WO2020194247A1 - 三维打印产品的自动化定位加工系统 - Google Patents

三维打印产品的自动化定位加工系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020194247A1
WO2020194247A1 PCT/IB2020/052896 IB2020052896W WO2020194247A1 WO 2020194247 A1 WO2020194247 A1 WO 2020194247A1 IB 2020052896 W IB2020052896 W IB 2020052896W WO 2020194247 A1 WO2020194247 A1 WO 2020194247A1
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Prior art keywords
product
processing
processing system
positioning
automatic positioning
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PCT/IB2020/052896
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
丘荣丰
麦思尔
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香港科能有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by 香港科能有限公司 filed Critical 香港科能有限公司
Priority to EP20776364.0A priority Critical patent/EP3838449A4/en
Priority to US17/275,787 priority patent/US20220023987A1/en
Priority to JP2021557233A priority patent/JP2022527271A/ja
Priority to CN202080023654.XA priority patent/CN113905841A/zh
Publication of WO2020194247A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020194247A1/zh

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C1/00Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/045Alloys based on refractory metals
    • C22C1/0458Alloys based on titanium, zirconium or hafnium
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B23Q1/26Movable or adjustable work or tool supports characterised by constructional features relating to the co-operation of relatively movable members; Means for preventing relative movement of such members
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/30Process control
    • B22F10/31Calibration of process steps or apparatus settings, e.g. before or during manufacturing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/60Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up
    • B22F10/66Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up by mechanical means
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/20Cooling means
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33YADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y40/00Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
    • B33Y40/20Post-treatment, e.g. curing, coating or polishing
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C1/00Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/0433Nickel- or cobalt-based alloys
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C1/00Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/045Alloys based on refractory metals
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C33/00Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/02Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F5/00Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
    • B22F2005/005Article surface comprising protrusions
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2999/00Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25Process efficiency

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of manufacturing medical appliances, in particular to a positioning processing system that facilitates the manufacture of medical appliances using three-dimensional printing technology.
  • subsequent processing procedures are required, including support removal, grinding, grinding and polishing, etc., to meet the requirements of use.
  • these subsequent processing procedures are generally not installed on the 3D printing equipment at the same time, and the printed products need to be transferred to the corresponding equipment.
  • these subsequent processing equipment need to position the product and also It is to find the reference point for processing. For products with regular shapes, positioning is easier to achieve. But for products with irregular shapes, such as artificial bones, human implants, surgical tools, etc., it is more difficult to achieve positioning, which affects the processing accuracy of subsequent processing procedures.
  • the present invention provides an automatic positioning and processing system for three-dimensional printed products, so that subsequent processing equipment can accurately position and process products.
  • the automatic positioning and processing system for 3D printed products includes a base set on the product or used to fix the product with reference points for positioning the subsequent processing procedures of the product; the subsequent processing procedures of the 3D printed product are:
  • the processing equipment locates the product through the reference point and performs subsequent processing.
  • the subsequent processing steps include cutting, grinding, grinding and polishing.
  • the reference point is a reference column formed by three-dimensional printing on the surface of the product or the base.
  • the reference column is removed in this process.
  • the reference column is arranged on the convex surface of the product surface.
  • the setting position of the reference column is coaxial with the center of gravity of the product.
  • the processing cooling medium used in the subsequent processing steps is vaporized carbon dioxide sprayed to the product or the tool at a high speed.
  • the material of the product is titanium alloy, cobalt-chromium alloy or stainless steel.
  • the products completed by three-dimensional printing are transferred to the equipment of subsequent processing procedures.
  • the corresponding equipment can quickly process and position the products through the reference points, including the positioning of the three axes of X, Y, and Z, so as to complete the processing procedures and improve the processing accuracy. It is especially suitable for products with irregular shapes, such as artificial bones, human implants, surgical tools, etc., which can help machine automatic positioning to complete the processing of high-precision bio-printed products.
  • the automatic positioning and processing system for three-dimensional printed products includes a base 2 provided on the product 1 or for fixing the product 1 with a reference point 3 for positioning the subsequent processing process of the product 1.
  • a reference point 3 for positioning the subsequent processing process of the product 1.
  • One is the base 2 for 3D printing.
  • the product 1 is installed on the special base 2 first, and then the special base 2 is installed on the machine of the 3D printer.
  • the installation method can be installed with screws or pneumatic valves.
  • the other is to print one or more fiducial points 3 at the appropriate position of the product 1.
  • the reference point 3 can be removed later or left on the print.
  • the processing equipment locates product 1 through reference point 3 and performs subsequent processing.
  • processed metal materials such as titanium alloys, cobalt-chromium alloys, and stainless steel are hard materials.
  • the reference point 3 also uses hard materials, such as metal or high-hardness plastics, which are not easily deformed during use.
  • the reference point 3 is designed as a recessed or protruding part according to the situation.
  • the reference point 3 of the three-dimensional printing base 2 is a concave part, so that the surface of the bottom plate is flat and does not affect the printing process.
  • the reference point 3 on the three-dimensional printed product 1 is a protruding part, such as a reference column formed by three-dimensional printing on the surface of the product 1 or the base 2, which is left to be removed after processing.
  • the base 2 is additionally provided with a fixing device to fix the base 2 to the processing equipment, such as screw grooves and trapezoidal grooves.
  • the base 2 can also be equipped with an air bag and an air suction port, and a pneumatic valve is used to vacuum the base 2 at the air suction port under the base 2 to fix the base 2 to the processing equipment.
  • the reference point 3 of the three-dimensional printed product 1 can be removed or retained on the product 1 during subsequent processing.
  • the support column of product 1 or an external printing reference column can be used as a reference point 3.
  • the reference column may be set on the convex surface of the product 1.
  • the reference column of the three-dimensional printed product 1 may be a square column, a cylinder, or an asymmetric column.
  • a fixture is installed at the end of the mechanical arm of the equipment in the subsequent processing process to fix the reference column, and the shape of the fixture matches the reference column.
  • the reference column is coaxial with the center of gravity of product 1.
  • product 1 with relatively extreme length-to-width ratio or irregular appearance requires more than one reference column to achieve positioning.
  • Subsequent processing procedures The equipment is equipped with two sets of manipulators to fix the base 2 and the reference column of the product component respectively. With another set of manipulators with processing tools, the positioning determined by the manipulator fixing the reference column will be used as the reference and follow the product 1
  • the shape is precisely processed.
  • the actual process can have the following multiple solutions.
  • Solution 1 The manipulator transfers the product component and base plate from the 3D printing equipment to the subsequent processing equipment for precise processing. After completion, the manipulator transfers the product component and base 2 from the subsequent processing equipment to the 3D printing equipment to continue the 3D printing operation. Since each equipment and manipulator have positioning devices and reference columns for positioning, the product components do not need to be repositioned after transfer.
  • Option 2 No need to transfer product components.
  • the manipulator extends from the subsequent processing equipment to the 3D printing equipment to directly process the product components accurately.
  • Scheme 3 Mixed use scheme 1 and scheme 2.
  • the process of removing the reference point/reference column of the base 2 At least two sets of manipulators of the equipment fix the base 2 and reference point/reference column of the product component respectively, and cooperate with another set of manipulators with processing tools to follow the reference point/reference of product 1
  • the column is cut to separate it from the base 2.
  • the manipulator assembles grinding tools, and cooperates with the manipulator connected to the reference column of product 1 to grind, grind and polish the cut surface and other surfaces of product 1. According to the program, according to the drawings and files, polish the printed matter into a smooth arc as needed.
  • the product component is equipped with multiple reference points or reference columns, alternately remove the reference points or reference columns as needed to meet the precise processing and polishing procedures.
  • the robot can cooperate with a custom fixture to fix the other side of product 1 Product 1, the manipulator that originally fixed the reference column releases the reference column, and finally the reference column is cut and removed by the manipulator equipped with a cutting tool.
  • Support design software for 3D printing The design principle sequence of the support design software for metal 3D printing is as follows: first place the product 1 in the ideal position of the 3D printer tool in the middle of processing, and then follow the principle of the most polished surface facing upwards. The position of placing the reference point is based on the least obstructive polished surface. The size of the reference point is designed in proportion to the weight of product 1 and based on the least support for printing and saving printing time.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)
  • Machine Tool Sensing Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)
  • Printing Methods (AREA)

Abstract

一种三维打印产品的自动化定位加工系统,三维打印完成的产品(1)转移到后续加工工序的设备,相应的设备能够快速的通过基准点(3)对产品(1)进行加工定位,包括X、Y、Z三个轴的定位,以便完成加工工序并提高加工的精度,尤其适用于形状不规则的产品(1),如人造骨、人体植入物、手术工具等等,能够有助于机械自动化定位完成高精度的生物打印产品的加工。

Description

三维打印产品的自动化定位加工系统
本发明涉及制造医疗用具的技术领域,具体来说是一种便于用三维打印技术制造医疗用具的定位加工系统。
完成三维打印的金属产品,还需要进行后续的加工程序,包括去除支撑,打磨,研磨及抛光等,以满足使用的要求。而这些后续的加工程序一般不会同时安装在三维打印设备上,需要将打印成型的产品转移到相应的设备进行,为了达到较高的加工精度,这些后续加工的设备需要对产品进行定位,也就是找到加工的基准点。如果对于形状规则的产品,较为容易实现定位。但是对于形状不规则的产品,如人造骨、人体植入物、手术工具等等,就较难实现定位,从而影响到后续加工工序的加工精度。
针对上述现有技术的不足,本发明提供了一种用于三维打印产品的自动化定位加工系统,以便于后续加工设备能够精确对产品进行定位加工。
三维打印产品的自动化定位加工系统,包括设置于产品上或用于固定产品的底座上设有用于对产品后续加工工序进行定位的基准点;三维打印产品的后续加工工序为:
a.将产品或固定有产品的底座安装至加工设备;
b.加工设备通过基准点对产品进行定位并进行后续加工。
其中,所述后续加工工序包括切割、打磨、研磨及抛光。
其中,所述基准点为在产品或底座表面通过三维打印形成的基准柱。
其中,所述基准柱在后续加工工序的最后一道工序进行定位后,该工序将基准柱去除。
其中,所述基准柱设置于产品外表的凸出面。
其中,所述基准柱设置位置与产品的重心同轴。
其中,所述后续加工工序中所使用的加工冷却介质为高速喷射至产品或刀具的气化的二氧化碳。
其中,所述产品的材料为钛合金,钴铬合金或不锈钢。
三维打印完成的产品转移到后续加工工序的设备,相应的设备能够快速的通过基准点对产品进行加工定位,包括X,Y,Z三个轴的定位,以便完成加工工序并提高加工的精度,尤其适用于形状不规则的产品,如人造骨、人体植入物、手术工具等等,能够有助于机械自动化定位完成高精度的生物打印产品的加工。
图1
是本发明的结构示意图;
图2
是三种不同设计的基准柱的示意图;
实施例
参照图1及图2所示,三维打印产品的自动化定位加工系统,包括设置于产品1上或用于固定产品1的底座2上设有用于对产品1后续加工工序进行定位的基准点3。所述用于定位的基准点3有两类,一种是在三维打印的底座2,先将产品1安装在特制底座2上,再将特制底座2安装在三维打印机的机台上。安装方法可用螺丝,或气动阀门安装。另一种是在产品1的合适位置打印一个或多个的基准点3。基准点3可以之后被移除或被保留在打印品上。
在获取到基准点3后金属三维打印产品1的后续加工工序为:
a.将产品1或固定有产品1的底座2安装至加工设备;
b.加工设备通过基准点3对产品1进行定位并进行后续加工。
对于如人造骨、人体植入物、手术工具等,加工金属材料例如钛合金,钴铬合金,不锈钢,乃坚硬的材料。基准点3同样使用坚硬的材料,例如金属或高硬度的塑料,使用时不易变形。
基准点3按情况设计为凹陷或突出的部件。例如,三维打印底座2的基准点3为凹陷的部件,使底板表面平整,不影响打印过程。而三维打印的产品1上的基准点3为突出的部件,如在产品1或底座2表面通过三维打印形成的基准柱,留待完成加工后拆除。
底座2另外还设有固定装置,将底座2固定到加工设备上,如螺丝槽,梯形凹槽。底座2也可以采用气囊和抽气口,使用气动阀门在底座2下的抽气口抽真空底座2使其固定到加工设备上。三维打印的产品1的基准点3可以在后续的加工中被移除或被保留在产品1上。例如产品1的支撑柱或外置的打印基准柱可以作为一个基准点3。为了便于后续加工工序的去除及打磨,则可以将基准柱设置在产品1的凸出面。三维打印的产品1的基准柱可以呈方柱体或圆柱体或不对称的柱体。后续加工工序的设备的机械臂的末端安装夹具固定基准柱,夹具与基准柱的形状相匹配。为减低在加工过程中对产品1所施加外力导致产品1变形的可能性,基准柱与产品1的重心同轴。如产品1的长宽比例相对极端或外型不规则的产品1需用多于一个的基准柱实现定位。
后续的加工工序:设备设有两组机械手分别固定产品组件的底座2和基准柱,配合另外一组带有加工刀具的机械手会以固定基准柱的机械手所确定的定位为基准并循产品1的外形进行精准加工。实际的工序可以有以下多种方案。方案一:机械手将产品组件连底板由三维打印设备转移到后续加工设备进行精准加工,完成后机械手将产品组件连底座2由后续加工设备转移回到三维打印设备继续进行三维打印操作。由于各个设备及机械手都分别有定位装置与基准柱进行定位,产品组件转移后不需要重新定位。方案二:无须转移产品组件。机械手由后续加工设备伸展至三维打印设备直接对产品组件进行精准加工。方案三:混合使用方案一及方案二。
去除底座2的基准点/基准柱的工序:设备的至少两组机械手分别固定产品组件的底座2和基准点/基准柱,配合另外一组带有加工刀具的机械手循产品1的基准点/基准柱切割,将之与底座2分离。
产品1的打磨工序:机械手装配打磨工具,同时与连接产品1基准柱的机械手配合,为产品1的切割面和其他表面进行打磨,研磨和抛光。按程序根据图文件按需要将打印品打磨成光滑弧面。
如产品组件设有多个基准点或基准柱,按需要交替重复去除基准点或基准柱,以满足精确加工和打磨的工序。
若产品1的成品需要保留基准柱,则后续加工程序即为完成。否则,需要去除产品1上最后的基准柱:在如基准柱阻挡了需要打磨的产品1表面,或基准柱需要被切割移除的情况下,机械手可配合定制夹具将产品1的另一侧面固定产品1,原固定基准柱的机械手释放基准柱,最后由装配有切割刀具的机械手将基准柱切割移除。
三维打印的支撑设计软件:金属三维打印的支撑设计软件的设计原则顺序如下:先配合三维打印机刀具中途加工的理想方位摆放产品1,后以最多打磨面朝上为原则。放置基准点的位置以最不阻挡打磨面为本,基准点的大小根据产品1的重量按比例设计并以打印最少支撑和节省打印时间为本。
生物用制品的打磨:现有的金属切削、打磨、抛光等加工一般都需要采用切削液对产品1或刀具进行冷却,但是对于生物制品而言,切削液可能会对生物制品造成污染,为此需要更换合适的介质进行冷却,本发明采用在室温以高压释放低温固态二氧化碳,通过喷嘴向加工部位高速喷射气化二氧化碳作冷却,气化后的二氧化碳不会对生物制品造成任何污染。

Claims (8)

  1. 三维打印产品的自动化定位加工系统,其特征在于:包括设置于产品(1)上或用于固定产品(1)的底座(2)上设有用于对产品(1)后续加工工序进行定位的基准点(3);三维打印产品(1)的后续加工工序为:a.将产品(1)或固定有产品(1)的底座(2)安装至加工设备;b.加工设备通过基准点(3)对产品(1)进行定位并进行后续加工。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的三维打印产品的自动化定位加工系统,其特征在于:所述后续加工工序包括切割、打磨、研磨及抛光。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的三维打印产品的自动化定位加工系统,其特征在于:所述基准点(3)为在产品(1)或底座(2)表面通过三维打印形成的基准柱。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的三维打印产品的自动化定位加工系统,其特征在于:所述基准柱在后续加工工序的最后一道工序进行定位后,该工序将基准柱去除。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的三维打印产品的自动化定位加工系统,其特征在于:所述基准柱设置于产品(1)外表的凸出面。
  6. 根据权利要求3或5所述的维打印产品的自动化定位加工系统,其特征在于:所述基准柱设置位置与产品(1)的重心同轴。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的三维打印产品的自动化定位加工系统,其特征在于:所述后续加工工序中所使用的加工冷却介质为高速喷射至产品(1)或刀具的气化的二氧化碳。
  8. 根据权利要求2所述的三维打印产品的自动化定位加工系统,其特征在于:所述产品(1)的材料为钛合金,钴铬合金或不锈钢。
PCT/IB2020/052896 2019-03-27 2020-03-27 三维打印产品的自动化定位加工系统 WO2020194247A1 (zh)

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EP20776364.0A EP3838449A4 (en) 2019-03-27 2020-03-27 SYSTEM FOR AUTOMATIC POSITIONING AND PROCESSING OF A THREE-DIMENSIONAL PRINTED PRODUCT
US17/275,787 US20220023987A1 (en) 2019-03-27 2020-03-27 Automatic positioning and processing system for three-dimensional printed product
JP2021557233A JP2022527271A (ja) 2019-03-27 2020-03-27 三次元印刷製品の自動位置決め加工システム
CN202080023654.XA CN113905841A (zh) 2019-03-27 2020-03-27 三维打印产品的自动化定位加工系统

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US20220023987A1 (en) 2022-01-27

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