CN106947908B - A kind of method of continuous casting electroslag production 4Cr5MoSiV1 die steels - Google Patents
A kind of method of continuous casting electroslag production 4Cr5MoSiV1 die steels Download PDFInfo
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- CN106947908B CN106947908B CN201710164615.1A CN201710164615A CN106947908B CN 106947908 B CN106947908 B CN 106947908B CN 201710164615 A CN201710164615 A CN 201710164615A CN 106947908 B CN106947908 B CN 106947908B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/16—Remelting metals
- C22B9/18—Electroslag remelting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/24—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
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Abstract
The invention belongs to steel grade production method technical fields, specifically provide a kind of method of continuous casting electroslag production 4Cr5MoSiV1 die steels, include the following steps：Square billet, electroslag remelting, heating rolling, annealing in electric arc furnace smelting molten steel, ladle refining furnace refined molten steel, vacuum degassing furnace refined molten steel, continuous casting 235mm × 265mm, the molten steel composition in the step are controlled by mass percentage as C：0.37~0.43%, Mn：0.30~0.50%, Si：0.90~1.20%, P：＜ 0.025%, S：0.010%th, Cr：4.80~5.50%, Mo：1.20~1.50%, V：0.90~1.10%, Cu：＜ 0.25%, Ni：＜ 0.25%, surplus are iron and inevitable impurity.The present invention uses square billet+electroslag remelting in continuous casting+to roll for forging process, manufacture production 4Cr5MoSiV1 die steels, both every comprehensive mechanical property of 4Cr5MoSiV1 die steels had been ensure that, the lumber recovery of 4Cr5MoSiV1 die steels is improved again, so as to reduce production cost and improving production efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to steel grade production method technical fields, specifically provide a kind of continuous casting electroslag production 4Cr5MoSiV1 moulds
The method of tool steel.
Background technology
Die steel is the important materials in mold processing manufacturing industry, directly affect mold processing, die quality and
Product quality.Have that production efficiency is high, quality is good, saves material and at low cost etc. a series of excellent with mold machine-shaping part
Point, application range are extremely extensive.Hot die steel is a kind of important mold materials, when due to hot-work die being long at high temperature
Between work, with the extension of active time, its tissue will change, performance also can correspondingly change, and therefore, this is just
It is required that hot die steel has good obdurability, cold-heat fatigue property and high high-temp stability etc..
4Cr5MoSiV1 is equivalent in SKD61, ISO in H13, DIN standard in ASTM in 1.2344, JIS standards
The trades mark such as 40CrMoV5 are to can be not only used for hot forged mould, and available for hot-extrusion mold, can be also used for the middle conjunction of die casting
Golden hot die steel.Wherein typical steel grade of the 4Cr5MoSiV1 steel as die steel, obtains in mold processing manufacturing industry
Develop considerablely and widely apply.4Cr5MoSiV1 steel is the middle carbon alloy hot die steel in a kind of 5%Cr systems, big
Amount ground is applied to hot forged mould manufacture field.The 4Cr5MoSiV1 steel has excellent toughness and good cold-heat fatigue property,
It is essentially identical with mechanical performance at room temperature under 600 DEG C of operating conditions, and it is 600 DEG C to be suitable for manufacturing operating temperature, right
Toughness and plasticity all have the mold of high requirement.4Cr5MoSiV1 is developed earliest by the U.S. in the second half in previous generation, due to its tool
There is the features such as very excellent quenching degree and good toughness, wearability are high, thermal fatigue resistance is good, in hot die steel,
The comprehensive performance performance of 4Cr5MoSiV1 steel is very prominent, and therefore, it is received by manufacturer rapidly and become mainstream heat to make
Mould steel, and used successively by each developed country of the world.The key property of 4Cr5MoSiV1 steel is：With high quenching degree and
High toughness；Excellent thermal crack resistant ability has medium wear resistance, and the deformation of heat treatment is small, and medium and high cutting adds
Work, medium anti-decarburization capacity.
Based on above-mentioned steel grade characteristic, all making great efforts to probe into and expand manufacturing method both at home and abroad, to obtain with relatively low
Smelting cost, alloying are most rational, have the 4Cr5MoSiV1 steel of optimal institutional framework and excellent comprehensive performance.At present
The existing production technology of 4Cr5MoSiV1 steel mainly has following 3 kinds：
(1) electric furnace (converter) → external refining → molds → forging → and is heat-treated, and is a kind of mode the most traditional.From 80
Since age, all in this way, it is a kind of more traditional technology pattern to most domestic special steel plant.
(2) electric furnace → external refining → molding → breaking down bar → heat treatment, this production technology use to roll for forger
It is more that skill so that energy consumption reduces, while produces recovery rate and also increase.
(3) electric furnace → external refining → molding → electroslag remelting → is forged → is heat-treated, such technique typically to
Production degree of purity requires higher, consistency, comprehensive performance uniform and the preferable purposes material of degree of segregation, is also current generation
The production widest technological process of high-quality H13 die steels is generally acknowledged in boundary.
But all there are more shortcomings for above-mentioned three productions technique.First, steel ingot is produced by die casting process,
The lumber recovery of 4Cr5MoSiV1 die steels is subject to certain restrictions；Second, 4Cr5MoSiV1 molds are produced by forging method
With steel, although can effectively improve inside steel billet tissue, the production efficiency of forging method is relatively low, and finished product die is used
The dimensional accuracy of steel is not high；3rd, the high-end purposes product of molding+electroslag remelting steel ingot production, production cost is higher.
With the swift and violent growth of the industries such as automobile making, device fabrication, 4Cr5MoSiV1 die steels are applied to civilian neck
The market demand in domain also increases, therefore, it is possible to obtain the 4Cr5MoSiV1 moulds of a kind of high efficiency, high-quality and low cost
Tool steel production technology becomes the direction of the effort for it of associated production enterprise.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of continuous casting electroslag production 4Cr5MoSiV1 die steels
Method uses square billet+electroslag remelting in continuous casting+to roll for forging process, and manufacture production 4Cr5MoSiV1 die steels both ensure that
Every comprehensive mechanical property of 4Cr5MoSiV1 die steels, and the lumber recovery of 4Cr5MoSiV1 die steels is improved, so as to
Reduce production cost and improving production efficiency.
The present invention is achieved in that a kind of method of continuous casting electroslag production 4Cr5MoSiV1 die steels, including as follows
Step：In electric arc furnace smelting molten steel, ladle refining furnace refined molten steel, vacuum degassing furnace refined molten steel, continuous casting 235mm × 265mm
Square billet, electroslag remelting, heating rolling, annealing, the molten steel composition in the step are controlled by mass percentage as C：0.37~
0.43%th, Mn：0.30~0.50%, Si：0.90~1.20%, P：＜ 0.025%, S：0.010%th, Cr：4.80~5.50%,
Mo：1.20~1.50%, V：0.90~1.10%, Cu：＜ 0.25%, Ni：＜ 0.25%, surplus for iron and inevitably it is miscellaneous
Matter.
Further, electric furnace smelting molten steel step is using steel scrap hot metal charging as furnace charge, and by mass percentage, steel scrap accounts for
10~30%, molten iron accounts for 70~90%；With C amounts 1.10~1.30%, dioxygen oxidation, slag, oxidizing temperature are flowed in fierceness boiling automatically
1550~1580 DEG C, decarburization weight 0.25~0.30%, when tapping, C is 0.05~0.25%, P≤0.010%, temperature
1630~1670 DEG C, tapping 1/4~1/3 when add in slag charge, pre-deoxidant, ferroalloy.
Further, C powder, FeSi powder 2~4kg/t deoxidiers, every batch of is added portionwise in ladle refining furnace refined molten steel step
5~10min of interval time；Continue diffusive deoxidation after complete analysis, keep reducing atmosphere to bull ladle, white slag retention time 20min；It is de-
Control composition lower limit C is pressed after oxygen:0.37%th, Mn：0.30%th, Si：0.90%th, Cr：4.80%th, Mo：1.20%th, V：0.90%,
The ferrochrome, molybdenum-iron, vanadium iron of baking are added in, by composition adjustment to target content, i.e. C：0.39%th, Mn：0.40%th, Si：
1.00%th, P：0.015%th, S：0.005%th, Cr：5.05%th, Mo：1.40%th, V：1.00%；Whole-process control argon pressure 0.2~
0.3MPa prevents molten steel is exposed from causing secondary oxidation.
Further, in vacuum degassing furnace refined molten steel step, 1630~1660 DEG C of vacuum outgas furnace temperature, vacuum degree are entered
Reach below 100Pa, 15~25min of retention time；Final deoxidizing after vacuum breaker, feeding CaSi lines 0.5kg/t；Quiet Argon after line feeding
20~30min of time, 0.1~0.3MPa of argon pressure with top of the slag fine motion, subject to molten steel is not exposed, prevent secondary oxidation；Bull ladle
Temperature is controlled at 1560~1570 DEG C.
Further, it is big to wrap 1565~1575 DEG C of the first furnace temperature, even pour 1545~1555 DEG C in continuous casting step, it is intermediate
1515~1525 DEG C, 0.80~0.85m/min of pulling rate, secondary cooling water specific water 0.23L/kg of bag temperature, M-EMS electricity
Flow 400A, end electromagnetic agitation electric current 330A, frequency 8Hz；Total process protective is cast, and crystallizer protecting residue is protected using medium carbon steel
Slag；Strand cutting is using automatic plus by the way of being manually combined, and continuous casting billet red steel is rebasing, upper pressure two stove strands guarantee glacing flatness,
30~40h of soaking time.
Further, in electroslag remelting step, 235mm × 265mm continuous casting billets are fabricated to；Crystallizer size is suitable for reading
630mm × lower mouth 660mm × high 1600mm, crystallizer is suitable for reading to be equipped with argon gas-sealed circle, and makees following key control point：
1) the slag system quantity of slag：Using binary slag, slag ratio CaF2：Al2O3=70%：30%, the quantity of slag：100kg；
2) setting electric current：12500A；Set voltage：61V；
3) the steel ingot type of cooling：The cold 60min of mould, covers cold 48h.
Further, in heating rolling step, heating is heated using corner burner recuperative soaking pit, heating temperature 1230
DEG C, 12~14h of soaking time；It rolls using 800 blooming mills, wherein 650 finishing mills, 1050~1080 DEG C of breaking down temperature,
960~1000 DEG C of tandem rolling temperature reduces mill table cooling water flow, steel is avoided to crack.
Further, in annealing steps, annealing heat-treats are carried out after rolling after 12h is kept the temperature, control annealing temperature
For 870 DEG C, annealing heat preservation 5h, be subsequently cooled to 500 DEG C come out of the stove it is air-cooled.
Compared with prior art, it is an advantage of the current invention that being produced using square billet in continuous casting+electroslag remelting process
4Cr5MoSiV1 die steels have abandoned molding+electro-slag re-melting method used in the prior art, but use side in continuous casting
Base+electroslag remelting+produced with rolling for forging process, is greatly improving the lumber recovery of high-end 4Cr5MoSiV1 die steels and is reducing life
While producing cost, it is ensured that the 4Cr5MoSiV1 die steels obtained are in Composition Control, macrostructure, metallographic structure,
Non-metallic inclusion, microhardness and comprehensive mechanical property etc. are all with using manufactured by existing molding+electroslag remelting process
4Cr5MoSiV1 die steels it is suitable, meet the market demand of 4Cr5MoSiV1 die steels.
It is of the present invention using square billet+electricity in continuous casting compared with prior art production 4Cr5MoSiV1 die steels
The advantages of method of slag remelting processing production 4Cr5MoSiV1 die steels possesses is as follows：
1) every comprehensive mechanical property is excellent；
2) non-metallic inclusion content is low, steel high purity；
3) production technology is implemented simple；
4) rate of steel products produced to steel ingots is high, increases economic efficiency；
5) product quality level is improved.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to
Limit the present invention.
Embodiment,
The actual production step of technical solution manufacture 4Cr5MoSiV1 die steels using the present invention is as follows：
1) electric furnace smelting
44.3t molten iron matches somebody with somebody 6t steel scraps；Slag is flowed in dioxygen oxidation, fierceness boiling automatically, 1578 DEG C of oxidizing temperature, and C is during tapping
0.10%, P 0.005%, other residual elements are qualified, 1673 DEG C of temperature, and when tapping 1/4 adds in slag charge 300kg, pre-deoxidant
Ferro-aluminum 80kg.
2) LF refining
Whole Argon, using active lime 450kg, alumina balls 200kg slag making uses carbon dust, 2~4kg/t of ferrosilicon powder
Powdery deoxidier, every batch of 5~10min of interval time.White slag refines, holding reducing atmosphere to bull ladle, and the white slag retention time is many
In 20min.Deoxidation is well added in the alloys such as ferrochrome, molybdenum-iron, the vanadium iron of baking by control composition lower limit afterwards, by composition adjustment to mesh
Mark.Whole-process control 0.2~0.3MPa of argon pressure, prevents molten steel is exposed from causing secondary oxidation.1665 DEG C of bull ladle temperature.
3) VD vacuum outgas
Enter 1654 DEG C of VD temperature, vacuum degree reaches below 100Pa, retention time 15min.Final deoxidizing after vacuum breaker, feeding
CaSi lines 120m.Quiet argon blowing time 30min, 0.1~0.3MPa of argon pressure after line feeding, with top of the slag fine motion, molten steel is not exposed to be
Standard prevents secondary oxidation.1565 DEG C of bull ladle temperature.
4) continuous casting
Big 1560 DEG C of the first furnace temperature of bag, 1520~1530 DEG C of tundish temperature, pulling rate 0.80m/min, secondary cooling water compares water
Measure 0.23L/kg, M-EMS Current 400A, end electromagnetic agitation electric current 330A, frequency 8Hz.
5) electroslag remelting
Welded side by side as electrode using two section 3.2m long 235mm × 265mm continuous casting billets, before welding by casting billet surface into
Scale on surface is removed in row reconditioning；Using auxiliary electrode by binary slag (CaF2+Al2O3) 100kg fusings, it heats up after fusing
10min switchs to consutrode, and adjusts electric current normal smelting, electric current 12500A, voltage 61V；Electroslag ingot mould is cold after melting
60min covers cold 48h.
6) heating rolling
1230 DEG C of heating temperature, soaking time 14h.1080 DEG C of breaking down temperature, 980 DEG C of finishing temperature；Rolling specs≤Ф
180mm。
7) anneal
Annealing heat-treats are carried out after rolling after 12h is kept the temperature, annealing temperature is 870 DEG C, anneals and keeps the temperature 6h, 500 DEG C
It comes out of the stove air-cooled.
Claims (6)
- A kind of 1. method of continuous casting electroslag production 4Cr5MoSiV1 die steels, which is characterized in that the described method includes following steps Suddenly：Side in electric arc furnace smelting molten steel, ladle refining furnace refined molten steel, vacuum degassing furnace refined molten steel, continuous casting 235mm × 265mm Base, electroslag remelting, heating rolling, annealing, the molten steel composition in the step are controlled by mass percentage as C：0.37~ 0.43%th, Mn：0.30~0.50%, Si：0.90~1.20%, P：＜ 0.025%, S：0.010%th, Cr：4.80~5.50%, Mo：1.20~1.50%, V：0.90~1.10%, Cu：＜ 0.25%, Ni：＜ 0.25%, surplus for iron and inevitably it is miscellaneous Matter；In the electroslag remelting step, 235mm × 265mm continuous casting billets are fabricated to；Crystallizer size is 630mm suitable for reading × lower mouth 660mm × high 1600mm, crystallizer is suitable for reading to be equipped with argon gas-sealed circle, and makees following key control point：1) the slag system quantity of slag：Using binary slag system, slag ratio CaF2：Al2O3=70%：30%, the quantity of slag：100kg；2) setting electric current：12500A；Set voltage：61V；3) the steel ingot type of cooling：The cold 60min of mould, covers cold 48h.The electric arc furnace smelting molten steel step using steel scrap hot metal charging as furnace charge, by mass percentage, steel scrap accounts for 10~ 30%, molten iron accounts for 70~90%；With C amounts 1.10~1.30%, dioxygen oxidation, slag, oxidizing temperature 1550 are flowed in fierceness boiling automatically ~1580 DEG C, decarburization weight 0.25~0.30%, C is 0.05~0.25%, P≤0.010% when tapping, temperature 1630~ 1670 DEG C, tapping 1/4~1/3 when add in slag charge, pre-deoxidant, ferroalloy.
- 2. the method for continuous casting electroslag production 4Cr5MoSiV1 die steels as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the steel C powder, FeSi powder 2~4kg/t deoxidiers, every batch of 5~10min of interval time is added portionwise in bag refining furnace refined molten steel step；Entirely Continue diffusive deoxidation after analysis, keeping reducing atmosphere, the white slag retention time is no less than 20~30min to bull ladle；By control after deoxidation A point lower limit C is made:0.37%th, Mn：0.30%th, Si：0.90%th, Cr：4.80%th, Mo：1.20%th, V：0.90%, add in baking Ferrochrome, molybdenum-iron, vanadium iron, by composition adjustment to target content, i.e. C：0.39%th, Mn：0.40%th, Si：1.00%th, P： 0.015%th, S：0.005%th, Cr：5.05%th, Mo：1.40%th, V：1.00%；Whole-process control 0.2~0.3MPa of argon pressure prevents Only molten steel is exposed causes secondary oxidation.
- 3. the method for continuous casting electroslag production 4Cr5MoSiV1 die steels as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described true In empty degasification furnace refined molten steel step, enter 1630~1660 DEG C of vacuum outgas furnace temperature, vacuum degree reaches below 100Pa, keeps 15~25min of time；Final deoxidizing after vacuum breaker, feeding CaSi lines 0.5kg/t；Quiet 20~30min of argon blowing time, argon gas after line feeding 0.1~0.3MPa of pressure with top of the slag fine motion, subject to molten steel is not exposed, prevents secondary oxidation；The control of bull ladle temperature 1560~ 1570℃。
- 4. the method for continuous casting electroslag production 4Cr5MoSiV1 die steels as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the company It casts in step, big to wrap 1565~1575 DEG C of the first furnace temperature, even pour 1545~1555 DEG C, 1515~1525 DEG C of tundish temperature, 0.80~0.85m/min of pulling rate, secondary cooling water specific water 0.23L/kg, M-EMS Current 400A, end electromagnetic agitation Electric current 330A, frequency 8Hz；Total process protective is cast, and crystallizer protecting residue uses medium carbon steel covering slag；Strand cutting is using automatic Add the mode being manually combined, continuous casting billet red steel is rebasing, and two stove strands of upper pressure ensure glacing flatness, 30~40h of soaking time.
- 5. the method for continuous casting electroslag production 4Cr5MoSiV1 die steels as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described to add In hot rolling step, heating is heated using corner burner recuperative soaking pit, 1230 DEG C of heating temperature, 12~14h of soaking time； It rolls using 800 blooming mills, wherein 650 finishing mills, 1050~1080 DEG C of breaking down temperature, 960~1000 DEG C of tandem rolling temperature, Reduce mill table cooling water flow, steel is avoided to crack.
- 6. the method for continuous casting electroslag production 4Cr5MoSiV1 die steels as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described to move back In fiery step, annealing heat-treats are carried out after 12h is kept the temperature after rolling, control annealing temperature as 870 DEG C, annealing heat preservation 5h, Be subsequently cooled to 500 DEG C come out of the stove it is air-cooled.
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| CN105886699A (en) * | 2016-05-16 | 2016-08-24 | 西宁特殊钢股份有限公司 | Smelting method capable of reducing oxygen content of 4Cr5MoSiV1 steel for hot-working mould |
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