CN106760400B - 一种缓冲减震型地板砖及其制作方法 - Google Patents
一种缓冲减震型地板砖及其制作方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106760400B CN106760400B CN201611064431.XA CN201611064431A CN106760400B CN 106760400 B CN106760400 B CN 106760400B CN 201611064431 A CN201611064431 A CN 201611064431A CN 106760400 B CN106760400 B CN 106760400B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- parts
- powder
- mixed
- weight
- component
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
- E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
- E04F15/10—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements of other materials, e.g. fibrous or chipped materials, organic plastics, magnesite tiles, hardboard, or with a top layer of other materials
- E04F15/105—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements of other materials, e.g. fibrous or chipped materials, organic plastics, magnesite tiles, hardboard, or with a top layer of other materials of organic plastics with or without reinforcements or filling materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
- B32B27/20—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using fillers, pigments, thixotroping agents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/40—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyurethanes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
- C04B26/02—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B26/10—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B26/14—Polyepoxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/24—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing alkyl, ammonium or metal silicates; containing silica sols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/135—Combustion residues, e.g. fly ash, incineration waste
- C04B33/1352—Fuel ashes, e.g. fly ash
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/138—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues from metallurgical processes, e.g. slag, furnace dust, galvanic waste
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/36—Reinforced clay-wares
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/02—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by adding chemical blowing agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/4009—Two or more macromolecular compounds not provided for in one single group of groups C08G18/42 - C08G18/64
- C08G18/4045—Mixtures of compounds of group C08G18/58 with other macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
- C08G18/4804—Two or more polyethers of different physical or chemical nature
- C08G18/4808—Mixtures of two or more polyetherdiols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
- C08G18/4825—Polyethers containing two hydroxy groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/58—Epoxy resins
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K13/00—Use of mixtures of ingredients not covered by one single of the preceding main groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C08K13/06—Pretreated ingredients and ingredients covered by the main groups C08K3/00 - C08K7/00
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K3/346—Clay
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K3/36—Silica
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
- C08K7/22—Expanded, porous or hollow particles
- C08K7/24—Expanded, porous or hollow particles inorganic
- C08K7/28—Glass
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
- E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
- E04F15/10—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements of other materials, e.g. fibrous or chipped materials, organic plastics, magnesite tiles, hardboard, or with a top layer of other materials
- E04F15/107—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements of other materials, e.g. fibrous or chipped materials, organic plastics, magnesite tiles, hardboard, or with a top layer of other materials composed of several layers, e.g. sandwich panels
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
- E04F15/18—Separately-laid insulating layers; Other additional insulating measures; Floating floors
- E04F15/20—Separately-laid insulating layers; Other additional insulating measures; Floating floors for sound insulation
- E04F15/206—Layered panels for sound insulation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00482—Coating or impregnation materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3205—Alkaline earth oxides or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. beryllium oxide
- C04B2235/3206—Magnesium oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3205—Alkaline earth oxides or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. beryllium oxide
- C04B2235/3208—Calcium oxide or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. lime
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3217—Aluminum oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. bauxite, alpha-alumina
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3418—Silicon oxide, silicic acids, or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. silica sol, fused silica, silica fume, cristobalite, quartz or flint
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3427—Silicates other than clay, e.g. water glass
- C04B2235/3463—Alumino-silicates other than clay, e.g. mullite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3427—Silicates other than clay, e.g. water glass
- C04B2235/3463—Alumino-silicates other than clay, e.g. mullite
- C04B2235/3472—Alkali metal alumino-silicates other than clay, e.g. spodumene, alkali feldspars such as albite or orthoclase, micas such as muscovite, zeolites such as natrolite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/38—Non-oxide ceramic constituents or additives
- C04B2235/3817—Carbides
- C04B2235/3826—Silicon carbides
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F2290/00—Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for
- E04F2290/04—Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for for insulation or surface protection, e.g. against noise, impact or fire
- E04F2290/044—Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for for insulation or surface protection, e.g. against noise, impact or fire against impact
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
- Floor Finish (AREA)
Abstract
一种缓冲减震型地板砖及其制作方法,在地板砖的表面设置一层聚氨酯缓冲层,地板砖由主料、制孔剂、外加剂、增强粉以及铝纤维丝烧制而成,聚氨酯缓冲层由A组分和B组分混合而成,A组分由聚环氧丙烷醚、甲苯二异氰酸酯和二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯混合制成,B组分由聚环氧丙烷醚、环氧树脂、硅溶胶和改性填料制成。本发明通过在地板砖表面设置一层聚氨酯缓冲层,相比较于木地板,同样起到了防护的作用,而且造价低廉,同时采用特殊结构的地砖能够吸收并降低运动所产生的震动和噪声,降低了室内噪声污染。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及到建筑材料领域中的地砖,具体的说是一种缓冲减震型地板砖及其制作方法。
背景技术
地砖是一种地面装饰材料,也叫地板砖,绝大多数的地砖是用黏土烧制而成,其尺寸规格和形状也多种多样,具有质坚、耐压耐磨、能防潮等优点,而有的经上釉处理后具有装饰作用,多用于公共建筑和民用建筑的地面和楼面。
由于城市中用地紧张,缺少必要的室外运动场所,因此,诸如健身房、体育馆等室内运动场所得到了很大的发展前景。现有体育馆的地板一般采用木质地板或塑胶等弹性材料,但是这两种地板并不能很好的消除运动产生的震动。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种缓冲减震型地板砖及其制作方法,该地板砖的表面具有一层聚氨酯缓冲层,不仅起到了防护的作用,而且采用特殊结构的地板砖能够吸收并降低运动所产生的震动和噪声。
本发明为实现上述技术目的所采用的技术方案为:一种缓冲减震型地板砖,在地板砖的表面设置一层聚氨酯缓冲层,所述地板砖由主料、主料重量4-5%的制孔剂、主料重量3-5%的外加剂、主料重量2-3%的增强粉以及主料重量14-16%且直径不超过1mm的铝纤维丝烧制而成,按照重量比,所述主料由16-18份的粉煤灰、10-12份的电石灰、7-9份的粘土、3-4份的铁矿废渣和4-5份的铝灰组成,制孔剂由8-9份的碳化硅、3-4份的蓝晶石粉和2-3份的锂辉石粉混合而成,外加剂由4-5份的氧化钙和3-4份的氧化镁混合而成,所述增强粉由6-7份粒径不超过1mm的石英砂、2-3份的微硅粉和1-1.2份的改性氧化铝微粉混合均匀后得到;所述改性氧化铝微粉是将氧化铝微粉与其重量3-5%的表面改性剂混合得到,该表面改性剂由氢氧化钡、碳酸钠和KH550按照重量比3-4:1-2:30的比例混合而成;
所述聚氨酯缓冲层由A组分和A组分重量60-80%的B组分混合而成,其中,按照重量比,A组分由7-9份的聚环氧丙烷醚、3-5份的甲苯二异氰酸酯和2-4份的二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯混合制成,B组分由6-7份的聚环氧丙烷醚、4-5份的环氧树脂、3-4份的硅溶胶和2-3份的改性填料制成,所述改性填料由4-6份的海泡石绒粉、1-2份的硅藻土、10-12份的改性空心玻璃微珠和3-5份的改性纳米二氧化硅混合而成,所述改性空心玻璃微珠指将市售的空心玻璃微珠与其重量3-5%的表面改性剂Ⅰ混合后静置1-2h后过滤晾干得到,所用表面改性剂Ⅰ由KH550、乙醇、丙酮和氢氧化钡按照重量比3-4:80:2-3:1-2的比例混合而成;所述改性纳米二氧化硅是将市售的纳米二氧化硅与其重量3-5%的表面改性剂Ⅱ混合得到,该表面改性剂Ⅱ由氢氧化钡、碳酸钠和KH550按照重量比3-4:1-2:30的比例混合而成。
所述制孔剂中还含有1-2份的蛭石粉。
所述外加剂中还含有1-2份的白云石粉。
所述聚氨酯缓冲层的制备方法包括以下步骤:
1)制备A组分,备用;
分别按照所述的比例称取聚环氧丙烷醚、甲苯二异氰酸酯和二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯,然后将聚环氧丙烷醚在真空度为0.096MPa的条件下进行减压脱水,待其含水率小于0.1%后,降温至60℃,在搅拌的条件下向其中加入称量好的甲苯二异氰酸酯,升温至85-90℃,搅拌反应2h,然后降温至40℃,再向其中加入称量好的二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯,混合均匀即得到A组分;
2)制备B组分,备用;
分别按照上述的比例称取聚环氧丙烷醚、环氧树脂、硅溶胶和改性填料,然后将聚环氧丙烷醚在真空度为0.096MPa的条件下减压脱水至含水率小于0.1%,然后向其中加入环氧树脂,待环氧树脂融化后,降温至50℃,然后依次向其中加入硅溶胶和改性填料,搅拌均匀即得到B组分;
3)在使用时,将A组分和其重量60-80%的B组分混合即得到聚氨酯缓冲层。
上述缓冲减震型地板砖的制作方法,包括以下步骤:
1)制备改性氧化铝微粉,备用;
将氧化铝微粉与其重量3-5%的表面改性剂混合得到,该表面改性剂由氢氧化钡、碳酸钠和KH550按照重量比3-4:1-2:30的比例混合而成;
2)按照上述的要求分别称取组成主料、制孔剂、外加剂和增强粉的各原料混合并粉磨至细度不超过100微米,从而制得主料粉、制孔剂粉、外加剂和增强粉,备用;
称取直径不超过1mm的铝纤维丝,备用;
3)将步骤2)制得的主料粉、制孔剂粉、外加剂和增强粉混合,然后向其中依次加入主料粉重量40-50%的水和主料粉重量3-5%的拌合液,拌合均匀得到泥料,并将泥料陈化6-8天后,备用;
所述拌合液为地沟油和淀粉按照重量比为10:1的比例混合而成;
4)取步骤2)称取的铝纤维丝混杂后与步骤3)中陈化后的泥料拌合均匀,而后制成砖坯,并在90-110℃的温度下烘干,备用;
5)将步骤4)中烘干后的砖坯进行烧结,自然冷却后得到地板砖,然后在地板砖的表面铺设一层聚氨酯缓冲层,即得到产品;
所述烧结分为预热段、升温段和焙烧段三部分,其中,预热段是指使炉内温度从常温在3h均匀升高到350℃,并保持该温度1-2h,在此过程中,保持炉内氧气含量不高于4%;
所述升温段是指,使炉内温度从350℃在4h均匀升高到950℃,并保持该温度1-2h,在此过程中,保持炉内氧气含量不低于45%;
所述焙烧段是指,使炉内温度从950℃在2h均匀升高到1550℃,并保持该温度3-4h,在此过程中,保持炉内氧气含量不低于35%。
本发明中,以烧制地砖的常规原料粘土、粉煤灰、电石灰、铁矿废渣和铝灰作为主料,其中混入碳化硅、蓝晶石粉和锂辉石粉作为制孔剂,既可确保烧成后的地砖中含有一些开放型气孔(或称开口气孔),而且也不会影响其强度,这些气孔能够大幅度消减震动的传递和吸收噪声;碳化硅在高温氧化气氛中容易发生氧化反应:SiC+2O2→CO2+SiO2,该反应开始温度较高,1000℃开始明显氧化,颗粒越细,则氧化速度越快,反应产物CO2的逸出容易造成坯体表面形成开口气孔,而反应产物SiO2具有较高活性,与氧化铝反应生成莫来石,从而在陶瓷内形成莫来石增强体;其中的蓝晶石细粉,既可确保生成较多的莫来石相,保证制品的力学强度,蓝晶石从1100℃左右开始分解、生成莫来石和SiO2,1300℃以后显著分解转化,由于该莫来石化反应伴随有16-18%的体积膨胀,因此还可填充由于碳化硅氧化产生的孔隙,使单个孔隙变小,整体孔隙率降低,并且会改变砖体内孔隙的形状和分布;而且在烧结过程中,氧化铝和氧化铁可以生成铁铝尖晶石结构,从而增强其强度;制孔剂中的锂辉石、外加剂中的氧化钙能够有效的降低烧结温度,而且氧化镁可以与氧化铝烧结形成镁铝尖晶石;在烧制之前用特制的拌合液进行拌合,使得其黏性和塑性得到了增强,这样使得制孔剂在高温下分解形成气孔的过程中,大幅度降低由于气孔及蓝晶石粉膨胀所导致的裂纹等缺陷;
增强粉中的石英砂和微硅粉双参,可改善体系中颗粒的紧密堆积,改性氧化铝微粉活性大,均匀弥散于整个体系中,大大提高其填充率,三种物料实现复合火山灰效应,对提高材料的抗压强度具有很强的作用;
本发明的地砖在烧结过程中,铝纤维丝融化并填充于部分孔隙中,不仅可以作为砖体的骨架增强其强度,而且还可以有效防止制孔剂在高温下分解形成气孔的过程中以及蓝晶石粉膨胀所导致的裂纹等缺陷的产生;
本发明中,聚氨酯缓冲层的改性填料中含有海泡石绒粉、硅藻土和改性空心玻璃微珠,这三种物质能够均匀分散在聚氨酯基体中,一方面,海泡石绒粉具有很大的内表面积,其是具有微孔结构的微粉,这些微孔结构能够有效削减震动的传递并吸收噪声,另一方面是改性过程中使空心玻璃微珠表面接枝大量的硅羟基,这些基团通过化学反应将空心玻璃微珠与基体连接起来,保证二者具有良好的界面结合力,材料在受到外力时,空心玻璃微珠粒子在材料中受到应力发生形变、破坏等,从而吸收冲击能量,提高冲击性能,同时还可以引发银纹,终止裂缝扩展,在一定形态结构下引发基体的剪切屈服,从而消耗大量的冲击能量,又能较好地传递所承受的外力,提高聚氨酯缓冲层的压缩强度、弯曲强度、冲击强度;
聚氨酯缓冲层中的环氧树脂由双酚A型环氧树脂、双酚F型环氧树脂、脂肪族环氧树脂、改性纳米二氧化硅和改性硅溶胶制成,提高了材料的韧性。在体系中加入改性硅溶胶微粒和改性纳米二氧化硅,可以大大改善材料的力学性能和热学性能,同时还发现改性硅溶胶微粒的加入对制备过程中的组份混合、产物的拉伸性能的提高以及产品的最终互穿形态均有利;
本发明中制作改性纳米二氧化硅时,利用氢氧化钡和碳酸钠混合作为催化剂让纳米级的 SiO2粒子的表面能够受到羟基的作用,从而含有一定数量的含氧官能团,增加了纳米级SiO2粒子的有关表面相容性,在纳米级SiO2粒子与其余原料充分混合时,因为SiO2颗粒很小,且比表面积大,细微化的结构使得其余物料与其的接触面积增大,使SiO2粒子可以在物料中均匀分散,从而便于SiO2与其余物质在高温下发生化学键合或者物理结合。此外,均匀分散的纳米级SiO2相当于“锚点”,其能够使高温环境下生成的强化基体与其结合,在受到外力冲击作用下,能够产生 “应力集中”的效应,使得其周围的一些基体“屈服”并吸收较多的变形功,此外也能够产生 “钉扎-攀越”效应,增大裂纹在扩展时所受到的阻力,消耗变形功,从而使其韧性增加。
有益效果:与现有的相比,本发明具有以下优点:
1)本发明通过在地板砖表面设置一层聚氨酯缓冲层,相比较于木地板,同样起到了防护的作用,而且造价低廉,同时采用特殊结构的地砖能够吸收并降低运动所产生的震动和噪声,降低了室内噪声污染;
2)本发明以烧制地砖的常规原料粘土、粉煤灰、电石灰、铁矿废渣和铝灰作为主料,其中混入碳化硅、蓝晶石粉和锂辉石粉作为制孔剂,既可确保烧成后的地砖中含有一些开放型气孔(或称开口气孔),而且也不会影响其强度,这些气孔能够大幅度消减震动的传递和吸收噪声;
3)本发明的地砖在烧结过程中,铝纤维丝融化并填充于部分孔隙中,不仅可以作为砖体的骨架增强其强度,而且还可以有效防止制孔剂在高温下分解形成气孔的过程中以及蓝晶石粉膨胀所导致的裂纹等缺陷的产生;
4)本发明中,聚氨酯缓冲层的改性填料中含有海泡石绒粉、硅藻土和改性空心玻璃微珠,这三种物质能够均匀分散在聚氨酯基体中,一方面,海泡石绒粉具有很大的内表面积,其是具有微孔结构的微粉,这些微孔结构能够有效削减震动的传递并吸收噪声,另一方面是改性过程中使空心玻璃微珠表面接枝大量的硅羟基,这些基团通过化学反应将空心玻璃微珠与基体连接起来,保证二者具有良好的界面结合力,材料在受到外力时,空心玻璃微珠粒子在材料中受到应力发生形变、破坏等,从而吸收冲击能量,提高冲击性能,同时还可以引发银纹,终止裂缝扩展,在一定形态结构下引发基体的剪切屈服,从而消耗大量的冲击能量,又能较好地传递所承受的外力,提高聚氨酯缓冲层的压缩强度、弯曲强度、冲击强度。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明做进一步的阐述。
实施例1
一种缓冲减震型地板砖,在地板砖的表面设置一层聚氨酯缓冲层,所述地板砖由主料、主料重量4%的制孔剂、主料重量3%的外加剂、主料重量2%的增强粉以及主料重量14%且直径不超过1mm的铝纤维丝烧制而成,按照重量比,所述主料由16份的粉煤灰、10份的电石灰、7份的粘土、3份的铁矿废渣和4份的铝灰组成,制孔剂由8份的碳化硅、3份的蓝晶石粉和2份的锂辉石粉混合而成,外加剂由4份的氧化钙和3份的氧化镁混合而成,所述增强粉由6份粒径不超过1mm的石英砂、2份的微硅粉和1份的改性氧化铝微粉混合均匀后得到;所述改性氧化铝微粉是将氧化铝微粉与其重量3%的表面改性剂混合得到,该表面改性剂由氢氧化钡、碳酸钠和KH550按照重量比3:1:30的比例混合而成;
所述聚氨酯缓冲层由A组分和A组分重量60%的B组分混合而成,其中,按照重量比,A组分由7份的聚环氧丙烷醚、3份的甲苯二异氰酸酯和2份的二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯混合制成,B组分由6份聚环氧丙烷醚、4份的环氧树脂、3份的硅溶胶和2份的改性填料制成,所述改性填料由4份的海泡石绒粉、1份的硅藻土、10份的改性空心玻璃微珠和3份的改性纳米二氧化硅混合而成,所述改性空心玻璃微珠指将市售的空心玻璃微珠与其重量3%的表面改性剂Ⅰ混合后静置1h后过滤晾干得到,所用表面改性剂Ⅰ由KH550、乙醇、丙酮和氢氧化钡按照重量比3:80:2:1的比例混合而成;所述改性纳米二氧化硅是将市售的纳米二氧化硅与其重量3%的表面改性剂Ⅱ混合得到,该表面改性剂Ⅱ由氢氧化钡、碳酸钠和KH550按照重量比3:1:30的比例混合而成;
上述缓冲减震型地板砖的制作方法,包括以下步骤:
1)制备改性氧化铝微粉,备用;
将氧化铝微粉与其重量3%的表面改性剂混合得到,该表面改性剂由氢氧化钡、碳酸钠和KH550按照重量比3:1:30的比例混合而成;
2)按照上述的要求分别称取组成主料、制孔剂、外加剂和增强粉的各原料混合并粉磨至细度不超过100微米,从而制得主料粉、制孔剂粉、外加剂和增强粉,备用;
称取直径不超过1mm的铝纤维丝,备用;
3)将步骤2)制得的主料粉、制孔剂粉、外加剂和增强粉混合,然后向其中依次加入主料粉重量40%的水和主料粉重量3%的拌合液,拌合均匀得到泥料,并将泥料陈化6天后,备用;
所述拌合液为地沟油和淀粉按照重量比为10:1的比例混合而成;
4)取步骤2)称取的铝纤维丝混杂后与步骤3)中陈化后的泥料拌合均匀,而后制成砖坯,并在90℃的温度下烘干,备用;
5)将步骤4)中烘干后的砖坯进行烧结,自然冷却后得到地板砖,然后在地板砖的表面铺设一层聚氨酯缓冲层,即得到产品;
所述烧结分为预热段、升温段和焙烧段三部分,其中,预热段是指使炉内温度从常温在3h均匀升高到350℃,并保持该温度1h,在此过程中,保持炉内氧气含量不高于4%;
所述升温段是指,使炉内温度从350℃在4h均匀升高到950℃,并保持该温度1h,在此过程中,保持炉内氧气含量不低于45%;
所述焙烧段是指,使炉内温度从950℃在2h均匀升高到1550℃,并保持该温度3h,在此过程中,保持炉内氧气含量不低于35%。
以上为本实施例的基本实施方式,可在以上基础上做进一步的改进、优化和限定:
如,所述制孔剂中还含有1份的蛭石粉;
又如,所述外加剂中还含有1份的白云石粉;
再如,所述聚氨酯缓冲层的制备方法包括以下步骤:
1)制备A组分,备用;
分别按照所述的比例称取聚环氧丙烷醚、甲苯二异氰酸酯和二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯,然后将聚环氧丙烷醚在真空度为0.096MPa的条件下进行减压脱水,待其含水率小于0.1%后,降温至60℃,在搅拌的条件下向其中加入称量好的甲苯二异氰酸酯,升温至85℃,搅拌反应2h,然后降温至40℃,再向其中加入称量好的二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯,混合均匀即得到A组分;
2)制备B组分,备用;
分别按照上述的比例称取聚环氧丙烷醚、环氧树脂、硅溶胶和改性填料,然后将聚环氧丙烷醚在真空度为0.096MPa的条件下减压脱水至含水率小于0.1%,然后向其中加入环氧树脂,待环氧树脂融化后,降温至50℃,然后依次向其中加入硅溶胶和改性填料,搅拌均匀即得到B组分;
3)在使用时,将A组分和其重量60%的B组分混合即得到聚氨酯缓冲层。
实施例2
一种缓冲减震型地板砖,在地板砖的表面设置一层聚氨酯缓冲层,所述地板砖由主料、主料重量5%的制孔剂、主料重量5%的外加剂、主料重量3%的增强粉以及主料重量16%且直径不超过1mm的铝纤维丝烧制而成,按照重量比,所述主料由18份的粉煤灰、12份的电石灰、9份的粘土、4份的铁矿废渣和5份的铝灰组成,制孔剂由9份的碳化硅、4份的蓝晶石粉和3份的锂辉石粉混合而成,外加剂由5份的氧化钙和4份的氧化镁混合而成,所述增强粉由7份粒径不超过1mm的石英砂、3份的微硅粉和1.2份的改性氧化铝微粉混合均匀后得到;所述改性氧化铝微粉是将氧化铝微粉与其重量5%的表面改性剂混合得到,该表面改性剂由氢氧化钡、碳酸钠和KH550按照重量比4:2:30的比例混合而成;
所述聚氨酯缓冲层由A组分和A组分重量80%的B组分混合而成,其中,按照重量比,A组分由9份的聚环氧丙烷醚、5份的甲苯二异氰酸酯和4份的二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯混合制成,B组分由7份聚环氧丙烷醚、5份的环氧树脂、4份的硅溶胶和3份的改性填料制成,所述改性填料由6份的海泡石绒粉、2份的硅藻土、12份的改性空心玻璃微珠和5份的改性纳米二氧化硅混合而成,所述改性空心玻璃微珠指将市售的空心玻璃微珠与其重量5%的表面改性剂Ⅰ混合后静置2h后过滤晾干得到,所用表面改性剂Ⅰ由KH550、乙醇、丙酮和氢氧化钡按照重量比4:80:3:2的比例混合而成;所述改性纳米二氧化硅是将市售的纳米二氧化硅与其重量5%的表面改性剂Ⅱ混合得到,该表面改性剂Ⅱ由氢氧化钡、碳酸钠和KH550按照重量比4:2:30的比例混合而成;
上述缓冲减震型地板砖的制作方法,包括以下步骤:
1)制备改性氧化铝微粉,备用;
将氧化铝微粉与其重量5%的表面改性剂混合得到,该表面改性剂由氢氧化钡、碳酸钠和KH550按照重量比4:2:30的比例混合而成;
2)按照上述的要求分别称取组成主料、制孔剂、外加剂和增强粉的各原料混合并粉磨至细度不超过100微米,从而制得主料粉、制孔剂粉、外加剂和增强粉,备用;
称取直径不超过1mm的铝纤维丝,备用;
3)将步骤2)制得的主料粉、制孔剂粉、外加剂和增强粉混合,然后向其中依次加入主料粉重量50%的水和主料粉重量5%的拌合液,拌合均匀得到泥料,并将泥料陈化8天后,备用;
所述拌合液为地沟油和淀粉按照重量比为10:1的比例混合而成;
4)取步骤2)称取的铝纤维丝混杂后与步骤3)中陈化后的泥料拌合均匀,而后制成砖坯,并在110℃的温度下烘干,备用;
5)将步骤4)中烘干后的砖坯进行烧结,自然冷却后得到地板砖,然后在其表面铺设一层聚氨酯缓冲层,即得到产品;
所述烧结分为预热段、升温段和焙烧段三部分,其中,预热段是指使炉内温度从常温在3h均匀升高到350℃,并保持该温度2h,在此过程中,保持炉内氧气含量不高于4%;
所述升温段是指,使炉内温度从350℃在4h均匀升高到950℃,并保持该温度2h,在此过程中,保持炉内氧气含量不低于45%;
所述焙烧段是指,使炉内温度从950℃在2h均匀升高到1550℃,并保持该温度4h,在此过程中,保持炉内氧气含量不低于35%。
以上为本实施例的基本实施方式,可在以上基础上做进一步的改进、优化和限定:
如,所述制孔剂中还含有2份的蛭石粉;
又如,所述外加剂中还含有2份的白云石粉;
再如,所述聚氨酯缓冲层的制备方法包括以下步骤:
1)制备A组分,备用;
分别按照所述的比例称取聚环氧丙烷醚、甲苯二异氰酸酯和二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯,然后将聚环氧丙烷醚在真空度为0.096MPa的条件下进行减压脱水,待其含水率小于0.1%后,降温至60℃,在搅拌的条件下向其中加入称量好的甲苯二异氰酸酯,升温至90℃,搅拌反应2h,然后降温至40℃,再向其中加入称量好的二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯,混合均匀即得到A组分;
2)制备B组分,备用;
分别按照上述的比例称取聚环氧丙烷醚、环氧树脂、硅溶胶和改性填料,然后将聚环氧丙烷醚在真空度为0.096MPa的条件下减压脱水至含水率小于0.1%,然后向其中加入环氧树脂,待环氧树脂融化后,降温至50℃,然后依次向其中加入硅溶胶和改性填料,搅拌均匀即得到B组分;
3)在使用时,将A组分和其重量80%的B组分混合即得到聚氨酯缓冲层。
实施例3
一种缓冲减震型地板砖,在地板砖的表面设置一层聚氨酯缓冲层,所述地板砖由主料、主料重量4.5%的制孔剂、主料重量4%的外加剂、主料重量2.5%的增强粉以及主料重量15%且直径不超过1mm的铝纤维丝烧制而成,按照重量比,所述主料由17份的粉煤灰、11份的电石灰、8份的粘土、3.5份的铁矿废渣和4-5份的铝灰组成,制孔剂由8.5份的碳化硅、3.5份的蓝晶石粉和2.5份的锂辉石粉混合而成,外加剂由4.5份的氧化钙和3.5份的氧化镁混合而成,所述增强粉由6.5份粒径不超过1mm的石英砂、2.5份的微硅粉和1.1份的改性氧化铝微粉混合均匀后得到;所述改性氧化铝微粉是将氧化铝微粉与其重量4%的表面改性剂混合得到,该表面改性剂由氢氧化钡、碳酸钠和KH550按照重量比3.5:1.5:30的比例混合而成;
所述聚氨酯缓冲层由A组分和A组分重量70%的B组分混合而成,其中,按照重量比,A组分由8份的聚环氧丙烷醚、4份的甲苯二异氰酸酯和3份的二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯混合制成,B组分由6.5份聚环氧丙烷醚、4.5份的环氧树脂、3.5份的硅溶胶和2-3份的改性填料制成,所述改性填料由5份的海泡石绒粉、1.5份的硅藻土、11份的改性空心玻璃微珠和4份的改性纳米二氧化硅混合而成,所述改性空心玻璃微珠指将市售的空心玻璃微珠与其重量4%的表面改性剂Ⅰ混合后静置1.5h后过滤晾干得到,所用表面改性剂Ⅰ由KH550、乙醇、丙酮和氢氧化钡按照重量比3.5:80:2.5:1.5的比例混合而成;所述改性纳米二氧化硅是将市售的纳米二氧化硅与其重量4%的表面改性剂Ⅱ混合得到,该表面改性剂Ⅱ由氢氧化钡、碳酸钠和KH550按照重量比3.5:1.5:30的比例混合而成;
上述缓冲减震型地板砖的制作方法,包括以下步骤:
1)制备改性氧化铝微粉,备用;
将氧化铝微粉与其重量4%的表面改性剂混合得到,该表面改性剂由氢氧化钡、碳酸钠和KH550按照重量比3.5:1.5:30的比例混合而成;
2)按照上述的要求分别称取组成主料、制孔剂、外加剂和增强粉的各原料混合并粉磨至细度不超过100微米,从而制得主料粉、制孔剂粉、外加剂和增强粉,备用;
称取直径不超过1mm的铝纤维丝,备用;
3)将步骤2)制得的主料粉、制孔剂粉、外加剂和增强粉混合,然后向其中依次加入主料粉重量45%的水和主料粉重量4%的拌合液,拌合均匀得到泥料,并将泥料陈化7天后,备用;
所述拌合液为地沟油和淀粉按照重量比为10:1的比例混合而成;
4)取步骤2)称取的铝纤维丝混杂后与步骤3)中陈化后的泥料拌合均匀,而后制成砖坯,并在100℃的温度下烘干,备用;
5)将步骤4)中烘干后的砖坯进行烧结,自然冷却后得到地板砖,然后在地板砖的表面铺设一层聚氨酯缓冲层,即得到产品;
所述烧结分为预热段、升温段和焙烧段三部分,其中,预热段是指使炉内温度从常温在3h均匀升高到350℃,并保持该温度1.5h,在此过程中,保持炉内氧气含量不高于4%;
所述升温段是指,使炉内温度从350℃在4h均匀升高到950℃,并保持该温度1.5h,在此过程中,保持炉内氧气含量不低于45%;
所述焙烧段是指,使炉内温度从950℃在2h均匀升高到1550℃,并保持该温度3.5h,在此过程中,保持炉内氧气含量不低于35%。
以上为本实施例的基本实施方式,可在以上基础上做进一步的改进、优化和限定:
如,所述制孔剂中还含有1.5份的蛭石粉;
又如,所述外加剂中还含有1.5份的白云石粉;
再如,所述聚氨酯缓冲层的制备方法包括以下步骤:
1)制备A组分,备用;
分别按照所述的比例称取聚环氧丙烷醚、甲苯二异氰酸酯和二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯,然后将聚环氧丙烷醚在真空度为0.096MPa的条件下进行减压脱水,待其含水率小于0.1%后,降温至60℃,在搅拌的条件下向其中加入称量好的甲苯二异氰酸酯,升温至88℃,搅拌反应2h,然后降温至40℃,再向其中加入称量好的二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯,混合均匀即得到A组分;
2)制备B组分,备用;
分别按照上述的比例称取聚环氧丙烷醚、环氧树脂、硅溶胶和改性填料,然后将聚环氧丙烷醚在真空度为0.096MPa的条件下减压脱水至含水率小于0.1%,然后向其中加入环氧树脂,待环氧树脂融化后,降温至50℃,然后依次向其中加入硅溶胶和改性填料,搅拌均匀即得到B组分;
3)在使用时,将A组分和其重量70%的B组分混合即得到聚氨酯缓冲层。
Claims (5)
1.一种缓冲减震型地板砖,其特征在于:在地板砖的表面设置一层聚氨酯缓冲层,所述地板砖由主料、主料重量4-5%的制孔剂、主料重量3-5%的外加剂、主料重量2-3%的增强粉以及主料重量14-16%且直径不超过1mm的铝纤维丝烧制而成,按照重量比,所述主料由16-18份的粉煤灰、10-12份的电石灰、7-9份的粘土、3-4份的铁矿废渣和4-5份的铝灰组成,制孔剂由8-9份的碳化硅、3-4份的蓝晶石粉和2-3份的锂辉石粉混合而成,外加剂由4-5份的氧化钙和3-4份的氧化镁混合而成,所述增强粉由6-7份粒径不超过1mm的石英砂、2-3份的微硅粉和1-1.2份的改性氧化铝微粉混合均匀后得到;所述改性氧化铝微粉是将氧化铝微粉与其重量3-5%的表面改性剂混合得到,该表面改性剂由氢氧化钡、碳酸钠和KH550按照重量比3-4:1-2:30的比例混合而成;
所述聚氨酯缓冲层由A组分和A组分重量60-80%的B组分混合而成,其中,按照重量比,A组分由7-9份的聚环氧丙烷醚、3-5份的甲苯二异氰酸酯和2-4份的二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯混合制成,B组分由6-7份的聚环氧丙烷醚、4-5份的环氧树脂、3-4份的硅溶胶和2-3份的改性填料制成,所述改性填料由4-6份的海泡石绒粉、1-2份的硅藻土、10-12份的改性空心玻璃微珠和3-5份的改性纳米二氧化硅混合而成,所述改性空心玻璃微珠指将市售的空心玻璃微珠与其重量3-5%的表面改性剂Ⅰ混合后静置1-2h后过滤晾干得到,所用表面改性剂Ⅰ由KH550、乙醇、丙酮和氢氧化钡按照重量比3-4:80:2-3:1-2的比例混合而成;所述改性纳米二氧化硅是将市售的纳米二氧化硅与其重量3-5%的表面改性剂Ⅱ混合得到,该表面改性剂Ⅱ由氢氧化钡、碳酸钠和KH550按照重量比3-4:1-2:30的比例混合而成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种缓冲减震型地板砖,其特征在于:所述制孔剂中还含有1-2份的蛭石粉。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种缓冲减震型地板砖,其特征在于:所述外加剂中还含有1-2份的白云石粉。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种缓冲减震型地板砖,其特征在于:所述聚氨酯缓冲层的制备方法包括以下步骤:
1)制备A组分,备用;
分别按照权利要求1所述的比例称取聚环氧丙烷醚、甲苯二异氰酸酯和二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯,然后将聚环氧丙烷醚在真空度为0.096MPa的条件下进行减压脱水,待其含水率小于0.1%后,降温至60℃,在搅拌的条件下向其中加入称量好的甲苯二异氰酸酯,升温至85-90℃,搅拌反应2h,然后降温至40℃,再向其中加入称量好的二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯,混合均匀即得到A组分;
2)制备B组分,备用;
分别按照权利要求1的比例称取聚环氧丙烷醚、环氧树脂、硅溶胶和改性填料,然后将聚环氧丙烷醚在真空度为0.096MPa的条件下减压脱水至含水率小于0.1%,然后向其中加入环氧树脂,待环氧树脂融化后,降温至50℃,然后依次向其中加入硅溶胶和改性填料,搅拌均匀即得到B组分;
3)在使用时,将A组分和其重量60-80%的B组分混合即得到聚氨酯缓冲层。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种缓冲减震型地板砖的制作方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
1)制备改性氧化铝微粉,备用;
将氧化铝微粉与其重量3-5%的表面改性剂混合得到,该表面改性剂由氢氧化钡、碳酸钠和KH550按照重量比3-4:1-2:30的比例混合而成;
2)按照权利要求1的要求分别称取组成主料、制孔剂、外加剂和增强粉的各原料混合并粉磨至细度不超过100微米,从而制得主料粉、制孔剂粉、外加剂和增强粉,备用;
称取直径不超过1mm的铝纤维丝,备用;
3)将步骤2)制得的主料粉、制孔剂粉、外加剂和增强粉混合,然后向其中依次加入主料粉重量40-50%的水和主料粉重量3-5%的拌合液,拌合均匀得到泥料,并将泥料陈化6-8天后,备用;
所述拌合液为地沟油和淀粉按照重量比为10:1的比例混合而成;
4)取步骤2)称取的铝纤维丝混杂后与步骤3)中陈化后的泥料拌合均匀,而后制成砖坯,并在90-110℃的温度下烘干,备用;
5)将步骤4)中烘干后的砖坯进行烧结,自然冷却后得到地板砖,然后在地板砖的表面铺设一层聚氨酯缓冲层,即得到产品;
所述烧结分为预热段、升温段和焙烧段三部分,其中,预热段是指使炉内温度从常温在3h均匀升高到350℃,并保持该温度1-2h,在此过程中,保持炉内氧气含量不高于4%;
所述升温段是指,使炉内温度从350℃在4h均匀升高到950℃,并保持该温度1-2h,在此过程中,保持炉内氧气含量不低于45%;
所述焙烧段是指,使炉内温度从950℃在2h均匀升高到1550℃,并保持该温度3-4h,在此过程中,保持炉内氧气含量不低于35%。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201611064431.XA CN106760400B (zh) | 2016-11-28 | 2016-11-28 | 一种缓冲减震型地板砖及其制作方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201611064431.XA CN106760400B (zh) | 2016-11-28 | 2016-11-28 | 一种缓冲减震型地板砖及其制作方法 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN106760400A CN106760400A (zh) | 2017-05-31 |
CN106760400B true CN106760400B (zh) | 2019-01-29 |
Family
ID=58904407
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201611064431.XA Active CN106760400B (zh) | 2016-11-28 | 2016-11-28 | 一种缓冲减震型地板砖及其制作方法 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN106760400B (zh) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107890408A (zh) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-04-10 | 西安科锐盛创新科技有限公司 | 导盲系统 |
CN108579050B (zh) * | 2018-04-08 | 2020-04-14 | 许昌学院 | 一种缓震式拳击练习用沙袋 |
CN108635801B (zh) * | 2018-04-08 | 2020-02-18 | 许昌学院 | 一种室内用立式健身沙袋 |
CN108854014B (zh) * | 2018-07-21 | 2020-08-11 | 台州云造智能科技有限公司 | 一种拳击健身用沙袋 |
CN109468695A (zh) * | 2018-10-24 | 2019-03-15 | 南昌航空大学 | 一种基于废弃物的铝灰中空纤维阻尼材料 |
CN112500070A (zh) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-03-16 | 安徽快鼠工业设计有限公司 | 一种砌筑砂浆 |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2007051449A (ja) * | 2005-08-17 | 2007-03-01 | Yasuhara Chemical Co Ltd | タイルカーペット |
CN203097213U (zh) * | 2013-01-18 | 2013-07-31 | 江门市长河化工实业集团有限公司 | 一种橡胶地板 |
CN203947723U (zh) * | 2014-03-18 | 2014-11-19 | 广东盈然木业有限公司 | 地板 |
CN104631749A (zh) * | 2013-11-12 | 2015-05-20 | 江阴华诚汽车内饰件有限公司 | 一种阻燃抗菌型卷材地板 |
CN104790629A (zh) * | 2015-02-12 | 2015-07-22 | 安吉恒丰竹木产品有限公司 | 一种含高分子发泡材料的新型竹、木复合地板 |
-
2016
- 2016-11-28 CN CN201611064431.XA patent/CN106760400B/zh active Active
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2007051449A (ja) * | 2005-08-17 | 2007-03-01 | Yasuhara Chemical Co Ltd | タイルカーペット |
CN203097213U (zh) * | 2013-01-18 | 2013-07-31 | 江门市长河化工实业集团有限公司 | 一种橡胶地板 |
CN104631749A (zh) * | 2013-11-12 | 2015-05-20 | 江阴华诚汽车内饰件有限公司 | 一种阻燃抗菌型卷材地板 |
CN203947723U (zh) * | 2014-03-18 | 2014-11-19 | 广东盈然木业有限公司 | 地板 |
CN104790629A (zh) * | 2015-02-12 | 2015-07-22 | 安吉恒丰竹木产品有限公司 | 一种含高分子发泡材料的新型竹、木复合地板 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN106760400A (zh) | 2017-05-31 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN106760400B (zh) | 一种缓冲减震型地板砖及其制作方法 | |
CN104017413B (zh) | 一种内墙用保温腻子及其使用方法 | |
CN102888900B (zh) | 一种轻型保温复合硅钙复合板 | |
CN106431488B (zh) | 一种轻质高强陶瓷板及其制备方法 | |
CN106630939A (zh) | 一种轻质多孔地板砖及其制作方法 | |
CN106632976A (zh) | 一种用于体育馆地面的弹性减震材料及其制备方法 | |
CN107032738A (zh) | 一种环保节能的建筑材料及其制备方法 | |
CN107056173A (zh) | 一种保温建筑材料及其制备方法 | |
CN108863311A (zh) | 一种建筑节能保温砖及其制备方法 | |
CN102491730A (zh) | 一种利用拜耳赤泥生产人造火山石砌块的方法 | |
CN108854014A (zh) | 一种拳击健身用沙袋 | |
CN106639236B (zh) | 一种用于卫生间地面的弹性砖及其制作方法 | |
CN107162506A (zh) | 一种抗折抗压的建筑材料及其制备方法 | |
CN107117941A (zh) | 一种地板材料及其制备方法 | |
CN106608724A (zh) | 一种具有吸声功能的地砖及其制作方法 | |
CN106589899A (zh) | 一种铺设于室内健身房地面的弹性材料 | |
CN106927775A (zh) | 一种无水型底层粉刷石膏及其制备方法 | |
KR100830550B1 (ko) | 경량 기포 콘크리트 | |
CN106758679B (zh) | 一种用于室外塑胶跑道铺设的地砖及其制作方法 | |
KR20010096638A (ko) | 용암석분을 이용한 건축구조물 성형용 조성물 | |
CN107265998A (zh) | 一种节能环保的地板及其制备方法 | |
CN107902979B (zh) | 一种砌砖及其制造方法 | |
CN111704427B (zh) | 一种内墙隔板及其制备方法 | |
KR100429854B1 (ko) | 황토와 송이를 포함하는 경량 모르타르 | |
CN106517988A (zh) | 一种煤矸石烧结自保温复合砌块及其制备方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |