CN106834638A - A kind of manufacture method of steel brake drum - Google Patents
A kind of manufacture method of steel brake drum Download PDFInfo
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- CN106834638A CN106834638A CN201710111906.4A CN201710111906A CN106834638A CN 106834638 A CN106834638 A CN 106834638A CN 201710111906 A CN201710111906 A CN 201710111906A CN 106834638 A CN106834638 A CN 106834638A
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- brake drum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
- C21D1/25—Hardening, combined with annealing between 300 degrees Celsius and 600 degrees Celsius, i.e. heat refining ("Vergüten")
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D65/00—Parts or details
- F16D65/02—Braking members; Mounting thereof
- F16D65/10—Drums for externally- or internally-engaging brakes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2200/00—Materials; Production methods therefor
- F16D2200/0004—Materials; Production methods therefor metallic
- F16D2200/0008—Ferro
- F16D2200/0021—Steel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2250/00—Manufacturing; Assembly
- F16D2250/0038—Surface treatment
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2250/00—Manufacturing; Assembly
- F16D2250/0038—Surface treatment
- F16D2250/0053—Hardening
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of manufacture method of steel brake drum, belong to braking equipment production technical field, comprise the following steps：Semi-finished product are obtained using steel material, then semi-finished product are heat-treated, be finally machined out and obtain product, wherein, the heat-treating methods are：By the semi-finished product heating, be warming up to more than 860 DEG C, then carry out pressure and quench, then be warming up to 470 DEG C 520 DEG C insulation 24 hours after air cooling；The present invention to steel brake drum by the way of overall processing shaping is carried out, then the semi-finished product after shaping are heat-treated, so that resultant metal interior tissue is into martensite, its hardness, intensity and wearability are greatly improved, and yield strength and tensile strength improve more than 30%, the brake drum for obtaining is that an entirety does not have the product of any welding, the defect that welded bands are come is overcome, and due to having lacked the links such as welding, assembly, production cycle shortens more than 50%, cost savings more than 28%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to brakes production technical field, more particularly to a kind of manufacture method of steel brake drum.
Background technology
Brake drum, is also called drum brake, is common one kind in heavy-duty truck brake, for making traveling in
Car deceleration or parking.
The existing material for making brake drum, generally comprises cast iron or bimetallic this two major class.Wherein, cast iron system
The thermal fatigue resistance for moving drum is poor, usually occurs inwall during use and develops into cracking by longitudinal fine fisssure, so that last braking
The phenomenon of drum cracking；Although bi-metal brake drum can partly solve the problems, such as cast iron brake drums, though bimetallic shell
So constituted and will not be ftractureed by steel, but it is still cast iron to be cast on inwall, and water inwall is met in actual condition can still be produced
Cracking, dangerous, reliability is poor.
In order to improve the defect of above-mentioned cast iron brake drums and bi-metal brake drum, present applicant has been applied
Application No. 2016101352098, patent name is the Chinese patent of " a kind of processing technology of low-carbon alloy steel brake drum ", entirely
Portion uses steel alloy as material, and includes blanking, pre-bending, roll bending, welding, bending, flat pier, shaping, Vehicle Processing and brill successively
Hole step, obtains steel brake drum, in the technique, tooling cost aspect, and using hydraulic press, cost is far below centrifugal casting
Or bimetallic manufacturing process, the utilization rate raising more than 30% of the material of the technique, classical production process is much better than, process
The product for coming will not produce any crackle in actual condition, it is ensured that security, the technique manufacturing cost is greatly reduced, and compares cast iron
The preparation cost reduction by more than 30% of brake drum, reduction by more than 50% is even more than the manufacturing cost of bi-metal brake drum.
Although this process increases the quality of brake drum, reducing production cost, in applicant's actual production process
Middle summary finds that it is still present problems with：
First, technique process is excessive, and by the way of splicing, big step just includes nine steps for it, and also comprising some in big step
Small step, such as just turner sequence just has as many as six steps, and production efficiency is still relatively low, and production cost still has the space of reduction；
2nd, as a result of welding sequence, and welding can not the no any weld defect of 100% guarantee, such as day in welding process
Whether moist gas is is easily caused solder flux and makes moist so that weld can produce the defect of internal porosity, so as to influence quality；Again
It is for example in welding process inappropriate due to soldering angle, be easily caused in girth weld occur it is scaling-off not totally so as to cause
Slag inclusion defect；Again due to the fluctuation of outer net voltage for example in welding process, can directly result in welding wire melt it is bad or
Transition is melted so as to influence welding quality；Above mentioned problem is in the experimental stage due to being that single-piece can be carried out to a certain extent in small batches
Control, once into large-scale production process, because blank dimension, angle are inconsistent, weather conversion, variation in voltage, operation
The influence of technical capability of work etc. factor causes the welding quality cannot to ensure that product quality is uncontrollable；
So, it is necessary that existing process is further improved, to solve above-mentioned problem.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is that and provides a kind of manufacture method of new steel brake drum, to solve the above problems.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is such：A kind of manufacture method of steel brake drum, bag
Include following steps：Semi-finished product are obtained using steel material, then semi-finished product are heat-treated, be finally machined out and produced
Product, wherein, the heat-treating methods are：By semi-finished product heating, more than 860 DEG C are warming up to, then carry out pressure and quench, then rise
Temperature to 470 DEG C -520 DEG C insulation 2-4 hours after air cooling.
The present invention will be heat-treated the disposed of in its entirety for steel brake drum first, although the technique patent before the application
It is heat-treated, but is belonging to local heat treatmet, the technique is to carry out welding splicing again after heat treatment has been got well, and its shortcoming is
Welding temperature is too high during by welding assembled, causes the heat affected area tract tissue of weld to there occurs phase transformation so as to cause original heat
The tissue obtained after treatment is lost, and this position is become weak link；Although the operating position of the brake drum of gained
The overwhelming majority still possesses high strength and high hardness, but the failure of steel be exactly often since the most weak link namely before
The heat-affected zone stated starts, so that the quality reduction of product obtained by the technique, so that the reliability of brake drum
Security reduction.
Wherein, the purpose of operation of quenching is pressed, is to be quenched under pressure, to control its shape in quenching process
Become, and the size after heat treatment, if not controlling these two aspects to cause, following process surplus is unstable, shape is irregular, chi
It is very little unstable.So it is also important step in this technique that pressure is quenched.
Then the present invention is carried out by the way of overall processing shaping is carried out to steel brake drum to the semi-finished product after shaping
Heat treatment, so that resultant metal interior tissue is into martensite, its hardness, intensity and wearability are greatly improved, surrender
Intensity and tensile strength improve more than 30%, and operation is greatly decreased compared to existing process, and the brake drum for obtaining is one whole
Body does not have the product of any welding, completely without any weld defect and because the next negative effect such as stress collection of welded bands
In, heat affecting etc., and due to having lacked the links such as welding, assembly, significantly shorten the production cycle, saved cost.
As preferred technical scheme, after machining, louvre is processed in working position.In order to control the brake drum of gained
The too high phenomenon of temperature in real work, to reach the purpose of radiating by way of holes drilled through preferably at operating position,
Further improve the competitive advantage of product.
Used as preferred technical scheme, the steel material is mild steel.Technique of the invention, is particularly suited for various low
Carbon steel material.
Used as further preferred technical scheme, process of semi-finished is obtained includes blanking, annealing and flow-forming step, its
In, the blanking step is that mild steel plate is cutting into a concentric circles；The annealing steps are by the concentric circles plate
850-890 DEG C is warming up to, 4-6 hours is incubated, 210 DEG C -260 DEG C are cooled to the furnace, then opening fire door carries out air cooling, it is ensured that move back
Ensure hardness HB ＜ 160 after fire；The flow-forming step is that the plate after the annealing is carried out into mould pressing, obtains semi-finished product.
Wherein, annealing steps are existing known technology, and control hardness is in order to follow-up rotary pressing processing is prepared, because spinning
Machine is directly processed for wall thickness more than the material of 16 thickness has certain difficulty, so reducing material hardness by annealing, improves
Material deformability is so as to be beneficial to following process.
As preferred technical scheme, when being heated to the semi-finished product, the semi-finished product are integrally heated or right
Operating position part heating in medium frequency.
As preferred technical scheme, when pressure is quenched, carried out in pressure quenches frock.Pressing frock of quenching can ensure to press operation of quenching
It is smoothed out.
Compared with prior art, the advantage of the invention is that：The present invention using steel brake drum is carried out overall processing into
Then semi-finished product after shaping are heat-treated by the mode of shape, so that resultant metal interior tissue is into martensite, its is hard
Degree, intensity and wearability are greatly improved, and yield strength and tensile strength improve more than 30%, and operation is compared to existing
Technique is greatly decreased, and the brake drum for obtaining is that an entirety does not have the product of any welding, completely without any weld defect with
And because welded bands next negative effect such as stress concentration, heat affecting etc., and due to having lacked the links such as welding, assembly, significantly
That spends shortens the production cycle：About 25-30 minutes is averagely taken by a product obtained by assembled welding before, is improved
This technique every flat afterwards is time-consuming to be needed only to 8-12 minutes, and the production cycle shortens more than 50%；Cost is saved：Pass through before
A product cost obtained by assembly welding（So that common heavy truck vehicle person of outstanding talent is fertile as an example）About at 350 yuan or so, and take this work
Skill cost can be controlled in 250 yuan or so, cost savings more than 28%.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the sheet construction schematic diagram obtained after embodiment of the present invention blanking；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the semi-finished product of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 quenches the structural representation of frock for the pressure of the embodiment of the present invention.
In Fig. 3：1st, upper die plate；2nd, upper junction plate；3rd, seaming chuck；4th, knockout pin；5th, product；6th, mandrel；7th, lower template 8,
Lower connecting plate 9, stripper plate.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1：
A kind of manufacture method of steel brake drum, comprises the following steps：
1. blanking：By under steel plate into a concentric circles, as shown in figure 1, the steel plate of the present embodiment is 30CrMo；
2. anneal：Above-mentioned plate is put into annealing furnace, 850 DEG C are warming up to, 5 hours are incubated, 230 DEG C are cooled to the furnace, then beaten
Blow-on door carries out air cooling, and hardness HB=153 is ensured after annealing；
3. spinning：Plate after above-mentioned annealing is put into spinning machine, and to carry out spinning as shown in Figure 2 so as to obtain required semi-finished product；
4. it is heat-treated：By the heating of above-mentioned semi-finished product（Mode of heating can select overall heating or operating position part intermediate frequency adds
Heat）, it is warming up to 880 DEG C and is put into pressure and quenches frock,
It is described to press the structure of frock of quenching as shown in figure 3, including upper die plate 1 and lower template 7, the lower section of upper die plate 1 is provided with connection
Plate 2 and seaming chuck 3, seaming chuck 3 are fixed by screw with upper junction plate 2, and upper junction plate 2 is fixed by screw with upper die plate 1；By
The upper mould of seaming chuck 3, upper die plate 1 and upper junction plate 2 composition is connected by knockout pin 4 with lower mould 7, in order to ensure precision, the demoulding
Bar 4 is with upper die plate 1 and lower template 7 by the way of interference fit；Being equipped with lower template 7 can the free skating on knockout pin 4
Dynamic stripper plate 9, in order to ensure that stripper plate 7 can be slided freely on knockout pin 9, it is desirable to which two planes of stripper plate 7 must put down
Row and can not be excessive with the gap of knockout pin 9；Product 5 is placed on stripper plate 9；Lower connecting plate 8 is consolidated by screw with lower template 7
It is fixed, water channel is provided with inside mandrel 6, directly cooling medium is acted on product 5 when being easy to work, and mandrel 6 is expansion set structure,
Gap is left with product 5 when not working, is conveniently put into and the demoulding, mandrel 6 is fixed by screw with lower connecting plate 8；Should during assembling
Notice that upper and lower mould need to be on same center line；
Temperature needed for product 5 first is heated into technique during work, is then placed in mould, and starting hydraulic press makes mould transport downwards
It is dynamic, because seaming chuck 3 is with tapered, its mandrel 6 can be swollen when it touches mandrel 6, the outer wall of mandrel 6 is close to product
5 inwall, at the same time the internal water channel of the outer wall of product 5 and mandrel 6 start, to the spray cooling medium of whole product 5, to make
Product 5 is lowered the temperature rapidly, reaches quenching purpose；After product cooling is complete, seaming chuck 3 leaves mandrel 6, then hydraulic press knock-pin top
Go out stripper plate 9, stripper plate 9 departs from mandrel 6, then takes out product 5 with product 5；Tempering furnace is put into, 490 DEG C of insulations 2 are warming up to
Air cooling after hour；
5. machine：Using conventional machining；
6. louvre is processed：In order to further improve product competition advantage, the too high phenomenon of temperature in real work is controlled, preferably
Reaching the purpose of radiating by way of holes drilled through at operating position.
Embodiment 2
A kind of manufacture method of steel brake drum, comprises the following steps：
1. blanking：By under steel plate into a concentric circles, as shown in figure 1, the steel plate of the present embodiment is 35CrMoV；
2. anneal：Above-mentioned plate is put into annealing furnace, 890 DEG C are warming up to, 6 hours are incubated, 255 DEG C are cooled to the furnace, then beaten
Blow-on door carries out air cooling, hardness HB=151 after annealing；
3. spinning：Plate after above-mentioned annealing is put into spinning machine, and to carry out spinning as shown in Figure 2 so as to obtain required semi-finished product；
4. it is heat-treated：By the heating of above-mentioned semi-finished product（Mode of heating can select overall heating or operating position part intermediate frequency adds
Heat）, it is warming up to 910 DEG C and is put into pressure and quenches frock, its structure as shown in figure 3, then cooling down the semi-finished product rapidly with quenching liquid, pressure is quenched
Frock and method it is same as Example 1, then by the semi-finished product from pressure quench frock in take out, be put into tempering furnace, be warming up to 510
DEG C insulation 3 hours after air cooling；
5. machine：Using conventional machining；
6. louvre is processed：In order to further improve product competition advantage, the too high phenomenon of temperature in real work is controlled, preferably
Reaching the purpose of radiating by way of holes drilled through at operating position
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not intended to limit the invention, it is all it is of the invention spirit and
Any modification, equivalent and improvement for being made within principle etc., should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of manufacture method of steel brake drum, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：Using steel material be obtained half into
Then semi-finished product are heat-treated by product, are finally machined out and are obtained product, wherein, the heat-treating methods are：By institute
State semi-finished product heating, be warming up to more than 860 DEG C, then carry out pressure and quench, then be warming up to 470 DEG C -520 DEG C insulation 2-4 hour after sky
It is cold.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that after machining, louvre is processed in working position.
3. method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that the steel material is mild steel.
4. method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that process of semi-finished is obtained includes blanking, annealing and spinning
Step, wherein, the blanking step is that mild steel plate is cutting into a concentric circles；The annealing steps are will be described concentric
Plectane material is warming up to 850-890 DEG C, is incubated 4-6 hours, cools to 210 DEG C -260 DEG C with the furnace, and then opening fire door carries out air cooling,
Ensure hardness HB ＜ 160 after ensureing annealing；The flow-forming step is that the plate after the annealing is carried out into mould pressing, obtains half
Finished product.
5. method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that whole to the semi-finished product when being heated to the semi-finished product
Body is heated or to operating position part heating in medium frequency.
6. method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that when pressure is quenched, carried out in pressure quenches frock.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710111906.4A CN106834638B (en) | 2017-02-28 | 2017-02-28 | A kind of manufacturing method of steel brake drum |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710111906.4A CN106834638B (en) | 2017-02-28 | 2017-02-28 | A kind of manufacturing method of steel brake drum |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106834638A true CN106834638A (en) | 2017-06-13 |
| CN106834638B CN106834638B (en) | 2018-12-04 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710111906.4A Expired - Fee Related CN106834638B (en) | 2017-02-28 | 2017-02-28 | A kind of manufacturing method of steel brake drum |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN106834638B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109592335A (en) * | 2019-01-09 | 2019-04-09 | 昆山世度机械科技有限公司 | A kind of belt conveyor line driving roller and its manufacture craft |
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2017
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109592335A (en) * | 2019-01-09 | 2019-04-09 | 昆山世度机械科技有限公司 | A kind of belt conveyor line driving roller and its manufacture craft |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106834638B (en) | 2018-12-04 |
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