CN106771066A - The analogue experiment installation and synergic monitoring method of mining overburden motion influence ore deposit pressure - Google Patents
The analogue experiment installation and synergic monitoring method of mining overburden motion influence ore deposit pressure Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses the analogue experiment installation and synergic monitoring method of mining overburden motion influence ore deposit pressure, belong to mining engineering field.Manifest monitoring including stope overlying strata motion monitoring, stope cover stress transmission monitoring and stope mine pressing, stope overlying strata motion monitoring is divided into key stratum first breaking motion monitoring and key stratum periodic failure motion monitoring, the transmission monitoring of stope cover stress is that monitoring is transmitted to the stress of each key stratum bottom interface of overlying strata, and stope mine pressing manifests monitoring includes working resistance of support monitoring with the monitoring of support decrement.All detections are gathered via same dynamic acquisition card and host computer.Its simple structure, easy to use, Detection results are good, and the periodic failure motion that can study stope mine pressing rule and many key stratums of anomaly, overlying strata and high-rise position key stratum influences on Face Pressure.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to pit mining experimental provision and monitoring method, especially the simulation reality of mining overburden motion influence ore deposit pressure
Experiment device and synergic monitoring method, belong to mining engineering field.
Background technology
Stope mine pressing depends primarily on stope overlying strata property and motion, research stope mine pressing generality rule and anomaly
Inner link be unable to do without stope overlying strata moved and research to stope influencing mechanism.Therefore, real using theory analysis, scene
The method such as survey and simulated experiment is studied.
In research on stope sand coated iron mold and motion, the vital edge of masonry beam theory and corresponding CONTROL OF STRATA MOVEMENT
Acceptance highest, it is most widely used.With the progress of measurement technology, the field observation technology of Stope roof overlying strata motion is day by day
It is perfect, it is divided on borehole observation and well by the difference of observation place and is observed.Borehole observation technology is typically suitable up and down by working face
Oblique working face top is observed in groove, and Main Means are boring method (hole intrinsic displacement meter, drilling are spied on), micro-seismic method etc.,
Stop observation when the advance of the face to observation station, and now exactly roof overburden active period, it can be seen that the method is observed
Scope, position, time are not very good.Additionally, overhauling when stopping adopting, specified location is pushed up straight up in working face
Plate observation is a kind of static observation method, it is impossible to observed with adopting dynamic process.Observed on well, be a kind of observation position it is any,
Scope comprehensively, with adopt dynamic observation preferable observation procedure, mainly by surface drilling realize, can drilling in arrangement displacement
Observation station carries out overlying strata movement observations using the Peep Technology that drills, but its cost is high, drilling may due to wrong hole, collapse hole and
Interrupt observation.
For problem that is this complicated and being not easy to measurement research, studied frequently with similarity simulation experiment technology, removed
Outside Numerical Experiment, perfect with the theory of similarity and simulating experiment technique, physical simulation technology has become one kind
Mining engineering research field main flow, efficient research meanses.At present for the simulation experiment study of stope mine pressing in, exist following
Railway Project：It is normal only for one of them or several objects in multiple quantization observation indexs such as stope mine pressing and overlying strata motion
Or index is observed；The observation of some indexs is only by particular moment static observation, and the motion of stope overlying strata is for stope mine pressing
Influence be a dynamic action process manifested by the time；It is infrared energy observation, microseism technology, acoustic emission, dynamic
Although the observation procedures such as state photography displacement measuring technology can accomplish the dynamic observation to overlying strata, it is easy to be subject to experimental situation
With the interference of operation, use requirement is extremely harsh；Cannot be referred to other quantizations by methods such as visual phenomenon judgement, phenomenon descriptions
Mark synchronization comparative analysis well.
The content of the invention
Technical purpose：It is effectively comprehensively dynamic to covering for the weak point of above-mentioned technology, there is provided a kind of with strong points
Rock and stope carry out experimental monitoring, realize the dynamic of related data, synchronization, integration monitoring, are influenceed by being moved on overlying strata
The synchronous comparative analysis of stope mine pressing data, research overlying strata move the affecting laws to stope mine pressing, and then inherently explain
The analogue experiment installation and synergic monitoring method of the mining overburden motion influence ore deposit pressure of strata pressure laws and anomaly.
Technical scheme：To realize above-mentioned technical purpose, the simulated experiment dress of mining overburden motion influence ore deposit pressure of the invention
Put, including experimental model casing, the four walls flexible connection of experimental model casing, it is characterised in that：It also includes simulation coal mining branch
Frame group and data collecting system；
The experimental model casing can according to actual needs adjust length, width and height；
The experimental model box house is provided with simulated experiment model, and the simulated experiment model bottom is test coal seam,
Test coal seam top is test rock stratum, and the test coal seam is coal seam, and the test coal seam is respectively arranged at two ends with open-off cut and stops
Line is adopted, test rock stratum top layer is provided with incompetent bed, and test rock stratum includes that the incompetent bed being arranged alternately from bottom to top and overlying strata are closed
The number of plies of key layer, the incompetent bed and key strata of covering rock needs adjustment according to experiment；
Wherein most press close to the key strata of covering rock in coal seam for ground floor inferior key strata, the key strata of covering rock near top is for most
High-rise position key stratum, the key strata of covering rock between ground floor inferior key strata and top position key stratum is n-th layer key stratum, in institute
The upper interface surface for stating every layer of key strata of covering rock lower section correspondence incompetent bed is disposed with multiple pressure sensors, the pressure sensor 16
It is soil pressure cell, and uses tilt layout；
The simulation coal mining support group includes being disposed side by side on the end branch that coal-face or so two ends are simulated at coal seam
Frame, is provided with intermediate support side by side in the middle of two end frames, support compression is respectively arranged with two end frames in the left and right
The hydraulic sensing for collection work drag data is mounted on the oil cylinder of amount displacement transducer, end frame and intermediate support
Device；
The data collecting system includes collection sensor and data processing equipment, and the collection sensor includes being arranged on
Anchor pin group is surveyed in the crucial block motion of every layer of key strata of covering rock, and every group of crucial block motion is surveyed anchor pin group and be interval vertical insertion overlying strata
Anchor pin is surveyed in the crucial block motion of key stratum, and model outside is provided with crucial block block moving displacement fixing rack for sensor, crucial block block fortune
Dynamic displacement transducer fixed mount is provided with identical with crucial block motion survey anchor pin quantity and one-to-one crucial block block motion bit
Displacement sensor, each crucial block block moving displacement sensor is surveyed with corresponding crucial block motion and moved by crucial block between anchor pin
Linkage rope is connected, and motion linkage rope is in tensioned state,
The data processing equipment includes PC main frames, and the input of PC main frames is connected with the output end of dynamic acquisition card,
The input of dynamic acquisition card respectively with pressure sensor, support decrement displacement transducer, hydrostatic sensor and all keys
The output end of block block moving displacement sensor is connected.
The pressure sensor is soil pressure cell, and uses tilt layout.
Transported by crucial block between the input of the dynamic acquisition card and crucial block block moving displacement sensor output
Dynamic displacement transducer signal line is connected, between the input of dynamic acquisition card and the output end of support decrement displacement transducer
It is connected by hydraulic pressure signal line, support decrement is passed through between the input of dynamic acquisition card and the output end of hydrostatic sensor
Displacement transducer signal line is connected.
The method of being in tilted layout of the pressure sensor is：When laying finishes n-th layer key stratum preceding layer soft rock, at this
Soft rock top circle width W directions middle position, row's pressure sensing is placed from open-off cut to stopping adopting line direction horizontal homogeneous interval d
Device, this ranked first a pressure sensor apart from open-off cut horizontal range sn=s1-ΔHnCot θ, wherein, s1For lowest level is closed
The horizontal range of wrong open-off cut, s in key layer first pressure sensor of bottom interface1It is 25cm-40cm；ΔHnIt is n-th layer key stratum
With the vertical range of lowest level key interlayer；θ is overlying strata break corner, takes 75 °, is total to per row pressure force snesor
Individual, in formula, L can adopt length, s for simulated experiment modelnCut to stagger in first pressure sensor of n-th layer key stratum bottom interface
The horizontal range of eye, d is the level interval of pressure sensor, by experiment it is specific it needs to be determined that, the pressure of each pressure sensor
Holding wire is drawn to side outside model, and pressure signal line is numbered one by one, in case obscuring, remaining each key stratum is as stated above
Arrange in the same fashion.
The simulated experiment synergic monitoring method of mining overburden motion influence ore deposit pressure, step is as follows：
A. coal seam according to stope to be measured, incompetent bed and key strata of covering rock quantity and its positional information utilize experimental model case
Body arrangement coal seam, incompetent bed and key strata of covering rock, and multiple pressure sensors are set in each key stratum bottom interface of overlying strata, so that
Constitute simulated experiment model；
B. four walls of experimental model casing are disassembled after wait simulated experiment model forming, is installed on the outside of test model and closed
Key block block moving displacement fixing rack for sensor, crucial block motion is installed on key strata of covering rock and surveys anchor pin, in the motion of crucial block block
The crucial block motion for surveying anchor pin group with crucial block motion is installed on displacement transducer fixed mount and surveys the equal crucial block of anchor pin quantity
Block moving displacement sensor, moves linkage rope and connects the two using crucial block, and motion linkage rope is in tensioned state, leads to
The motion conditions of anchor pin and crucial block block moving displacement Sensor monitoring key strata of covering rock are surveyed in the key block that reaches a standard motion；
C. will be transported by crucial block between the input of dynamic acquisition card and crucial block block moving displacement sensor output
Dynamic displacement transducer signal line is connected, between the input of dynamic acquisition card and the output end of support decrement displacement transducer
It is connected by hydraulic pressure signal line, support decrement is passed through between the input of dynamic acquisition card and the output end of hydrostatic sensor
Displacement transducer signal line is connected；
D. open-off cut is arranged in the coal seam of simulated experiment model and stops adopting line, simulation coal mining support group is arranged on to open and is cut
Eye place simulation coal-face, coal-face carries out back production to stopping adopting line direction from open-off cut, after one drilling depth of each back production
Immediate support is carried out, support group is simulated and is dropped frame one by one, moves frame, just support, until exploitation is to stopping adopting line completion simulation exploitation, simulation is opened
Adopt middle PC main frames and the data that send of all the sensors are detected by dynamic acquisition card, so as to adopting for obtaining carrying out in recovery process
Overlying strata movement observations, stope cover stress transmission observation and stope mine pressing manifest the data that observation is obtained, and carry out overlying strata fortune
Dynamic influence stope mine pressing data analysis.
It is described monitoring key strata of covering rock motion method include first breaking when key strata of covering rock motion monitoring method and
The monitoring method of key strata of covering rock motion during periodic failure.
The monitoring method of key strata of covering rock motion during the first breaking：The monitoring of random layer key strata of covering rock is chosen, with
Simulation coal-face propulsion, before the first breaking of any tested key strata of covering rock, by a crucial block movement observations anchor pin
Vertical to be inserted at the 1cm-3cm of the geosutures of theoretical prediction front, crucial block moving displacement sensor starts acquisition testing data, after
Continuous simulation coal-face propulsion, until the key stratum continues to occur to terminate the measuring point key stratum after periodic failure twice to break for the first time
Disconnected motion monitoring.
The monitoring method of key strata of covering rock motion during the periodic failure：By taking random layer key strata of covering rock as an example, when the pass
Start key strata of covering rock periodic failure motion monitoring after key layer first breaking, when preceding 2-3 periodic failure key stratum movement is monitored,
By a crucial block movement observations anchor pin be vertically inserted in vital edge predetermined period fracture step geosutures front horizontal away from
Away from 1cm-2cm, until block where the measuring point and its next block terminate a key stratum week completely from the crucial fault rupture
Phase is disrumpent feelings movement observations；Continue to advance with working face, after 2-3 new periodic failure is completed, with 2-3 times before this new cycle
The periodic fracture length average value of disrumpent feelings gained is reference, is equally spaced before the appearance of each key stratum Key Blocks fracture crack
Measuring point；Repeating the above method carries out identical monitoring operation to first breaking, each periodic failure of all key stratums.
The crucial block motion is surveyed anchor pin insertion key strata of covering rock depth and is more than 3cm, less than areal model width 1/2,
So that it is guaranteed that while firm, reduce to model rock stratum damage influence, and anchor pin protruded length is 5cm, is easy to and crucial block block
Moving displacement sensor is connected.
Beneficial effect：
(1) situ conversion for being difficult to carry out overlying strata motion influence ore deposit pressure data observation is idealization Physical Experiment model；
(2) the method collect stope overlying strata motion monitoring, stope cover stress transmission monitoring and stope mine pressing manifest monitor in
Integrally, data acquisition is complete, realizes the dynamic of related data, synchronization, integration monitoring；
(3) research emphasis are highlighted with the experimental technique that key stratum amount is main overlying strata research object, exclude secondary cause,
Monitoring hardware quantity and operation are saved, later data analysis series amount is also reduced；
(4) the sensor high frequency collection of fast-response can in detail reflect that overlying strata are moved and ore deposit presses dynamic change mistake with adopting
Journey；
(5) overlying strata it is dynamic with stope, synchronous, integration monitoring it is more deep for the research of stope mine pressing, by covering
The synchronous comparative analysis of rock motion influence stope mine pressing data, research overlying strata move the affecting laws to stope mine pressing, Jin Ercong
Substantially explain strata pressure laws and anomaly；
(6) for the influence of the periodic failure motion stage to Face Pressure of many key stratums of overlying strata and high-rise position key stratum is ground
The effective Research Thinking of offer and means are provided.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that stope cover stress of the invention transmission monitoring pressure sensor is in tilted layout method schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is key strata of covering rock fractographic pattern structural representation of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the profile of disrumpent feelings rear model structure I-I of key strata of covering rock of the invention；
Fig. 4 is the simulated experiment synergic monitoring system schematic of mining overburden motion influence ore deposit pressure of the invention.
In figure：1- coal seams, 2- incompetent beds, 3- ground floor inferior key stratas, 4- n-th layer key stratums, the top position key stratums of 5-,
6- open-off cuts, 7- stops adopting line, 8- key block block moving displacement fixing rack for sensor, 9- key block block moving displacement sensors, 10-
Crucial block moves linkage rope, and anchor pin, 12- end frames, 13- intermediate supports, 14- supports decrement position are surveyed in 11- key block motions
Displacement sensor, 15- hydrostatic sensors, 16- pressure sensors, 17- key block moving displacement sensor signal lines, 18- pressure letter
Number line, 19- hydraulic pressure signal lines, 20- support decrement displacement transducer signal lines, 21- dynamic acquisition cards, 22-PC main frames.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 4, the analogue experiment installation of mining overburden motion influence ore deposit pressure of the invention, it includes experiment
Model casing, four walls of experimental model casing are flexibly connected, also including simulation coal mining support group and data collecting system；
The experimental model casing can according to actual needs adjust length, width and height；
The experimental model box house is provided with simulated experiment model, and the simulated experiment model bottom is test coal seam,
Test coal seam top is test rock stratum, and the test coal seam is coal seam 1, and the test coal seam 1 is respectively arranged at two ends with the He of open-off cut 6
Stop adopting line 7, test rock stratum top layer is provided with incompetent bed 2, and test rock stratum includes the incompetent bed 2 being arranged alternately from bottom to top and covers
The number of plies of rock key stratum, the incompetent bed 2 and key strata of covering rock needs adjustment according to experiment；
Wherein most press close to the key strata of covering rock in coal seam 1 for ground floor inferior key strata 3, the key strata of covering rock near top is
Top position key stratum 5, the key strata of covering rock between ground floor inferior key strata 3 and top position key stratum 5 is n-th layer key stratum
4, the upper interface surface of correspondence incompetent bed 2 is disposed with multiple pressure sensors 16, the pressure below every layer of key strata of covering rock
Force snesor 16 is soil pressure cell, and uses tilt layout；
The simulation coal mining support group includes being disposed side by side on the end branch that coal-face or so two ends are simulated at coal seam 1
Frame 12, is provided with intermediate support 13 side by side in the middle of two end frames 12, be respectively arranged with two end frames 12 in the left and right
It is mounted on for collection work resistance on the oil cylinder of support decrement displacement transducer 14, end frame 12 and intermediate support 13
The hydrostatic sensor 15 of data；
The data collecting system includes collection sensor and data processing equipment, and the collection sensor includes being arranged on
Anchor pin group is surveyed in the crucial block motion of every layer of key strata of covering rock, and every group of crucial block motion is surveyed anchor pin group and be interval vertical insertion overlying strata
Anchor pin 11 is surveyed in the crucial block motion of key stratum, and model outside is provided with crucial block block moving displacement fixing rack for sensor 8, crucial block block
Moving displacement fixing rack for sensor 8 is provided with identical with crucial block motion survey anchor 11 quantity of pin and one-to-one crucial block block and transports
Dynamic displacement transducer 9, each crucial block block moving displacement sensor 9 is surveyed with corresponding crucial block motion and passes through to close between anchor pin 11
Key block motion linkage rope 10 is connected, and motion linkage rope is in tensioned state,
The data processing equipment includes PC main frames 22, the input of PC main frames 22 and the output end phase of dynamic acquisition card 21
Connection, the input of dynamic acquisition card 21 respectively with pressure sensor 16, support decrement displacement transducer 14, hydrostatic sensor
15 are connected with the output end of all crucial block block moving displacement sensors 9.
By crucial block between the input of the dynamic acquisition card 21 and the crucial output end of block block moving displacement sensor 9
Moving displacement sensor signal lines 17 are connected, and the input of dynamic acquisition card 21 is defeated with support decrement displacement transducer 14
Go out between holding and be connected by hydraulic pressure signal line 19, between the input of dynamic acquisition card 21 and the output end of hydrostatic sensor 15
It is connected by support decrement displacement transducer signal line 20.
The method of being in tilted layout of the pressure sensor 16 is：When laying finishes n-th layer key stratum preceding layer soft rock 2,
Boundary width W directions middle position is pushed up in the soft rock 2, a row pressure power is placed from open-off cut to stopping adopting line direction horizontal homogeneous interval d
Sensor 16, this ranked first a pressure sensor 16 apart from the horizontal range s of open-off cut 6n=s1-ΔHnCot θ, wherein, s1For
The horizontal range of wrong open-off cut 6, s in lowest level key stratum 3 bottom interface, first pressure sensor 161It is 25cm-40cm；Δ
HnIt is the vertical range between n-th layer key stratum and lowest level key stratum 3；θ is overlying strata break corner, takes 75 °, often arranges pressure sensing
Device 16 is total toIndividual, in formula, L can adopt length, s for simulated experiment modelnIt is first pressure of n-th layer key stratum bottom interface
The horizontal range of wrong open-off cut 6 in force snesor 16, d is the level interval of pressure sensor, by experiment it is specific it needs to be determined that, often
The pressure signal line 18 of individual pressure sensor 16 is drawn to side outside model, and pressure signal line 18 is numbered one by one, in case mixed
Confuse, remaining each key stratum is arranged in the same fashion as stated above.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the simulated experiment synergic monitoring method of mining overburden motion influence ore deposit pressure, its step is as follows：
A. coal seam according to stope to be measured, incompetent bed and key strata of covering rock quantity and its positional information utilize experimental model case
Body arrangement coal seam 1, incompetent bed 2 and key strata of covering rock, and multiple pressure sensors 16 are set in each key stratum bottom interface of overlying strata,
So as to constitute simulated experiment model；
B. four walls of experimental model casing are disassembled after wait simulated experiment model forming, is installed on the outside of test model and closed
Key block block moving displacement fixing rack for sensor 8, crucial block motion is installed on key strata of covering rock and surveys anchor pin 11, in crucial block block fortune
The crucial block motion for surveying anchor pin group with crucial block motion is installed on dynamic displacement transducer fixed mount 8 and surveys the equal pass of anchor 11 quantity of pin
Key block block moving displacement sensor 9, moves linkage rope 10 and connects the two, and be in motion linkage rope and tighten using crucial block
State, the motion conditions for surveying anchor pin 11 and the monitoring key strata of covering rock of crucial block block moving displacement sensor 9 are moved by crucial block；
It is described monitoring key strata of covering rock motion method include first breaking when key strata of covering rock motion monitoring method and
The monitoring method of key strata of covering rock motion during periodic failure：
The monitoring method of key strata of covering rock motion during the first breaking：The monitoring of random layer key strata of covering rock is chosen, with
Simulation coal-face propulsion, before the first breaking of any tested key strata of covering rock, by a crucial block movement observations anchor pin
11 are vertically inserted at the 1cm-3cm of the geosutures of theoretical prediction front, and crucial block moving displacement sensor 9 starts acquisition testing number
According to coal-face propulsion is simulated in continuation, until the key stratum continues to terminate the measuring point key stratum after there is periodic failure twice
First breaking motion monitoring；
The monitoring method of key strata of covering rock motion during the periodic failure：By taking random layer key strata of covering rock as an example, when the pass
Start key strata of covering rock periodic failure motion monitoring after key layer first breaking, when preceding 2-3 periodic failure key stratum movement is monitored,
A piece crucial block movement observations anchor pin 11 is vertically inserted in vital edge predetermined period fracture step geosutures front horizontal
At 1cm-2cm, until the place block of measuring point 11 and its next block are completely from the crucial fault rupture, terminate once crucial
Layer periodic failure movement observations；Continue to advance with working face, it is new with 2-3 times before this after 2-3 new periodic failure is completed
Periodic fracture length average value obtained by periodic failure is reference, before the appearance of each key stratum Key Blocks fracture crack equidistantly
Arrangement measuring point；Repeating the above method carries out identical monitoring behaviour to first breaking, each periodic failure of all key strata of covering rock
Make；
The crucial block motion is surveyed anchor pin 11 and inserts key strata of covering rock depth more than 3cm, less than areal model width 1/
2, so that it is guaranteed that while firm, reduce to model rock stratum damage influence, and anchor pin protruded length is 5cm, is easy to and crucial block
Block moving displacement sensor 9 is connected；
C. crucial block will be passed through between the input of dynamic acquisition card 21 and the crucial output end of block block moving displacement sensor 9
Moving displacement sensor signal lines 17 are connected, and the input of dynamic acquisition card 21 is defeated with support decrement displacement transducer 14
Go out between holding and be connected by hydraulic pressure signal line 19, between the input of dynamic acquisition card 21 and the output end of hydrostatic sensor 15
It is connected by support decrement displacement transducer signal line 20；
D. open-off cut 6 is arranged in the coal seam 1 of simulated experiment model and stops adopting line 7, simulation coal mining support group is arranged on
Simulate coal-face at open-off cut 6, coal-face carries out back production, each back production one to stopping adopting the direction of line 7 from open-off cut 6
Immediate support is carried out after drilling depth, simulation support group drops frame, moves frame, just support one by one, until exploitation is opened to stopping adopting the completion simulation of line 7
Adopt, PC main frames 22 detect the data that all the sensors send by dynamic acquisition card 21 in simulation exploitation, so as to be exploited
During carry out stope overlying strata movement observations, stope cover stress transmission observation and stope mine pressing manifest observation obtain number
According to, and carry out overlying strata motion influence stope mine pressing data analysis.
Before physical simulation experiment modelling, Judging key stratum is carried out according to the learning prototype full column information of drilling first,
Determine key strata of covering rock quantity and its position.
Before experiment, by the holding wire 17 of crucial block moving displacement sensor 9, the holding wire 18, support of pressure sensor 16
The holding wire 20 of decrement displacement transducer 14, the holding wire 19 of hydrostatic sensor 15 access dynamic acquisition card 21, dynamic acquisition
Card 21 is connected with host computer PC main frame 22, and to system power supply, starts dynamic, synchronization, combined geometry.
In model exploitation, after the open-off cut 6 of coal seam 1, simulation support, the both sides of end frame 12 each are arranged in working face
Frame, and installing displacement transducer 14 between set cap, base on the outside of model, to realize that support compresses discharge observation.Centre branch
Depending on the number of frame 13 is according to concrete model width W and support width match condition, the displacement of support pressure contracting discharge observation is not installed
Sensor 14.The oil cylinder of all simulation supports configures hydrostatic sensor 15, to realize that working resistance of support is observed.Working face by
Open-off cut 6 carries out back production to stopping adopting the direction of line 7.Each cyclic advance 1cm-5cm, is propped up in time after one drilling depth of each back production
Shield, force piece 12,13 drops frame, moves frame, just support one by one.
Stope overlying strata motion monitoring be divided into key stratum first breaking motion monitoring and key stratum periodic failure motion monitoring with
As a example by kth layer key stratum.With the advance of the face, kth layer key stratum before first breaking, by the anchor pin 11 of crucial block movement observations
It is vertical to be inserted in theoretical prediction frost breakage length middle part bottom interface crack front 1cm-3cm, depth of stratum medium position, by closing
Key block moves link gear rope and the crucial block moving displacement sensor being fixed on crucial block moving displacement fixing rack for sensor 8
9 are compacted connection using draw-wire displacement sensor, until the key stratum continues to terminate measuring point pass after there is periodic failure twice
Key layer first breaking motion monitoring.
After kth layer key stratum first breaking, key stratum periodic failure motion monitoring is proceeded by.By crucial block motion monitoring
Anchor pin 11 vertical be inserted in position in kth layer key stratum periodic failure fracture step front end horizontal range 1cm-2cm, depth of stratum
Put, until the place block of measuring point 11 and its next block are completely from crucial fault rupture, the key stratum cycle for terminating this measuring point breaks
Disconnected motion monitoring.By preceding method, first breaking, each periodic failure to all key stratums carry out identical monitoring operation.
So until working face extraction stops host computer PC host supervision program to stopping adopting line 7, collection is preserved and derived
Data, so that the related data on overlying strata motion influence stope mine pressing experiment synchronizes comparative analysis.
Claims (9)
1. mining overburden motion influences the analogue experiment installation of ore deposit pressure, and it includes experimental model casing, the four of experimental model casing
Wall is flexibly connected, it is characterised in that：It also includes simulation coal mining support group and data collecting system；
The experimental model casing can according to actual needs adjust length, width and height；
The experimental model box house is provided with simulated experiment model, and the simulated experiment model bottom is test coal seam, test
Coal seam top is test rock stratum, and the test coal seam is coal seam (1), and the test coal seam (1) is respectively arranged at two ends with open-off cut (6)
With stop adopting line (7), test rock stratum top layer is provided with incompetent bed (2), and test rock stratum includes the soft rock being arranged alternately from bottom to top
The number of plies of layer (2) and key strata of covering rock, the incompetent bed (2) and key strata of covering rock needs adjustment according to experiment；
Wherein most press close to the key strata of covering rock in coal seam (1) for ground floor inferior key strata (3), the key strata of covering rock near top is
Top position key stratum (5), the key strata of covering rock between ground floor inferior key strata (3) and top position key stratum (5) is n-th layer
Key stratum (4), the upper interface surface of correspondence incompetent bed (2) is disposed with multiple pressure sensors below every layer of key strata of covering rock
(16)；
The simulation coal mining support group includes being disposed side by side on the end frame at coal seam (1) place simulation coal-face or so two ends
(12) intermediate support (13), is provided with the middle of two end frames (12) side by side, on two end frames (12) in the left and right respectively
Be provided with support decrement displacement transducer (14), be mounted on the oil cylinder of end frame (12) and intermediate support (13) for
The hydrostatic sensor (15) of collection work drag data；
The data collecting system includes collection sensor and data processing equipment, and the collection sensor includes being arranged on every layer
The crucial block motion survey anchor pin group of key strata of covering rock, every group of crucial block motion is surveyed anchor pin group and is interval vertical insertion overlying strata key
Anchor pin (11) is surveyed in the crucial block motion of layer, and model outside is provided with crucial block block moving displacement fixing rack for sensor (8), crucial block block
Moving displacement fixing rack for sensor (8) is provided with identical with crucial block motion survey anchor pin (11) quantity and one-to-one crucial block
Block moving displacement sensor (9), each crucial block block moving displacement sensor (9) surveys anchor pin (11) with corresponding crucial block motion
Between linkage rope (10) moved by crucial block connect, and motion linkage rope is in tensioned state,
The data processing equipment includes PC main frames (22), the input of PC main frames (22) and the output end of dynamic acquisition card (21)
Be connected, the input of dynamic acquisition card (21) respectively with pressure sensor (16), support decrement displacement transducer (14), liquid
Pressure sensor (15) is connected with the output end of all crucial block block moving displacement sensors (9).
2. mining overburden motion according to claim 1 influences the analogue experiment installation of ore deposit pressure, it is characterised in that：The pressure
Force snesor (16) is soil pressure cell, and uses tilt layout.
3. mining overburden motion according to claim 1 influences the analogue experiment installation of ore deposit pressure, it is characterised in that：It is described dynamic
Passed by crucial block moving displacement between the input of state capture card (21) and crucial block block moving displacement sensor (9) output end
Sensor signal line (17) is connected, the input of dynamic acquisition card (21) and the output end of support decrement displacement transducer (14)
Between be connected by hydraulic pressure signal line (19), the input of dynamic acquisition card (21) and the output end of hydrostatic sensor (15) it
Between be connected by support decrement displacement transducer signal line (20).
4. mining overburden motion according to claim 1 influences the analogue experiment installation of ore deposit pressure, it is characterised in that the pressure
The method of being in tilted layout of force snesor (16) is：When laying finishes n-th layer key stratum preceding layer soft rock (2), in the soft rock (2)
Top circle width W directions middle position, a row pressure force snesor is placed from open-off cut to stopping adopting line direction horizontal homogeneous interval d
(16), this ranked first a pressure sensor (16) apart from open-off cut (6) horizontal range sn=s1-ΔHnCot θ, wherein, s1For
The horizontal range of wrong open-off cut (6), s in first pressure sensor (16) of lowest level key stratum (3) bottom interface1It is 25cm-
40cm；ΔHnIt is the vertical range between n-th layer key stratum and lowest level key stratum (3)；θ is overlying strata break corner, takes 75 °, often
Row pressure force snesor (16) is altogetherIndividual, in formula, L can adopt length, s for simulated experiment modelnIt is n-th layer key stratum bottom
The horizontal range of wrong open-off cut (6) in the pressure sensor (16) of first, interface, d is the level interval of pressure sensor, by reality
Test it is specific it needs to be determined that, the pressure signal line (18) of each pressure sensor (16) is drawn to side outside model, and to pressure letter
Number line (18) is numbered one by one, in case obscuring, remaining each key stratum is arranged in the same fashion as stated above.
5. the mining overburden motion of experimental rig influences the simulated experiment synergic monitoring side of ore deposit pressure described in a kind of usage right requirement 1
Method, it is characterised in that step is as follows：
A. coal seam according to stope to be measured, incompetent bed and key strata of covering rock quantity and its positional information utilize experimental model casing cloth
Coal seam (1), incompetent bed (2) and key strata of covering rock are put, and multiple pressure sensors are set in each key stratum bottom interface of overlying strata
(16), so as to constitute simulated experiment model；
B. four walls of experimental model casing are disassembled after wait simulated experiment model forming, crucial block is installed on the outside of test model
Block moving displacement fixing rack for sensor (8), crucial block motion is installed on key strata of covering rock and surveys anchor pin (11), in crucial block block fortune
Installation is equal with crucial block motion survey anchor pin (11) quantity that anchor pin group is surveyed in crucial block motion on dynamic displacement transducer fixed mount (8)
Crucial block block moving displacement sensor (9), move linkage rope (10) using crucial block and connect the two, and make motion linkage rope
In tensioned state, moved by crucial block and survey anchor pin (11) and crucial block block moving displacement sensor (9) monitoring overlying strata key
The motion conditions of layer；
C. crucial block will be passed through between the input of dynamic acquisition card (21) and crucial block block moving displacement sensor (9) output end
Moving displacement sensor signal lines (17) are connected, input and the support decrement displacement transducer of dynamic acquisition card (21)
(14) it is connected by hydraulic pressure signal line (19) between output end, the input and hydrostatic sensor of dynamic acquisition card (21)
(15) it is connected by support decrement displacement transducer signal line (20) between output end；
D. open-off cut (6) is arranged in the coal seam (1) of simulated experiment model and stops adopting line (7), simulation coal mining support group is installed
Coal-face is simulated at open-off cut (6) place, coal-face carries out back production to stopping adopting line (7) direction from open-off cut (6), every time
Immediate support is carried out after one drilling depth of back production, simulation support group drops frame, moves frame, just support one by one, until exploitation is complete to stopping adopting line (7)
Exploited into simulation, PC main frames (22) detect the data that all the sensors send by dynamic acquisition card (21) in simulation exploitation,
So as to the stope overlying strata movement observations, stope cover stress transmission observation and the stope mine pressing that obtain being carried out in recovery process manifest sight
The data for obtaining are surveyed, and carries out overlying strata motion influence stope mine pressing data analysis.
6. mining overburden motion according to claim 5 influences the simulated experiment synergic monitoring method of ore deposit pressure, its feature to exist
In：The method of the monitoring key strata of covering rock motion includes that the monitoring method of key strata of covering rock motion and cycle break during first breaking
The monitoring method of key strata of covering rock motion when disconnected.
7. mining overburden motion according to claim 6 influences the simulated experiment synergic monitoring method of ore deposit pressure, its feature to exist
The monitoring method of key strata of covering rock motion when the first breaking：The monitoring of random layer key strata of covering rock is chosen, as simulation is adopted
The coal advance of the face, before the first breaking of any tested key strata of covering rock, crucial block movement observations anchor pin (11) is hung down
At 1cm-3cm in front of the geosutures of theoretical prediction, crucial block moving displacement sensor (9) starts acquisition testing data to straight cutting,
Continue to simulate coal-face propulsion, until the key stratum continues to occur to terminate the measuring point key stratum after periodic failure twice first
Disrumpent feelings motion monitoring.
8. the mining overburden motion according to claim is 6 influences the simulated experiment synergic monitoring method of ore deposit pressure, its feature
The monitoring method of key strata of covering rock motion when being the periodic failure：By taking random layer key strata of covering rock as an example, when the key stratum
Start key strata of covering rock periodic failure motion monitoring after first breaking, when preceding 2-3 periodic failure key stratum movement is monitored, by one
Root key block movement observations anchor pin (11) be vertically inserted in vital edge predetermined period fracture step geosutures front horizontal away from
Away from 1cm-2cm, until block where the measuring point (11) and its next block are completely from the crucial fault rupture, terminate once crucial
Layer periodic failure movement observations；Continue to advance with working face, it is new with 2-3 times before this after 2-3 new periodic failure is completed
Periodic fracture length average value obtained by periodic failure is reference, before the appearance of each key stratum Key Blocks fracture crack equidistantly
Arrangement measuring point；Repeating the above method carries out identical monitoring operation to first breaking, each periodic failure of all key stratums.
9. the mining overburden motion according to claim 7 or 8 influences the simulated experiment synergic monitoring method of ore deposit pressure, its feature
It is：The crucial block motion is surveyed anchor pin (11) insertion key strata of covering rock depth and is more than 3cm, less than areal model width 1/2,
So that it is guaranteed that while firm, reduce to model rock stratum damage influence, and anchor pin protruded length is 5cm, is easy to and crucial block block
Moving displacement sensor (9) is connected.
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