CN106825561A - 联合式添加制造和机加工系统 - Google Patents

联合式添加制造和机加工系统 Download PDF

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CN106825561A
CN106825561A CN201611012093.5A CN201611012093A CN106825561A CN 106825561 A CN106825561 A CN 106825561A CN 201611012093 A CN201611012093 A CN 201611012093A CN 106825561 A CN106825561 A CN 106825561A
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machining system
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B.G.多兹
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General Electric Co
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General Electric Co
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    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P23/00—Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass
    • B23P23/04—Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass for both machining and other metal-working operations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
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    • B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
    • B22F10/25—Direct deposition of metal particles, e.g. direct metal deposition [DMD] or laser engineered net shaping [LENS]
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    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
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    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B23K26/702—Auxiliary equipment
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    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K28/00—Welding or cutting not covered by any of the preceding groups, e.g. electrolytic welding
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    • B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
    • B23Q11/10—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating tools or work
    • B23Q11/1038—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating tools or work using cutting liquids with special characteristics, e.g. flow rate, quality
    • B23Q11/1053—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating tools or work using cutting liquids with special characteristics, e.g. flow rate, quality using the cutting liquid at specially selected temperatures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/205—Means for applying layers
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    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
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    • C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
    • C23C24/02—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of pressure only
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    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
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Abstract

本申请提供联合式添加制造和机加工系统(100)。联合式添加制造和机加工系统(100)可包括外部腔室(270)、定位在外部腔室(270)内的添加制造工具(120)、定位在外部腔室(270)内的机加工工具(180)，以及与机加工工具(180)连通的低温流体源(210)。

Description

联合式添加制造和机加工系统
技术领域
本申请和产生的专利大体涉及制造系统和方法，并且更特别地，涉及用于高品质超合金构件等的联合式添加制造和机加工系统。
背景技术
例如在燃气涡轮发动机等的燃烧系统的热气路径中使用的构件可由耐高温且耐腐蚀性高的超合金材料制成。示例包括镍基合金，诸如铬镍铁合金和其它材料，诸如钛。可铸造这些构件，然后通过机加工来修整这些构件。但是，由于材料的性质，一般在工作中需要冷却机加工工具。实际上，一般可能需要用冷却剂和润滑剂保护机加工工具。
添加制造系统现在可适应不同类型的超合金。添加制造系统可产生非常复杂的三维构件，浪费少。添加制造系统一般需要非常干净的表面，以便避免诸如多孔性等缺陷。但是，机加工工具一般需要冷却剂和润滑剂，而且在使用中可产生灰尘和碎屑。考虑到这一点，典型地可使添加制造系统和机加工工具(特别是以传统方式冷却的工具)保持分开。
发明内容
本申请和产生的专利因而提供一种联合式添加制造和机加工系统。联合式添加制造和机加工系统可包括外部腔室、定位在外部腔室内的添加制造工具、定位在外部腔室内的机加工工具，以及低温流体源，低温流体与机加工工具连通。
本申请和产生的专利进一步提供一种制造和修整构件的方法。方法可包括以下步骤：在腔室内层铺超合金、用能源熔化超合金，以产生构件，以及用腔室内的低温冷却式机加工工具对构件进行机加工。
本申请和产生的专利进一步提供一种用于产生和修整构件的联合式添加制造和机加工系统。联合式添加制造和机加工系统可包括外部腔室、定位在外部腔室内的添加制造工具、定位在外部腔室内的机加工工具、与机加工工具连通的低温流体源、用于定位添加制造工具和/或机加工工具的一个或多个工具往复移送装置，以及用于支承构件的工作台。
技术方案1. 一种联合式添加制造和机加工系统，包括：
外部腔室；
定位在所述外部腔室内的添加制造工具；
定位在所述外部腔室内的机加工工具；以及
与所述机加工工具连通的低温流体源。
技术方案2. 根据技术方案1所述的联合式添加制造和机加工系统，其特征在于，所述添加制造工具包括激光淀积焊接工具。
技术方案3. 根据技术方案1所述的联合式添加制造和机加工系统，其特征在于，所述添加制造工具包括激光器。
技术方案4. 根据技术方案1所述的联合式添加制造和机加工系统，其特征在于，所述添加制造工具包括与金属源连通的喷嘴。
技术方案5. 根据技术方案4所述的联合式添加制造和机加工系统，其特征在于，所述金属源包括金属粉末流或金属线材。
技术方案6. 根据技术方案4所述的联合式添加制造和机加工系统，其特征在于，所述金属源包括超合金。
技术方案7. 根据技术方案1所述的联合式添加制造和机加工系统，其特征在于，所述机加工工具包括工具头。
技术方案8. 根据技术方案7所述的联合式添加制造和机加工系统，其特征在于，所述工具头包括与所述低温流体源连通的冷却喷嘴。
技术方案9. 根据技术方案1所述的联合式添加制造和机加工系统，其特征在于，所述低温流体源包括惰性流体。
技术方案10. 根据技术方案9所述的联合式添加制造和机加工系统，其特征在于，所述惰性流体包括氦或氩。
技术方案11. 根据技术方案1所述的联合式添加制造和机加工系统，其特征在于，所述低温流体源包括氮或二氧化碳。
技术方案12. 根据技术方案1所述的联合式添加制造和机加工系统，其特征在于，所述联合式添加制造和机加工系统进一步包括一个或多个工具往复移送装置，以定位所述添加制造工具和/或所述机加工工具。
技术方案13. 根据技术方案1所述的联合式添加制造和机加工系统，其特征在于，所述联合式添加制造和机加工系统进一步包括工作台。
技术方案14. 根据技术方案13所述的联合式添加制造和机加工系统，其特征在于，所述工作台包括旋转台和/或回旋组件。
技术方案15. 一种制造和修整构件的方法，包括：
在腔室内层铺超合金；
用能源熔化所述超合金，以产生所述构件；以及
用所述腔室内的低温冷却式机加工工具对所述构件进行机加工。
技术方案16. 一种用于产生和修整构件的联合式添加制造和机加工系统，包括：
外部腔室；
定位在所述外部腔室内的添加制造工具；
定位在所述外部腔室内的机加工工具；
与所述机加工工具连通的低温流体源；
一个或多个工具往复移送装置，其用于定位所述添加制造工具和/或所述机加工工具；以及
用于支承所述构件的工作台。
技术方案17. 根据技术方案16所述的联合式添加制造和机加工系统，其特征在于，所述添加制造工具包括激光淀积焊接工具。
技术方案18. 根据技术方案16所述的联合式添加制造和机加工系统，其特征在于，所述添加制造工具包括激光器和与金属源连通的喷嘴。
技术方案19. 根据技术方案16所述的联合式添加制造和机加工系统，其特征在于，所述机加工工具包括工具头和与所述低温流体源连通的冷却喷嘴。
技术方案20. 根据技术方案16所述的联合式添加制造和机加工系统，其特征在于，所述低温流体源包括氦、氩、氮或二氧化碳。
技术方案21. 一种联合式添加制造和机加工系统(100)，包括：
外部腔室(270)；
定位在所述外部腔室(270)内的添加制造工具(120)；
定位在所述外部腔室(270)内的机加工工具(180)；以及
与所述机加工工具(180)连通的低温流体源(210)。
技术方案22. 根据技术方案21所述的联合式添加制造和机加工系统(100)，其特征在于，所述添加制造工具(120)包括激光淀积焊接工具(130)。
技术方案23. 根据技术方案21所述的联合式添加制造和机加工系统(100)，其特征在于，所述添加制造工具(120)包括激光器(170)。
技术方案24. 根据技术方案21所述的联合式添加制造和机加工系统(100)，其特征在于，所述添加制造工具(120)包括与金属源(160)连通的喷嘴(140)。
技术方案25. 根据技术方案24所述的联合式添加制造和机加工系统(100)，其特征在于，所述金属源(160)包括金属粉末流(150)或金属线材。
技术方案26. 根据技术方案24所述的联合式添加制造和机加工系统(100)，其特征在于，所述金属源(160)包括超合金。
技术方案27. 根据技术方案21所述的联合式添加制造和机加工系统(100)，其特征在于，所述机加工工具(180)包括工具头(190)。
技术方案28. 根据技术方案27所述的联合式添加制造和机加工系统(100)，其特征在于，所述工具头(190)包括与所述低温流体源(210)连通的冷却喷嘴(200)。
技术方案29. 根据技术方案21所述的联合式添加制造和机加工系统(100)，其特征在于，所述低温流体源(210)包括惰性流体。
技术方案30. 根据技术方案29所述的联合式添加制造和机加工系统(100)，其特征在于，所述惰性流体包括氦或氩。
技术方案31. 根据技术方案21所述的联合式添加制造和机加工系统(100)，其特征在于，所述低温流体源(210)包括氮或二氧化碳。
技术方案32. 根据技术方案21所述的联合式添加制造和机加工系统(100)，其特征在于，所述联合式添加制造和机加工系统(100)进一步包括一个或多个工具往复移送装置(230)，以定位所述添加制造工具(120)和/或所述机加工工具(180)。
技术方案33. 根据技术方案21所述的联合式添加制造和机加工系统(100)，其特征在于，所述联合式添加制造和机加工系统(100)进一步包括工作台(240)。
技术方案34. 根据技术方案33所述的联合式添加制造和机加工系统(100)，其特征在于，所述工作台(240)包括旋转台(250)和/或搅拌组件(260)。
技术方案35. 一种用于制造和修整构件(110)的方法，包括：
在腔室(270)内层铺超合金；
用能源(170)熔化所述超合金，以产生所述构件(110)；以及
用所述腔室(270)内的低温冷却式机加工工具(180)对所述构件(110)进行机加工。
在审阅结合若干视图和所附权利要求得到的以下详细描述时，本申请和产生的专利的这些和其它特征和改进对本领域普通人员将变得明显。
附图说明
图1是可在本文描述的联合式添加制造和机加工系统的示意图。
图2是图1的联合式添加制造和机加工系统的添加制造工具的示例性喷嘴的示意图。
图3是图1的联合式添加制造和机加工系统的示例性机加工工具的示意图。
部件列表
100联合式添加制造和机加工系统
110构件
120添加制造工具
130激光淀积焊接工具
140喷嘴
150金属粉末流
160金属粉末源
170激光器
180机加工工具
190工具头
200冷却喷嘴
210冷却流体源
220低温流体
230工具往复移送装置
240工作台
250旋转台
260回旋组件
270外部腔室。
具体实施方式
现在参照附图，其中相同标号在若干视图中表示相同元件，图1显示可在本文描述的联合式添加制造和机加工系统100的示例。添加制造和机加工系统100可用来制造构件110。构件110可由超合金或任何适当的材料制成。构件110可为涡轮构件或任何类型的高强度或高温构件等。构件110可具有任何适当的大小、形状或构造。
联合式添加制造和机加工系统100可包括添加制造工具120。在这个示例中，添加制造工具120可为激光淀积焊接工具130。如大体描述和图2中显示的那样，激光淀积焊接工具130可包括喷嘴140，金属粉末流150流过喷嘴140。喷嘴140可与金属粉末源160连通。金属粉末源160可包括任何类型的金属粉末，金属粉末包括超合金等。激光淀积焊接工具130还可使用金属线材等。激光淀积焊接工具130还包括围绕喷嘴140定位的激光器170。激光器170可为例如二极管激光器等。可在本文使用任何类型的适当的激光装置或能量源，它们具有任何适当的大小、形状、构造或容量。激光淀积焊接工具130可通过应用成层的金属粉末流150，然后用激光器170熔化层，来产生构件110。还可使用惰性保护气体/载体气体。可在本文使用其它类型的添加制造工具120和技术。可在本文使用其它构件和其它构造。
联合式添加制造和机加工系统100还可包括机加工工具180。机加工工具180可包括工具头190。工具头190可为传统设计，并且可具有任何适当的大小、形状、构造或容量。工具头190可为空心的，并且其中可包括冷却喷嘴200。冷却喷嘴200可与冷却流体源210连通。冷却流体源210可包括低温流体220或其它类型的冷却流体。低温流体220可为惰性气体等。适当的惰性气体可包括氦、氩等。其它类型的冷却流体可包括氮、二氧化碳等。在工具头190对构件110进行机加工的同时，低温流体220可冷却工具头190。可在本文使用其它构件和其它构造。
联合式添加制造和机加工系统110可包括一个或多个工具往复移送装置230。工具往复移送装置230可允许添加制造工具120和机加工工具180按任何期望方向移动。添加制造工具120和机加工工具180可共用工具往复移送装置230，或者各个工具可具有其本身的往复移送装置230。添加制造工具120和机加工工具180可通过工具往复移送装置230来相互交换。虽然显示了添加制造工具120和机加工工具180定位成彼此相邻，但添加制造工具120和机加工工具180可为独立结构，而且可共同移动或单独移动。工具往复移送装置230可为X-Y移动装置，具有两个或更多个移动轴线。工具往复移送装置230可为传统设计，并且可具有任何适当的大小、形状或构造。可在本文使用其它构件和其它构造。
联合式添加制造和机加工系统100还可包括工作台240。工作台240可在制造和机加工期间将构件110支承在其上。在这个示例中，工作台240可为旋转台250。旋转台250可允许构件110旋转。工作台240还可包括回旋组件260。回旋组件260可允许如期望的那样将构件110定位在两个、三个、四个或五个移动轴线上。工作台240可为传统设计，并且可具有任何适当的大小、形状或构造。可在本文使用其它构件和其它构造。
联合式添加制造和机加工系统100可包括外部腔室270，外部腔室270全部或部分地包围添加制造工具120和机加工工具180。外部腔室270可具有任何适当的大小、形状或构造。外部腔室270可较大程度上是不透气的，以在其中保持低温流体230、其它类型的冷却流体和惰性气体。可通过从低温流体蒸发气体来产生正压力。可用任何便利的方式接近外部腔室270的内部。还可加热或冷却外部腔室270的内部。可在本文使用其它构件和其它构造。
在使用中，联合式添加制造和机加工系统100可通过添加制造工具120来产生构件110。特别地，激光淀积焊接工具130建立一层一层的金属粉末流150，并且然后通过激光器170熔化层。一旦构件110完成且已经变冷，机加工工具180可像期望的那样修整构件110。备选地，添加制造工具120和机加工工具180可互相交换几次，以便产生复杂的内部结构、通道等。工具往复移送装置230和工作台240允许在整个过程中精确地定位构件110和/或工具。使用低温流体220或其它类型的冷却流体容许准确地机加工超合金等。特别地，低温流体220对工具头190提供恰当水平的冷却剂/润滑剂。在蒸发之后，低温流体220可对添加制造工具120和附加过程提供惰性大气。可在本文使用其它构件和其它构造。
应当明显的是，前述仅仅涉及本申请和产生的专利的某些实施例。本领域普通技术人员可作出许多变化和修改，而不偏离由所附权利要求及其等效物所限定的本发明的精神和范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种联合式添加制造和机加工系统(100)，包括：
外部腔室(270)；
定位在所述外部腔室(270)内的添加制造工具(120)；
定位在所述外部腔室(270)内的机加工工具(180)；以及
与所述机加工工具(180)连通的低温流体源(210)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的联合式添加制造和机加工系统(100)，其特征在于，所述添加制造工具(120)包括激光淀积焊接工具(130)。
3.根据权利要求1所述的联合式添加制造和机加工系统(100)，其特征在于，所述添加制造工具(120)包括激光器(170)。
4.根据权利要求1所述的联合式添加制造和机加工系统(100)，其特征在于，所述添加制造工具(120)包括与金属源(160)连通的喷嘴(140)。
5.根据权利要求4所述的联合式添加制造和机加工系统(100)，其特征在于，所述金属源(160)包括金属粉末流(150)或金属线材。
6.根据权利要求4所述的联合式添加制造和机加工系统(100)，其特征在于，所述金属源(160)包括超合金。
7.根据权利要求1所述的联合式添加制造和机加工系统(100)，其特征在于，所述机加工工具(180)包括工具头(190)。
8.根据权利要求7所述的联合式添加制造和机加工系统(100)，其特征在于，所述工具头(190)包括与所述低温流体源(210)连通的冷却喷嘴(200)。
9.根据权利要求1所述的联合式添加制造和机加工系统(100)，其特征在于，所述低温流体源(210)包括惰性流体。
10.根据权利要求9所述的联合式添加制造和机加工系统(100)，其特征在于，所述惰性流体包括氦或氩。
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