CN103480784B - Method for manufacturing drum forging for centrifugal machine - Google Patents
Method for manufacturing drum forging for centrifugal machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN103480784B CN103480784B CN201310445221.5A CN201310445221A CN103480784B CN 103480784 B CN103480784 B CN 103480784B CN 201310445221 A CN201310445221 A CN 201310445221A CN 103480784 B CN103480784 B CN 103480784B
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- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 56
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009740 moulding (composite fabrication) Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910000885 Dual-phase steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009659 non-destructive testing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for manufacturing a drum forging for a centrifugal machine. The method mainly includes the following steps: (1), blanking and heating; (2), upsetting and rivet-ramming; (3), heating and punching; (4), heating, splitting and reaming; (5), heating, mandrel supporter reaming, heating and mandrel supporter forming; (6), solid solution heat treatment, forming and machining. By the method, forging of a simple rectangular blank is not needed when forging a ring blank, a special-shaped blank closer to a final shape of the forging is forged, deformation quantity of each part of the forging is enabled to be relatively uniform, and generation of internal stress inside a material is avoided, so that generation of cracks and holes is avoided; a reasonable drum forging manufacturing method is adopted, so that the problems that 1.4462 austenitic-ferritic type stainless steel is poor in plasticity and a manufactured centrifugal machine drum forging is prone to deformation and generation of cracks and holes are solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of manufacture method of centrifuge rotary drum forging.
Background technology
1.4462 austenite-ferrite type stainless steels are a kind of two phase stainless steels, when heating, in 700 ~ 900 DEG C, warm area easily separates out brittlement phase б phase, cause heating time cracking and because of this material conducts heat rate low, when low temperature warm-up phase require heating furnace can at 650 DEG C heat-insulating property high, and slowly heat, otherwise Preform surface temperature and core temperature stress greatly, cause crackle when can cause heating.Ferrite content in 1.4462 about 45%, ferrite and austenite plasticity inaccurate coordination, cause this material drag large.The condition of work of the critical component of centrifugal separator---rotary drum part (comprising rotary drum body, rotary drum lid, rotary drum retaining ring etc.) is revolution at a high speed, therefore requires that its material has higher comprehensive mechanical property.If the mechanical property of the stainless steel rotary drum body material of supercentrifuge is bad, then in use can there is suddenly fragility and break.Production technology traditionally, centrifuge rotary drum forging often adopts 1.4462 dual phase steel straight-flanked ring bases to produce.But due to 1.4462 dual phase steel plasticity extreme differences, be easily out of shape, also easily crack and pit, adverse effect is created to the centrifuge quality of forging of transferring shares and use.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of manufacture method of centrifuge rotary drum forging, solve in prior art and easily crack the problem with pit with 1.4462 austenite-ferrite type stainless steels manufacture centrifuge rotary drum forging.
A manufacture method for centrifuge rotary drum forging, is characterized in that: when forging ring base, forging shaped blank, mainly comprises the following steps:
(1) blanking, heating:
By 1.4462 austenite-ferrite type stainless steel blank heating to 395 ~ 405 DEG C of insulation 115 ~ 125min, then be warming up to 595 ~ 605 DEG C of insulation 235 ~ 245min, then be warming up to 1155 ~ 1165 DEG C of insulation 345 ~ 355min;
(2) jumping-up, riveting upsetting:
Jumping-up carries out riveting upsetting after making it distortion 30% ~ 50%, external diameter is made slightly to be with crowning, final forging temperature >=980 DEG C, after jumping-up, blank is positioned over upper and lower anvil with constant slope, the cylindrical corner angle of blank both ends of the surface are contacted with upper and lower anvil, property at parts of edges and corners is out of shape, eliminates distortion dead band, make blank finally form drum type simultaneously;
(3) heating, punching:
Be heated to 1160 DEG C to melt down while hot, insulation 215 ~ 225min, carrying out punching to internal diameter with drift is 40% ~ 50% of external diameter, and swollen hole to internal diameter is 50% ~ 60% of external diameter, final forging temperature >=980 DEG C;
(4) heating, sub-material, reaming:
Be heated to 1160 DEG C to melt down while hot, insulation 115 ~ 125min, carry out sub-material, and reaming to internal diameter is 80% ~ 90% of external diameter, final forging temperature >=980 DEG C with sub-material saddle to blank endoporus;
(5) heating, saddle support reaming, heating, saddle support are shaped:
Be heated to 1160 DEG C to melt down while hot, insulation 115 ~ 125min, carry out saddle support reaming by reaming saddle and frock, saddle support reaming to internal diameter is 90% ~ 95% of external diameter; Final forging temperature >=980 DEG C, then be heated to 1160 DEG C and melt down while hot, insulation 95 ~ 105min, use shaping saddle and frock to carry out the final reaming of saddle support and shaping, final forging temperature >=980 DEG C;
(6) solution heat treatment, shaping, machine add:
1050 DEG C of insulation 335 ~ 345min carry out solution heat treatment, water-cooled, and form in open die forging mode, during shaping, in saddle support reaming procedure, Robot actions is suitable, use metal long cutting tool bar to carry out machine and add.
In described step (1), blank heating is incubated 120min to 400 DEG C, then is warming up to 600 DEG C of insulation 240min, then be warming up to 1160 DEG C of insulation 350min.
In described step (3), temperature retention time is 220min.
In described step (4), temperature retention time is 120min.
Described step (5) is heated to 1160 DEG C to melt down while hot, insulation 120min, and carry out saddle support reaming by reaming saddle and frock, saddle support reaming to internal diameter is 93% of external diameter; Final forging temperature >=980 DEG C, then be heated to 1160 DEG C and melt down while hot, insulation 100min, use shaping saddle and frock to carry out the final reaming of saddle support and shaping, final forging temperature >=980 DEG C.
In described step (6), temperature retention time is 340min.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the no longer simple rectangular bloom of forging when forging ring base, but the shaped blank that forging and forging net shape are more pressed close to.In the stage of initial forging stock, because the sectional dimension of blank is comparatively large, the temperature drop of blank can be lower, now can the more sure ring base of forging at a higher temperature and do not produce too much crackle.In looping mill rolling process subsequently, because the profile of the profile of blank and final forging is comparatively close, so the deflection of each several part is also relatively uniform, material inside is avoided to produce excessive internal stress, thus avoid the generation of crackle and hole, be equipped with rational rotary drum process for manufacturing forging again, effectively solve 1.4462 austenite-ferrite type stainless steel plasticity poor, made centrifuge foundry goods of transferring shares easily is out of shape, cracks the difficult problem with hole.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is flow chart of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the sub-material saddle of sub-material reaming in the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the reaming saddle of saddle support reaming in the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the frock of saddle support reaming in the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the shaping saddle that in the present invention, saddle support is shaping;
Fig. 6 is the profile that in the present invention, final reaming becomes.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to deepen the understanding of the present invention, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further detail, but do not form limiting the scope of the present invention.
The stainless chemical composition of 1.4462 austenite-ferrite type is: C≤0.03, si=1.3 ~ 2.0, Mn=1.3 ~ 2.00, P≤0.035, S≤0.030, Ni=4.50 ~ 5.50, Cr=18.00 ~ 19.50, Mo=2.5 ~ 3.0, N=0.05 ~ 0.12.
As shown in Figure 1, flow process of the present invention comprises 1.4462 austenite-ferrite type stainless steel blank blankings, heating, jumping-up, riveting upsetting, heating, punching, heating, sub-material, reaming, heating, saddle support reaming, heating, saddle support are shaped, and solution heat treatment, shaping, machine add.Be that the 1.4462 austenite-ferrite type stainless steel blanks of Ф 500 × 1020 are to describe manufacture method provided by the invention in detail below with specification.
(1) blanking, heating:
Be the 1.4462 austenite-ferrite type stainless steel blank rounding R30 of Ф 500 × 1020 by specification, be heated to 400 DEG C, insulation 120min, then be warming up to 600 DEG C of insulation 240min, be then warming up to 1160 DEG C of insulation 350min;
(2) jumping-up, riveting upsetting:
Carry out riveting upsetting after jumping-up to H=562mm, make external diameter slightly be with crowning; Final forging temperature >=980 DEG C, after jumping-up, are positioned over upper and lower anvil by blank with constant slope, the cylindrical corner angle of blank both ends of the surface are contacted with upper and lower anvil, is out of shape property at parts of edges and corners, eliminate distortion dead band, make blank finally form drum type simultaneously;
(3) heating, punching:
Be heated to 1160 DEG C to melt down while hot, insulation 220min, use the drift of Ф 200mm to carry out punching, swollen hole is to Ф 280mm; Final forging temperature >=980 DEG C;
(4) heating, sub-material, reaming:
Be heated to 1160 DEG C to melt down while hot, insulation 120min, carry out sub-material, and reaming is to Ф 300mm, final forging temperature >=980 DEG C with the sub-material saddle shown in Fig. 2 to blank endoporus;
(5) heating, saddle support reaming, heating, saddle support are shaped:
Be heated to 1160 DEG C to melt down while hot, insulation 120min, carry out saddle support reaming by the frock shown in the reaming saddle shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, saddle support reaming is to Ф 550mm; Final forging temperature >=980 DEG C, 1160 DEG C melt down while hot, insulation 100min, and use the shaping saddle shown in Fig. 5, and the frock shown in Fig. 4 carries out the final reaming of saddle support and shaping, final profile as Fig. 6, final forging temperature >=980 DEG C;
(6) solution heat treatment, shaping, machine add:
With 1050 DEG C of insulation 340min, water-cooled, this part is shaped piece, radially area of section change greatly, if sub-material is inaccurate during base, forging is by utter failure, and form in open die forging mode, forging concentric reducer size is not necessarily coordinated to put in place, and during shaping, in saddle support reaming procedure, Robot actions is improper, will cause internal diameter indentation, the defect such as folding, cause material to accumulate on internal diameter, internal diameter has wound, cause external diameter misrun, because roughing shape is comparatively dark at internal diameter upper groove, the machine added-time must use metal long cutting tool bar.
The standard such as GB/T10901-2005 " centrifuge performance test methods ", JB/T9095 " centrifuge, seperator smithwelding part conventional Non-Destructive Testing " by reference, after testing, adopt the centrifuge rotary drum forging manufactured by the inventive method, meet the relevant criterion of regulation in JB/T10411-2004 " centrifuge, seperator austenitic steel forging ultrasound detection and quality classification " and GB/T285695-2012 " bowl Strength co-mputation specification "; It is not yielding, not easily cracks and hole, and combination property is better than the rotary drum forging adopting 1.4462 dual phase steel straight-flanked ring bases productions in prior art.The manufacture method of a kind of centrifuge rotary drum forging of the present invention, meets the relevant regulations in JB8525-1997 " centrifuge safety requirements ".Adopt the centrifuge that the present invention's made centrifuge rotary drum forging is produced, its security performance meets the relevant regulations standard in JB8525-1997 " centrifuge safety requirements ".
Embodiment 1
(1) blanking, heating:
By 1.4462 austenite-ferrite type stainless steel blank heating to 395 DEG C of insulation 115min, then be warming up to 595 DEG C of insulation 235min, then be warming up to 1155 DEG C of insulation 345min;
(2) jumping-up, riveting upsetting:
Jumping-up carries out riveting upsetting after making it distortion 30%, external diameter is made slightly to be with crowning, final forging temperature >=980 DEG C, after jumping-up, blank is positioned over upper and lower anvil with constant slope, the cylindrical corner angle of blank both ends of the surface are contacted with upper and lower anvil, property at parts of edges and corners is out of shape, eliminates distortion dead band, make blank finally form drum type simultaneously;
(3) heating, punching:
Be heated to 1160 DEG C to melt down while hot, insulation 215min, carrying out punching to internal diameter with drift is 40% of external diameter, and swollen hole to internal diameter is 50% of external diameter, final forging temperature >=980 DEG C;
(4) heating, sub-material, reaming:
Be heated to 1160 DEG C to melt down while hot, insulation 115, carry out sub-material, and reaming to internal diameter is 80% of external diameter, final forging temperature >=980 DEG C with sub-material saddle to blank endoporus;
(5) heating, saddle support reaming, heating, saddle support are shaped:
Be heated to 1160 DEG C to melt down while hot, insulation 115, carry out saddle support reaming by reaming saddle and frock, saddle support reaming to internal diameter is 90% of external diameter; Final forging temperature >=980 DEG C, then be heated to 1160 DEG C and melt down while hot, insulation 95, use shaping saddle and frock to carry out the final reaming of saddle support and shaping, final forging temperature >=980 DEG C;
(6) solution heat treatment, shaping, machine add:
Carry out solution heat treatment, water-cooled with 1050 DEG C of insulation 335min, form in open die forging mode, during shaping, in saddle support reaming procedure, Robot actions is suitable, uses metal long cutting tool bar to carry out machine and adds.
Embodiment 2
(1) blanking, heating:
By 1.4462 austenite-ferrite type stainless steel blank heating to 405 DEG C of insulation 125min, then be warming up to 605 DEG C of insulation 245min, then be warming up to 1165 DEG C of insulation 355min;
(2) jumping-up, riveting upsetting:
Jumping-up carries out riveting upsetting after making it distortion 50%, external diameter is made slightly to be with crowning, final forging temperature >=980 DEG C, after jumping-up, blank is positioned over upper and lower anvil with constant slope, the cylindrical corner angle of blank both ends of the surface are contacted with upper and lower anvil, property at parts of edges and corners is out of shape, eliminates distortion dead band, make blank finally form drum type simultaneously;
(3) heating, punching:
Be heated to 1160 DEG C to melt down while hot, insulation 225min, carrying out punching to internal diameter with drift is 50% of external diameter, and swollen hole to internal diameter is 60% of external diameter, final forging temperature >=980 DEG C;
(4) heating, sub-material, reaming:
Be heated to 1160 DEG C to melt down while hot, insulation 125min, carry out sub-material, and reaming to internal diameter is 90% of external diameter, final forging temperature >=980 DEG C with sub-material saddle to blank endoporus;
(5) heating, saddle support reaming, heating, saddle support are shaped:
Be heated to 1160 DEG C to melt down while hot, insulation 125min, carry out saddle support reaming by reaming saddle and frock, saddle support reaming to internal diameter is 95% of external diameter; Final forging temperature >=980 DEG C, then be heated to 1160 DEG C and melt down while hot, insulation 105min, use shaping saddle and frock to carry out the final reaming of saddle support and shaping, final forging temperature >=980 DEG C;
(6) solution heat treatment, shaping, machine add:
Carry out solution heat treatment, water-cooled with 1050 DEG C of insulation 345min, form in open die forging mode, during shaping, in saddle support reaming procedure, Robot actions is suitable, uses metal long cutting tool bar to carry out machine and adds.
Embodiment 3
(1) blanking, heating:
By 1.4462 austenite-ferrite type stainless steel blank heating to 400 DEG C of insulation 120min, then be warming up to 600 DEG C of insulation 240min, then be warming up to 1160 DEG C of insulation 350min;
(2) jumping-up, riveting upsetting:
Jumping-up carries out riveting upsetting after making it distortion 40%, external diameter is made slightly to be with crowning, final forging temperature >=980 DEG C, after jumping-up, blank is positioned over upper and lower anvil with constant slope, the cylindrical corner angle of blank both ends of the surface are contacted with upper and lower anvil, property at parts of edges and corners is out of shape, eliminates distortion dead band, make blank finally form drum type simultaneously;
(3) heating, punching:
Be heated to 1160 DEG C to melt down while hot, insulation 220min, carrying out punching to internal diameter with drift is 45% of external diameter, and swollen hole to internal diameter is 55% of external diameter, final forging temperature >=980 DEG C;
(4) heating, sub-material, reaming:
Be heated to 1160 DEG C to melt down while hot, insulation 120min, carry out sub-material, and reaming to internal diameter is 85% of external diameter, final forging temperature >=980 DEG C with sub-material saddle to blank endoporus;
(5) heating, saddle support reaming, heating, saddle support are shaped:
Be heated to 1160 DEG C to melt down while hot, insulation 120min, carry out saddle support reaming by reaming saddle and frock, saddle support reaming to internal diameter is 92.5% of external diameter; Final forging temperature >=980 DEG C, then be heated to 1160 DEG C and melt down while hot, insulation 100min, use shaping saddle and frock to carry out the final reaming of saddle support and shaping, final forging temperature >=980 DEG C;
(6) solution heat treatment, shaping, machine add:
Carry out solution heat treatment, water-cooled with 1050 DEG C of insulation 340min, form in open die forging mode, during shaping, in saddle support reaming procedure, Robot actions is suitable, uses metal long cutting tool bar to carry out machine and adds.
Claims (6)
1. a centrifuge manufacture method for rotary drum forging, is characterized in that: when forging ring base, forging shaped blank, mainly comprises the following steps:
(1) blanking, heating:
By 1.4462 austenite-ferrite type stainless steel blank heating to 395 ~ 405 DEG C of insulation 115 ~ 125min, then be warming up to 595 ~ 605 DEG C of insulation 235 ~ 245min, then be warming up to 1155 ~ 1165 DEG C of insulation 345 ~ 355min;
(2) jumping-up, riveting upsetting:
Jumping-up carries out riveting upsetting after making it distortion 30% ~ 50%, external diameter is made slightly to be with crowning, final forging temperature >=980 DEG C, after jumping-up, blank is positioned over upper and lower anvil with constant slope, the cylindrical corner angle of blank both ends of the surface are contacted with upper and lower anvil, property at parts of edges and corners is out of shape, eliminates distortion dead band, make blank finally form drum type simultaneously;
(3) heating, punching:
Be heated to 1160 DEG C to melt down while hot, insulation 215 ~ 225min, carrying out punching to internal diameter with drift is 40% ~ 50% of external diameter, and swollen hole to internal diameter is 50% ~ 60% of external diameter, final forging temperature >=980 DEG C;
(4) heating, sub-material, reaming:
Be heated to 1160 DEG C to melt down while hot, insulation 115 ~ 125min, carry out sub-material, and reaming to internal diameter is 80% ~ 90% of external diameter, final forging temperature >=980 DEG C with sub-material saddle to blank endoporus;
(5) heating, saddle support reaming, heating, saddle support are shaped:
Be heated to 1160 DEG C to melt down while hot, insulation 115 ~ 125min, carry out saddle support reaming by reaming saddle and frock, saddle support reaming to internal diameter is 90% ~ 95% of external diameter; Final forging temperature >=980 DEG C, then be heated to 1160 DEG C and melt down while hot, insulation 95 ~ 105min, use shaping saddle and frock to carry out the final reaming of saddle support and shaping, final forging temperature >=980 DEG C;
(6) solution heat treatment, shaping, machine add:
1050 DEG C of insulation 335 ~ 345min carry out solution heat treatment, water-cooled, and form in open die forging mode, during shaping, in saddle support reaming procedure, Robot actions is suitable, use metal long cutting tool bar to carry out machine and add.
2. the manufacture method of a kind of centrifuge rotary drum forging according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (1), blank heating is incubated 120min to 400 DEG C, then is warming up to 600 DEG C of insulation 240min, then is warming up to 1160 DEG C of insulation 350min.
3. according to the manufacture method of the arbitrary described a kind of centrifuge rotary drum forging of claim 1 ~ 2, it is characterized in that: in described step (3), temperature retention time is 220min.
4. the manufacture method of a kind of centrifuge rotary drum forging according to claim 3, is characterized in that: in described step (4), temperature retention time is 120min.
5. the manufacture method of a kind of centrifuge rotary drum forging according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described step (5) is heated to 1160 DEG C to melt down while hot, insulation 120min, carry out saddle support reaming by reaming saddle and frock, saddle support reaming to internal diameter is 93% of external diameter; Final forging temperature >=980 DEG C, then be heated to 1160 DEG C and melt down while hot, insulation 100min, use shaping saddle and frock to carry out the final reaming of saddle support and shaping, final forging temperature >=980 DEG C.
6. the manufacture method of a kind of centrifuge rotary drum forging according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (6), temperature retention time is 340min.
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| CN202963336U (en) * | 2012-10-12 | 2013-06-05 | 中航卓越锻造（无锡）有限公司 | Special-shaped ring forging die |
| CN103286248A (en) * | 2013-05-10 | 2013-09-11 | 西安航空动力股份有限公司 | Forging method of 1Cr12Ni3MoVN annular forged piece |
| CN103302462A (en) * | 2013-07-02 | 2013-09-18 | 江苏翔能科技发展有限公司 | Small abnormal-shape combined forging and ring-rolling process |
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