CN106771066B - Mining overburden movement influences the imitative experimental appliance and synergic monitoring method of mine pressure - Google Patents
Mining overburden movement influences the imitative experimental appliance and synergic monitoring method of mine pressure Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The imitative experimental appliance and synergic monitoring method for influencing mine pressure are moved the invention discloses mining overburden, belong to mining engineering field.Show monitoring including stope overlying strata motion monitoring, stope cover stress transmitting monitoring and stope mine pressing, stope overlying strata motion monitoring is divided into key stratum first breaking motion monitoring and key stratum periodic failure motion monitoring, the transmitting monitoring of stope cover stress is the stress transfer monitoring to each key stratum bottom interface of overlying strata, and it includes that working resistance of support monitoring is monitored with bracket decrement that stope mine pressing, which shows monitoring,.All detections are acquired via same dynamic acquisition card and host computer.Its structure is simple, easy to use, and detection effect is good, and the periodic failure movement that can study stope mine pressing rule and the more key stratums of abnormal phenomenon, overlying strata and high-rise position key stratum influences Face Pressure.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the simulation of pit mining experimental provision and monitoring method, especially mining overburden movement influence mine pressure is real
Experiment device and synergic monitoring method, belong to mining engineering field.
Background technique
Stope mine pressing depends primarily on stope overlying strata property and movement, the general rule of research stope mine pressing and abnormal phenomenon
Inner link be unable to do without and stope overlying strata moved and research to stope influencing mechanism.For this purpose, real using theory analysis, scene
The methods of survey and simulated experiment are studied.
About in the research of stope sand coated iron mold and movement, the vital edge of masonry beam theory and corresponding CONTROL OF STRATA MOVEMENT
Acceptance highest is most widely used.With the progress of measurement technology, the field observation technology of Stope roof overlying strata movement is day by day
It is perfect, it is divided on borehole observation and well by the difference of observation place and is observed.Borehole observation technology is usually by suitable above and below working face
It being observed above oblique working face in slot, main means are boring method (hole intrinsic displacement meter, drilling are pried through), micro-seismic method etc.,
Stop observation when the advance of the face to observation station, and be at this time exactly roof overburden active period, it can be seen that this method observation
Range, position, time are not very ideal.In addition, designated position is pushed up straight up in working face when maintenance stops adopting
Plate observation is a kind of static observation method, can not be observed with adopting dynamic process.Observed on well, be a kind of observation position it is any,
Range comprehensively, with adopt dynamic observation ideal observation method, mainly by surface drilling realize, can drilling in arrangement be displaced
Observation point carries out overlying strata movement observations using drilling Peep Technology, but its cost is high, drilling may due to wrong hole, collapse hole and
Interrupt observation.
The problem of for this complexity and being not easy to measurement research, is studied frequently with similarity simulation experiment technology, is removed
Outside Numerical Experiment, perfect with the theory of similarity and simulating experiment technique, physical simulation technology has become one kind
Mining engineering research field mainstream, efficient research means.At present in the simulation experiment study of stope mine pressing, there are following
Railway Project: stope mine pressing and overlying strata are moved etc. in multiple quantization observation indexs often only for one of them or several objects
Or index is observed；Certain index observations are only by particular moment static observation, and the movement of stope overlying strata is for stope mine pressing
Influence be the dynamic action process shown by the time；Infrared energy observation, is moved microseism technology, acoustic emission
Although the observation methods such as state photography displacement measuring technology can accomplish the dynamic observation to overlying strata, it is easy to by experimental situation
With the interference of operation, requirement is extremely harsh；It can not be referred to other quantizations by the methods of visual phenomenon judgement, phenomenon description
Mark good synchronous contrast analysis.
Summary of the invention
Technical purpose: shortcoming in view of the above technology, provide it is a kind of with strong points, it is effectively comprehensive dynamically to covering
Rock and stope carry out experimental monitoring, realize dynamic, the synchronization, integration monitoring of related data, are influenced by moving on overlying strata
The synchronous contrast of stope mine pressing data is analyzed, and research overlying strata move the affecting laws to stope mine pressing, and then inherently explain
Strata pressure laws and the movement of the mining overburden of abnormal phenomenon influence the imitative experimental appliance and synergic monitoring method of mine pressure.
Technical solution: to realize the above-mentioned technical purpose, mining overburden movement of the invention influences the simulated experiment dress of mine pressure
It sets, including experimental model cabinet, four walls of experimental model cabinet are flexibly connected, it is characterised in that: it further includes simulation coal mining branch
Frame group and data collection system；
The experimental model cabinet can adjust length, width and height according to actual needs；
The experimental model box house is equipped with simulated experiment model, and the simulated experiment model bottom is test coal seam,
It tests for test rock stratum above coal seam, the test coal seam is coal seam, and the test coal seam both ends are respectively equipped with open-off cut and stop
Line is adopted, the test rock stratum top layer is equipped with incompetent bed, and test rock stratum includes that the incompetent bed being arranged alternately from bottom to top and overlying strata close
The number of plies of key layer, the incompetent bed and key strata of covering rock needs to adjust according to experiment；
Wherein the key strata of covering rock most close to coal seam is first layer inferior key strata, and the key strata of covering rock near top is most
High-rise position key stratum, the key strata of covering rock between first layer inferior key strata and top position key stratum is n-th layer key stratum, in institute
The upper interface surface for stating corresponding incompetent bed below every layer of key strata of covering rock is disposed with multiple pressure sensors, the pressure sensor 16
For soil pressure cell, and use tilt layout；
The simulation coal mining support group includes being disposed side by side on the end branch that coal working face left and right ends are simulated at coal seam
Frame is equipped with intermediate support among two end frames side by side, and bracket compression is respectively arranged on the end frame of the left and right two
The hydraulic sensing for collection work drag data is mounted on the oil cylinder of amount displacement sensor, end frame and intermediate support
Device；
The data collection system includes acquisition sensor and data processing equipment, and the acquisition sensor includes that setting exists
Anchor needle group is surveyed in the crucial block movement of every layer of key strata of covering rock, and it is interval vertical insertion overlying strata that anchor needle group is surveyed in every group of key block movement
Anchor needle is surveyed in the crucial block movement of key stratum, and crucial block block moving displacement fixing rack for sensor, crucial block block fortune are equipped on the outside of model
Dynamic displacement sensor fixed frame is equipped with identical as crucial block movement survey anchor needle quantity and one-to-one crucial block block motion bit
Displacement sensor, each key block block moving displacement sensor are surveyed between anchor needle with corresponding crucial block movement and are moved by crucial block
Linkage rope connection, and move linkage rope and be in tensioned state,
The data processing equipment includes PC host, and the input terminal of PC host is connected with the output end of dynamic acquisition card,
The input terminal of dynamic acquisition card respectively with pressure sensor, bracket decrement displacement sensor, hydrostatic sensor and all keys
The output end of block block moving displacement sensor is connected.
The pressure sensor is soil pressure cell, and uses tilt layout.
It is transported between the input terminal of the dynamic acquisition card and crucial block block moving displacement sensor output by crucial block
Dynamic displacement transducer signal line is connected, between the input terminal of dynamic acquisition card and the output end of bracket decrement displacement sensor
It is connected by hydraulic pressure signal line, passes through bracket decrement between the input terminal of dynamic acquisition card and the output end of hydrostatic sensor
Displacement transducer signal line is connected.
The inclination arrangement method of the pressure sensor are as follows: when laying finishes n-th layer key stratum preceding layer soft rock, at this
Row's pressure sensing is placed from open-off cut to stopping adopting line direction horizontal homogeneous interval d in the soft rock top circle direction width W middle position
Device, this ranked first a pressure sensor apart from open-off cut horizontal distance sn=s1-ΔHnCot θ, wherein s1For lowest level pass
The horizontal distance of wrong open-off cut, s in first pressure sensor of key layer bottom interface1For 25cm-40cm；ΔHnFor n-th layer key stratum
With the vertical range of lowest level key interlayer；θ is overlying strata break corner, takes 75 °, every row pressure force snesor is total
A, in formula, L is that simulated experiment model can adopt length, snIt is cut to be staggered in first pressure sensor of n-th layer key stratum bottom interface
The horizontal distance of eye, d are the horizontal space of pressure sensor, by test it is specific it needs to be determined that, the pressure of each pressure sensor
Signal wire side to outside model is drawn, and is numbered one by one to pressure signal line, and to prevent obscuring, remaining each key stratum is according to the above method
It arranges in the same way.
Mining overburden movement influences the simulated experiment synergic monitoring method of mine pressure, and steps are as follows:
A. experimental model case is utilized according to the coal seam of stope to be measured, incompetent bed and key strata of covering rock quantity and its location information
Body arranges coal seam, incompetent bed and key strata of covering rock, and multiple pressure sensors are arranged in each key stratum bottom interface of overlying strata, thus
Constitute simulated experiment model；
B. four walls that experimental model cabinet is disassembled after waiting simulated experiment model forming, install on the outside of test model and close
Key block block moving displacement fixing rack for sensor installs crucial block movement on key strata of covering rock and surveys anchor needle, moves in crucial block block
The installation crucial block equal with the crucial block movement survey anchor needle quantity of crucial block movement survey anchor needle group on displacement sensor fixed frame
The two is connected using crucial block movement linkage rope, and movement linkage rope is made to be in tensioned state by block moving displacement sensor, is led to
The motion conditions of anchor needle and crucial block block moving displacement sensor monitoring key strata of covering rock are surveyed in the key block that reaches a standard movement；
C. it will be transported between the input terminal of dynamic acquisition card and crucial block block moving displacement sensor output by crucial block
Dynamic displacement transducer signal line is connected, between the input terminal of dynamic acquisition card and the output end of bracket decrement displacement sensor
It is connected by hydraulic pressure signal line, passes through bracket decrement between the input terminal of dynamic acquisition card and the output end of hydrostatic sensor
Displacement transducer signal line is connected；
D. open-off cut is arranged in the coal seam of simulated experiment model and stops adopting line, and simulation coal mining support group is mounted on to open and is cut
Eye place simulation coal working face, coal working face is from open-off cut to stopping adopting the progress back production of line direction, after one drilling depth of each back production
Immediate support is carried out, simulation bracket group drops frame one by one, moves frame, just support, and until exploitation is exploited to stopping adopting line and complete simulation, simulation is opened
It adopts middle PC host and the data that all the sensors are sent is detected by dynamic acquisition card, so that obtain carrying out in recovery process adopts
Field overlying strata movement observations, stope cover stress transmitting observation and stope mine pressing show the data that observation obtains, and carry out overlying strata fortune
It is dynamic to influence the analysis of stope mine pressing data.
The method of the monitoring key strata of covering rock movement when including first breaking the monitoring method of key strata of covering rock movement and
The monitoring method that key strata of covering rock moves when periodic failure.
The monitoring method that key strata of covering rock moves when the first breaking: choosing the monitoring of random layer key strata of covering rock, with
It simulates coal working face to promote, before the first breaking of any tested key strata of covering rock, by a crucial block movement observations anchor needle
It being vertically inserted in front of the geosutures of theoretical prediction at 1cm-3cm, crucial block moving displacement sensor starts acquisition testing data, after
Continuous simulation coal working face promotes, until the key stratum continues to occur to terminate the measuring point key stratum after periodic failure twice to break for the first time
Disconnected motion monitoring.
The monitoring method that key strata of covering rock moves when the periodic failure: by taking random layer key strata of covering rock as an example, when the pass
Start key strata of covering rock periodic failure motion monitoring after key layer first breaking, when preceding 2-3 periodic failure key stratum movement monitors,
By a crucial block movement observations anchor needle be vertically inserted in vital edge predetermined period fracture step geosutures front horizontal away from
At 1cm-2cm, until block and its next block terminate a key stratum week completely from the key fault rupture where the measuring point
Phase fracture movement observations；Continue to promote with working face, after completing 2-3 new periodic failure, with 2-3 times before this new period
The resulting periodic fracture length average value that is broken is reference, is equally spaced before the appearance of each key stratum Key Blocks fracture crack
Measuring point；It repeats the above method and identical monitoring operation is carried out to first breaking, each periodic failure of all key stratums.
The key block movement surveys anchor needle insertion key strata of covering rock depth and is greater than 3cm, less than the 1/2 of areal model width,
So that it is guaranteed that reduce while firm to model rock stratum damage influence, and anchor needle protruded length is 5cm, is convenient for and crucial block block
The connection of moving displacement sensor.
The utility model has the advantages that
(1) it is difficult to carry out overlying strata movement to influence the situ conversion of mine pressure data observation being idealization Physical Experiment model；
(2) this method collect stope overlying strata motion monitoring, stope cover stress transmitting monitoring and stope mine pressing show monitoring in
One, data acquisition is complete, realizes dynamic, the synchronization, integration monitoring of related data；
(3) research emphasis is highlighted with the experimental method that key stratum amount is main overlying strata research object, excludes secondary cause,
Monitoring hardware quantity and operation are saved, later data analysis series amount is also reduced；
(4) the sensor high frequency acquisition of fast-response can reflect that overlying strata move and mine presses dynamic change mistake with adopting in detail
Journey；
(5) overlying strata and stope dynamic, synchronous, integration monitor more deep for the research of stope mine pressing, by covering
Rock movement influences the synchronous contrast analysis of stope mine pressing data, affecting laws of the research overlying strata movement to stope mine pressing, Jin Ercong
Substantially explain strata pressure laws and abnormal phenomenon；
(6) influence for being the periodic failure motion stage of the more key stratums of overlying strata and high-rise position key stratum to Face Pressure is ground
Study carefully and effective Research Thinking and means are provided.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is stope cover stress transmitting monitoring pressure sensor inclination arrangement method schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is key strata of covering rock fractographic pattern structural schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 3 is I-I sectional view of model structure after the fracture of key strata of covering rock of the invention；
Fig. 4 is the simulated experiment synergic monitoring system schematic that mining overburden movement of the invention influences mine pressure.
In figure: the coal seam 1-, 2- incompetent bed, 3- first layer inferior key strata, 4- n-th layer key stratum, the top position key stratum of 5-,
6- open-off cut, 7- stop adopting line, 8- key block block moving displacement fixing rack for sensor, 9- key block block moving displacement sensor, 10-
Crucial block moves linkage rope, and anchor needle, 12- end frame, 13- intermediate support, 14- bracket decrement position are surveyed in the movement of 11- key block
Displacement sensor, 15- hydrostatic sensor, 16- pressure sensor, 17- key block moving displacement sensor signal lines, 18- pressure letter
Number line, 19- hydraulic pressure signal line, 20- bracket decrement displacement transducer signal line, 21- dynamic acquisition card, 22-PC host.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawing:
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 4, mining overburden of the invention movement influences the imitative experimental appliance of mine pressure, it includes experiment
Four walls of model cabinet, experimental model cabinet are flexibly connected, and further include simulation coal mining support group and data collection system；
The experimental model cabinet can adjust length, width and height according to actual needs；
The experimental model box house is equipped with simulated experiment model, and the simulated experiment model bottom is test coal seam,
It tests for test rock stratum above coal seam, the test coal seam is coal seam 1, and 1 both ends of test coal seam are respectively equipped with 6 He of open-off cut
Stop adopting line 7, the test rock stratum top layer is equipped with incompetent bed 2, and test rock stratum includes the incompetent bed 2 being arranged alternately from bottom to top and covers
The number of plies of rock key stratum, the incompetent bed 2 and key strata of covering rock needs to adjust according to experiment；
Wherein the key strata of covering rock most close to coal seam 1 is first layer inferior key strata 3, and the key strata of covering rock near top is
Top position key stratum 5, the key strata of covering rock between first layer inferior key strata 3 and top position key stratum 5 are n-th layer key stratum
4, the upper interface surface that incompetent bed 2 is corresponded to below every layer of key strata of covering rock is disposed with multiple pressure sensors 16, the pressure
Force snesor 16 is soil pressure cell, and uses tilt layout；
The simulation coal mining support group includes being disposed side by side on the end branch that coal working face left and right ends are simulated at coal seam 1
Frame 12 is equipped with intermediate support 13 among two end frames 12 side by side, is respectively arranged on the end frame 12 of the left and right two
It is mounted on the oil cylinder of bracket decrement displacement sensor 14, end frame 12 and intermediate support 13 for collection work resistance
The hydrostatic sensor 15 of data；
The data collection system includes acquisition sensor and data processing equipment, and the acquisition sensor includes that setting exists
Anchor needle group is surveyed in the crucial block movement of every layer of key strata of covering rock, and it is interval vertical insertion overlying strata that anchor needle group is surveyed in every group of key block movement
Anchor needle 11 is surveyed in the crucial block movement of key stratum, and crucial block block moving displacement fixing rack for sensor 8, crucial block block are equipped on the outside of model
Moving displacement fixing rack for sensor 8 is equipped with identical as crucial block movement survey 11 quantity of anchor needle and one-to-one crucial block block and transports
Dynamic displacement sensor 9, each key block block moving displacement sensor 9 is surveyed between anchor needle 11 with corresponding crucial block movement passes through pass
Key block moves linkage rope 10 and connects, and moves linkage rope and be in tensioned state,
The data processing equipment includes PC host 22, the output end phase of the input terminal and dynamic acquisition card 21 of PC host 22
Connection, the input terminal of dynamic acquisition card 21 respectively with pressure sensor 16, bracket decrement displacement sensor 14, hydrostatic sensor
15 are connected with the output end of all crucial block block moving displacement sensors 9.
Pass through crucial block between the input terminal of the dynamic acquisition card 21 and crucial 9 output end of block block moving displacement sensor
Moving displacement sensor signal lines 17 are connected, and the input terminal of dynamic acquisition card 21 is defeated with bracket decrement displacement sensor 14
It is connected between outlet by hydraulic pressure signal line 19, between the input terminal of dynamic acquisition card 21 and the output end of hydrostatic sensor 15
It is connected by bracket decrement displacement transducer signal line 20.
The inclination arrangement method of the pressure sensor 16 are as follows: when laying finishes n-th layer key stratum preceding layer soft rock 2,
The direction boundary's width W middle position is pushed up in the soft rock 2, places a row pressure power from open-off cut to stopping adopting line direction horizontal homogeneous interval d
Sensor 16, this ranked first a pressure sensor 16 apart from 6 horizontal distance s of open-off cutn=s1-ΔHnCot θ, wherein s1For
The horizontal distance of wrong open-off cut 6, s in lowest level key stratum 3 bottom interface, first pressure sensor 161For 25cm-40cm；Δ
HnFor the vertical range between n-th layer key stratum and lowest level key stratum 3；θ is overlying strata break corner, takes 75 °, every row's pressure sensing
Device 16 is totalA, in formula, L is that simulated experiment model can adopt length, snIt is pressed for n-th layer key stratum bottom interface first
The horizontal distance of wrong open-off cut 6 in force snesor 16, d are the horizontal space of pressure sensor, by test it is specific it needs to be determined that, often
The pressure signal line 18 of a pressure sensor 16 side to outside model is drawn, and is numbered one by one to pressure signal line 18, to prevent mixed
Confuse, remaining each key stratum is arranged in the same way according to the above method.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, mining overburden movement influences the simulated experiment synergic monitoring method of mine pressure, and its step are as follows:
A. experimental model case is utilized according to the coal seam of stope to be measured, incompetent bed and key strata of covering rock quantity and its location information
Body arranges coal seam 1, incompetent bed 2 and key strata of covering rock, and multiple pressure sensors 16 are arranged in each key stratum bottom interface of overlying strata,
To constitute simulated experiment model；
B. four walls that experimental model cabinet is disassembled after waiting simulated experiment model forming, install on the outside of test model and close
Key block block moving displacement fixing rack for sensor 8 installs crucial block movement on key strata of covering rock and surveys anchor needle 11, transports in crucial block block
The pass equal with crucial block movement survey 11 quantity of anchor needle of crucial block movement survey anchor needle group is installed on dynamic displacement sensor fixed frame 8
Key block block moving displacement sensor 9 is connected the two using crucial block movement linkage rope 10, and is in movement linkage rope and is tightened
State moves the motion conditions for surveying 9 monitoring key strata of covering rock of anchor needle 11 and crucial block block moving displacement sensor by crucial block；
The method of the monitoring key strata of covering rock movement when including first breaking the monitoring method of key strata of covering rock movement and
The monitoring method that key strata of covering rock moves when periodic failure:
The monitoring method that key strata of covering rock moves when the first breaking: choosing the monitoring of random layer key strata of covering rock, with
It simulates coal working face to promote, before the first breaking of any tested key strata of covering rock, by a crucial block movement observations anchor needle
11 are vertically inserted in front of the geosutures of theoretical prediction at 1cm-3cm, and crucial block moving displacement sensor 9 starts acquisition testing number
According to continuing to simulate coal working face promoting, until the key stratum continues to occur to terminate the measuring point key stratum after periodic failure twice
First breaking motion monitoring；
The monitoring method that key strata of covering rock moves when the periodic failure: by taking random layer key strata of covering rock as an example, when the pass
Start key strata of covering rock periodic failure motion monitoring after key layer first breaking, when preceding 2-3 periodic failure key stratum movement monitors,
A piece crucial block movement observations anchor needle 11 is vertically inserted in vital edge predetermined period fracture step geosutures front horizontal
At distance 1cm-2cm, until the 11 place block of measuring point and its next block terminate primary crucial completely from the key fault rupture
Layer periodic failure movement observations；Continue to promote with working face, it is new with 2-3 times before this after completing 2-3 new periodic failure
The resulting periodic fracture length average value of periodic failure is reference, equidistant before each key stratum Key Blocks fracture crack occurs
Arrange measuring point；It repeats the above method and identical monitoring behaviour is carried out to first breaking, each periodic failure of all key strata of covering rock
Make；
The key block movement surveys the insertion key strata of covering rock depth of anchor needle 11 and is greater than 3cm, less than the 1/ of areal model width
2, so that it is guaranteed that reduce while firm to model rock stratum damage influence, and anchor needle protruded length is 5cm, is convenient for and crucial block
Block moving displacement sensor 9 connects；
C. it will pass through crucial block between the input terminal of dynamic acquisition card 21 and crucial 9 output end of block block moving displacement sensor
Moving displacement sensor signal lines 17 are connected, and the input terminal of dynamic acquisition card 21 is defeated with bracket decrement displacement sensor 14
It is connected between outlet by hydraulic pressure signal line 19, between the input terminal of dynamic acquisition card 21 and the output end of hydrostatic sensor 15
It is connected by bracket decrement displacement transducer signal line 20；
D. open-off cut 6 is arranged in the coal seam of simulated experiment model 1 and stops adopting line 7, and simulation coal mining support group is mounted on
Coal working face is simulated at open-off cut 6, coal working face carries out back production, each back production one from open-off cut 6 to stopping adopting 7 direction of line
Carry out immediate support after drilling depth, simulation bracket group drops frame one by one, moves frame, just support, until exploitation is opened to stopping adopting line 7 to complete to simulate
It adopts, PC host 22 detects the data that all the sensors are sent by dynamic acquisition card 21 in simulation exploitation, to be exploited
Stope overlying strata movement observations, stope cover stress transmitting observation and the stope mine pressing carried out in the process shows the number that observation obtains
According to, and carry out overlying strata movement influence stope mine pressing data analysis.
Before physical simulation experiment modelling, Judging key stratum is carried out according to the full column information of learning prototype drilling first,
Determine key strata of covering rock quantity and its position.
Before experiment, by the signal wire 17 of crucial block moving displacement sensor 9, signal wire 18, the bracket of pressure sensor 16
The signal wire 20 of decrement displacement sensor 14, the signal wire 19 of hydrostatic sensor 15 access dynamic acquisition card 21, dynamic acquisition
Card 21 is connect with host computer PC host 22, and to system power supply, starting dynamic, synchronous, combined geometry.
In model exploitation, after 1 open-off cut 6 of coal seam, arrangement simulation bracket, 12 two sides of end frame each one in working face
Frame, and between displacement sensor 14 is installed set cap, pedestal on the outside of model, to realize that bracket compresses discharge observation.Centre branch
The number of frame 13 does not install the displacement of bracket compression discharge observation depending on concrete model width W and support width match condition
Sensor 14.The oil cylinder of all simulation brackets configures hydrostatic sensor 15, to realize that working resistance of support is observed.Working face by
Open-off cut 6 carries out back production to stopping adopting 7 direction of line.Each cyclic advance 1cm-5cm is propped up in time after one drilling depth of each back production
Shield, force piece 12,13 drop frame one by one, move frame, just support.
Stope overlying strata motion monitoring be divided into key stratum first breaking motion monitoring and key stratum periodic failure motion monitoring with
For kth layer key stratum.With the advance of the face, kth layer key stratum is before first breaking, by the anchor needle 11 of crucial block movement observations
It is vertically inserted in the middle part of theoretical prediction frost breakage length 1cm-3cm, depth of stratum medium position in front of bottom interface crack, passes through pass
Crucial block moving displacement sensor key block movement linkage mechanism rope and be fixed on crucial block moving displacement fixing rack for sensor 8
9 use the compact connection of draw-wire displacement sensor, until the key stratum continues to terminate measuring point pass after periodic failure twice occurs
Key layer first breaking motion monitoring.
After kth layer key stratum first breaking, start to carry out key stratum periodic failure motion monitoring.By crucial block motion monitoring
Anchor needle 11 be vertically inserted in kth layer key stratum periodic failure fracture step front end horizontal distance 1cm-2cm, position in depth of stratum
It sets, until the 11 place block of measuring point and its next block are completely from crucial fault rupture, the key stratum period for terminating this measuring point is broken
Disconnected motion monitoring.By preceding method, identical monitoring operation is carried out to first breaking, each periodic failure of all key stratums.
So until working face extraction stops host computer PC host supervision program, save and export acquisition to stopping adopting line 7
Data, so that the related data for moving influence stope mine pressing experiment to overlying strata synchronizes comparative analysis.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of mining overburden movement influences the imitative experimental appliance of mine pressure, it includes experimental model cabinet, experimental model cabinet
Four walls be flexibly connected, it is characterised in that: it further includes simulation coal mining support group and data collection system；
The experimental model cabinet can adjust length, width and height according to actual needs；
The experimental model box house is equipped with simulated experiment model, and the simulated experiment model bottom is test coal seam, test
It is test rock stratum above coal seam, the test coal seam is coal seam (1), and coal seam (1) both ends are respectively equipped with open-off cut (6) and stop
It adopts line (7), the test rock stratum top layer is equipped with incompetent bed (2), and test rock stratum includes the incompetent bed (2) being arranged alternately from bottom to top
And key strata of covering rock, the number of plies of the incompetent bed (2) and key strata of covering rock need to adjust according to experiment；
Wherein the key strata of covering rock most close to coal seam (1) is first layer inferior key strata (3), and the key strata of covering rock near top is
Top position key stratum (5), the key strata of covering rock between first layer inferior key strata (3) and top position key stratum (5) are n-th layer
Key stratum (4), the upper interface surface that incompetent bed (2) is corresponded to below every layer of key strata of covering rock are disposed with multiple pressure sensors
(16)；
The simulation coal mining support group includes being disposed side by side on the end frame that coal working face left and right ends are simulated at coal seam (1)
(12), two end frames (12) are intermediate is equipped with intermediate support (13) side by side, the end branch of the coal working face left and right ends
Bracket decrement displacement sensor (14) is respectively arranged on frame (12), on the oil cylinder of end frame (12) and intermediate support (13)
It is mounted on the hydrostatic sensor (15) for collection work drag data；
The data collection system includes acquisition sensor and data processing equipment, and the acquisition sensor includes being arranged at every layer
Anchor needle group is surveyed in the crucial block movement of key strata of covering rock, and it is that interval vertical insertion overlying strata are crucial that anchor needle group is surveyed in every group of key block movement
Anchor needle (11) are surveyed in the crucial block movement of layer, and crucial block block moving displacement fixing rack for sensor (8), crucial block block are equipped on the outside of model
Moving displacement fixing rack for sensor (8) is equipped with identical as crucial block movement survey anchor needle (11) quantity and one-to-one crucial block
Block moving displacement sensor (9), each key block block moving displacement sensor (9) survey anchor needle (11) with corresponding crucial block movement
Between by crucial block movement linkage rope (10) connection, and move linkage rope and be in tensioned state,
The data processing equipment includes PC host (22), the input terminal of PC host (22) and the output end of dynamic acquisition card (21)
Be connected, the input terminal of dynamic acquisition card (21) respectively with pressure sensor (16), bracket decrement displacement sensor (14), liquid
Pressure sensor (15) is connected with the output end of all crucial block block moving displacement sensors (9).
2. the imitative experimental appliance that mining overburden movement according to claim 1 influences mine pressure, it is characterised in that: the pressure
Force snesor (16) is soil pressure cell, and uses tilt layout.
3. the imitative experimental appliance that mining overburden movement according to claim 1 influences mine pressure, it is characterised in that: described dynamic
It is passed between the input terminal of state capture card (21) and crucial block block moving displacement sensor (9) output end by crucial block moving displacement
Sensor signal line (17) is connected, the input terminal of dynamic acquisition card (21) and the output end of bracket decrement displacement sensor (14)
Between be connected by hydraulic pressure signal line (19), the output ends of the input terminal of dynamic acquisition card (21) and hydrostatic sensor (15) it
Between be connected by bracket decrement displacement transducer signal line (20).
4. the imitative experimental appliance that mining overburden movement according to claim 1 influences mine pressure, it is characterised in that the pressure
The inclination arrangement method of force snesor (16) are as follows: when laying finishes n-th layer key stratum preceding layer incompetent bed (2), in the soft rock
Layer (2) pushes up the direction boundary's width W middle position, places row's pressure sensing from open-off cut to stopping adopting line direction horizontal homogeneous interval d
Device (16), this ranked first a pressure sensor (16) apart from open-off cut (6) horizontal distance sn=s1-ΔHnCot θ, wherein s1
For the horizontal distance of open-off cut (6) wrong in first pressure sensor (16) of first layer inferior key strata (3) bottom interface, s1For
25cm-40cm；ΔHnFor the vertical range between n-th layer key stratum and first layer inferior key strata (3)；θ is overlying strata break corner, is taken
75 °, every row pressure force snesor (16) is altogetherA, in formula, L is that simulated experiment model can adopt length, snFor n-th layer pass
The horizontal distance of wrong open-off cut (6) in first pressure sensor (16) of key layer bottom interface, d is between the level of pressure sensor
Away from, by test it is specific it needs to be determined that, the pressure signal line (18) of each pressure sensor (16) side to outside model is drawn, and right
Pressure signal line (18) is numbered one by one, and to prevent obscuring, remaining each key stratum is arranged in the same way according to the above method.
5. a kind of mining overburden for moving the imitative experimental appliance for influencing mine pressure using mining overburden described in claim 1 moves shadow
Ring the simulated experiment synergic monitoring method of mine pressure, it is characterised in that steps are as follows:
A. experimental model cabinet cloth is utilized according to the coal seam of stope to be measured, incompetent bed and key strata of covering rock quantity and its location information
Coal seam (1), incompetent bed (2) and key strata of covering rock are set, and multiple pressure sensors are set in each key stratum bottom interface of overlying strata
(16), to constitute simulated experiment model；
B. four walls that experimental model cabinet is disassembled after waiting simulated experiment model forming, install crucial block on the outside of test model
Block moving displacement fixing rack for sensor (8) installs crucial block movement on key strata of covering rock and surveys anchor needle (11), transports in crucial block block
It is installed on dynamic displacement sensor fixed frame (8) equal with crucial block movement survey anchor needle (11) quantity of crucial block movement survey anchor needle group
Crucial block block moving displacement sensor (9), the two connected using crucial block movement linkage rope (10), and make to move linkage rope
In tensioned state, is moved by crucial block and survey anchor needle (11) and crucial block block moving displacement sensor (9) monitoring overlying strata key
The motion conditions of layer；
C. it will pass through crucial block between the input terminal of dynamic acquisition card (21) and crucial block block moving displacement sensor (9) output end
Moving displacement sensor signal lines (17) are connected, the input terminal and bracket decrement displacement sensor of dynamic acquisition card (21)
(14) it is connected between output end by hydraulic pressure signal line (19), the input terminal and hydrostatic sensor of dynamic acquisition card (21)
(15) it is connected between output end by bracket decrement displacement transducer signal line (20)；
D. open-off cut (6) are arranged in the coal seam (1) of simulated experiment model and stop adopting line (7), it will simulation coal mining support group installation
Coal working face is simulated at open-off cut (6), coal working face carries out back production from open-off cut (6) to stopping adopting line (7) direction, every time
Carry out immediate support after one drilling depth of back production, simulation bracket group drops frame one by one, moves frame, just support, until exploitation is complete to stopping adopting line (7)
It is exploited at simulation, PC host (22) detects the data that all the sensors are sent by dynamic acquisition card (21) in simulation exploitation,
Show sight to obtain the stope overlying strata movement observations carried out in recovery process, stope cover stress transmitting observation and stope mine pressing
The data obtained are surveyed, and carry out overlying strata movement to influence the analysis of stope mine pressing data.
6. mining overburden movement according to claim 5 influences the simulated experiment synergic monitoring method of mine pressure, feature exists
In: mining overburden movement influences the prison of key strata of covering rock movement when the simulated experiment synergic monitoring method of mine pressure includes first breaking
The monitoring method that key strata of covering rock moves when survey method and periodic failure.
7. mining overburden movement according to claim 6 influences the simulated experiment synergic monitoring method of mine pressure, feature exists
The monitoring method that key strata of covering rock moves when the first breaking: the monitoring of random layer key strata of covering rock is chosen, as simulation is adopted
It is vertical to be surveyed anchor needle (11) before the first breaking of any tested key strata of covering rock by the coal advance of the face for a piece crucial block movement
It being inserted in front of the geosutures of theoretical prediction at 1cm-3cm, crucial block moving displacement sensor (9) starts acquisition testing data, after
Continuous simulation coal working face promotes, until the key stratum continues to occur to terminate the measuring point key stratum after periodic failure twice to break for the first time
Disconnected motion monitoring.
8. mining overburden movement according to claim 6 influences the simulated experiment synergic monitoring method of mine pressure, feature exists
The monitoring method that key strata of covering rock moves when the periodic failure: by taking random layer key strata of covering rock as an example, at the beginning of the key stratum
Start key strata of covering rock periodic failure motion monitoring after secondary fracture, when preceding 2-3 periodic failure key stratum movement monitors, by one
Crucial block movement surveys anchor needle (11) and is vertically inserted in vital edge predetermined period fracture step geosutures front horizontal distance
At 1cm-2cm, until key block movement surveys anchor needle (11) place block and its next block completely from the key fault rupture, knot
Shu Yici key stratum periodic failure movement observations；Continue to promote with working face, after completing 2-3 new periodic failure, with this
The resulting periodic fracture length average value of first 2-3 times new periodic failure is reference, in each key stratum Key Blocks fracture crack
Measuring point is equally spaced before appearance；It repeats the above method and phase is carried out to first breaking, each periodic failure of all key stratums
Same monitoring operation.
9. mining overburden movement according to claim 7 or 8 influences the simulated experiment synergic monitoring method of mine pressure, feature
Be: the key block movement surveys anchor needle (11) insertion key strata of covering rock depth and is greater than 3cm, less than the 1/2 of areal model width,
So that it is guaranteed that reduce while firm to model rock stratum damage influence, and anchor needle protruded length is 5cm, is convenient for and crucial block block
Moving displacement sensor (9) connection.
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| CN109339843B (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2022-02-11 | 安徽理工大学 | Support running gear suitable for similar simulation coal petrography excavation |
| CN110080770B (en) * | 2019-05-08 | 2021-01-05 | 华北科技学院 | Mine pressure simulation monitoring device for inclined long-wall fully-mechanized top-coal caving stope |
| CN110779483B (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2021-05-07 | 青岛本末岩控技术有限公司 | Analysis method for distinguishing active shrinkage and passive shrinkage of movable column of hydraulic support |
| CN110836125B (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2021-07-13 | 晋能控股煤业集团有限公司 | Method for determining progressive breaking advance action range of multi-layer key layer |
| CN111208009B (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2022-04-22 | 太原理工大学 | Method for testing stress distribution form of contact surface of key block of masonry beam |
| CN113944510B (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2022-10-11 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Determination method for rock stratum movement conjugate inner and outer hyperbolic-like models |
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