CN1068003C - 一类铂络合物及合成 - Google Patents
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 title 1
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- DHZBEENLJMYSHQ-XCVPVQRUSA-N cantharidin Chemical compound C([C@@H]1O2)C[C@@H]2[C@]2(C)[C@@]1(C)C(=O)OC2=O DHZBEENLJMYSHQ-XCVPVQRUSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229940095758 cantharidin Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229930008397 cantharidin Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- DHZBEENLJMYSHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cantharidine Natural products O1C2CCC1C1(C)C2(C)C(=O)OC1=O DHZBEENLJMYSHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 21
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 101710134784 Agnoprotein Proteins 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- NWAHZABTSDUXMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum(2+);dinitrate Chemical compound [Pt+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O NWAHZABTSDUXMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 101710156804 DNA ligase A Proteins 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002240 furans Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005805 hydroxylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 27
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000001093 anti-cancer Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 abstract 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 16
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
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- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 6
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000259 anti-tumor effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910000474 mercury oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- UKWHYYKOEPRTIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury(ii) oxide Chemical compound [Hg]=O UKWHYYKOEPRTIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000002246 antineoplastic agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940041181 antineoplastic drug Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 201000011510 cancer Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 hydroxyl cantharidin Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011275 oncology therapy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010189 synthetic method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001644 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000131283 Cantharis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001411320 Eriogonum inflatum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000623906 Lytta vesicatoria Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003005 anticarcinogenic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000936 intestine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- JJWLVOIRVHMVIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopropylamine Chemical compound CC(C)N JJWLVOIRVHMVIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003057 platinum Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropylamine Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)CCC YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Abstract
一种斑蝥素络合物结构可用下式(Ⅰ)或(Ⅱ)表示:
其中R为H,C1~C10烷基或C3~C6环烷基;
其中-A-A-基团为:-NH2-(CH2)n-NH2-,n为2~6。
这种络合物低毒、水溶性好,并具有广谱高效的抗癌作用,可成为一种新的抗癌药物。
Description
本发明涉及一类有机药物,具体地说是一类具有抗癌作用的新药双羟基去甲基斑蝥素铂络合物及该络合物的合成方法。
顺铂抗癌作用的发现揭开了用金属配合物治疗癌症的序幕。目前巳合成出三千多种铂络合物,其中一千多个具有抗癌活性,并有十几种进入了临床试验。顺铂虽然有较好的抗癌活性,但其差的水溶性和大的毒副作用又极大的限制了它的大剂量和长期使用。第二代铂抗癌药-碳铂水溶性比顺铂好,治疗指数高于顺铂,而且毒副作用大大降低,但对胃肠有强的刺激,抗癌谱较窄,限制了它的使用。因此,合成出更为高效、低毒、广谱和水溶性好的新铂类抗癌药已成为研究的主要方向。
斑蝥素是由昆虫斑蝥体中提取的有剧毒性物质。斑蝥虫作为药物,在我国医学上很早就有抗肿瘤作用的记载,近十几年来,特别是发现了斑蝥素可以作为抗癌药以后,对斑蝥素的药理及在医学临床上应用的研究迅速地发展起来。目前制备斑蝥素所采用的方法,是利用有机溶剂,例如丙酮、氯仿等从斑蝥粉中抽提。但是尚未见到以合成斑蝥素为配体与铂络合成新的络合物作为抗癌药物的报导。
本发明的目的是提供一类以双羟基去甲基斑蝥素为配体合成的铂络合物,这种络合物低毒、水溶性好,并具有广谱高效的抗癌作用,可成为一种新的抗癌药物。本发明的另一目的是提供合成这种铂络合物的方法。
其中-A-A-基团为:-NH2-(CH2)n-NH2-,n为2~6;
在结构式(Ⅰ)表示的铂络合物中,当R为H,-C2H5,-C3H7,或-CH(CH3)2时表现出更有效地抗癌作用。在结构式(Ⅱ)表示的铂络合物中,当n为2,时同样也表现出较强的抗癌性。
本发明的去甲基斑蝥素铂络合物的合成方法按下列步骤:(1)去甲基斑蝥素配体(LigC)的合成用呋喃与顺丁烯二酸酐在四氢呋喃为溶剂中反应得到中间产物
(LigA),以丙酮为溶剂,溶解LigA,加OsO4作催化剂,再加入H2O2进行羟化反应合成LigC,其反应过程如反应式(1)
(2)硝酸铂(Ⅱ)络合物的制备
首先使氯亚铂酸钾转化为碘亚铂酸钾,接着加入氨水或含胺基化合物(A)或含二胺基化合物(A2),转化为铂络合物,上述反应也可以直接将含二胺基化合物(A2)加入到氯亚铂酸钾中反应,然后加入AgNO3水解制备成硝酸铂(Ⅱ)络合物,其反应过程如反应式(2)。
(3)去甲基斑蝥素铂络合物的合成
将上述(1)合成的去甲基斑蝥素配体LigC加入到上述(2)制备的硝酸铂络合物溶液中再加入NaOH进行反应即可得到产物去甲基斑蝥素铂络合物,反应过程如反
反应(3)中-A即为-NH2R。反应产物用IR和400M NMR进行表征。
下面通过实施例对本发明的内容给予详细说明。
实施例1双羟基去甲基斑蝥素配体LigC的合成
将呋喃5.4ml(0.073mol),顺丁烯二酸酐6g(0.061mmol)和四氢呋喃(THF)8ml加入干燥的三角瓶中,振摇至固体全部溶解,室温静置过液,析出白色棱柱状结晶,过滤出结晶,用少量THF洗3~4次,空气干燥后得7.5g产品,滤液静置后又析出部分结晶,产物共9.1g,收率88.4%。m.p:121.1~125.0℃。
IR(KBr,cm-1):3100(ν=C-H),1859,1780(νC-O),1221,1089,1010,950(νC -O-C)
1HNMR(in CDCl3,δ/ppm):3.17(s,2H,H-5&H-6),5.46(t,2H,H-1&H-4),6.58(t,2H,H-2&H-3)
将上述产物2g(0.012mol)溶于16ml丙酮中。向溶液中滴加OsO4的特丁醇溶液2ml(0.1gOsO4溶于10ml特丁醇)后,再加入30%的H2O2(2.2g,19.6mmol)。溶液变为棕褐色。盖紧瓶塞,在30℃的水浴中反应24小时后,有白色沉淀生成。过滤,并用乙醚洗涤沉淀,空气干燥。粗产品用甲醇重结晶。m.p.:199.5~200℃(1.26g,48%)。IR(KBr,cm-1):3397,3213(νO-H),1746,1732(cC-O),1246,1196,1097,1180,1047,924(νC-C-C)
1HNMR(in DMSO,δ/ppm):2.92(d,2H,H-5&H-6),3.84(s,2H,H-2&H-3),4.37(t,2H,H-1&H-4),4.88(br,2H,-OH)
13CNMR(in DMSO,δ/ppm):50.48(C-5&C-6),76.33(C-1&C-4),87.55(C-2&C-3),176.09(-COOH)
实施例2 本发明络合物(R=H)的合成1
K2PtCl4(1.021g,2.44mmol)溶于10ml水中,升温至80℃,加入KI((1.94g,11.7mmol),避光反应15分钟。将黑色溶液冷却至40℃,滴加30%的氨水,控制pH<7,有黄色沉淀生成。继续滴加氨水直至反应体系pH保持8。在40℃反应两小时后,冷却,过滤,分别用水(5ml),乙醇(5ml)和乙醚(5ml)洗涤沉淀,空气干燥。(0.88g,95%)。
Pt(NH3)2I2(0.483g,1mmol)和AgNO3(0.34g,2mmol)加入25ml水中,室温下避光反应16小时后,过滤,除去固体AgI。
将LigC(0.218g,1mmol)和NaOH(0.08g,2mmol)加入上述滤液中,继续反应8小时,有白色沉淀生成。过滤后,分别用5ml水,乙醇和乙醚洗涤沉淀。空气干燥。产率:0.22g,50%。IR(KBr,cm-1):3431(νO-H),3207(νN-H),1615(cC-O),1391(νCOO-),1102,1053(νC-O-C)
1HNMR(in D2O,δ/ppm):3.95(s,2H,H-5&H-6),4.13(s,2H,H-2&H-3),4.65(s,2H,H-1&H4)
13HNMR(in D2O,δ/ppm):54.10(C-5&C-6),75.17(c-2&C-3),86.97(c-1&C-4)
实施例3 本发明络合物(R=C2H5)的合成2
K2PtCl4(1.1025g,2.66mmol)溶于10ml水中,升温至80℃,加入KI(2.296g,13.8 mmol),80℃避光反应15分钟。将黑色溶液冷却至50℃,滴加70%的CH3CH2NH2(0.342g,5.32mmol),有黄色沉淀生成。反应体系在60℃反应3~4小时。冷却,过滤。分别用水(5ml)和乙醇(5ml)洗涤沉淀,空气干燥。(1.30g,93%)。
将AgNO3(0.2974g,1.75mmol)加入含有Pt(CH3CH2NH2)2I2(0.4715g,0.88mmol)的悬浊水溶液中(10ml),室温避光搅拌6小时。过滤除去固体AgI。向滤液中加入配体LigC(0.1918g,0.88mmol)和NaOH(0.0704g,1.75mmol),搅拌8小时,有灰白色沉淀生成。过滤后,分别用5ml水,乙醇和乙醚洗涤沉淀,空气干燥,产率:0.18g,42%。IR(KBr,cm-1):3350(νO-H),3210,3150(νN-H),1610,1590(cC-O),1430(νCOO-),1383(δCH3),1254,1154,1050,930(νC-O-C),435(νPt-N)。
1HNMR(in D2O,δ/ppm):1.21(t,6H,2-CH3),2.58(m,4H,2-CH2),3.82(s,2h,H-5&H-6),4.12(s,4H,H-2&H-3),4.64(s,2H,H-1&H-4)
13HNMR(in D2O,δ/ppm):17.70(-CH3),44.14(-CH2),53.96(C-5&C-6),75.16(C-2&C-3),86.98(C-1&C-4)
实施例4 本发明络合物(R=CH2(CH3)2)的合成3
K2PtCl4(0.4423g,1.06mmol)溶于10ml水中,加热至80℃,加入KI(0.8488g,5.11mmol),80℃避光反应15分钟。将黑色溶液冷却至50℃,滴加异丙胺(0.126g,2.13mmol,溶于2ml水),有黄色沉淀生成。反应体系在60℃反应3~4小时。冷却,过滤。分别用水(5ml)和乙醇(5ml)洗涤沉淀,空气干燥。(0.52g,87%)。
将AgNO3(0.3023g,1.78mmol)加入含有R(iPrNH2)2I2(0.5041g,0.89mmol)的悬浊水溶液中(10ml),室温避光搅拌10小时。过滤除去固体AgI。向滤液中加入配体LigC(0.194g,0.89mmol)和NaOH(0.0712g,1.78mmol),搅拌18小时,有白色沉淀生成。过滤后,分别用5ml水,乙醇和乙醚洗涤沉淀,空气干燥,产率:0.21g,45%。IR(KBr,cm-1):3350(νO-H),3220,3110(νN-H),1640,1600(cC-O),1390(νCOO-),13775(δCH3),1230,1100,1050,930(νC-O-C),440(νPt-N)。
1HNMR(in D2O,δ/ppm):1.32(d,12H,4-CH3),2.74(q,2H,2-CH),2.77(s,2H,H-5,H-5&H-6),3.97(s,2H,H-2&H-3),4.48(s,2H,H-1&H-4)
13HNMR(in D2O,δ/ppm):22.66(-CH3,48.87(-CH),50.50(C-5&C-6),73.71(C-2&C-3),85.00(C-1&C-4),180.00(C=O)
实施例5 本发明络合物(R=C3H7)的合成4
K2PtCl4(0.4354g,1.05mmol)溶于10ml水中,加热至80℃,加入KI(0.8366g,5.06mmol),80℃避光反应15分钟。将黑色溶液冷却至50℃,滴加正丙胺CH3CH2CH2NH2(0.1239g溶于1ml水,2.1mmol),有黄色沉淀生成。反应体系在60℃反应3~4小时。冷却,过滤。分别用水(5ml)和乙醇(5m1)洗涤沉淀,空气干燥。(0.4568g,76%)。
将AgNO3(0.2452g,1.44mmol)加入含有Pt(CH3CH2CH2NH2)2I2(0.4118g,0.72mmol)的悬浊水溶液中(10ml),室温避光搅拌24小时。过滤除去固体AgI。向滤液中加入配体LigC(0.1570,0.72mmol)和NaOH(0.0575g,1.44mmol),室温搅拌16小时,有白色沉淀生成。过滤后,分别用5ml水,乙醇和乙醚洗涤沉淀,空气干燥,产率:0.16g,41%。IR(KBr,cm-1):3410(νO-H),3215,3110(νN-H),1652,1600(νC-O),1390(νCOO-),1108,1052(νC-O-C)。
1HNMR(in D2O,δ/ppm):0.88(t,6H,2-CH3),1.63(q,4H.2-CH2),2.00(s,2H,H-5&H-6),2.50(t,4H,2-CH2),3.81(s,2H,H-2&H-3),4.11(s,2H,H-1&H-4)
实施例6本发明络合物(-A-A-为-H2N-CH2-CH2-NH2-)的合成5
K2PtCl4(0.2440g,0.59mmol)溶于5ml水中,加热至80℃,加入KI(0.4685g,2.82mmol),80℃避光反应15分。将黑色溶液冷却至50℃,滴加H2NCH2CH2NH2(en)(0.0354g,0.59mmol),有黄色沉淀生成。反应体系在60℃反应3~4小时。冷却,过滤。分别用水(5ml)和乙醇(5ml)洗涤沉淀,空气干燥。(0.21g,81%)。
将AgNO3(0.1361g,0.80mmol)加入含有Pt(en)2I2(0.2038g,0.40mmol)的悬浊水溶液中(10ml),室温避光搅拌16小时。过滤除去固体AgI。向滤液中加入配体LigC(0.0872g,0.40mmol)和NaOH(0.032g,0.85mmol),搅拌18小时,有灰白色沉淀生成。过滤后,分别用5ml水,乙醇和乙醚洗涤沉淀,空气干燥,产率:0.076g,40%。IR(KBr,cm-1):3410(νO-H),3210,3100(νN-H),1648,1620(νC-O),1390(νCOO-),1150,1100,1050,925(νC-O-C)。
实施例7本发明络合物的溶解性
利用实施例2~6所合成的络合物,与顺铂作溶水性实验,其结果列于表1。表1 各络合物在水中的溶解度
络合物 | 实施例2 | 实施例3 | 实施例4 | 实施例5 | 实施例6 | 顺 铂 |
溶解度(mg/ml) | 5.1 | 3.5 | 3.8 | 10.2 | 8.9 | 1-3 |
从表1可以看出,新络合物的水溶性较顺铂均有一定程度的提高,其中实施例5和实施例6所合成的络合物有较大的提高。
Claims (4)
2.按照权利要求1所述的斑蝥素铂络合物,其特征在于结构式(Ⅰ)表示的铂络合物中,R为H,-C2H5,-C3H7,或-CH(CH3)2,结构式(Ⅱ)表示的铂络合物中,n为2。
3.一种按照权利要求1所述的斑蝥素铂络合物的制备方法,是按下步骤:(1)去甲基斑蝥素配体LigC的合成用呋喃与顺丁烯二酸酐在四氢呋喃为溶剂中反应得到中间产物
LigA,以丙酮为溶剂溶解LigA,加OsO4作催化剂,再加入H2O2进行羟化反应合成LigC;
(2)硝酸铂(Ⅱ)络合物的制备
首先使氯亚铂酸钾转化为碘亚铂酸钾,接着加入氨水或含胺基化合物(A)或含二胺基化合物(A2),转化为铂络合物,然后加入AgNO3水解制备成硝酸铂(Ⅱ)络合物;
(3)去甲基斑蝥素铂络合物的合成
将上述(1)合成的去甲基斑蝥素配体LigC加入到上述(2)制备的硝酸铂络合物溶液中再加入NaOH进行反应即可得到产物去甲基斑蝥素铂络合物。
4.按照权利要求3所述的制备方法,其特征在于步骤(2)硝酸铂(Ⅱ)络合物的制备直接将含二胺基化合物(A2)加入到氯亚铂酸钾中反应,然后加入AgNO3水解制备成硝酸铂(Ⅱ)络合物。
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