CN106831244B - A kind of technology of preparing of the cereal crops ferment organic fertilizer such as rice - Google Patents
A kind of technology of preparing of the cereal crops ferment organic fertilizer such as rice Download PDFInfo
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- CN106831244B CN106831244B CN201710098247.5A CN201710098247A CN106831244B CN 106831244 B CN106831244 B CN 106831244B CN 201710098247 A CN201710098247 A CN 201710098247A CN 106831244 B CN106831244 B CN 106831244B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
- C05F5/006—Waste from chemical processing of material, e.g. diestillation, roasting, cooking
- C05F5/008—Waste from biochemical processing of material, e.g. fermentation, breweries
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/50—Treatments combining two or more different biological or biochemical treatments, e.g. anaerobic and aerobic treatment or vermicomposting and aerobic treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of technology of preparing of the cereal crops ferment organic fertilizer such as rice, category organic agriculture fertilizer field.Its raw material is water, cereal crops stalk, dark red sugar, vinasse, self-control leavening, and each raw material fraction meter by weight, into one time fermentation, secondary fermentation, extracts finished product and byproduct after appropriately combined, pretreatment after product inspection.The product of the present invention is notable to the cereal crops fertilizer efficiency such as rice, grain quality significantly improves, and supplement the nutrient of soil losses, the green circulatory by stalk new after stalk → fertilizer → soil → cereal crops → harvesting of agriculture waste is realized, thoroughly solves to deal with stalk improperly the problems brought.Raw material of the present invention is easy to get, and prepares easily-controllable, and product fertilizer efficiency is notable, there is actual environmental benefit and social benefit.
Description
First, technical field：
A kind of technology of preparing of the cereal crops ferment organic fertilizer such as rice, category organic agriculture fertilizer field.
2nd, background technology：
The ferment organic fertilizer that this technology is produced, be it is a kind of for the cereal crops such as rice play fertilizer efficiency, promote its plant of body growth,
The microbial enzyme of fruit growth.
China's agricultural applies chemical fertilizer for many years, has resulted in soil depletion, soil caking, grain quality and is decreased obviously ....Carry
High grain quality, development organic agriculture fertilizer and ferment organic fertilizer are into the inexorable trend of fertilizer reform.
At present in the ferment organic fertilizer technical field in China, one kind is the technology of preparing of fruit trees and vegetables ferment fertilizer, and major ingredient is
Vegetable waste or fruits and vegetables fermentation (such as application number 201510144870.0 and 201510162424.2), its product ferment fertilizer is to fruits and vegetables
Crop fertilizer efficiency is notable, but not notable to the cereal crops such as rice fertilizer efficiency, and this is for fertile " single sexual function " the characteristic institute of ferment
Determine.Another kind of is the technology of preparing of cereal crops ferment fertilizer, but some is unhygienic, no containing excrement, mud etc. in its major ingredient
Convenient to operate；Some raw materials are complicated, and preparation formality is cumbersome, and straw utilization rate is very low, and real value is little；Some is additionally added urea
With a variety of chemical fertilizer, lose already it is pollution-free, without chemistry addition, green objective ....
In view of the above-mentioned some defects of prior art and deficiency, this technology is " single according to ferment fertilizer uniqueness
The characteristic of sexual function ", the unique leavening of self-control, specially send out rice bar, cornstalk, millet bar, wheat-straw, kaoliang stalk etc.
Ferment.The microorganism species in leavening such as the organic matter in stalk and cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin are made during the fermentation
Under, decomposition and inversion is cereal crops nutrient, the nutrient containing elements such as potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, nitrogen, carbon, iron and amino acid in stalk,
Protein etc. is also separated and separated out, and enters the nutrient that material liquid turns into ferment organic fertilizer.These nutrients are returned by applying fertilizer
To soil and cereal crops, both the nutrient supplemented with soil losses, had played fertilizer efficiency and has improved grain quality again.Be truly realized from
The periodicity green circulatory of new waste straw after the discarded stalk → fertilizer → soil → cereal crops → harvesting of agricultural production.
Thoroughly solve and deal with caused problems improperly to stalk.This technology raw material is easy to get, and making is easily-controllable, and product fertilizer efficiency shows
Write, economic benefit protrudes, and has actual environmental benefit and social benefit.
3rd, the content of the invention：
A kind of technology of preparing of the cereal crops ferment organic fertilizer such as rice provided by the present invention, can effectively be improved barren
Soil, it will be apparent that improve grain quality, thoroughly solve to deal with stalk improperly caused problems, there is important actual ring
Protect benefit and social benefit.The technical scheme that the technology of the present invention is taken is as follows：
1. material combination：(wine brewing is surplus for water, stalk (rice bar, cornstalk, millet bar, wheat-straw, kaoliang stalk etc.), vinasse
Excess), dark red sugar, the unique leavening of self-control.Each raw material fraction by weight is calculated as：Water 1~9, stalk 0.25~2.25, vinasse
0.05~0.45, dark red sugared 0.06~0.54, make unique leavening 0.005~0.045 by oneself.
2. Feedstock treating：Stalk is crushed with vinasse specifically to combine blending and piling, distiller's dried grain is suitably sprayed water, and 20 DEG C~28
Plastic sheeting lid 10~15 days at a temperature of DEG C, therebetween dark red sugar specifically combined with it with water be put into fermenter stir molten normal temperature 10~
15 days.
3. one time fermentation：Powder of straw and vinasse mixture are added in fermenter, the leavening for adding specific number stirs
It is even, stir day and be once capped afterwards, ferment 20~25 days and cover under normal temperature.
4. secondary fermentation：After fermentation 4.5~5 months is covered, centre, which is uncapped one time 30 seconds, takes a breath.
5. product inspection：Liquid pH value in fermenter is tested, if pH value≤4, and the heavy ratio of yeast film weight/raw material on liquid level
During value >=0.5 ‰, that is, show and ferment successfully.
6. extract finished product and byproduct：Yeast film is poured into leavening bucket for leavening, ripe ferment organic fertilizer is used as
Standby with plastic tube sucking-off barrelling lucifuge, byproduct bottom bits can directly make base fertilizer or top dressing from the filtering barrelling of bucket bottom.
1) Weighing method of yeast film is described in：
Take glass to be weighed as Xg, take 200 eye mesh screens to be weighed as Yg；Gradually pull the yeast film in fermenter out with screen cloth,
It is net to drag for dry control, pours into glass；Finally claim glass weight W1g, screen cloth is referred to as W2g together with the yeast film weight adhered to above, then
Yeast film is heavy to be with material weight ratio：(W1-X+W2-Y)/material weight.
The experimental conditions that yeast film proportion influences ferment organic fertilizer effect are as follows：
Two groups of fermenting raw materials of A, B are taken, same to use water 10kg, stalk 2.5kg, vinasse 0.5kg, dark red sugared 0.6kg, leavening
0.05kg.Wherein A groups material fermentation time 5 months, yeast film weight 7.098g, is 0.52 ‰ (ratios with raw material weight 13.65kg ratios
＞ 0.5 is ‰)；B groups material fermentation 3.5 months, yeast film weight 6.1425g, is 0.45 ‰ (ratio ＜ with raw material weight 13.65kg ratios
0.5‰).Each applied fertilizer in 0.2 mu of two pieces of corn field, fertilising strain body growing way see the table below after its seedling all sprouts：
2) the transition cultivation mechanism of the unique leavening of self-control is described in：
A. flora is cultivated：3 liter 10% of glucose culture solution is taken, adds 1kg rice brans yeast and the breast of 100~1,500,000/liter
Sour bacterium, cultivated 48 hours at a temperature of 28 DEG C~30 DEG C.B. transition is raised and train：Above-mentioned culture bacterium is moved into 1kg water and 0.5kg are housed
0.5kg powder of straw (rice bar, millet bar, cornstalk, wheat-straw, kaoliang stalk etc.) is added in dark red sugared reaction container, after 7 days to enter
Row transition is raised and train 2 months.Aerobic flora is gradually to the organic matter in stalk in the microorganism species formed in present invention bucket
Decomposition utilization is carried out, and anaerobies flora gradually decomposes to the cellulose in stalk, hemicellulose, lignin, and convert
For the nutrient of cereal crops.C. increase and raise and train dynamics：The dark red sugar of 3kg water, 0.5kg, 1kg powder of straw are added into reaction container, is added
Raise and train dynamics 2 months greatly.D. the formation of leavening：1kg powder of straw is added into reaction container, is fermented 1 month.Various micro- lifes therebetween
Thing flora caused secretion and utility in the biochemical reaction process carried out to stalk turn into each or mutual
The matrix and raw materials for production of growth, and then formed and Tiny ecosystem system-fermentation that the mutual symbiosis of fermentation is bred is played to stalk
Agent.
3) fermenting mechanism of stalk described in is：
Powder of straw expands under material liquid immersion to relax, and the microbial bacteria in leavening in microorganism species and vinasse is to straw
Various organic matters in stalk carry out decomposition utilization, and the cellulose in stalk, hemicellulose, lignin are decomposed, are converted into grain
The nutrient of crop, the materials such as the nutrient containing elements such as potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, nitrogen, carbon, iron in stalk and protein, amino acid are separated
Precipitation enters material liquid.After dark red sugar changes into glucose in leavening in the presence of invertase, abundance is provided for microorganism
Energy, fermentation of the favourable microorganism to stalk.
Embodiment：
Embodiment 1：A kind of technology of preparing of the cereal crops ferment organic fertilizer such as rice (is used for Kiamusze City of Heilongjiang Province soup
Former 0.2 mu of rice terrace experiment in county)
2.5kg rice bar, cornstalk co-grinding smalls are taken, with 0.5kg vinasse blending and pilings, plastic film covers tightly 20 DEG C~28
15 days at a temperature of DEG C；The dark red sugar of 0.6kg and 10kg water are put into fermenter and stirred evenly 15 days therebetween, then powder of straw and vinasse are mixed
Compound is poured into bucket, is added 0.05kg leavenings and is stirred evenly, day stirring is once capped afterwards.Rear seal-cover ferments 5 months within 25 days.Open therebetween
Lid one time is taken a breath for 30 seconds.The pH value ＜ 4 of liquid in bucket is surveyed, yeast film weight is 7.234g on liquid level, the ratio with raw material weight 13.65kg
It is worth for 0.53 ‰ (ratio ＞ 0.5 ‰), that is, shows and ferment successfully.The yeast film pulled out is put into leavening bucket for leavening is used as,
Finished product ferment organic fertilizer suctions out barrelling with non-toxic plastic pipe and is kept in dark place standby, and byproduct bottom bits filter out standby.In fertilising
0.2 mu of rice dosage 3.6kg (i.e. 18kg/ mus), base fertilizer dosage is 2.1kg/ mus before water inlet, makees top dressing dosage 1.2kg/ after draining
Mu, it is 0.3kg/ mus that strain foliar spray, which spills dosage, and its dilution factor adds after water respectively 4 times, 5 times, 150 times.
The grain of rice that rice is produced in this experiment is smooth, full, and the rice softness made is glossy, sweet and dilitious；Urinated with applying
Plain fertilizer produce rice compared to full grains Du Genggao, glossiness is stronger, mouthfeel is more aromatic, and without any chemical contamination with add into
Point, it is real pure green environmental protection grain.
Embodiment 2：A kind of technology of preparing of the cereal crops ferment organic fertilizer such as rice (is used for Xi'an City, Shanxi Province Gaoling County
1 mu of corn field experiment)
Take 5kg milled powders of cornstalk chopping fine last, and 1kg vinasse blending and pilings, plastic film cover tightly 20 DEG C~28 DEG C at a temperature of 15 days；Its
Between the dark red sugar of 1.2kg and 20kg water are put into fermenter and stirred evenly, the cornstalk powder and vinasse accumulated are mixed after 15 days
Thing is put into bucket, then adds 0.1kg leavenings to stir evenly, and day stirring is once capped afterwards, capping after fermentation in 25 days 5 months.Uncap therebetween
Take a breath within one time 30 seconds.The pH value ＜ 4 of liquid in bucket is surveyed, yeast film weight is 14.796g and raw material weight 27.3kg ratio on liquid level
For 0.54 ‰ (ratio ＞ 0.5 ‰), that is, show and ferment successfully.The yeast film pulled out is put into leavening bucket for leavening is used as, into
Product ferment organic fertilizer suctions out barrelling with non-toxic plastic pipe and is kept in dark place standby, and byproduct bottom bits filter out standby.1 mu in fertilising
Milpa base fertilizer dosage 10kg, top dressing 6kg, spray strain seedling 2kg, and dilution factor adds after water respectively 4 times, 5 times, 200 times.
The full grains that corn is produced in this experiment are bright, and the corn cooked is smooth, aromatic character and agreeable taste, its maize gruel made
Naturally it is sticky, aromatic flavour, easy to digest, it is particularly suitable for patients with gastric disease and eats.Particle is satisfied compared with producing corn using urea fertilizer
Full scale is higher, glossiness is stronger, mouthfeel is more aromatic, is more conducive to digest and assimilate nutritional ingredient, and without any chemical contamination and addition,
It is really pure green grain.
Embodiment 3：A kind of technology of preparing of the cereal crops ferment organic fertilizer such as rice (is used for Heilongjiang Province Nan Cha hydrolysis factory
The contrast experiment of 2 mu of rice terraces)
Rice bar, cornstalk are crushed into 25kg and vinasse 5kg blending and pilings, plastic film cover tightly 20 DEG C~28 DEG C at a temperature of 15
My god；The dark red sugar of 6kg and 100kg water are put into fermenter and stirred evenly therebetween, powder of straw and vinasse mixture are put into bucket after 15 days
In, then adding 0.5kg leavenings to stir evenly, day stirring is once capped afterwards, is covered within 25 days.Material liquid is stirred evenly before capping, is divided into A, B two
Group, wherein：
A groups：Expect 68.25kg, ferment 5 months, yeast film weight 37.537g and the (ratio of raw material weight 68.25kg ratios 0.55 ‰
‰) ＞ 0.5, ferments successfully.It is standby that yeast film is poured into leavening bucket, finished product ferment organic fertilizer is suctioned out with non-toxic plastic suction pipe and filled
Bucket is standby, and bottom bits filter out standby.
B groups：Expect 68.25kg, ferment 3.5 months, yeast film weight 23.887g and raw material weight 68.25kg ratio 0.35 ‰
(ratio ＜ 0.5 ‰), fermentation are unsuccessful.Ferment organic fertilizer is standby with the sucking-off barrelling of non-toxic plastic suction pipe, and yeast film pours into hair
Ferment agent bucket is standby, and bottom bits filter out standby.
By two groups of nutriment in a fertilizer of A, B not with base fertilizer 10.5kg, top dressing 6kg, sprinkling 1.5kg, to be added with dilution factor after water be respectively 4
Again, 5 times, 200 times of influence situations to two pieces of rice terraces fertilisings, its plant of seedling growing way and yeast film proportion to ferment organic fertilizer attribute
It is as shown in the table：
Above-mentioned experiment shows：The ratio of yeast film and raw material weight determines whether fermentation succeeds, and also determines ferment organic fertilizer
Fertilizer efficiency attribute.The successful A groups strain body that ferments is higher, strain seedling is thicker, strain leaf it is dark green it is brighter, yield is higher；Ferment unsuccessful B
Group leader's gesture strain body is relatively short, strain seedling compared with it is thin, strain leaf is green but does not work, yield is not so good as A groups.
The grain of rice that rice is produced in experiment is smooth, full, and the rice softness made is glossy, sweet and dilitious；With using urea
Fertilizer produce rice compared to full grains Du Genggao, glossiness is stronger, mouthfeel is more aromatic, and without any chemical contamination with add into
Point, it is really pure green grain.
The test situation for the cereal crops ferment organic fertilizer that embodiment 1~3 is applied is as described above, product using this technology
Notable to the fertilizer efficiency of the cereal crops such as rice, corn, the quality that cereal crops are produced after significantly improves.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of preparation method of rice cereal crops ferment organic fertilizer, it is characterised in that material combination is：It is water, stalk, dark red
Sugar, vinasse, self-control leavening, it is combined as water 1~9 with each raw material fraction meter by weight, stalk 0.25~2.25, and dark red sugared 0.06
~0.54, vinasse 0.05~0.54, make leavening 0.005~0.045 by oneself；Wherein, the stalk is cereal crops stalk, described
Vinasse are that beer and/or white wine brewage residue；Preparation method is：1) Feedstock treating：Stalk is ground into powder, with vinasse with
Specific to combine the accumulation that is mixed, distiller's dried grain is suitably sprayed water, plastic sheeting lid 10~15 days at a temperature of 20 DEG C~28 DEG C, therebetween dark red sugar
Specifically combine to be put into fermenter with it with water and stir evenly, room temperature 10~15 days；2) one time fermentation：Powder of straw and vinasse are mixed
Compound add fermenter in, the self-control leavening for adding specific number stirs evenly, and stirs day and is once capped afterwards, under normal temperature ferment 20~
Cover within 25 days；3) secondary fermentation：After fermentation 4.5~5 months is covered, centre, which is uncapped one time 30 seconds, takes a breath；4) product inspection：Test
Liquid pH value in fermenter, if pH value≤4, and show fermentation during the ratio >=0.5 ‰ of yeast film weight/raw material weight on liquid level
Success；5) finished product and byproduct are extracted：Ripe ferment organic fertilizer is standby with plastic tube sucking-off barrelling lucifuge, byproduct bottom slag
Son can directly make base fertilizer or top dressing from the filtering barrelling of bucket bottom；It is described self-control leavening preparation technology be：1) flora is cultivated：Take 3
10% glucose culture solution is risen, adds the lactic acid bacteria of 1kg rice brans yeast and 100~1,500,000/liter, in 28 DEG C~30 DEG C temperature
Lower culture 48 hours；2) transition is raised and train：Bacterium immigration will be cultivated above to be equipped with 1kg water and the dark red sugared reaction containers of 0.5kg, 7 days
The stalk added afterwards after 0.5kg crushing carries out transition and raised and train 2 months；3) increase and raise and train dynamics：Added in reaction container 3kg water,
The dark red sugar of 0.5kg, 1kg powder of straw, increasing raise and train dynamics 2 months；4) formation of leavening：1kg stalks are added into reaction container
Powder, ferment 1 month；The proportion measuring method of yeast film in the product inspection step is：1) take glass to be weighed as Xg, take
200 eye mesh screens are weighed as Yg；2) gradually pull the yeast film on liquid level in fermenter out with screen cloth, drag for dry control only, pour into glass
In；3) glass weight W1g is finally claimed, screen cloth is referred to as W2g together with part above yeast film weight, then yeast film proportion is：(W1-X
+ W2-Y)/raw material weight, the raw material weight is the gross weight of water+stalk+vinasse+dark red sugar+leavening.
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| CN112321369A (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2021-02-05 | 合肥官亭林海生态农业示范园有限公司 | Fermentation process of microbial liquid vinasse biological fertilizer |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103755405A (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2014-04-30 | 苏州科大微龙信息技术有限公司 | Ferment organic base fertilizer for rice and preparation method thereof |
| CN104193429A (en) * | 2014-08-20 | 2014-12-10 | 铜陵友思蔬菜种植专业合作社 | Method for fermenting organic fertilizer by straws |
| CN104529573A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-04-22 | 北海万物盛生物技术开发有限公司 | Multi-effect ferment fertilizer prepared from agricultural wastes |
| CN104761301A (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2015-07-08 | 商学芳 | Method for producing an environment-friendly enzyme organic fertilizer |
| CN105272726A (en) * | 2015-10-05 | 2016-01-27 | 童军 | Active microorganism fertilizer production method and product thereof |
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2017
- 2017-02-23 CN CN201710098247.5A patent/CN106831244B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103755405A (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2014-04-30 | 苏州科大微龙信息技术有限公司 | Ferment organic base fertilizer for rice and preparation method thereof |
| CN104193429A (en) * | 2014-08-20 | 2014-12-10 | 铜陵友思蔬菜种植专业合作社 | Method for fermenting organic fertilizer by straws |
| CN104529573A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-04-22 | 北海万物盛生物技术开发有限公司 | Multi-effect ferment fertilizer prepared from agricultural wastes |
| CN104761301A (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2015-07-08 | 商学芳 | Method for producing an environment-friendly enzyme organic fertilizer |
| CN105272726A (en) * | 2015-10-05 | 2016-01-27 | 童军 | Active microorganism fertilizer production method and product thereof |
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