CN106818332B - Front-hanging type efficient film paving machine and operation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a front-hanging type efficient film paving machine, which is characterized in that a front wheel, a rear wheel and a driving mechanism for driving the rear wheel are arranged on a frame of the film paving machine, a film cylinder, a film pressing wheel and soil covering are sequentially arranged on the frame between the front wheel and the rear wheel, the front-hanging type efficient film paving machine also comprises a trapezoid ridge forming device which is arranged on the frame of the film paving machine and is provided with an opening below, a horizontal crown part in the middle of the ridge forming device is parallel to the film cylinder, the length of the horizontal crown part is smaller than the aperture below the horizontal crown part, the horizontal crown part of the ridge forming device is positioned in front of the film cylinder, arm parts at two sides of the ridge forming device incline towards the film pressing wheel, and free ends of the arm parts at two sides of the ridge forming device are positioned right in front of the film pressing wheel. This high-efficient shop membrane machine of hanging locates the whole ridge ware in frame the place ahead, can put into order the ridge to the ridge on the one hand, avoids stubble and hard soil to puncture the film, on the other hand is in the place ahead to spread the membrane machine and is directed, makes the walking orbit of spreading the membrane machine keep unanimous with the ridge central line, and the film is evenly symmetrically spread on the ridge.

Description

Front-hanging type efficient film paving machine and operation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to a film laying machine, in particular to a front hanging type efficient film laying machine and an operation method thereof.

Background

The film laying machine mainly comprises a travelling mechanism and a film laying mechanism, the film laying mechanism carries out the film laying and soil covering operation while moving along with the travelling mechanism, and the film laying track is controlled by manually controlling the travelling direction of the travelling mechanism. The film paving machine has less limited walking direction when paving films on flat or low-ridge lands, the film paving operation is simple, and the existing film paving machine is mainly used for paving films on flat or low-ridge lands. For the film laying of tobacco, taro, potato, sweet potato and the like planted in high ridges, as the two sides of the soil ridge are inclined planes, the soil covering difficulty is very high during film laying, in addition, the film is uniformly and symmetrically laid on the soil ridge, the phenomenon of soil sliding caused by wind blowing or the impact of rainwater is avoided after the film is laid and covered, the running direction of a film laying machine needs to be kept to be highly consistent with that of the formed soil ridge during film laying operation, the soil covering amount is generally required to be large, and particularly in the cultivation areas with large soil water content and poor soil fluidity in the rotation areas of southern rice and other cash crops in China, however, the existing film laying machines cannot meet the requirements, so that no film laying machine capable of truly realizing the requirements of the film laying operation with large soil water content and high land ridge exists at present.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims at providing a front hanging type efficient film paving machine.

In order to achieve the first object of the present invention, the following technical scheme is described in detail: the utility model provides a preceding efficient film paving machine of hanging, includes film paving machine frame, install preceding, rear wheel and actuating mechanism in the film paving machine frame, install membrane section of thick bamboo subassembly, membrane pressing wheel subassembly and earthing mechanism in proper order in the frame between front wheel to the rear wheel, membrane section of thick bamboo subassembly includes the membrane section of thick bamboo that transversely establishes and is used for installing the membrane section of thick bamboo in the film paving machine frame membrane section of thick bamboo connecting piece, membrane pressing wheel subassembly includes the membrane pressing wheel and is used for installing the membrane pressing wheel in the film paving machine frame membrane pressing wheel connecting piece, preceding efficient film paving machine of hanging still includes the trapezoidal whole ridge ware of the below opening of installing in the film paving machine frame, and the horizontal crown in the middle of the whole ridge ware is parallel with the membrane section of thick bamboo, and the length of this horizontal crown is less than its below opening bore, whole ridge ware horizontal crown is located the place ahead of membrane section of thick bamboo, whole ridge ware both sides arm to the side slope of membrane pressing wheel, whole ridge ware both sides arm free end is located the membrane pressing wheel in the place ahead, actuating mechanism passes through first drive mechanism and is connected with the rear wheel transmission.

Further, the ridge forming device comprises a middle connecting pipe and two ridge forming devices which are respectively and symmetrically arranged at two ends of the middle connecting pipe, the ridge forming devices are folded pipes, one ends of the ridge forming devices are horizontally arranged, the other ends of the ridge forming devices are oppositely arranged in an outward splayed shape and extend outwards and downwards, two ends of the middle connecting pipe penetrate through the horizontal free ends of the two ridge forming devices respectively, the horizontal parts of the ridge forming devices are fixedly connected with mounting pipes parallel to the horizontal parts of the ridge forming devices, and the mounting pipes are sleeved outside the frame of the film laying machine and are fixed through the first adjusting and locking device. The first adjusting and locking device is adjusted, the mounting pipe and the ridge dividing and shaping device fixedly connected with the mounting pipe are axially moved along the middle connecting pipe, the relative positions of the two ridge dividing and shaping devices are changed, the width adjustment of the ridge shaping devices is achieved, the mounting pipe is rotated in addition, the backward inclined angles of the arm parts on the two sides of the ridge shaping devices are achieved, and therefore the ridge shaping devices can be suitable for ridges with different widths.

Further, the front edge of the ridge preparation device is provided with a soil guide plate. The ridger is arranged on the ridge to walk, when the ridge is trimmed, the soil guide plate can be beneficial to scraping the ridge, the height and the shape of the ridge top are kept consistent, and the ridging effect is better.

Further, the end parts of the arm parts at the two sides of the ridge preparation device are fixed with furrow openers. When the ridge-making device is arranged on a ridge and walks along the ridge, the furrow opener enables grooves to be formed on slopes on two sides of the ridge, the film pressing wheel presses the edges of the films released by the film cylinders into the grooves, the soil is covered by the soil covering mechanism, the covered soil is piled in the grooves, so that the films are compacted, and the phenomenon of soil sliding cannot occur after the soil covering.

Further, the earthing mechanism is including being fixed in the rotation case in the shop's membrane machine frame, wear inherent axis of rotation parallel with the membrane section of thick bamboo in the rotation case, still be equipped with the second drive mechanism that is used for driving the axis of rotation in the shop's membrane machine frame, the both ends of axis of rotation symmetry respectively are equipped with coulter mechanism, coulter mechanism is including the support arm sleeve pipe of cover outside locating the axis of rotation and one end and the side wall fixed connection of rotation case, and support arm sheathed tube other end is fixed with the transmission case, is fixed with on the transmission case and is located the axis of rotation below and with the rotatable coulter axle of axis of rotation parallel, and the coulter axle is connected with the axis of rotation transmission, the coulter rotor that is located one side of the transmission case near the shop's membrane machine frame center is still overlapped inherently on the coulter axle. The second transmission mechanism drives the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft drives the colter shaft and the colter rotor to rotate, active soil covering of the film is achieved, the soil covering mechanism is capable of enabling the actively rotating colter rotor to rotate fast, the turned-up soil quantity is large, the height is high, the particles are small and even, the requirements of high-standard zipper type film paving and soil covering on various economic crop convex ridges can be completely met, and after active soil covering is achieved, the film cylinder assembly, the film pressing wheel assembly, the ridge forming device and the like are disassembled, the larger-width colter rotor is replaced, and the film paving machine can be used as a ridging soil covering machine for ridging soil covering, so that one machine is two-purpose.

Further, the support arm sleeve comprises a first support arm sleeve and a second support arm sleeve, one end of the second support arm sleeve is sleeved with the first support arm sleeve and locked through a second adjusting locking device, the free ends of the first support arm sleeve and the second support arm sleeve are fixedly connected with the rotating box and the transmission box respectively, the rotating shaft comprises a rotating short shaft fixedly penetrating the rotating box and two adjusting shaft mechanisms symmetrically arranged at two ends of the rotating short shaft, the adjusting shaft mechanism comprises a spline sleeve and a spline shaft coaxially arranged with the rotating short shaft, one end of the spline sleeve is fixedly connected with the end part of the rotating short shaft, one end of the spline shaft penetrates through the spline sleeve and is matched with the spline sleeve, and an inherent outer ring of the spline shaft positioned outside the spline sleeve is sleeved with a bearing fixed with the second support arm sleeve. This setting, adjust the second and adjust locking device, remove second support arm sleeve pipe and integral key shaft, adjust the relative position of first support arm sleeve pipe and second support arm sleeve pipe, integral key shaft and integral key sleeve, and then adjust the total length of support arm sleeve pipe and axis of rotation, realize the regulation of both sides coulter rotor interval to make the earthing mechanism adaptable to the ridge of different width.

Further, the film cylinder connecting piece comprises two film cylinder movable support plates which are respectively fixed on two sides of the frame of the film paving machine and can rotate around the frame, and two ends of the film cylinder are respectively arranged on the two film cylinder movable support plates. When the film spreading operation is started, the film spreading surface on the film cylinder is attached to the top surface of the ridge, along with the fact that the films on the film cylinder are fewer and fewer, the film cylinder enables the film cylinder movable support plate to rotate due to gravity, and then the films on the film cylinder are always contacted with the ridge top or the ground.

Further, the first transmission mechanism comprises a chassis gearbox connected with the driving mechanism and half shaft mechanisms symmetrically arranged on two sides of the chassis gearbox, each half shaft mechanism comprises a half shaft, a Z-shaped supporting box, a first sprocket, a second sprocket and a rear wheel shaft, wherein adjacent edges of the Z-shaped supporting boxes are mutually perpendicular, one end of each half shaft is connected with the output end of the chassis gearbox, one end of each Z-shaped supporting box is fixed on the side wall of the chassis gearbox, each half shaft is located in a horizontal part above the Z-shaped supporting box, each rear wheel shaft is rotatably fixed on the horizontal part below the Z-shaped supporting box, each first sprocket and each second sprocket are respectively fixed on each half shaft and each rear wheel shaft, a chain is sleeved on each first sprocket and each second sprocket, and each rear wheel is fixed on each rear wheel shaft. The traditional rear wheel is directly fixed on the half shaft, the traditional rear wheel is driven to walk through the rotating half shaft, under the condition that the ridge height is high, the diameter of the rear wheel is often increased to lift the half shaft and the chassis gearbox in order to avoid the phenomenon that the half shaft and the chassis gearbox directly touch the top surface of the ridge, the rear wheel is usually large in size, the appearance of a film laying machine is not coordinated, and when a machine body turns or turns around, the rear wheel can destroy the well-finished ridge. According to the first transmission mechanism, the half shaft and the chassis gearbox are lifted through the Z-shaped supporting box and matched with a proper sprocket to drive, and the rear wheel with a small size is driven, so that the phenomenon that the film laying machine cannot perform film laying operation on high ridges due to the influence of the heights of the positions of the half shaft and the chassis gearbox can be avoided.

Further, the front wheels on two sides are respectively fixed on the frame of the film paving machine through a front wheel supporting piece which is vertically arranged, a fixing crosspiece is commonly erected on the front wheel supporting pieces on two sides, and the film cylinder is fixed on the fixing crosspiece through a film cylinder connecting piece, a film pressing wheel connecting piece and a ridge forming device. The structure is compact, the distribution is reasonable, and the occupied space is small.

Further, two ends of the fixing crosspiece are respectively fixed with a vertically arranged sleeve, and the sleeve is sleeved outside the front wheel supporting piece and is fixed through a third adjusting and locking device. And the third adjusting and locking device is adjusted to longitudinally move the fixing crosspiece, so that the relative positions of the film cylinder assembly, the film pressing wheel assembly, the ridge forming device and the front wheel are changed, and further, the height adjustment of the fixed positions of the film cylinder assembly and the film pressing wheel assembly is realized, and the film paving machine can be suitable for the operation of various ridges with different heights.

Further, the film paving machine frame comprises a main frame on which the front wheel, the rear wheel, the film cylinder component and the film pressing wheel component are arranged, and a sub-frame on which the earthing mechanism is arranged, wherein one end of the sub-frame along the travelling direction of the film paving machine is hinged with the main frame, and the other end of the sub-frame along the travelling direction of the film paving machine is in threaded connection with a screw rod movably fixed on the frame. The screw rod is rotated, the subframe and the earthing mechanism on the subframe move along the screw rod, the height of the fixed position of the earthing mechanism is changed, and the soil quantity turned up by the earth penetration depth of the earthing mechanism is adjusted, so that the film paving machine can meet earthing requirements of different working conditions.

The invention aims at providing an operation method of the front-hanging type efficient film paving machine.

In order to achieve the second object of the present invention, the technical scheme will be described in detail: the invention relates to an operation method of a front-hanging type efficient film paving machine, which adopts the front-hanging type efficient film paving machine as an operation tool and comprises the following steps:

1) The front-hanging type efficient film paving machine is arranged at a ridge, wherein a ridge finishing device is arranged on the ridge, a driving mechanism is started, and the driving mechanism drives a rear wheel so as to push a film paving machine frame, a film cylinder assembly, a film pressing wheel assembly, a soil covering mechanism and the ridge finishing device on the film paving machine frame forward;

2) In the process of travelling along with the frame of the film paving machine, the ridge to be paved is formed into a regular ridge shape with a flat ridge surface by the ridge forming device, and the travelling of the front wheel and the rear wheel is guided, so that the travelling track of the front-hanging type high-efficiency film paving machine is always consistent with the central line of the ridge;

3) The film cylinder component spreads the film symmetrically on the ridge surface after shaping;

4) The film pressing wheel assembly presses two sides of the unfolded film;

5) The soil covering mechanism turns up the soil at two sides and covers the edges of the two sides of the unfolded film pressed by the film pressing wheel assembly so as to finish the zipper-type film covering.

When the front-hanging type efficient film paving machine is used for paving films on a ridge, the ridge straightening device arranged in front of the film cylinder is arranged on the ridge, on one hand, the ridge straightening device can straighten the ridge, particularly the top of the ridge, the stubble and hard soil are prevented from piercing films, on the other hand, when the front side is used for guiding the film paving machine, the rear wheel which is provided with power by the driving mechanism and actively rotates is positioned behind the ridge straightening device, the interference of the guiding of the ridge straightening device by the rear wheel which actively rotates is avoided, the walking track of the film paving machine is kept consistent with the center line of the ridge, and the films are evenly and symmetrically paved on the ridge.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the main structure of the preferred embodiment of the present invention excluding the rear wheels and the drive mechanism;

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, excluding the rear wheel and the drive mechanism, rotated 90 clockwise when viewed from above;

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the ridge-former of FIG. 2 along its mid-line;

FIG. 6 is a schematic top view of a ridge-former according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 4 along line B-B;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a membrane cartridge assembly according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic side view of a first transmission mechanism according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a front wheel support according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The following describes in detail the preferred embodiments of the front-hanging high-efficiency film laying machine according to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings:

as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the front-hanging type efficient film paving machine comprises a film paving machine frame 10, front wheels (71 and 72) and a driving mechanism 73 for driving the rear wheels 72 are arranged on the film paving machine frame 10, a film cylinder assembly 1, a film pressing wheel assembly 2 and a soil covering mechanism 6 are sequentially arranged on the frame 10 between the front wheels 71 and the rear wheels 72, the film cylinder assembly 1 comprises a film cylinder 11 which is transversely arranged and a film cylinder connecting piece 12 for arranging the film cylinder 11 on the film paving machine frame 10, the film pressing wheel assembly 2 comprises a film pressing wheel 21 and a film pressing wheel connecting piece 22 for arranging the film pressing wheel 21 on the film paving machine frame 10, the front-hanging type efficient film paving machine also comprises a trapezoid ridge 3 which is arranged on the film paving machine frame 10 and is opened below, a horizontal crown part in the middle of the ridge 3 is parallel to the film cylinder 11, the length of the horizontal crown part is smaller than the caliber below the opening ridge, the horizontal crown part of the ridge 3 is positioned on the front arm part 3 of the film cylinder 11, the film pressing wheel connecting piece 21 is obliquely arranged on two sides of the film pressing wheel 21, and the front arm part 3 is obliquely arranged on two sides of the film pressing wheel 21 and is freely connected with the driving mechanism 74 on two sides of the front wheels and the film pressing wheel 21 through a driving mechanism.

As shown in fig. 2, 3, 5 and 6, the ridge shaper 3 includes a middle connecting pipe 31 and two ridge shaping devices 32 symmetrically disposed at two ends of the middle connecting pipe 31, the ridge shaping devices 32 are bent pipes, one ends of the ridge shaping devices 32 are horizontally disposed, the other ends of the ridge shaping devices extend outwards and downwards in a splayed shape, two ends of the middle connecting pipe 31 are respectively disposed in horizontal free ends of the two ridge shaping devices 32 in a penetrating manner, mounting pipes 33 parallel to the two ends of the ridge shaping devices are fixedly connected to the horizontal portions of the ridge shaping devices 32, and the mounting pipes 33 are sleeved outside the film paving machine frame 10 and are fixed through a first adjusting and locking device 34. The front edge of the ridge-finishing device 3 is provided with a soil-guiding plate 4. The ditcher 5 is fixed at the end parts of the two side arms of the ridge-finishing device 3.

As shown in fig. 3, 4 and 7, the soil covering mechanism 6 comprises a rotating box 61 fixed on the film paving machine frame 10, a rotating shaft 62 parallel to the film cylinder 11 is penetrated in the rotating box 61, a second transmission mechanism 63 for transmitting the rotating shaft 62 is further arranged on the film paving machine frame 10, two ends of the rotating shaft 62 are symmetrically provided with a coulter mechanism 64 respectively, the coulter mechanism 64 comprises a support arm sleeve 641 sleeved outside the rotating shaft 62 and fixedly connected with the side wall of the rotating box 61 at one end, a transmission box 642 is fixed at the other end of the support arm sleeve 641, a coulter shaft 643 which is positioned below the rotating shaft 62 and is rotatable parallel to the rotating shaft 62 is fixed on the transmission box 642, the coulter shaft 643 is in transmission connection with the rotating shaft 62, and a coulter rotor 644 which is fixedly positioned on one side of the transmission box 642 close to the center of the film paving machine frame 10 is sleeved on the coulter shaft 643. The support arm sleeve 641 comprises a first support arm sleeve 6411 and a second support arm sleeve 6412, one end of the second support arm sleeve 6412 is sleeved with the first support arm sleeve 6411 and locked by a second adjusting locking device 6413, the free ends of the first support arm sleeve 6411 and the second support arm sleeve 6412 are fixedly connected with the rotating box 61 and the transmission box 642 respectively, the rotating shaft 62 comprises a rotating short shaft 621 penetrating and fixed on the rotating box 61 and two adjusting shaft mechanisms 622 symmetrically arranged at two ends of the rotating short shaft 621, the adjusting shaft mechanisms 622 comprise a spline sleeve 6221 and a spline shaft 6222 which are coaxially arranged with the rotating short shaft 621, one end of the spline sleeve 6221 is fixedly connected with the end of the rotating short shaft 621, one end of the spline shaft 6222 penetrates and is arranged in the spline sleeve 6221 to be matched with the spline sleeve 6221, and an inherent outer ring of the spline shaft 6222 positioned outside the spline sleeve 6221 is sleeved with a bearing 6223 fixed on the second support arm sleeve 6412.

As shown in fig. 8, the film cartridge connecting member 12 includes two film cartridge movable support plates 121 fixed to both sides of the film spreader frame 10 and rotatable therearound, and both ends of the film cartridge 11 are mounted to the two film cartridge movable support plates 121, respectively.

As shown in fig. 1 and 9, the first transmission mechanism 74 includes a chassis gearbox 741 connected to the driving mechanism 73, and a half-shaft mechanism 742 symmetrically disposed on two sides of the chassis gearbox 741, where the half-shaft mechanism 742 includes a half-shaft 7421, a zigzag supporting box 7422 with mutually perpendicular adjacent sides, a first sprocket 7423, a second sprocket 7424, and a rear wheel axle 7425, one end of the half-shaft 7421 is connected to an output end of the chassis gearbox 741, one end of the zigzag supporting box 7422 is fixed to a side wall of the chassis gearbox 741, the half-shaft 7421 is located in a horizontal portion above the zigzag supporting box 7422, the rear wheel axle 7425 is rotatably fixed to a horizontal portion below the zigzag supporting box 7422, the first sprocket 7423 and the second sprocket 7424 are respectively fixed to the half-shaft 7421 and the rear wheel axle 7425, a chain 7426 is sleeved on the first sprocket 7423 and the second sprocket 7424, and the rear wheel 72 is fixed to the rear wheel axle 7425.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the front wheels 71 on both sides are respectively fixed on the frame 10 of the film laying machine through a front wheel supporting member 711 which is vertically arranged, a fixing crosspiece 101 is commonly erected on the front wheel supporting members 711 on both sides, and the film cylinder 11 is fixed on the fixing crosspiece 101 through a film cylinder connecting member 12, a film pressing wheel 21, a film pressing wheel connecting member 22 and a ridge forming device 3.

As shown in fig. 9, two ends of the fixing rail 101 are respectively fixed with a vertically arranged sleeve 1011, and the sleeve 1011 is sleeved outside the front wheel supporting member 711 and fixed by a third adjusting and locking device 1012.

As shown in fig. 3, the film laying machine frame 10 includes a main frame 102 on which front and rear wheels (71, 72) and the film cylinder assembly 1 and the film pressing wheel assembly 2 are mounted, and a sub-frame 103 on which the soil covering mechanism 6 is mounted, one end of the sub-frame 103 in the running direction of the film laying machine is hinged with the main frame 102, and the other end of the sub-frame 103 in the running direction of the film laying machine is screwed with a screw 104 movably fixed to the frame 102.

The front-hanging type efficient film paving machine is characterized in that a film drum 11 is used for winding and bearing films; the film pressing wheel 21 is used for pressing the film so as to facilitate the subsequent soil covering operation; the soil covering mechanism 6 is used for covering soil on two side edges of the film. This high-efficient shop membrane machine of front-mounted, when spreading the membrane operation on the ridge, the whole ridge ware 3 frame in front of membrane section of thick bamboo 11 is located to horizontal crown on the ridge, can put into order the ridge on the one hand, especially strikeed the ridge top, avoid stubble and hard soil to puncture the film, on the other hand is in the place ahead to spread the membrane machine and lead, during the direction, the back wheel 72 that is provided power initiative rotation by actuating mechanism 73 is located the rear of whole ridge ware 3, the interference that has avoided initiative pivoted back wheel to lead to whole ridge ware 3, it can make the walking orbit of spreading the membrane machine keep unanimous with the ridge central line, the film is evenly symmetrically spread on the ridge.

The invention relates to a front-hanging type efficient film paving machine, which is characterized in that a ridge forming device 3 can adapt to ridges with different widths, preferably, the ridge forming device 3 comprises a middle connecting pipe 31 and two ridge dividing and forming devices 32 symmetrically arranged at two ends of the middle connecting pipe 31, the ridge dividing and forming devices 32 are bent pipes, one ends of the bent pipes are horizontally arranged, the other ends of the bent pipes extend outwards and downwards in opposite directions like a Chinese character 'zhi', two ends of the middle connecting pipe 31 are respectively penetrated into the horizontal free ends of the two ridge dividing and forming devices 32, a mounting pipe 33 parallel to the two ends of the two ridge dividing and forming devices 32 is fixedly connected to the horizontal part of the ridge dividing and forming device 32, and the mounting pipe 33 is sleeved outside a frame 10 of the film paving machine and is fixed through a first adjusting and locking device 34; the ridger 3 is arranged on a ridge to walk, so that a better ridging effect can be obtained when the ridge is trimmed, and the front edge of the ridger 3 is provided with a soil guide plate 4; in order to facilitate the subsequent earth covering of the edges of the two sides of the film, and the earth covering is tight, the phenomenon of earth sliding does not occur, and preferably, the end parts of the arms of the two sides of the ridge-finishing device 3 are fixedly provided with furrow openers 5; in order to realize active soil covering of a film, the amount of the turned soil is large and the height is high, so that the requirements of film laying and soil covering on various cultivated lands such as convex ridges and the like are met, after the active soil covering is realized, a film cylinder assembly 1, a film pressing wheel assembly 2, a ridger 3 and the like are disassembled, a larger-width coulter rotor 644 is replaced, the film laying machine can also be used as a ridging soil covering machine for ridging and soil covering, and realizes the dual-purpose effect, preferably, the soil covering mechanism 6 comprises a rotating box 61 fixed on a frame 10 of the film laying machine, a rotating shaft 62 parallel to a film cylinder 11 is penetrated in the rotating box 61, a second transmission mechanism 63 for transmitting the rotating shaft 62 is further arranged on the frame 10 of the film laying machine, coulter mechanisms 64 are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the rotating shaft 62 respectively, the coulter mechanisms 64 comprise support arm sleeve 641 which is sleeved outside the rotating shaft 62 and one end of which is fixedly connected with the side wall of the rotating box 61, a transmission box 642 is fixedly arranged at the other end of the support arm sleeve 642, a coulter shaft 643 which is positioned below the rotating shaft 62 and can rotate in parallel to the rotating shaft 62 and is rotatably connected with the rotating shaft 643 of the rotating box 643, and the coulter shaft 643 is positioned at one side of the frame 643 of the rotating shaft 643 and is close to the rotating box 643; in order to realize the adjustment of the spacing between the coulter rotors 644 on both sides so that the soil covering mechanism 6 can adapt to ridges with different widths, preferably, the support arm sleeve 641 comprises a first support arm sleeve 6411 and a second support arm sleeve 6412 with one end sleeved with the first support arm sleeve 6411 and locked by a second adjusting locking device 6413, the free ends of the first support arm sleeve 6411 and the second support arm sleeve 6412 are respectively fixedly connected with the rotating box 61 and the transmission box 642, the rotating shaft 62 comprises a rotating short shaft 621 penetrating and fixed on the rotating box 61 and two adjusting shaft mechanisms 622 symmetrically arranged at both ends of the rotating short shaft 621, the adjusting shaft mechanisms 622 comprise a spline sleeve 6221 and a spline shaft 6222 which are coaxially arranged with the rotating short shaft 621, one end of the spline sleeve 6221 is fixedly connected with the end of the rotating short shaft 621, one end of the spline shaft 6222 penetrates into the spline sleeve 6221 to be matched with the spline sleeve 6221, and a bearing 6223 which is fixedly sleeved on an inherent outer ring of the spline shaft 6222 and fixed on the second support arm sleeve 6412 and is arranged outside the spline sleeve 6221; in order to reduce the tensile force born by the rear earth-covered film and avoid the phenomena of film breakage and film rupture caused by overlarge local stress in the film laying process, the film cylinder connecting piece 12 preferably comprises two film cylinder movable support plates 121 which are respectively fixed on two sides of the film laying machine frame 10 and can rotate around the film cylinder movable support plates 121, and two ends of the film cylinder 11 are respectively arranged on the two film cylinder movable support plates 121; in order to avoid that the film laying machine cannot perform film laying operation on high ridges due to the influence of the heights of the half axle 7421 and the chassis gearbox 741, preferably, the first transmission mechanism 74 comprises the chassis gearbox 741 connected with the driving mechanism 73 and half axle mechanisms 742 symmetrically arranged on two sides of the chassis gearbox 741, the half axle mechanisms 742 comprise half axles 7421, Z-shaped supporting boxes 7422 with mutually perpendicular adjacent sides, first chain wheels 7423, second chain wheels 7424 and rear wheel axles 7425, one end of each half axle 7421 is connected with the output end of the chassis gearbox 741, one end of each Z-shaped supporting box 7422 is fixed on the side wall of the chassis gearbox 741, the half axle 7421 is positioned in a horizontal part above the Z-shaped supporting box 7422, the rear wheel axle 7425 is rotatably fixed on the horizontal part below the Z-shaped supporting box 7422, the first chain wheels 7423 and the second chain wheels 7424 are respectively fixed on the half axle 7421 and the rear wheel axle 7425, and chains 7426 are sleeved on the first chain wheels 7423 and the second chain wheels 7424 together, and the rear wheel 72 are fixed on the rear wheel axle 7425; the structure is compact, the distribution is reasonable, the occupied space is small, preferably, the front wheels 71 on two sides are respectively fixed on the frame 10 of the film laying machine through a front wheel supporting piece 711 which is vertically arranged, a fixing crosspiece 101 is commonly erected on the front wheel supporting pieces 711 on two sides, and the film cylinder 11 is fixed on the fixing crosspiece 101 through a film cylinder connecting piece 12, a film pressing wheel 21, a film pressing wheel connecting piece 22 and a ridge forming device 3; in order to realize the height adjustment of the fixed positions of the film cylinder assembly 1 and the film pressing wheel assembly 2, the film laying machine can adapt to the operation of various ridges with different heights, preferably, two ends of the fixing crosspiece 101 are respectively fixed with a vertically arranged sleeve 1011, and the sleeve 1011 is sleeved outside the front wheel support 711 and is fixed by a third adjusting and locking device 1012; in order to change the height of the fixed position of the soil covering mechanism 6, the soil amount turned up by the soil penetration depth of the soil covering mechanism 6 is adjusted so that the film laying machine can meet the soil covering requirements of different working conditions, preferably, the film laying machine frame 10 comprises a main frame 102 on which the front and rear wheels (71, 72) and the film cylinder assemblies 1 and the film pressing wheel assemblies 2 are arranged, and a sub frame 103 on which the soil covering mechanism 6 is arranged, one end of the sub frame 103 along the travelling direction of the film laying machine is hinged with the main frame 102, and the other end of the sub frame 103 along the travelling direction of the film laying machine is in threaded connection with a screw 104 movably fixed on the frame 102.

According to the front-hanging type efficient film spreading machine, the mud scraper 5 can be sleeved with the end part of the arm part of the ridge forming device 3 and fixed through the fourth adjusting and locking device 51, under the structure, the fourth adjusting and locking device 51 is adjusted, the mud scraper 5 is rotated or axially moved, the adjustment of the position and depth of a groove formed on the slope at two sides of a ridge can be realized, and the ridge forming device 3 is convenient to adapt to various field applications; the side wall of the transmission case 642, which is close to the center of the film paving machine frame 10, can be provided with a soil guide plate 645 covered on the coulter rotor 644, the soil guide plate 645 can guide the turned soil of the coulter rotor 644 to the inner side, the soil is concentrated at the edges of the two sides of the film, and the situation that the turned soil of the coulter rotor 644 splashes around and falls off is avoided, so that the soil covering is not tight and the effect is poor.

The invention also provides an operation method of the front-hanging type efficient film paving machine, which adopts the front-hanging type efficient film paving machine as an operation tool and comprises the following steps:

1) The front-hanging type efficient film paving machine is arranged at a ridge, wherein a ridge forming device 3 is arranged on the ridge, a driving mechanism 73 is started, and the driving mechanism 73 drives a rear wheel 72 so as to push a film paving machine frame 10 and a film cylinder assembly 1, a film pressing wheel assembly 2, a soil covering mechanism 6 and the ridge forming device 3 on the film paving machine frame;

2) In the process of walking along with the frame 10 of the film paving machine, the ridge forming device 3 forms the ridges to be paved into regular ridges with flat ridge surfaces, and guides the walking of the front wheels (71) and the rear wheels (72), so that the walking track of the front-hanging type high-efficiency film paving machine is always consistent with the center line of the ridges;

3) The film cylinder assembly 1 spreads the film symmetrically on the ridge surface after shaping;

4) The film pressing wheel assembly 2 presses two sides of the unfolded film;

5) The soil covering mechanism 6 turns up the soil at two sides and covers the two edges of the unfolded film pressed by the film pressing wheel assembly 2 so as to finish the zipper-type film covering.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a preceding efficient film paving machine of hanging, includes film paving machine frame, install preceding, rear wheel and actuating mechanism in the film paving machine frame, install membrane cylinder subassembly, film pressing wheel subassembly and earthing mechanism in proper order in the frame between front wheel to the rear wheel, membrane cylinder subassembly is including the membrane section of thick bamboo that transversely establishes and be used for installing the membrane section of thick bamboo in the film paving machine frame membrane cylinder connecting piece, and film pressing wheel subassembly includes the film pressing wheel and is used for installing the film pressing wheel in the film paving machine frame the film pressing wheel connecting piece, its characterized in that: the front-hanging type efficient film paving machine further comprises a trapezoid ridge forming device which is arranged on the frame of the film paving machine and is provided with an opening at the lower part, a horizontal crown part in the middle of the ridge forming device is parallel to the film cylinder, the length of the horizontal crown part is smaller than the caliber of the opening at the lower part of the ridge forming device, the horizontal crown part of the ridge forming device is positioned in front of the film cylinder, arm parts at two sides of the ridge forming device incline towards the film pressing wheel side, free ends of the arm parts at two sides of the ridge forming device are positioned right in front of the film pressing wheel, and the driving mechanism is in transmission connection with the rear wheel through a first transmission mechanism;

the ridge-trimming device comprises a middle connecting pipe and two ridge-trimming devices which are respectively and symmetrically arranged at two ends of the middle connecting pipe, the ridge-trimming devices are bent pipes, one ends of the ridge-trimming devices are horizontally arranged, the other ends of the ridge-trimming devices are oppositely splayed outwards and downwards extended, two ends of the middle connecting pipe respectively penetrate through the horizontal free ends of the two ridge-trimming devices, the horizontal parts of the ridge-trimming devices are fixedly connected with mounting pipes parallel to the horizontal parts of the ridge-trimming devices, and the mounting pipes are sleeved outside a frame of the film-laying machine and are fixedly arranged through a first adjusting and locking device;

the front edge of the ridge-finishing device is provided with a soil guide plate;

the end parts of the arm parts at the two sides of the ridge preparation device are fixedly provided with furrow openers;

the soil covering mechanism comprises a rotating box fixed on a frame of the film spreading machine, a rotating shaft parallel to the film cylinder is penetrated in the rotating box, a second transmission mechanism for transmitting the rotating shaft is further arranged on the frame of the film spreading machine, coulter mechanisms are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the rotating shaft respectively, each coulter mechanism comprises a support arm sleeve sleeved outside the rotating shaft, one end of each support arm sleeve is fixedly connected with the side wall of the corresponding rotating box, a transmission box is fixed at the other end of each support arm sleeve, a coulter shaft which is positioned below the rotating shaft and can rotate in parallel to the rotating shaft is fixed on the transmission box, the coulter shaft is in transmission connection with the rotating shaft, and a coulter rotor which is fixedly positioned at one side of the transmission box close to the center of the frame of the film spreading machine is sleeved on the coulter shaft;

the support arm sleeve comprises a first support arm sleeve and a second support arm sleeve, one end of the second support arm sleeve is sleeved with the first support arm sleeve and locked through a second adjusting locking device, the free ends of the first support arm sleeve and the second support arm sleeve are fixedly connected with the rotating box and the transmission box respectively, the rotating shaft comprises a rotating short shaft which is fixedly arranged on the rotating box in a penetrating mode and two adjusting shaft mechanisms which are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the rotating short shaft, the adjusting shaft mechanism comprises a spline sleeve and a spline shaft which are coaxially arranged on the rotating short shaft, one end of the spline sleeve is fixedly connected with the end portion of the rotating short shaft, one end of the spline shaft penetrates through the spline sleeve to be matched with the spline sleeve, and an inherent outer ring of the spline shaft positioned outside the spline sleeve is sleeved with a bearing which is fixed with the second support arm sleeve.

2. The front-hanging high-efficiency film laying machine according to claim 1, wherein: the film cylinder connecting piece comprises two film cylinder movable support plates which are respectively fixed on two sides of the frame of the film paving machine and can rotate around the frame, and two ends of the film cylinder are respectively arranged on the two film cylinder movable support plates.

3. The front-hanging high-efficiency film laying machine according to claim 1, wherein: the first transmission mechanism comprises a chassis gearbox connected with the driving mechanism and half shaft mechanisms symmetrically arranged on two sides of the chassis gearbox, each half shaft mechanism comprises a half shaft, a Z-shaped supporting box, a first sprocket, a second sprocket and a rear wheel shaft, wherein adjacent edges of the Z-shaped supporting boxes are mutually perpendicular, one end of each half shaft is connected with the output end of the chassis gearbox, one end of each Z-shaped supporting box is fixed on the side wall of the chassis gearbox, each half shaft is located in a horizontal part above the Z-shaped supporting box, each rear wheel shaft is rotatably fixed on the upper horizontal part and the lower horizontal part of the Z-shaped supporting box, each first sprocket and each second sprocket are respectively fixed on each half shaft and each rear wheel shaft, a chain is sleeved on each first sprocket and each second sprocket, and each rear wheel is fixed on each rear wheel shaft.

4. The front-hanging high-efficiency film laying machine according to claim 1, wherein: the front wheels on two sides are respectively fixed on the frame of the film paving machine through a front wheel supporting piece which is vertically arranged, a fixing crosspiece is commonly erected on the front wheel supporting pieces on two sides, and the film cylinder is fixed on the fixing crosspiece through a film cylinder connecting piece, a film pressing wheel connecting piece and a ridge forming device.

5. The front-hanging high-efficiency film laying machine according to claim 4, wherein: two ends of the fixing crosspiece are respectively fixed with a vertically arranged sleeve, and the sleeve is sleeved outside the front wheel supporting piece and is fixed through a third adjusting and locking device.

6. The front-hanging high-efficiency film laying machine according to claim 1, wherein: the frame of the film paving machine comprises a main frame on which a front wheel, a rear wheel, a film cylinder assembly and a film pressing wheel assembly are arranged, and a sub-frame on which a soil covering mechanism is arranged, wherein one end of the sub-frame along the travelling direction of the film paving machine is hinged with the main frame, and the other end of the sub-frame along the travelling direction of the film paving machine is in threaded connection with a screw rod movably fixed on the frame.

7. A method for operating a front-hanging type efficient film laying machine, which adopts the front-hanging type efficient film laying machine as an operating tool according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and comprises the following steps:

1) The front hanging type high-efficiency film paving machine is arranged at the ridge, wherein the ridge finishing device is arranged on the ridge, the driving mechanism is started,

the driving mechanism drives the rear wheel to push the frame of the film paving machine and the film cylinder assembly, the film pressing wheel assembly 2, the soil covering mechanism and the ridge forming device on the frame;

2) In the process of travelling along with the frame of the film paving machine, the ridger is used for preparing the ridges with regular and flat ridge surfaces, guiding the travelling of the front and rear wheels and keeping the travelling track of the front-hanging type high-efficiency film paving machine consistent with the central line of the ridges all the time;

3) The film cylinder component spreads the film symmetrically on the ridge surface after shaping;

4) The film pressing wheel assembly presses two sides of the unfolded film;

5) The soil covering mechanism turns up the soil at two sides and covers the edges of the two sides of the unfolded film pressed by the film pressing wheel assembly so as to finish the zipper-type film covering.

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