular, in recent years, due to the quick hair of smelting casting process and equipment
It opens up, total oxygen content T.O has been able to control to the extremely low level no more than 10ppm in molten steel, and the degree of purity for refining slab obtains
It is substantially improved, how this effectively keeps the refining original degree of purity of slab to propose new project to electroslag remelting process process.
Summary of the invention
High-purity, the homogeneous rare earth cold roll steel alloy that the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of suitable for molding refining slab
Material and preparation method, on the basis of ensuring degree of purity, the large and medium-sized cold rolling roller stock segregation of system solution is serious, carbide is coarse
Etc. technical problems mentioned for the large and medium-sized cold roll preparation of high-performance so that cold rolling roller stock production efficiency and manufacturing cost be greatly reduced
For high-quality blank.
The technical scheme is that
A kind of high-purity, homogeneous rare earth cold roll steel alloy material, material component mass percent are as follows: C:0.60~
0.90, Si:0.10~0.90, Mn≤0.60, P≤0.020, S≤0.015, Cr:4.00~6.00, Ni≤0.40, Mo:0.10
~0.40, V:0.01~0.40, Nb:0.0001~0.15, Ti:0.0001~0.15, RE:0.0001~0.030, N:0.0001
~0.030, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity element.
High-purity, the homogeneous rare earth cold roll steel alloy material, it is preferred that alloying, C+N=are total to using C, N
0.70~0.90；Using high-purity rare-earth alloying, RE=0.003~0.020；Using Ti microalloying, Ti=0.003~
0.010；Using Nb microalloying, Nb=0.05~0.15；Using V microalloying, V=0.05~0.25.
High-purity, the homogeneous rare earth cold roll steel alloy material, high-purity rare-earth are total oxygen content T.O≤300ppm's
Lanthanoid metal, metallic cerium or lanthanum cerium mixed metal, or comparable rare earth alloy is controlled with this total oxygen content.
High-purity, homogeneous rare earth cold roll steel alloy material the preparation method is refined using molding, by full stream
It is program-controlled it is pure smelt, the forging of Prepared by Low Superheat Pouring, homogeneous, quenched technology after forging, obtain that degree of purity is high, ingredient is uniform, carbide is thin
Small high-quality roller stock.
High-purity, homogeneous rare earth cold roll steel alloy material the preparation method, specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) molten steel slightly refines: being arranged in pairs or groups using molten iron and steel scrap or high-quality steel scrap is as raw material, pass through electric arc furnaces oxygen blast
Fluxing and making foamed slag；When dephosphorization in place, and slightly make steel water in carbon content [C] >=0.02wt%, initial total oxygen content T.O≤
When 400ppm, electric arc furnaces slightly makes steel water tapping；
(2) ladle refining: melted in advance by intermediate frequency furnace the heavy-duty waste steel containing Cr, Mo, Ni alloying element, return material or
Alloy material, and intermediate frequency furnace molten steel is blended into thick steel-making water and forms ladle refining initial molten steel, then made new slag reduction, desulfurization,
It is micro- to carry out V, Nb, Ti when free oxygen content is no more than 5ppm or total oxygen content T.O≤20ppm in molten steel respectively for deoxidation
The alloying of alloy element；When ingredient and temperature meet the requirements, the tapping of ladle refining molten steel；
(3) it is vacuum-treated: entering to be vacuum-treated tank after the tapping of ladle refining molten steel, rapid vacuumizing is to being lower than the true of 66.5Pa
Reciprocal of duty cycle, retention time are more than 15 minutes, after vacuum breaker, as hydrogen content H≤2ppm in molten steel, are hoisted to ladle refining station；
(4) in ladle refining station, liquid steel temperature and ingredient rare earth treatment: are tested；When free oxygen content does not surpass in molten steel
5ppm or total oxygen content T.O≤20ppm is crossed, high pure rare earth metals, high-purity rare-earth alloy are added into molten steel at the top of ladle
Or high-purity rare-earth additive, carry out rare earth treatment；
(5) nitrogen alloying: after rare earth treatment, being added at the top of ladle into molten steel, the nitrogen-containing alloy through overbaking,
Carry out nitrogen alloying；
(6) molding casting: when degree of superheat Δ T≤50 DEG C of molten steel, it is hoisted to molding casting station, carries out casting steel
Ingot；
(7) homogeneous forges: using steel ingot high temperature diffusion annealing processing heating before forging and forging high temperature diffusion annealing processing, leading to
It crosses High temperature diffusion to combine with mechanic diffusion, shortens the high temperature diffusion annealing time, promote the efficiency that homogenizes, mitigation even is eliminated solidifying
Gu when segregation generate coarse Aliquation carbide；Hereafter, roller stock is shaped using conventional forging method, and eventually with 850 DEG C or more
Temperature, the Cooling Mode of water cooling are forged, net carbide is avoided；
(8) quenched after forging: after roller stock finish-forging and rapid cooling, using the modifier treatment of quenching and high tempering, as forging
Heat treatment and its annealing process afterwards shorten heat treatment time while refined carbides.
High-purity, homogeneous rare earth cold roll steel alloy material the preparation method, after step (5) nitrogen alloying,
It carries out soft blow and calmness: being 20~40NL/min by controlling the argon flow that ladle bottom is blown into, promote bulky grain in molten steel
It is mingled with floating, and thus controls liquid steel temperature fall, it is ensured that soft blow and calm time is not less than 10 minutes.
High-purity, homogeneous rare earth cold roll steel alloy material the preparation method, in step (6), when casting, is used
Atmosphere is isolated in molten steel by local positive pressure argon gas protection, and the pressure of positive pressure argon gas is 0.1~0.6MPa.
High-purity, homogeneous rare earth cold roll steel alloy material the preparation method, in step (7), steel ingot adds before forging
For heat to 1180~1240 DEG C, soaking time is 60~150min/100mm thick, carries out high temperature diffusion annealing processing, and first
After fiery forging deformation, cross section diameter reduction, again with identical heating process, high temperature diffusion annealing is carried out.
High-purity, homogeneous rare earth cold roll steel alloy material the preparation method, the forging ratio 2~6 of the first fire time.
High-purity, homogeneous rare earth cold roll steel alloy material the preparation method, in step (8), hardening heat 900
~960 DEG C, soaking time is 60~100min/100mm thick, water quenching；When roller stock surface return temperature be no more than 150 DEG C when, at once into
700~750 DEG C of high temperings of row, soaking time are 150~400min/100mm thick, and nodularization undissolved carbide forms granular pearl
Body of light tissue.
The design philosophy of material composition and preparation method of the invention is:
The present invention is total to alloying and V, Nb, Ti microalloying by C, N, RE, and using molding refining substitution electroslag weight
It is molten, by whole process control it is pure smelt, the forging of Prepared by Low Superheat Pouring, homogeneous, the technologies such as quenched after forging, obtain that degree of purity is high, ingredient
Uniformly, the tiny roller stock material of carbide rolls to greatly improve production efficiency, reduce production cost for high-performance is large and medium-sized
Roller processing provides high-quality blank.
1, ingredient designs
Alloying is total to using C, N, component segregation is reduced, reduces Aliquation carbide, refinement proeutectoid carbide.High-purity, homogeneous
Preferred C+N=0.70~0.90 of rare earth cold roll steel alloy material.
Consolidating for RE is realized on the basis of performance RE goes bad and is mingled with deep purifying effect using high-purity rare-earth alloying
It is molten, stablize the microdefects such as crystal boundary and phase boundary, delays Carbide Coarsening, net carbide is reduced or avoided.High-purity, homogeneous rare earth
Preferred RE=0.003~0.020 of cold roll steel alloy material.
Using Ti microalloying, solidification latter stage is formed fine TiX (C, N) in conjunction with C, N, refines as cast condition arborescent structure,
Improve wear-resisting property.High-purity, preferred Ti=0.003~0.010 of homogeneous rare earth cold roll steel alloy material.
Using Nb microalloying, form the fine NbX (C, N) of high-temperature stable in conjunction with C, N, pinning matrix, refinement crystal grain,
Improve comprehensive mechanical property.High-purity, preferred Nb=0.05~0.15 of homogeneous rare earth cold roll steel alloy material.
Using V microalloying, fine VX (C, N) precipitated phase is formed in conjunction with C, N, pinning matrix, refinement crystal grain, raising are comprehensive
Close mechanical property.High-purity, preferred V=0.05~0.25 of homogeneous rare earth cold roll steel alloy material.
2, preparation method
Using molding refine substitution electroslag remelting, by whole process control it is pure smelt, Prepared by Low Superheat Pouring, homogeneous forging, forging
The technologies such as quenched afterwards obtain the high-quality roller stock that degree of purity is high, ingredient is uniform, carbide is tiny.By electric arc furnaces, thick steel-making is controlled
Carbon content [C] >=0.02wt%, initial oxygen content T.O≤400ppm, avoid Molten Steel over-oxidation in water.Pass through ladle refining, control
Oxygen content T.O≤20ppm of molten steel processed is added for rare earth and is ensured that Molten Steel Cleanliness provides condition.By being vacuum-treated, control
Hydrogen content H≤2ppm of molten steel, the defects of avoiding white point or hydrogen induced cracking.Free oxygen content is no more than 5ppm in molten steel, or
Under the conditions of total oxygen content T.O≤20ppm, high-purity rare-earth is added at the top of ladle, carries out RE alloyed.By being added by drying
Roasting nitrogen-containing alloy carries out nitrogen alloying.
It when casting, is protected using local positive pressure argon gas, atmosphere is isolated in high-temperature molten steel, anti-waterstop port wadding is flowed and avoided secondary
Oxidation.Using cast cold technique, i.e. molten steel overheat Δ T≤50 DEG C, refined cast structure reduces or even liquation is avoided to be carbonized
Object.Substitution electroslag remelting is refined using molding and prepares large-scale slab, obtains degree of purity height, dense structure, carbide by forging
Tiny high-quality roll blank.
Using steel ingot high-temperature heating before forging and forging high temperature heating process, combined by High temperature diffusion with mechanic diffusion,
Shorten the high temperature diffusion annealing time, the efficiency that homogenizes is substantially improved, mitigates the coarse liquation that segregation generates when even being eliminated solidification
Carbide.After roller stock finish-forging and rapid cooling, using the modifier treatment of quenching and high tempering, moved back as heat treatment after forging and its nodularization
Fire process while significant refined carbides, substantially shortens heat treatment time.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
On the basis of traditional MC5 cold roll steel, pass through alloy material optimization design and the control of hot-working full-flow process
System combines, and is total to alloying and V, Nb, Ti microalloying design philosophy using C, N, RE, and using molding refining substitution electroslag
Remelting, by whole process control it is pure smelt, the forging of Prepared by Low Superheat Pouring, homogeneous, the technologies such as quenched after forging, directly refined using molding
Slab prepares the roller stock material that degree of purity is high, ingredient is uniform, carbide is tiny.Roller stock material phase is prepared with traditional electroslag remelting casting
Than, the present invention greatly improves production efficiency, reduces production cost on the basis of ensuring roller stock material purity, uniformity, thus
The market competitiveness of roller stock material can be obviously improved.
Detailed description of the invention
In Fig. 1 embodiment 1, roller stock riser end center microscopic structure optical photograph.
In Fig. 2 embodiment 1, roller stock riser end center microscopic structure scanned photograph.
In Fig. 3 embodiment 2, roller stock riser end center microscopic structure optical photograph.
In Fig. 4 embodiment 2, roller stock riser end center microscopic structure scanned photograph.
In Fig. 5 embodiment 3, roller stock riser end center microscopic structure optical photograph.
In Fig. 6 embodiment 3, roller stock riser end center microscopic structure scanned photograph.
Specific embodiment
In the specific implementation process, high-purity, homogeneous rare earth cold roll steel alloy material of the invention, constituent mass hundred
Divide than (wt.%) are as follows: C:0.60~0.90, Si:0.10~0.90, Mn≤0.60, P≤0.020, S≤0.015, Cr:4.00~
6.00, Ni≤0.40, Mo:0.10~0.40, V:0.01~0.40, Nb:0.0001~0.15, Ti:0.0001~0.15, RE:
0.0001~0.030, N:0.0001~0.030, surplus are the elements such as Fe and inevitable impurity, gas.Wherein, unavoidably
The elements such as impurity, gas, such as: O < 0.0015, H < 0.00015.
High-purity, homogeneous rare earth cold roll steel alloy material preparation method of the invention, it is mainly total by C, N, RE
Alloying and V, Nb, Ti microalloying, and using molding refining substitution electroslag remelting, by whole process control it is pure smelt, low mistake
The technologies such as quenched, obtain the roller stock material that degree of purity is high, ingredient is uniform, carbide is tiny after temperature casting, homogeneous forging, forging.
Specifically comprise the following steps:
(1) molten steel slightly refines: being arranged in pairs or groups using molten iron and steel scrap or high-quality steel scrap is as raw material, pass through electric arc furnaces oxygen blast
Fluxing and making foamed slag, is substantially improved decarburization efficiency and degasifying effect.When dephosphorization in place, and slightly make steel water in carbon content [C]
When >=0.02wt%, initial total oxygen content T.O≤400ppm, electric arc furnaces slightly makes steel water tapping.
(2) it ladle refining: melts the heavy-duty waste steel containing alloying elements such as Cr, Mo, Ni in advance by intermediate frequency furnace, return
Material, alloy material etc., and intermediate frequency furnace molten steel is blended into thick steel-making water and forms ladle refining initial molten steel, then made new slag reduction,
Desulfurization, deoxidation, when in molten steel free oxygen content be no more than 5ppm or total oxygen content T.O≤20ppm when, respectively carry out V, Nb,
The alloying of the micro alloying elements such as Ti.When ingredient and temperature meet the requirements, the tapping of ladle refining molten steel.
(3) it is vacuum-treated: entering to be vacuum-treated tank after the tapping of ladle refining molten steel, rapid vacuumizing is to being lower than the true of 66.5Pa
Reciprocal of duty cycle, retention time are more than 15 minutes, after vacuum breaker, as hydrogen content H≤2ppm in molten steel, are hoisted to ladle refining station.
(4) in ladle refining station, liquid steel temperature and ingredient rare earth treatment: are tested.When free oxygen content does not surpass in molten steel
5ppm or total oxygen content T.O≤20ppm is crossed, high pure rare earth metals, high-purity rare-earth are added into high-temperature molten steel at the top of ladle
Alloy or high-purity rare-earth additive carry out rare earth treatment.
(5) it nitrogen alloying: after rare earth treatment, is added at the top of ladle into high-temperature molten steel, through the nitrogenous of overbaking
Alloy carries out nitrogen alloying, to avoid molten steel hydrogenation.
(6) soft blow and calmness: the argon flow being blown by controlling ladle bottom promotes bulky grain in molten steel to be mingled with
It is floating, and thus control liquid steel temperature fall, it is ensured that soft blow and calm time are not less than 10 minutes.
(7) molding casting: when degree of superheat Δ T≤50 DEG C of molten steel, it is hoisted to molding casting station.Pass through low overheat
Degree casting, refined cast structure reduce or even avoid Aliquation carbide.And when being poured, protected using local positive pressure argon gas, it will
Atmosphere is isolated in high-temperature molten steel, and anti-waterstop port wadding stream avoids secondary oxidation, it is ensured that Molten Steel Cleanliness.
(8) homogeneous forges: after refining casting blank solidification, no longer carrying out electroslag remelting, the steel ingot used directly as forging.Forging
Preceding Heating Steel Ingots carry out high temperature diffusion annealing processing to 1180~1240 DEG C of heat preservations, and in the first fire time forging deformation, section
After diameter reduces, again with the heat preservation of identical heating temperature, high temperature diffusion annealing is carried out, to pass through High temperature diffusion and mechanic diffusion
It combines, shortens the high temperature diffusion annealing time, the efficiency that homogenizes is substantially improved, mitigate and be segregated the thick of generation when even being eliminated solidification
Big Aliquation carbide.Hereafter, roller stock is shaped using conventional forging method, and with final forging temperature be more than 850 DEG C, water cooling it is quick
The type of cooling avoids net carbide.
(9) quenched after forging: after roller stock forging, to be heated to 900~960 DEG C of water quenchings, return temperature when roller stock surface and be no more than 150 DEG C
When, 700~750 DEG C of high temperings are carried out at once, and nodularization undissolved carbide forms granular pearlite tissue, significantly to refine carbon
Compound and substantially shortening heat treatment after forging time.
In the following, being further elaborated on by embodiment and attached drawing to the present invention.
Embodiment 1
It is high-purity, homogeneous rare earth cold roll is as follows with steel alloy material ingredient and its mass percent in the present embodiment:
| Element | Content (mass fraction, wt.%) |
| C | 0.87 |
| Si | 0.65 |
| Mn | 0.36 |
| P | 0.0090 |
| S | 0.0010 |
| Cr | 4.96 |
| Ni | 0.32 |
| Mo | 0.24 |
| V | 0.18 |
| Nb | 0.090 |
| Ti | 0.018 |
| RE | 0.0080 |
| N | 0.0058 |
| O | 0.0014 |
| H | 0.00012 |
| Fe | Surplus |
In the present embodiment, high-purity, homogeneous rare earth cold roll steel alloy material preparation method: slightly made steel using electric arc furnaces
Water, liquid steel temperature meet condition, and carbon content, phosphorus content, oxygen content difference [C]=0.15wt.%, [P]=
When 0.003wt.%, T.O=0.023wt.%, arc furnace tapping, and be blended into heavy-duty waste steel, return to material, alloy material etc. contains Cr,
The fusing molten steel of Mo, Ni alloying element is concise to ladle.Using ladle refining furnace, new slag is made, restores thick steel-making water, molten steel middle reaches
From oxygen content 4.8ppm, when sampling total oxygen content T.O=18ppm, it is separately added into containing V, containing Nb or containing alloy materials such as Ti, and
Ingredient and adjustment temperature are finely tuned to meeting the requirements, ladle is hung in into vacuum processing station.It is evacuated to using steam and vacuum tank
20Pa, pressure maintaining 20 minutes reduce H, N content in molten steel by steel ladle bottom argon blowing gas agitating, as hydrogen content H=1.5ppm, break
Ladle is simultaneously hung back refining station by vacuum.In ladle refining station, liquid steel temperature and ingredient are tested.Free oxygen content in molten steel
When 3.8ppm, total oxygen content T.O=14ppm, it is added that high-purity (purity is in 99wt% or more) into high-temperature molten steel at the top of ladle
Mixed rare earth of lanthanum and cerium metal carries out rare earth treatment.It after rare earth treatment, is added, passes through into high-temperature molten steel at the top of ladle
The a small amount of nitrogen-containing alloy of 600 DEG C of bakings for 24 hours, carries out nitrogen alloying.Also, in ladle refining station, adjust weak ladle bottom argon gas
Being blown into flow is 30NL/min, carries out soft blow and after calmness 25 minutes, when molten steel overheat is 42 DEG C, ladle is hoisted to pourer
Position.After drainage and thermometric, molten steel steadily pours into 4 under the complete airtight protective condition of micro-positive pressure argon gas (ar pressure 0.4MPa)
In~6 tons of ingot shapes, the large-scale refining slab of 4.8 tons of final solidified Cheng Danzhi.Slab is refined, no longer progress electroslag remelting, directly
The steel ingot used as forging.Before forging after Heating Steel Ingots to 1230 DEG C of heat preservation 10h, jumping-up, the pole for being drawn into diameter 650mm,
The forging ratio 4 of first fire time.6h is kept the temperature with identical heating temperature again, carries out high temperature diffusion annealing, mitigation even is eliminated solidifying
Gu when segregation generate coarse Aliquation carbide.Hereafter, using the roller stock of conventional forging method forming barrel diameter 480mm.When
At 860 DEG C of final forging temperature, roller stock is hung in into water cooling in pond, avoids generating net carbide.Roller stock water cooling in pond after forging
Afterwards, temperature is returned when surface temperature to stablize at 120 DEG C, be quickly hoisted to wait expect in heating furnace, be heated to 940 with set heating curves
DEG C, heat preservation 6h after water quenching.When temperature is returned on roller stock surface to be stablized at 130 DEG C, it is hoisted to wait expect in heating furnace, with set heating curves
It is heated to 740 DEG C, heat preservation 8h, carries out high tempering, nodularization undissolved carbide forms granular pearlite tissue.
In the present embodiment, the internal soundness of roller stock is tested and analyzed according to GB/T 15547-2012.Also, it is taken at riser end
Sample detects macrostructure, mirco structure, the uniformity of hardness of roller stock respectively, evaluates the degree of purity and segregation controlled level of roller stock.
Every testing result of roller stock is as follows:
In the present embodiment, the hardness of each position sampling and testing in roller stock riser end is as follows:
| Test position | Surface | 1/2 radius | Center |
| Average ball hardness number/HBW | 189 | 188 | 193 |
In the present embodiment, the microscopic structure optical photograph at roller stock riser end center, scanned photograph are respectively such as Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 institute
Show.As seen from Figure 1, the microscopic structure at roller stock end center is granular pearlite tissue of the carbide in disperse, tiny distribution.
Fig. 2 then shows about 0.1~0.6 μm of granular pearlite organization internal carbide size range, is distributed visibly homogeneous.
Embodiment 2
It is high-purity, homogeneous rare earth cold roll is as follows with steel alloy material ingredient and its mass percent in the present embodiment:
| Element | Content (mass fraction, wt.%) |
| C | 0.66 |
| Si | 0.45 |
| Mn | 0.22 |
| P | 0.0012 |
| S | 0.0008 |
| Cr | 5.61 |
| Ni | 0.23 |
| Mo | 0.32 |
| V | 0.28 |
| Nb | 0.006 |
| Ti | 0.005 |
| RE | 0.012 |
| N | 0.0180 |
| O | 0.0009 |
| H | 0.00014 |
| Fe | Surplus |
In the present embodiment, high-purity, homogeneous rare earth cold roll steel alloy material preparation method: slightly made steel using electric arc furnaces
Water, liquid steel temperature meet condition, and carbon content, phosphorus content, oxygen content difference [C]=0.12wt.%, [P]=
When 0.002wt.%, T.O=0.031wt.%, arc furnace tapping, and be blended into heavy-duty waste steel, return to material, alloy material etc. contains Cr,
The fusing molten steel of Mo, Ni alloying element is concise to ladle.Using ladle refining furnace, new slag is made, restores thick steel-making water, molten steel middle reaches
From oxygen content 3.8ppm, when sampling total oxygen content T.O=14ppm, it is separately added into containing V, containing Nb or containing alloy materials such as Ti, and
Ingredient and adjustment temperature are finely tuned to meeting the requirements, ladle is hung in into vacuum processing station.It is evacuated to using steam and vacuum tank
20Pa, pressure maintaining 23 minutes reduce H, N content in molten steel by steel ladle bottom argon blowing gas agitating, as hydrogen content H=1.4ppm, break
Ladle is simultaneously hung back refining station by vacuum.In ladle refining station, liquid steel temperature and ingredient are tested.Free oxygen content in molten steel
When 3.2ppm, total oxygen content T.O=10ppm, it is added that high-purity (purity is in 99wt% or more) into high-temperature molten steel at the top of ladle
Mixed rare earth of lanthanum and cerium metal carries out rare earth treatment.It after rare earth treatment, is added, passes through into high-temperature molten steel at the top of ladle
The a small amount of nitrogen-containing alloy of 600 DEG C of bakings for 24 hours, carries out nitrogen alloying.Also, in ladle refining station, adjust weak ladle bottom argon gas
Being blown into flow is 40NL/min, carries out soft blow and after calmness 28 minutes, when molten steel overheat is 38 DEG C, ladle is hoisted to pourer
Position.After drainage and thermometric, molten steel steadily pours into 4 under the complete airtight protective condition of micro-positive pressure argon gas (ar pressure 0.3MPa)
In~6 tons of ingot shapes, the large-scale refining slab of 5.6 tons of final solidified Cheng Danzhi.Slab is refined, no longer progress electroslag remelting, directly
The steel ingot used as forging.Before forging after Heating Steel Ingots to 1230 DEG C of heat preservation 10h, jumping-up, the pole for being drawn into diameter 680mm,
The forging ratio 3 of first fire time.8h is kept the temperature with identical heating temperature again, carries out high temperature diffusion annealing, mitigation even is eliminated solidifying
Gu when segregation generate coarse Aliquation carbide.Hereafter, using the roller stock of conventional forging method forming barrel diameter 510mm.When
At 880 DEG C of final forging temperature, roller stock is hung in into water cooling in pond, avoids generating net carbide.Roller stock water cooling in pond after forging
Afterwards, temperature is returned when surface temperature to stablize at 140 DEG C, be quickly hoisted to wait expect in heating furnace, be heated to 950 with set heating curves
DEG C, heat preservation 5h after water quenching.When temperature is returned on roller stock surface to be stablized at 120 DEG C, it is hoisted to wait expect in heating furnace, with set heating curves
It is heated to 740 DEG C, heat preservation 8h, carries out high tempering, nodularization undissolved carbide forms granular pearlite tissue.
In the present embodiment, the internal soundness of roller stock is tested and analyzed according to GB/T 15547-2012.Also, it is taken at riser end
Sample detects macrostructure, mirco structure, the uniformity of hardness of roller stock respectively, evaluates the degree of purity and segregation controlled level of roller stock.
Every testing result of roller stock is as follows:
In the present embodiment, the hardness of each position sampling and testing in roller stock riser end is as follows:
| Test position | Surface | 1/2 radius | Center |
| Average ball hardness number/HBW | 191 | 189 | 195 |
In the present embodiment, the microscopic structure optical photograph at roller stock riser end center, scanned photograph are respectively such as Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 institute
Show, as seen from Figure 3, the microscopic structure at roller stock end center is granular pearlite tissue of the carbide in disperse, tiny distribution.
Fig. 4 then shows about 0.1~0.52 μm of granular pearlite organization internal carbide size range, is distributed visibly homogeneous.
Embodiment 3
It is high-purity, homogeneous rare earth cold roll is as follows with steel alloy material ingredient and its mass percent in the present embodiment:
| Element | Content (mass fraction, wt.%) |
| C | 0.73 |
| Si | 0.86 |
| Mn | 0.58 |
| P | 0.014 |
| S | 0.010 |
| Cr | 4.33 |
| Ni | 0.12 |
| Mo | 0.18 |
| V | 0.38 |
| Nb | 0.005 |
| Ti | 0.010 |
| RE | 0.0030 |
| N | 0.015 |
| O | 0.0006 |
| H | 0.00011 |
| Fe | Surplus |
In the present embodiment, high-purity, homogeneous rare earth cold roll steel alloy material preparation method: slightly made steel using electric arc furnaces
Water, liquid steel temperature meet condition, and carbon content, phosphorus content, oxygen content difference [C]=0.21wt.%, [P]=
When 0.005wt.%, T.O=0.028wt.%, arc furnace tapping, and be blended into heavy-duty waste steel, return to material, alloy material etc. contains Cr,
The fusing molten steel of Mo, Ni alloying element is concise to ladle.Using ladle refining furnace, new slag is made, restores thick steel-making water, molten steel middle reaches
From oxygen content 3.2ppm, when sampling total oxygen content T.O=11ppm, it is separately added into containing V, containing Nb or containing alloy materials such as Ti, and
Ingredient and adjustment temperature are finely tuned to meeting the requirements, ladle is hung in into vacuum processing station.It is evacuated to using steam and vacuum tank
20Pa, pressure maintaining 26 minutes reduce H, N content in molten steel by steel ladle bottom argon blowing gas agitating, as hydrogen content H=1.1ppm, break
Ladle is simultaneously hung back refining station by vacuum.In ladle refining station, liquid steel temperature and ingredient are tested.Free oxygen content in molten steel
When 2.8ppm, total oxygen content T.O=8ppm, it is added that high-purity (purity is in 99wt% or more) lanthanum into high-temperature molten steel at the top of ladle
Cerium norium carries out rare earth treatment.After rare earth treatment, it is added at the top of ladle into high-temperature molten steel, by 600
DEG C baking a small amount of nitrogen-containing alloy for 24 hours, carries out nitrogen alloying.Also, in ladle refining station, weak ladle bottom argon gas is adjusted to be blown into
Flow is 20NL/min, carries out soft blow and after calmness 22 minutes, when molten steel overheat is 38 DEG C, ladle is hoisted to casting station.
After drainage and thermometric, molten steel steadily pours into 4~6 under the complete airtight protective condition of micro-positive pressure argon gas (ar pressure 0.5MPa)
In ton ingot shape, the large-scale refining slab of 4.3 tons of final solidified Cheng Danzhi.Slab is refined, no longer progress electroslag remelting, directly as
Forge the steel ingot used.Before forging after Heating Steel Ingots to 1230 DEG C of heat preservation 10h, jumping-up, the pole for being drawn into diameter 650mm, first
Fiery forging ratio 5.6h is kept the temperature with identical heating temperature again, high temperature diffusion annealing is carried out, when mitigation even is eliminated solidification
It is segregated the coarse Aliquation carbide generated.Hereafter, using the roller stock of conventional forging method forming barrel diameter 450mm.Work as finish-forging
At 900 DEG C of temperature, roller stock is hung in into water cooling in pond, avoids generating net carbide.Roller stock is in pond after water cooling after forging, when
Surface temperature is returned temperature and is stablized at 150 DEG C, is quickly hoisted to wait expect in heating furnace, is heated to 940 DEG C, heat preservation with set heating curves
Water quenching after 6h.When temperature is returned on roller stock surface to be stablized at 130 DEG C, it is hoisted to wait expect in heating furnace, is heated to set heating curves
740 DEG C, heat preservation 8h, carry out high tempering, and nodularization undissolved carbide forms granular pearlite tissue.
In the present embodiment, the internal soundness of roller stock is tested and analyzed according to GB/T 15547-2012.Also, it is taken at riser end
Sample detects macrostructure, mirco structure, the uniformity of hardness of roller stock respectively, evaluates the degree of purity and segregation controlled level of roller stock.
Every testing result of roller stock is as follows:
In the present embodiment, the hardness of each position sampling and testing in roller stock riser end is as follows:
| Test position | Surface | 1/2 radius | Center |
| Average ball hardness number/HBW | 183 | 186 | 191 |
In the present embodiment, the microscopic structure optical photograph at roller stock riser end center, scanned photograph are respectively such as Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 institute
Show, as seen from Figure 5, the microscopic structure at roller stock end center is granular pearlite tissue of the carbide in disperse, tiny distribution.
Fig. 6 then shows about 0.1~0.50 μm of granular pearlite organization internal carbide size range, is distributed visibly homogeneous.
Embodiment the result shows that, the present invention is designed by optimizing components and the hot-working process such as smelts, is poured, is heat-treated and opened
Hair combines, on the basis of ensuring degree of purity, system solve the problems, such as carbon content it is high, caused by segregation is serious, carbide is coarse,
The high-quality roller stock that degree of purity is high, ingredient is uniform, carbide is tiny is obtained, has a vast market foreground and applies valence with important
Value.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of high-purity, homogeneous rare earth cold roll steel alloy material, which is characterized in that material component mass percent are as follows: C:
0.60~0.90, Si:0.10~0.90, Mn≤0.60, P≤0.020, S≤0.015, Cr:4.00~6.00, Ni≤0.40,
Mo:0.10~0.40, V:0.01~0.40, Nb:0.0001~0.15, Ti:0.0001~0.15, RE:0.0001~0.030,
N:0.0001~0.030, surplus are Fe and inevitable impurity element.
2. high-purity, homogeneous rare earth cold roll steel alloy material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that it is preferred, it adopts
Alloying, C+N=0.70~0.90 are total to C, N；Using high-purity rare-earth alloying, RE=0.003~0.020；Using the micro- conjunction of Ti
Aurification, Ti=0.003~0.010；Using Nb microalloying, Nb=0.05~0.15；Using V microalloying, V=0.05~
0.25。
3. high-purity, homogeneous rare earth cold roll steel alloy material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that high-purity rare-earth
For the lanthanoid metal of total oxygen content T.O≤300ppm, metallic cerium or lanthanum cerium mixed metal, or with this total oxygen content control phase
When rare earth alloy.
4. according to claim 1 to the preparation method of homogeneous rare earth cold roll steel alloy material high-purity described in one of 3,
Be characterized in that, using molding refine, by whole process control it is pure smelt, Prepared by Low Superheat Pouring, homogeneous forging, forging after quenched technology,
Obtain the high-quality roller stock that degree of purity is high, ingredient is uniform, carbide is tiny.
5. high-purity, homogeneous rare earth cold roll steel alloy material preparation method according to claim 4, feature exist
In specifically comprising the following steps:
(1) molten steel slightly refines: it is arranged in pairs or groups using molten iron and steel scrap or high-quality steel scrap is as raw material, it is fluxing by electric arc furnaces oxygen blast
And making foamed slag；When dephosphorization in place, and slightly make steel water in carbon content [C] >=0.02wt%, initial total oxygen content T.O≤
When 400ppm, electric arc furnaces slightly makes steel water tapping；
(2) it ladle refining: melts the heavy-duty waste steel containing Cr, Mo, Ni alloying element in advance by intermediate frequency furnace, return to material or alloy
Material, and intermediate frequency furnace molten steel is blended into thick steel-making water and forms ladle refining initial molten steel, then is made new slag reduction, desulfurization, deoxidation,
When free oxygen content is no more than 5ppm or total oxygen content T.O≤20ppm in molten steel, V, Nb, Ti microalloying are carried out respectively
The alloying of element；When ingredient and temperature meet the requirements, the tapping of ladle refining molten steel；
(3) it is vacuum-treated: entering to be vacuum-treated tank after the tapping of ladle refining molten steel, rapid vacuumizing to the vacuum for being lower than 66.5Pa
Degree, the retention time is more than 15 minutes, after vacuum breaker, as hydrogen content H≤2ppm in molten steel, is hoisted to ladle refining station；
(4) in ladle refining station, liquid steel temperature and ingredient rare earth treatment: are tested；When free oxygen content is no more than in molten steel
5ppm or total oxygen content T.O≤20ppm, at the top of ladle into molten steel be added high pure rare earth metals, high-purity rare-earth alloy or
Person's high-purity rare-earth additive carries out rare earth treatment；
(5) nitrogen alloying: after rare earth treatment, being added at the top of ladle into molten steel, the nitrogen-containing alloy through overbaking, carries out
Nitrogen alloying；
(6) molding casting: when degree of superheat Δ T≤50 DEG C of molten steel, it is hoisted to molding casting station, carries out casting steel ingot；
(7) homogeneous forges: using steel ingot high temperature diffusion annealing processing heating before forging and forging high temperature diffusion annealing processing, passing through height
Temperature diffusion is combined with mechanic diffusion, shortens the high temperature diffusion annealing time, the efficiency that homogenizes is promoted, when mitigation even is eliminated solidification
It is segregated the coarse Aliquation carbide generated；Hereafter, roller stock is shaped using conventional forging method, and with 850 DEG C or more finish-forging temperature
The Cooling Mode of degree, water cooling, avoids net carbide；
(8) quenched after forging: after roller stock finish-forging and rapid cooling, using the modifier treatment of quenching and high tempering, as hot after forging
Processing and its annealing process shorten heat treatment time while refined carbides.
6. high-purity, homogeneous rare earth cold roll steel alloy material preparation method according to claim 5, feature exist
In carrying out soft blow and calm after step (5) nitrogen alloying: by controlling the argon flow that ladle bottom is blown into be 20~
40NL/min promotes bulky grain in molten steel to be mingled with floating, and thus controls liquid steel temperature fall, it is ensured that soft blow and calmness
Time is not less than 10 minutes.
7. high-purity, homogeneous rare earth cold roll steel alloy material preparation method according to claim 5, feature exist
In, in step (6), using local positive pressure argon gas protection when casting, molten steel is isolated atmosphere, the pressure of positive pressure argon gas is 0.1~
0.6MPa。
8. high-purity, homogeneous rare earth cold roll steel alloy material preparation method according to claim 5, feature exist
In in step (7), for Heating Steel Ingots to 1180~1240 DEG C, soaking time is 60~150min/100mm thick before forging, and carries out high temperature
Diffusion annealing processing, and after the first fire time forging deformation, cross section diameter reduce, again with identical heating process, carry out
High temperature diffusion annealing.
9. high-purity, homogeneous rare earth cold roll steel alloy material preparation method according to claim 8, feature exist
In the forging ratio 2~6 of the first fire time.
10. high-purity, homogeneous rare earth cold roll steel alloy material preparation method according to claim 5, feature exist
In in step (8), 900~960 DEG C of hardening heat, soaking time is 60~100min/100mm thick, water quenching；When roller stock surface
When returning temperature no more than 150 DEG C, 700~750 DEG C of high temperings are carried out at once, and soaking time is 150~400min/100mm thick, ball
Change undissolved carbide, forms granular pearlite tissue.
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| CN115109986B (en) * | 2022-07-11 | 2023-10-10 | 中国铁建重工集团股份有限公司 | Large-size electroslag remelting high manganese steel forging stock and manufacturing method thereof |
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