CN106822634B - A medicine containing folium indocalami tessellati or folium indocalami tessellati extract as active ingredient - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a medicine taking indocalamus leaf extract as active ingredient, which is prepared by soaking indocalamus leaf powder in ethanol solution for heating and refluxing; evaporating the obtained filtrate to dryness; dissolving the ethanol extract of indocalamus leaf with water, and extracting with petroleum ether; extracting with chloroform, and evaporating the chloroform extractive solution to obtain extract, i.e. folium Indocalami extract. The folium indocalami tessellati extract can relax pre-contracted mouse tracheal smooth muscle induced by potassium chloride or acetylcholine, and the relaxation effect can reach 97.51%. Therefore, the indocalamus leaf extract or the medicine using the indocalamus leaf extract as an active ingredient can be used for treating, preventing, relieving or improving diseases which can be treated, prevented, relieved or improved by relaxing smooth muscles, or reducing the risk of an individual suffering from the diseases which can be treated, prevented, relieved or improved by relaxing smooth muscles, for example, can be used for treating, preventing, relieving or improving asthma or reducing the risk of the individual suffering from asthma.

Description

A medicine containing folium indocalami tessellati or folium indocalami tessellati extract as active ingredient

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of medicines, relates to indocalamus leaf extract for relaxing and pre-contracting tracheal smooth muscle, and particularly relates to indocalamus leaf extract used for treating, preventing, relieving or improving diseases capable of being treated, prevented, relieved or improved by relaxing smooth muscle.

Background

At present, with the gradual decline of air quality, respiratory tract diseases gradually attract people's attention. There are many diseases of respiratory tract, including upper respiratory tract infectious diseases (common cold, pharyngitis, laryngitis and tonsillitis) and lower respiratory tract infectious diseases (tracheitis, acute and chronic bronchitis, pneumonia and asthma). In addition, chronic obstructive airway disease (COPD), a serious preventive and controlled "5 major chronic non-infectious diseases" released in the country of 4 months in 2016, is a preventable and treatable disease characterized by airflow limitation, including chronic obstructive emphysema and chronic obstructive heart disease. When asthma or COPD patients have disease, the disease is accompanied by abnormal contraction of an airway and airway stenosis, so that the patients cannot breathe normally, thereby threatening the life safety.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a common, preventable and treatable persistent, progressive, incompletely reversible airflow-limited Disease, often accompanied by Chronic inflammatory responses of the airways and lungs to harmful particles or gases. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a common disease and frequently encountered disease seriously harming human health, and the morbidity, disability rate and mortality of the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease tend to increase year by year, thereby causing serious and continuously increased economic and social burden. It is expected that by 2020, the COPD disease burden will rank fifth, the third cause of death worldwide. The etiology and pathogenesis of COPD is not fully understood to date. Smoking is currently considered to be the most important cause of COPD.

Asthma, another disease of the respiratory system, is also of major concern. Asthma, also known as bronchial asthma, is a chronic inflammatory disease of the trachea that is involved by various cells and cell components, and is often accompanied by recurrent symptoms such as wheezing, shortness of breath, chest distress and/or cough. In asthma attack, the trachea is abnormally contracted and cannot be relaxed, so that the patient has difficulty in breathing, and the life of the patient is threatened. In contrast to COPD, asthma is not only not itself easy to completely cure, but it can also cause a variety of other diseases, such as: spontaneous pneumothorax, lung infection, respiratory failure, chronic bronchitis, emphysema, pulmonary heart disease, and the like. Periodic attacks of asthma can cause insomnia, fatigue, decreased physical activity of the patient and seriously affect normal learning. In recent years, with the deterioration of air quality and the frequent appearance of haze weather in China, the prevalence rate and the death rate of asthma are rising year by year, about three hundred million asthma patients exist all over the world at present, about ten million asthma patients exist in China, and asthma becomes a chronic respiratory disease which seriously threatens human health. The current medical level still cannot cure asthma radically, and only can control asthma attack and relieve symptoms of asthma attack through medicines. Because the pathological basis for asthma pathogenesis is chronic inflammation of the trachea, the basic principle for treating asthma is anti-inflammation. Asthma symptoms can be relieved by medicines during asthma attack, and the development of asthma can be controlled by periodic inhalation of steroid medicines. Asthma patients who are easy to relapse must insist on taking medicines regularly for controlling chronic inflammation of tracheas and exacerbation of asthma. The cost of controlling asthma is high from both a patient and social perspective.

Asthma has three important features: enhanced tracheal smooth muscle contractility, Airway HyperReactivity (AHR), and Airway Remodeling (air remodelling). Abnormal contraction of the airway smooth muscle is a major cause of dyspnea in asthmatics. Therefore, the medicine for treating asthma which is safer and more effective can be searched from the aspect of relaxing the smooth muscle of the trachea.

The asthma treatment should adopt comprehensive treatment means including allergen avoidance and other asthma triggers, standardized drug therapy, specific immunotherapy and the like, the drugs for treating asthma can be divided into control drugs and relief drugs, wherein the control drugs refer to drugs which need to be used daily for a long time, the drugs mainly maintain the clinical control of asthma through anti-inflammatory action or relieve asthma symptoms through relaxing tracheal smooth muscle, reducing permeability of microvessels, increasing oscillation of airway epithelial cilia and the like, and the drugs comprise systemic glucocorticoid (short for hormone) inhalation, leukotriene regulator, long-acting β 2-receptor agonist (long-acting β 2-receptor agonist which needs to be used together with inhalation hormone), slow-release theophylline, anti-IgE antibody and the like.

The goal of asthma treatment is to achieve control of asthma, and inhaled glucocorticoids (ICS) are the first choice drugs for long-term control of asthma.^[1]This approach requires the patient to actively inhale the drug on time and has certain side effects, such as: glucocorticoid can inhibit the immune function of the body, and can induce or aggravate infection after long-term administration; the mass application of glucocorticoid for a long time can cause substance metabolism and water-salt metabolism disorder, and adrenocorticoid hyperfunction syndrome appears; hypertension and atherosclerosis may also be induced. Leukotrienes, as the main lipid-soluble inflammatory mediator in the pathophysiological process of asthma, are one of the important targets for asthma treatment.^[2]Leukotriene modulators have also been used in asthma therapy, but are less therapeutically effective than inhaled glucocorticoids. Although there are literature reports that Ch may occur in patients receiving such drug therapyurg-Strauss syndrome, but the causal relationship with leukotriene modulators is not yet established. The biggest disadvantage of drug therapy is that the patients receiving the treatment are easy to generate drug resistance, so that the drug dosage is increased and the efficacy is weakened. And asthma can not be cured and needs to be taken for a long time, so that expensive medical expenses can not be borne by many patients. The theophylline sustained release tablet can be used for treating bronchial asthma and asthmatic bronchitis. Obstructive emphysema, etc., and can relieve asthma symptoms of patients. However, the theophylline sustained release formulation is not suitable for patients with persistent asthma or acute bronchospasm attacks. The safe range of the effective blood concentration of theophylline is narrow, and poisoning is easy to occur. It has been found that aminophylline blood concentration of more than 20 μ g/mL may cause adverse reactions such as increased heart rate, nausea, vomiting, etc.^[3]

If natural plants are selected and effective components are extracted from the plants, the tracheal smooth muscle can be relaxed, the price is low, and the toxic and side effects are small, the effective components are expected to be developed into high-efficiency medicaments for treating asthma, COPD and the like which can be treated by relaxing the smooth muscle.

Indocalamus leaf, commonly called rice dumpling leaf, Latin's chemical name: common Aspidistra, a perennial evergreen herb, has thick rhizomes in the underground part, petioles growing directly from the underground stem, one stalk and one leaf, and leaves with straight and slender petioles are pulled out, so that the Common Aspidistra is named as Yiyelan. The plant is mainly distributed in the southern provinces of Yangtze river, is widely used in China, and can be used for processing and manufacturing Indocalamus bamboo wine, feed, paper making, extracting polysaccharide and the like.

Currently, research aiming at indocalamus leaves is limited to the extraction related aspects of indocalamus leaf monosaccharides, polysaccharides and derivatives thereof and total flavonoids. Furthermore, the research on treating the diseases such as asthma by utilizing the indocalamus leaf or the extract thereof to relax the tracheal smooth muscle has not been reported at home and abroad.

Reference documents:

[1] bronchial asthma prevention and treatment guidelines (definitions, diagnosis, treatment and management of bronchial asthma) [ J ]. china tuberculosis and journal of respiration, 2008,31 (3): 177-185.

[2]Peter-Golden M,Henderson Jr WR.Leukotrienes[J].N Engl J Med,2007,357(18):1841-1854.

[3] Yuan Chun, Yanglijun, Dengyin, et al blood concentration monitoring and efficacy analysis of aminophylline in the treatment of bronchial asthma [ J ] medical clinical research, 2007,24(10): 1807-.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the defects of the prior art, through a large number of experiments, the inventor of the present invention found that indocalamus leaf extract can relax pre-contracted mouse tracheal smooth muscle induced by potassium chloride or acetylcholine, and further, the present invention provides a drug for relaxing smooth muscle, treating, preventing, alleviating or improving individual diseases that can be treated, prevented, alleviated or improved by relaxing smooth muscle, or reducing the risk that an individual suffers from diseases that can be treated, prevented, alleviated or improved by relaxing smooth muscle, wherein the drug uses indocalamus leaf, other parts of indocalamus leaf plant or mixture of different parts of indocalamus leaf plant as medicinal material, indocalamus leaf extract as active ingredient, or indocalamus leaf extract as only active ingredient.

In some embodiments, the smooth muscle is tracheal smooth muscle.

In some embodiments, the smooth muscle is human tracheal smooth muscle or mouse tracheal smooth muscle.

In some embodiments, the individual is a human.

In some embodiments, the disease is selected from: asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COPD.

In some embodiments, the indocalamus leaf extract is a chloroform extract of indocalamus leaf.

In some embodiments, the indocalamus leaf extract is extracted as follows:

soaking indocalamus leaf powder in ethanol solution, and heating and refluxing;

evaporating the obtained filtrate to dryness to obtain ethanol extract of folium indocalami tessellati;

dissolving the ethanol extract of the indocalamus leaf by water, and extracting by using petroleum ether;

extracting with chloroform, and evaporating the chloroform extractive solution to obtain folium Indocalami extract.

In some embodiments, the indocalamus leaf extract is extracted as follows:

pulverizing dry folium indocalami tessellati into powder;

soaking the obtained Indocalamus leaf powder in 80-90% ethanol solution at 70-90 deg.C under reflux for 1-5 hr at a ratio of 1: 15-25;

collecting the obtained filtrate, and evaporating the collected filtrate to dryness to obtain an ethanol extract of indocalamus leaves;

dissolving the ethanol extract of Indocalamus leaf with water, and extracting with petroleum ether for 1-5 times;

extracting with chloroform for 1-5 times, and evaporating the chloroform extractive solution to obtain extract.

In some embodiments, the indocalamus leaf extract is extracted as follows:

pulverizing dry folium indocalami tessellati into powder with a traditional Chinese medicine pulverizer;

soaking 250g of the obtained Indocalamus leaf powder in 5L of 85% ethanol solution, and refluxing at 85 deg.C for 3 hr;

collecting the obtained filtrate, and evaporating to dryness with rotary evaporator to obtain Indocalamus leaf ethanol extract;

dissolving the ethanol extract of indocalamus leaf with appropriate amount of ultrapure water, and extracting with petroleum ether for 3 times, 300mL each time;

extracting with chloroform for 3 times (300 mL each time), evaporating the chloroform extractive solution with rotary evaporator to obtain extract, and obtaining folium Indocalami tessellati extract.

The invention also provides an extraction method of the indocalamus leaf extract, which comprises the following steps:

pulverizing dry folium indocalami tessellati into powder;

soaking the obtained Indocalamus leaf powder in 80-90% ethanol solution at 70-90 deg.C under reflux for 1-5 hr at a ratio of 1: 15-25;

collecting the obtained filtrate, and evaporating the collected filtrate to dryness to obtain an ethanol extract of indocalamus leaves;

dissolving the ethanol extract of Indocalamus leaf with water, and extracting with petroleum ether for 1-5 times;

extracting with chloroform for 1-5 times, and evaporating the chloroform extractive solution to obtain extract.

In some embodiments, the indocalamus leaf extract is extracted as follows:

pulverizing dry folium indocalami tessellati into powder with a traditional Chinese medicine pulverizer;

soaking 250g of the obtained Indocalamus leaf powder in 5L of 85% ethanol solution, and refluxing at 85 deg.C for 3 hr;

mixing the obtained filtrates, evaporating to dryness with rotary evaporator to obtain Indocalamus leaf ethanol extract;

dissolving the ethanol extract of indocalamus leaf with appropriate amount of ultrapure water, and extracting with petroleum ether for 3 times, 300mL each time;

extracting with chloroform for 3 times (300 mL each time), evaporating the chloroform extractive solution with rotary evaporator to obtain extract, and obtaining folium Indocalami tessellati extract.

In the absence of technical obstacles, the above-described features may be combined.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: through the detection of the tension of isolated tracheal ring muscle of an experimental mouse, the indocalamus leaf extract has the efficient effect of relaxing tracheal smooth muscle, and is expected to be applied to relieving the symptom of airway obstruction of asthma patients during attack.

The natural plants are selected to extract effective components from the plants, so that the tracheal smooth muscle can be relaxed, the price is low, the toxic and side effects are small, and the natural plant extract is expected to be developed into a high-efficiency medicine for treating asthma, COPD and the like through relaxing the smooth muscle.

Drawings

Fig. 1 shows the high potassium induced pre-contraction of tracheal smooth muscle by indocalamus leaf extract relaxation.

Figure 2 shows the effect of DMSO on high potassium-induced pre-contracted tracheal smooth muscle.

Fig. 3 shows the acetylcholine-relaxation-induced pre-contraction of tracheal smooth muscle by indocalamus leaf extract.

Detailed Description

In order to better explain the technical scheme of the invention, the following detailed description of the embodiment of the invention is combined with the accompanying drawings. The following examples are intended to further illustrate the invention but should not be construed as being limitations or restrictive thereon. Unless otherwise specified, technical features used in the embodiments may be replaced with other technical features known in the art having equivalent or similar functions or effects without departing from the inventive concept.

1. Indocalamus leaf component extraction

Drying fresh Indocalamus leaf (produced in Hubei Lichuan) directly, and pulverizing into powder with a Chinese medicinal pulverizer. Soaking 250g of the obtained indocalamus leaf powder in 5L of 85% ethanol solution at a material-liquid ratio of 1:20, and refluxing at 85 ℃ for 3 hours. Collecting the obtained filtrate, and evaporating to dryness with rotary evaporator to obtain Indocalamus leaf ethanol extract. Dissolving folium indocalami tessellati ethanol extract with appropriate amount of ultrapure water, extracting with petroleum ether for 3 times (300 mL each time) to remove undesirable substances such as pigment and oil. And extracting with chloroform for 3 times (300 mL each time), and evaporating the chloroform extract to dryness with rotary evaporator to obtain extract, which is about 0.32% of the dry weight of the raw materials. To obtain the indocalamus leaf extract. Indocalamus leaf extract was dissolved in 10% DMSO (10% DMSO diluted with PSS solution) for the experimental examination of the relaxation of airway smooth muscle. Wherein 100mg of Indocalamus leaf extract is weighed and dissolved in 1mL of 10% DMSO to obtain 100mg/mL Indocalamus leaf extract mother liquor used for experiments.

2. In vitro isolation of mouse trachea

Male adult BALB/c mice were sacrificed by cervical dislocation, the mice were fixed on a dissecting plate with the abdomen facing upwards, the thoracic cavity was cut open to expose the heart and lung tissue, a whole section of tissue from the laryngeal prominence to the lung was removed after removing the heart, and the removed tissue was immediately soaked in PSS solution (NaCl 135mM, KCl 5mM, MgCl)₂1mM，CaCl₂2mM HEPES 10mM Glucose 10mM pH 7.4 with NaOH), and then the removed tissue was transferred to a gel plate for further separation. Connective tissue around the trachea and residual blood in the lumen were carefully removed under a stereomicroscope using a Venus scissors, and a main tracheal ring of about 5-7mm was isolated.

3. Indocalamus leaf extract pre-contraction experiment for relaxing high-potassium induced tracheal smooth muscle

Measuring the tension of isolated mouse tracheal smooth muscle by using an HV-4 type isolated tissue organ constant temperature perfusion system, cutting the mouse trachea into trachea rings with the length of about 5mm, connecting the trachea rings with a hook, carefully connecting a tension transducer (JH-2 type), and placing the mice into a constant temperature water bath groove with the temperature of 37 ℃ and the inside of which is provided with 6mL of PSS and is continuously aerated with oxygen. The preload was adjusted to 300mg and equilibration commenced. During the equilibration period, the solution was changed 1 time every 15min, and 4 times in total. After the balance is finished, pre-stimulation is carried out by using 80mM high potassium solution (H-K, the component is potassium chloride), after tissue activity is fully stimulated, the stimulating substance potassium chloride is eluted by replacing a new PSS solution until the tension is restored to the baseline. The test can be started after 30 min. The stimulation was performed again using 80mM high potassium (H-K) solution, and then the mother solution of Indocalamus leaf extract dissolved in 10% DMSO was added according to the concentration gradient so that the concentration gradient of Indocalamus leaf extract in the test system was 0.1mg/mL, 0.5mg/mL, 1mg/mL, 1.5mg/mL, 2mg/mL, 2.5mg/mL, 3mg/mL, and the change with time was shown in Table 1. The relaxation of the preshrinked tracheal rings by Indocalamus leaf extract was observed.

The principle of other steps is the same as the above experiment by taking DMSO in which indocalamus leaf extract is not dissolved as a control experiment. The mother liquor used in the above experiments was a 10% DMSO solution containing 100mg/mL Indocalamus leaf extract, and the maximum value in the concentration gradient was 3mg/mL Indocalamus leaf extract, which corresponds to about 0.3% DMSO. The effect of the maximum concentration, i.e., 0.3% DMSO, on the relaxation of tracheal smooth muscle in mice preshrunk with potassium chloride was examined and the results are shown in fig. 2.

The results are shown in figure 1, see left panel, showing that isolated mouse trachea rings undergo stable and continuous pre-contraction in 80mM high potassium solution, and the tension of the contracted trachea rings is gradually reduced after the concentration-dependent addition of Indocalamus leaf extract until the level is reduced to the baseline level before contraction. The change of the percentage of indocalamus leaf extract in relaxing potassium chloride pre-contracted tracheal smooth muscle is shown in the right panel of fig. 1, and the specific values thereof are shown in table 1. The indocalamus leaf extract can completely relax tracheal smooth muscle contraction caused by high potassium, and the action of the medicine presents concentration dependence.

The control experiment results show that DMSO has no obvious relaxation effect on potassium chloride-induced pre-contracted tracheal smooth muscle, which can indicate that the active ingredient which plays a role in relaxing potassium chloride-induced pre-contracted tracheal smooth muscle is Indocalamus leaf extract shown in figure 1.

Table 1: indocalamus leaf extract percentage of tracheal smooth muscle pre-contracted by potassium chloride relaxation

Medicine concentration (mg/mL)	Percentage relaxation (%)	Sem (standard error)
			0.1	1.34	0.50
0.5	9.18	1.03
			1	28.07	1.60
1.5	62.82	2.57
			2	87.22	3.08
2.5	96.53	2.54
			3	98.61	1.48

4. Indocalamus leaf extract acetylcholine-relaxation-induced pre-contraction experiment of tracheal smooth muscle

Measuring the tension of isolated mouse tracheal smooth muscle by using an HV-4 type isolated tissue organ constant temperature perfusion system, cutting the mouse trachea into trachea rings with the length of about 5mm, connecting the trachea rings with a hook, carefully connecting a tension transducer (JH-2 type), and placing the mice into a constant temperature water bath groove with the temperature of 37 ℃ and the inside of which is provided with 6mL of PSS and is continuously aerated with oxygen. The preload was adjusted to 300mg and equilibration commenced. During the equilibration period, the solution was changed 1 time every 15min, and 4 times in total. After the equilibration is completed, 100 mu M acetylcholine (ACh) solution is used for pre-stimulation, and after the tissue activity is fully stimulated, the new PSS solution is replaced to elute the stimulus acetylcholine until the tension returns to the baseline. The test can be started after 30 min. The stimulation was performed again using 100. mu.M acetylcholine (ACh) solution, and then the mother solution of Indocalamus leaf extract dissolved in 10% DMSO was added according to the concentration gradient so that the concentration gradient of Indocalamus leaf extract in the test system was 0.5mg/mL, 1mg/mL, 1.5mg/mL, 2.5mg/mL, 3mg/mL, 3.5mg/mL, 4mg/mL, and the change with time was as shown in the table. The relaxation of the preshrinked tracheal rings by Indocalamus leaf extract was observed.

The results of the experiment are shown in fig. 3, referring to the left panel, isolated mouse tracheal rings were stably and continuously pre-contracted in 100 μ M ACh solution, and the tracheal ring tension contracted after the concentration-dependent addition of indocalamus leaf extract was gradually decreased until it decreased to the baseline level before contraction. The change in the percentage of acetylcholine-pre-contracted tracheal smooth muscle relaxation by Indocalamus leaf extract is shown in the right panel of FIG. 3, and the specific values are shown in Table 2. The indocalamus leaf extract can completely relax acetylcholine to cause tracheal smooth muscle contraction, and the effect of the medicine is concentration-dependent.

Table 2: indocalamus leaf extract percentage of tracheal smooth muscle in which acetylcholine is pre-contracted

Medicine concentration (mg/mL)	Percentage relaxation (%)	Sem (standard error)
			0.5	7.68	0.92
1	9.85	2.27
			1.5	17.79	2.78
2	38.19	4.68
			2.5	62.57	3.53
3	80.87	3.18
			3.5	92.69	2.11
4	97.51	1.62

As can be seen by a combination of the curves of fig. 1 and 3, indocalamus leaf extract was able to relax pre-contracted mouse airway smooth muscle induced by potassium chloride or acetylcholine in a similar fashion. This can indicate that the indocalamus leaf extract relaxes mouse airway smooth muscle not caused by direct antagonism of potassium chloride or acetylcholine, does not have dependence induced by potassium chloride or acetylcholine, but relaxes mouse airway smooth muscle through an inherent mechanism, and can be used at least for treating, preventing, alleviating or improving diseases of mice that can be treated, prevented, alleviated or improved by relaxing smooth muscle, or reducing the risk that a mouse individual suffers from diseases that can be treated, prevented, alleviated or improved by relaxing smooth muscle.

In view of the similarity of the genetic basis and the physiological pathology of human and mouse, the indocalamus leaf extract can also be used for treating, preventing, alleviating or improving human diseases which can be treated, prevented, alleviated or improved by relaxing smooth muscle, or reducing the risk of human individuals suffering from diseases which can be treated, prevented, alleviated or improved by relaxing smooth muscle. The main components of different parts of the plant are the same in type and only different in content, so that the same or partially same functions can be achieved in other parts of the indocalamus leaf plant or the mixture of different parts of the indocalamus leaf plant or the extracts of the parts.

Other smooth muscles and tracheal smooth muscles have common physiological basis, so the indocalamus leaf extract of the invention necessarily has relaxation effect on the smooth muscles of other parts to different degrees.

The components extracted by different extraction methods of plants are overlapped with each other, so that the folium indocalami tessellati extract extracted by the purification method commonly used in the field, such as the extract of the root, only can relax smooth muscle, and the extract falls into the essence of the invention and falls into the protection scope of the invention.

Various formulations prepared according to the conventional technical means in the art, in which indocalamus leaves or its extract is used as the main active ingredient or the only active ingredient, are within the spirit of the present invention as long as they can relax smooth muscle, and fall within the scope of the present invention.

The above embodiments are only used for further illustration of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent changes made based on the concept of the present invention and obvious modifications of various technical solutions of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A drug for relaxing tracheal smooth muscle, treating, preventing, alleviating or ameliorating a disease of an individual that can be treated, prevented, alleviated or ameliorated by relaxing tracheal smooth muscle, or reducing the risk of the individual having a disease that can be treated, prevented, alleviated or ameliorated by relaxing tracheal smooth muscle, wherein the drug comprises indocalamus leaf as a medicinal material, indocalamus leaf extract as an active ingredient, or indocalamus leaf extract as the only active ingredient;

the Indocalamus leaf extract is extracted by the following steps:

pulverizing dry folium indocalami tessellati into powder;

soaking the obtained Indocalamus leaf powder in 80-90% ethanol solution at 70-90 deg.C under reflux for 1-5 hr at a ratio of 1: 15-25;

collecting the obtained filtrate, and evaporating the collected filtrate to dryness to obtain an ethanol extract of indocalamus leaves;

dissolving the ethanol extract of Indocalamus leaf with water, and extracting with petroleum ether for 1-5 times;

extracting with chloroform for 1-5 times, and evaporating the chloroform extractive solution to obtain extract.

2. The medicament of claim 1,

the tracheal smooth muscle is human tracheal smooth muscle or mouse tracheal smooth muscle.

3. The medicament of claim 1,

the individual is a human.

4. The medicament of claim 1,

the disease is selected from: asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COPD.

5. The drug of claim 1, wherein the Indocalamus leaf extract is extracted by the following steps:

pulverizing dry folium indocalami tessellati into powder with a traditional Chinese medicine pulverizer;

soaking 250g of the obtained Indocalamus leaf powder in 5L of 85% ethanol solution, and refluxing at 85 deg.C for 3 hr;

collecting the obtained filtrate, and evaporating to dryness with rotary evaporator to obtain Indocalamus leaf ethanol extract;

dissolving the ethanol extract of indocalamus leaf with appropriate amount of ultrapure water, and extracting with petroleum ether for 3 times, 300mL each time;

extracting with chloroform for 3 times (300 mL each time), evaporating the chloroform extractive solution with rotary evaporator to obtain extract, and obtaining folium Indocalami tessellati extract.

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