CN106784218A - LED chip and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

LED chip and manufacturing method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106784218A
CN106784218A CN201611148825.3A CN201611148825A CN106784218A CN 106784218 A CN106784218 A CN 106784218A CN 201611148825 A CN201611148825 A CN 201611148825A CN 106784218 A CN106784218 A CN 106784218A
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layer
nitride semiconductor
hole
type nitride
semiconductor layer
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CN201611148825.3A
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CN106784218B (en
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于娜
田艳红
顾小云
王力明
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HC Semitek Zhejiang Co Ltd
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HC Semitek Zhejiang Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L33/00Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L33/02Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies
    • H01L33/14Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies with a carrier transport control structure, e.g. highly-doped semiconductor layer or current-blocking structure
    • H01L33/145Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies with a carrier transport control structure, e.g. highly-doped semiconductor layer or current-blocking structure with a current-blocking structure

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Led Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an LED chip and a manufacturing method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of semiconductors. The LED chip comprises a substrate, an n-type nitride semiconductor layer, a light emitting layer, a p-type nitride semiconductor layer, a current blocking layer and a transparent conducting layer, wherein the n-type nitride semiconductor layer, the light emitting layer, the p-type nitride semiconductor layer, the current blocking layer and the transparent conducting layer are sequentially stacked on the substrate, a groove extending to the n-type nitride semiconductor layer is formed in the p-type nitride semiconductor layer, the side wall of the groove and the transparent conducting layer are provided with passivation layers, a first through hole extending to the p-type nitride semiconductor layer is formed in the passivation layer on the transparent conducting layer, a p-type electrode is arranged in the first through hole, a second through hole extending to the n-type nitride semiconductor layer is formed in the passivation layer on the n-type nitride. The light emitted below the current blocking layer can be emitted through the third through hole, so that the light emitting and brightness are improved.

Description

A kind of LED chip and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of semiconductors, more particularly to a kind of LED chip and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Light emitting diode (English:Light Emitting Diode, referred to as:LED) so that energy consumption is small, pollution-free, high brightness, The advantages such as long-life, as focus of concern, are applied to the fields such as illumination, backlight, screen display, automobile, medical treatment.
White light LEDs are generally obtained by GaN base LED chip excitated fluorescent powder, and wherein GaN base LED chip is mainly using following Step is realized:Growing n-type nitride semiconductor layer, active layer, p-type nitride semiconductor layer successively on a sapphire substrate;Profit The groove for extending to n-type nitride semiconductor layer is formed on p-type nitride semiconductor layer with photoetching technique;Using photoetching technique Current barrier layer is formed on p-type nitride semiconductor layer;Using photoetching technique in current barrier layer and p-type nitride-based semiconductor Transparency conducting layer is formed on layer;P-type electrode is formed on p-type nitride semiconductor layer using photoetching technique, in N-shaped nitride half N-type electrode is formed in conductor layer;Using photoetching technique in n-type nitride semiconductor layer, transparency conducting layer and recess sidewall Form passivation layer.
Realize it is of the invention during, inventor find prior art at least there is problems with:
Current barrier layer is generally arranged at the region of correspondence p-type electrode on p-type nitride semiconductor layer, it is to avoid electric current is direct From the transparency conducting layer of p-type electrode corresponding region longitudinal direction implanted with p-type nitride semiconductor layer, it is extending transversely to order about electric current, expands Light-emitting zone, lifts brightness and the luminous efficiency of LED chip.The light that current barrier layer lower section sends simultaneously can be by current blocking Layer absorbs, and influences LED chip brightness and luminous efficiency.
The content of the invention
In order to solve problem of the prior art, a kind of LED chip and preparation method thereof is the embodiment of the invention provides.It is described Technical scheme is as follows:
On the one hand, a kind of LED chip is the embodiment of the invention provides, the LED chip includes substrate and stacks gradually N-type nitride semiconductor layer over the substrate, luminescent layer, p-type nitride semiconductor layer, current barrier layer, electrically conducting transparent Layer, the p-type nitride semiconductor layer is provided with the groove for extending to the n-type nitride semiconductor layer, the N-shaped nitride Semiconductor layer, the side wall of the groove, the transparency conducting layer are provided with passivation layer, on the passivation layer on the transparency conducting layer The first through hole for extending to the p-type nitride semiconductor layer is provided with, p-type electrode is arranged in the first through hole, the N-shaped Passivation layer on nitride semiconductor layer is provided with the second through hole for extending to the n-type nitride semiconductor layer, and n-type electrode sets Put in second through hole, the current barrier layer is provided with and some extends to the 3rd of the p-type nitride semiconductor layer Through hole.
Alternatively, the third through-hole is cylinder.
Preferably, the cross section of the cylinder is any one in circle, triangle, square, hexagon.
It is highly preferred that the longest distance on the cross section of the cylinder between 2 points is 1~5 μm.
Alternatively, the current barrier layer is using one or more formation in following material:Silica, titanium dioxide Titanium, silicon nitride.
On the other hand, a kind of preparation method of LED chip is the embodiment of the invention provides, the preparation method includes:
Epitaxial growth n-type nitride semiconductor layer, luminescent layer, p-type nitride semiconductor layer successively on substrate;
The groove extended in the n-type nitride semiconductor layer is opened up on the p-type nitride semiconductor layer;
Current barrier layer is formed on the p-type nitride semiconductor layer, is provided with the current barrier layer and is extended to institute State the through hole of p-type gallium nitride semiconductor layers;
Transparency conducting layer, the electrically conducting transparent are formed on the current barrier layer and the p-type nitride semiconductor layer The through hole connected with the through hole in the p-type gallium nitride semiconductor layers is provided with layer;
Passivation layer is formed on the n-type nitride semiconductor layer, the side wall of the groove, the transparency conducting layer, institute State the through hole for being provided with the passivation layer on transparency conducting layer and being connected with the through hole in the transparency conducting layer, the transparency conducting layer On passivation layer in through hole, the through hole in the transparency conducting layer, in the current barrier layer through hole composition first through hole, Passivation layer in the n-type nitride semiconductor layer is provided with the second through hole for extending to the n-type nitride semiconductor layer;
P-type electrode is set in the first through hole, n-type electrode is set in second through hole;
Some third through-holes for extending to the p-type nitride semiconductor layer are additionally provided with the current barrier layer.
Alternatively, the third through-hole is cylinder.
Preferably, the cross section of the cylinder is any one in circle, triangle, square, hexagon.
It is highly preferred that the longest distance on the cross section of the cylinder between 2 points is 1~5 μm.
Alternatively, the current barrier layer is using one or more formation in following material:Silica, titanium dioxide Titanium, silicon nitride.
The beneficial effect that technical scheme provided in an embodiment of the present invention is brought is:
Electric current is avoided directly longitudinally to inject p from the transparency conducting layer of p-type electrode corresponding region by setting current barrier layer Type nitride semiconductor layer, it is extending transversely to order about electric current, expands light-emitting zone, while current barrier layer is provided with some extending to The third through-hole of p-type nitride semiconductor layer, the light that current barrier layer lower section sends can be projected by third through-hole, be improved The light extraction efficiency of LED chip, increased the luminosity of LED chip.And preparation method is simple, it is not necessary to extra to increase system Make step, cost of implementation is low.
Brief description of the drawings
Technical scheme in order to illustrate more clearly the embodiments of the present invention, below will be to that will make needed for embodiment description Accompanying drawing is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, for For those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, other can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings Accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of LED chip that the embodiment of the present invention one is provided;
Fig. 2 is the profile at A-A in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is a kind of schematic flow sheet of the preparation method of LED chip that the embodiment of the present invention two is provided.
Specific embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing to embodiment party of the present invention Formula is described in further detail.
Embodiment one
A kind of LED chip is the embodiment of the invention provides, referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the LED includes substrate 1 and successively layer Folded n-type nitride semiconductor layer 2 on substrate 1, luminescent layer 3, p-type nitride semiconductor layer 4, current barrier layer 5, transparent lead Electric layer 6, p-type nitride semiconductor layer 4 is provided with the groove for extending to n-type nitride semiconductor layer 2, N-shaped nitride-based semiconductor Layer 2, the side wall of groove, transparency conducting layer 6 are provided with passivation layer 7, and the passivation layer 7 on transparency conducting layer 6 is provided with and extends to p-type The first through hole of nitride semiconductor layer 4, p-type electrode 8 is arranged in first through hole, the passivation in n-type nitride semiconductor layer 2 Layer 7 is provided with the second through hole for extending to n-type nitride semiconductor layer 2, and n-type electrode 9 is arranged in the second through hole.
In the present embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2 current barrier layer 5 is provided with and some extends to p-type nitride semiconductor layer 4 Third through-hole 50.
Alternatively, third through-hole can be cylinder.
Preferably, the cross section of cylinder can be any one in circle, triangle, square, hexagon.
It is highly preferred that the longest distance on the cross section of cylinder between 2 points can be 1~5 μm.
Alternatively, current barrier layer can be using one or more formation in following material:Silica, titanium dioxide Titanium, silicon nitride.
Specifically, substrate can be Sapphire Substrate, it is also possible to nitride-based semiconductor, such as SiN, GaN;N-shaped nitride half Conductor layer can be the GaN layer of N-shaped doping;Luminescent layer can include that alternately laminated InGaN quantum well layers and GaN quantum are built Layer;P-type nitride semiconductor layer can be the GaN layer of p-type doping;Transparency conducting layer can be indium tin oxide layer;Passivation layer can Think silicon dioxide layer or silicon nitride layer;P-type electrode can include Ni layers, Al layers, Cr layers, Ni layers, Au layers stacked gradually, N-type electrode can include Ni layers, Al layers, Cr layers, Ni layers, Au layers stacked gradually.
The embodiment of the present invention avoids electric current directly from the electrically conducting transparent of p-type electrode corresponding region by setting current barrier layer The longitudinal implanted with p-type nitride semiconductor layer of layer, it is extending transversely to order about electric current, expands light-emitting zone, while being set on current barrier layer There are some third through-holes for extending to p-type nitride semiconductor layer, the light that current barrier layer lower section sends can be by the 3rd Through hole is projected, and improves the light extraction efficiency of LED chip, increased the luminosity of LED chip.And preparation method is simple, no Extra increase making step is needed, cost of implementation is low.
Embodiment two
A kind of preparation method of LED chip is the embodiment of the invention provides, referring to Fig. 3, the preparation method includes:
Step 201:Epitaxial growth n-type nitride semiconductor layer, luminescent layer, p-type nitride-based semiconductor successively on substrate Layer.
Specifically, substrate can be Sapphire Substrate, it is also possible to nitride-based semiconductor, such as SiN, GaN;N-shaped nitride half Conductor layer can be the GaN layer of N-shaped doping;Luminescent layer can include that alternately laminated InGaN quantum well layers and GaN quantum are built Layer;P-type nitride semiconductor layer can be the GaN layer of p-type doping.
Step 202:The groove for extending to n-type nitride semiconductor layer is opened up on p-type nitride semiconductor layer.
Step 203:Current barrier layer is formed on p-type nitride semiconductor layer, is provided with current barrier layer and is extended to p-type The through hole of gallium nitride semiconductor layers and some third through-holes for extending to p-type nitride semiconductor layer.
Alternatively, third through-hole can be cylinder.
Preferably, the cross section of cylinder can be any one in circle, triangle, square, hexagon.
It is highly preferred that the longest distance on the cross section of cylinder between 2 points can be 1~5 μm.
Alternatively, current barrier layer can be using one or more formation in following material:Silica, titanium dioxide Titanium, silicon nitride.
Step 204:Transparency conducting layer is formed on current barrier layer and p-type nitride semiconductor layer, in transparency conducting layer It is provided with the through hole connected with the through hole in p-type gallium nitride semiconductor layers.
Specifically, transparency conducting layer can be indium tin oxide layer.
Step 205:Passivation layer is formed on n-type nitride semiconductor layer, the side wall of groove, transparency conducting layer, it is transparent to lead The through hole connected with the through hole in transparency conducting layer is provided with passivation layer in electric layer, it is logical in the passivation layer on transparency conducting layer Through hole composition first through hole in through hole, current barrier layer in hole, transparency conducting layer is blunt in n-type nitride semiconductor layer Change layer and be provided with the second through hole for extending to n-type nitride semiconductor layer.
Specifically, passivation layer can be silicon dioxide layer or silicon nitride layer.
Step 206:P-type electrode is set in first through hole, n-type electrode is set in the second through hole.
Specifically, p-type electrode can include stack gradually Ni layers, Al layers, Cr layers, Ni layers, Au layers, and n-type electrode can be with Including Ni layers, Al layers, Cr layers, Ni layers, Au layers stacked gradually.
The embodiment of the present invention avoids electric current directly from the electrically conducting transparent of p-type electrode corresponding region by setting current barrier layer The longitudinal implanted with p-type nitride semiconductor layer of layer, it is extending transversely to order about electric current, expands light-emitting zone, while being set on current barrier layer There are some third through-holes for extending to p-type nitride semiconductor layer, the light that current barrier layer lower section sends can be by the 3rd Through hole is projected, and improves the light extraction efficiency of LED chip, increased the luminosity of LED chip.And preparation method is simple, no Extra increase making step is needed, cost of implementation is low.
Embodiment three
A kind of preparation method of LED chip is the embodiment of the invention provides, is the tool of the preparation method that embodiment two is provided Body realizes that the preparation method includes:
Step 301:Using Metalorganic Chemical Vapor Deposition on substrate epitaxial growth N-shaped nitride-based semiconductor successively Layer, luminescent layer, p-type nitride semiconductor layer, form epitaxial wafer.
Step 302:Cleaning epitaxial wafer, is opened using photoetching technique and dry etching technology on p-type nitride semiconductor layer If extending to the groove of n-type nitride semiconductor layer.
Step 303:Using chemical vapour deposition technique on epitaxial wafer cvd silicon dioxide film, and in positive photoresist Protection under wet etching formed and be covered with the current barrier layer of third through-hole, remove positive photoresist, the cross section of third through-hole It is 2 μm of circle of diameter.
Step 304:Indium tin oxide films, and the wet etching under the protection of positive photoresist are flashed to using high energy particle Transparency conducting layer is formed, positive photoresist is removed.
Step 305:It is using chemical vapour deposition technique cvd silicon dioxide film and wet under the protection of negative photoresist Method corrodes to form passivation layer.
Step 306:Metal film is flashed to using high energy particle, negative photoresist is peeled off and is formed p-type electrode and n-type electrode.
Example IV
A kind of preparation method of LED chip is the embodiment of the invention provides, is the tool of the preparation method that embodiment two is provided Body realizes that the preparation method includes:
Step 401:Using Metalorganic Chemical Vapor Deposition on substrate epitaxial growth N-shaped nitride-based semiconductor successively Layer, luminescent layer, p-type nitride semiconductor layer, form epitaxial wafer.
Step 402:Cleaning epitaxial wafer, is opened using photoetching technique and dry etching technology on p-type nitride semiconductor layer If extending to the groove of n-type nitride semiconductor layer.
Step 403:Using chemical vapour deposition technique on epitaxial wafer cvd silicon dioxide film, and in positive photoresist Protection under wet etching formed and be covered with the current barrier layer of third through-hole, remove positive photoresist, the cross section of third through-hole It is hexagon.
Step 404:Indium tin oxide films, and the wet etching under the protection of positive photoresist are flashed to using high energy particle Transparency conducting layer is formed, positive photoresist is removed.
Step 405:Metal film is flashed to using high energy particle, and wet etching forms p under the protection of positive photoresist Type electrode and n-type electrode.
Step 406:Using chemical vapour deposition technique cvd nitride silicon thin film, and the dry method under the protection of positive photoresist Corrosion forms passivation layer.
The embodiments of the present invention are for illustration only, and the quality of embodiment is not represented.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not intended to limit the invention, it is all it is of the invention spirit and Within principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc. should be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of LED chip, the LED chip includes that substrate and the N-shaped nitride for stacking gradually over the substrate are partly led Body layer, luminescent layer, p-type nitride semiconductor layer, current barrier layer, transparency conducting layer, set on the p-type nitride semiconductor layer There is a groove for extending to the n-type nitride semiconductor layer, it is the n-type nitride semiconductor layer, the side wall of the groove, described Transparency conducting layer is provided with passivation layer, and the passivation layer on the transparency conducting layer is provided with and extends to the p-type nitride and partly lead The first through hole of body layer, p-type electrode is arranged in the first through hole, on the passivation layer in the n-type nitride semiconductor layer The second through hole for extending to the n-type nitride semiconductor layer is provided with, n-type electrode is arranged in second through hole, its feature It is that the current barrier layer is provided with some third through-holes for extending to the p-type nitride semiconductor layer.
2. LED chip according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the third through-hole is cylinder.
3. LED chip according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the cross section of the cylinder is circle, triangle, side Any one in shape, hexagon.
4. LED chip according to claim 3, it is characterised in that most long between 2 points on the cross section of the cylinder Distance is 1~5 μm.
5. the LED chip according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, it is characterised in that the current barrier layer uses following material One or more formation in material:Silica, titanium dioxide, silicon nitride.
6. a kind of preparation method of LED chip, the preparation method includes:
Epitaxial growth n-type nitride semiconductor layer, luminescent layer, p-type nitride semiconductor layer successively on substrate;
The groove extended in the n-type nitride semiconductor layer is opened up on the p-type nitride semiconductor layer;
Current barrier layer is formed on the p-type nitride semiconductor layer, is provided with the current barrier layer and is extended to the p-type The through hole of gallium nitride semiconductor layers;
Transparency conducting layer is formed on the current barrier layer and the p-type nitride semiconductor layer, in the transparency conducting layer It is provided with the through hole connected with the through hole in the p-type gallium nitride semiconductor layers;
Passivation layer is formed on the n-type nitride semiconductor layer, the side wall of the groove, the transparency conducting layer, it is described The through hole connected with the through hole in the transparency conducting layer is provided with passivation layer on bright conductive layer, on the transparency conducting layer The through hole in through hole, the transparency conducting layer in passivation layer, the composition first through hole of the through hole in the current barrier layer, it is described Passivation layer in n-type nitride semiconductor layer is provided with the second through hole for extending to the n-type nitride semiconductor layer;
P-type electrode is set in the first through hole, n-type electrode is set in second through hole;
Characterized in that, being additionally provided with some threeways for extending to the p-type nitride semiconductor layer on the current barrier layer Hole.
7. preparation method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the third through-hole is cylinder.
8. preparation method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the cross section of the cylinder is circle, triangle, side Any one in shape, hexagon.
9. preparation method according to claim 8, it is characterised in that most long between 2 points on the cross section of the cylinder Distance is 1~5 μm.
10. the preparation method according to any one of claim 6~9, it is characterised in that the current barrier layer is using following One or more formation in material:Silica, titanium dioxide, silicon nitride.
CN201611148825.3A 2016-12-13 2016-12-13 LED chip and manufacturing method thereof Active CN106784218B (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107331749A (en) * 2017-05-27 2017-11-07 华灿光电(浙江)有限公司 Preparation method of light emitting diode chip
CN108133999A (en) * 2017-12-22 2018-06-08 湘能华磊光电股份有限公司 A kind of LED chip structure and preparation method thereof
CN110165025A (en) * 2019-03-29 2019-08-23 华灿光电(苏州)有限公司 Light-emitting diode chip for backlight unit, light emitting diode and preparation method thereof
CN112385052A (en) * 2019-10-23 2021-02-19 安徽三安光电有限公司 Light emitting diode and manufacturing method thereof

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US6420732B1 (en) * 2000-06-26 2002-07-16 Luxnet Corporation Light emitting diode of improved current blocking and light extraction structure
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CN102569575A (en) * 2010-12-22 2012-07-11 上海蓝光科技有限公司 Light-emitting diode chip structure
CN103078027A (en) * 2013-01-31 2013-05-01 武汉迪源光电科技有限公司 Light emitting diode with current barrier layer
CN104795477A (en) * 2015-03-03 2015-07-22 华灿光电(苏州)有限公司 Light emitting diode chip with inverse structure and preparation method thereof
CN105720156A (en) * 2016-02-03 2016-06-29 华灿光电(苏州)有限公司 Light emitting diode and manufacturing method therefor

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US6420732B1 (en) * 2000-06-26 2002-07-16 Luxnet Corporation Light emitting diode of improved current blocking and light extraction structure
KR20120037636A (en) * 2010-10-12 2012-04-20 엘지이노텍 주식회사 A light emitting device and a light emitting device package
CN102569575A (en) * 2010-12-22 2012-07-11 上海蓝光科技有限公司 Light-emitting diode chip structure
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CN110165025A (en) * 2019-03-29 2019-08-23 华灿光电(苏州)有限公司 Light-emitting diode chip for backlight unit, light emitting diode and preparation method thereof
CN112385052A (en) * 2019-10-23 2021-02-19 安徽三安光电有限公司 Light emitting diode and manufacturing method thereof

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