CN106759981A - 一种钢结构节能外墙体 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及建筑领域，具体是涉及一种钢结构节能外墙体，它是由钢筋混凝土墙面、内粉刷层、界面层、保温层、防护层和饰面层组成，其特征是：所述的界面层是由乳液、强度等级42.5级硅酸盐水泥、细砂按1:1:1重量比配制成界面处理砂浆；所述的保温层由胶粉聚苯颗粒保温浆料和石墨聚苯板组成。该外墙体达到了很好的保温节能的效果；同时还有具有很好的防火性和抗裂性能及耐候性能，并且在节能保温同时还具有环保的特点。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及建筑领域，具体是涉及一种钢结构节能外墙体。
背景技术
目前我国城乡住宅竣工建筑面积每年超过10亿平方米，而且在今后相当长的一段时间内，我国住宅建设仍处于增量型发展时期。钢结构住宅体系具有便于实现标准化、部品化，组织进行工业化生产；节能、节水、节地、节材，符合环保及可持续发展的要求等特点。这些特点与住宅产业化的内涵及我国住宅产业化的核心模式---“节约型住宅”的要求相一致，是我国推进住宅产业现代化的较理想的住宅建筑体系。
但传统的钢结构搭配混凝土或者砌体外墙具有一定的缺陷型，如建筑保温性太差，不能满足节约型住宅的要求。一些外墙外体的保温层采用的保温材料虽能达到墙体保温节能效果，但存在防火性和抗裂性能差，易老化寿命短等技术问题，也不利于环保。同时，国内建筑结构基层表面平整度偏差过大，大多数超出外墙外保温的允许偏差范围，因此需要打磨，大大增加了施工周期及工作量。
发明内容
为了克服上述不足，本发明的目的是：提供一种钢结构节能外墙体，该外墙体达到了很好的保温节能的效果；同时还有具有很好的防火性和抗裂性能及耐候性能，并且在节能保温同时还具有环保的特点。
本发明的技术方案是：一种钢结构节能外墙体，它是由钢筋混凝土墙面、内粉刷层、界面层、保温层、防护层和饰面层组成，其特征是：所述的界面层是由乳液、强度等级42.5级硅酸盐水泥、细砂按1:1:1重量比配制成界面处理砂浆；所述的保温层由胶粉聚苯颗粒保温浆料和石墨聚苯板组成。
所述的乳液为高分子乳液。
所述的高分子乳液是有以下重量份的原料组成：硅丙乳液87份、四氯邻苯二甲酸酐5份、聚磷酸铵4份、消泡剂2份和偶联剂2份；所述的聚磷酸铵的分子量为2000。
所述的消泡剂为有机硅类消泡剂；偶联剂为铝酸酯偶联剂。
所述的胶粉聚苯颗粒保温浆料为由硅酸盐类胶粉料、聚苯颗粒轻骨料和水按重量比1：4：8搅拌而成。
所述的聚苯颗粒轻骨料为回收的废聚苯乙烯泡沫材料破碎制成。
所述的石墨聚苯板的尺寸是450mm×600mm长条板，石墨聚苯板用胶粉聚苯颗粒保温浆料找平，不能粘贴石墨聚苯板部位用胶粉聚苯颗粒保温浆料满抹代替。
所述的防护层是由水泥抗裂砂浆与耐碱玻纤网格布复合组成。
所述的水泥抗裂砂浆是由水泥30份、石英砂50份、羟丙基甲基纤维素0.7份、可再分散乳胶粉4份、木质素磺酸钠3份、膨胀珍珠岩9份。
本发明的优点是：该外墙体的保温层采用胶粉聚苯颗粒保温浆料和石墨聚苯板相结合，达到了很好的保温节能的效果，并具有很好的防火性能；本发明的界面层所采用的高分子乳液不仅具有很好的贴合力，并且还具有阻燃的性能；本发明的防护层采用的水泥抗裂砂浆不仅具有较高的粘结强度高、抗压强度和很好的抗裂性外，同时还具有保温隔热性、耐水性、耐候性等性能。
下面通过说明书附图及具体实施例对本发明做进一步详细说明，但不作为对本发明的限定。
附图说明
图1是本发明的结构示意图；
图中，1、钢筋混凝土墙面；2、内粉刷层；3、界面层；4、保温层；5、防护层；6、饰面层。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种钢结构节能外墙体，它是由钢筋混凝土墙面1、内粉刷层2、界面层3、保温层4、防护层5和饰面层6组成，所述的界面层3是由乳液、强度等级42.5级硅酸盐水泥、细砂按1:1:1重量比配制成界面处理砂浆；所述的保温层由胶粉聚苯颗粒保温浆料和石墨聚苯板组成。
实施例2
如图1所示，一种钢结构节能外墙体，它是由内粉刷层2、钢筋混凝土墙面1、界面层3、保温层4、防护层5和饰面层6依次顺序组成，所述的界面层3是由乳液、强度等级42.5级硅酸盐水泥、细砂按1:1:1重量比配制成界面处理砂浆；所述的保温层由胶粉聚苯颗粒保温浆料和石墨聚苯板组成。所述的乳液为高分子乳液。
实施例3
在实施例2的基础上，所述的高分子乳液是有以下重量份的原料组成：硅丙乳液87份、四氯邻苯二甲酸酐5份、聚磷酸铵4份、消泡剂2份和偶联剂2份；所述的聚磷酸铵的分子量为2000。所述的消泡剂为有机硅类消泡剂；偶联剂为铝酸酯偶联剂。该高分子乳液在具有很好的贴合力同时，还有阻燃的性能，大大提高了防火性能。
所述的胶粉聚苯颗粒保温浆料为由硅酸盐类胶粉料、聚苯颗粒轻骨料和水按重量比1：4：8搅拌而成。所述的聚苯颗粒轻骨料为回收的废聚苯乙烯泡沫材料破碎制成，利废再生，达到了环保。
所述的石墨聚苯板的尺寸是450mm×600mm长条板，先用胶粉聚苯颗粒保温浆料找平，然后再将多个石墨聚苯板平铺，不能粘贴石墨聚苯板部位用胶粉聚苯颗粒保温浆料满抹代替。无需对石墨聚苯板进行打磨；450mm×600mm的石墨聚苯板尺寸易于操作施工，不易出现虚贴；这样既简化了施工，同时节省了建筑能耗。同时还具有很好的保温和防火性能。
所述的防护层是由水泥抗裂砂浆与耐碱玻纤网格布复合组成。所述的水泥抗裂砂浆是由水泥30份、石英砂50份、羟丙基甲基纤维素0.7份、可再分散乳胶粉4份、木质素磺酸钠3份、膨胀珍珠岩9份。该水泥抗裂砂浆不仅具有较高的粘结强度高、抗压强度和很好的抗裂性外，同时还具有保温隔热性、耐水性、耐候性等性能。该水泥抗裂砂浆的28d抗压强度为390kPa，在5mm以下无裂纹。
具体施工至少包括如下步骤：
步骤1)施工准备；
步骤2)钢筋混凝土墙面做基层处理；
步骤3)涂界面处理砂浆，形成界面层；
步骤4)保温层施工，先用胶粉聚苯颗粒保温浆料找平，然后铺石墨聚苯板；
步骤5)抹水泥抗裂砂浆，然后铺耐碱玻纤网格布，形成防护层；
步骤6)面砖或涂料施工前先在防护层上抹柔性防水腻子并用细砂纸磨平，再做饰面层施工；
步骤7)最后进行内粉刷层的施工；
本实施例没有详细叙述的部件和结构属本行业的公知部件和常用结构或常用手段，这里不一一叙述。
Claims (9)
1.一种钢结构节能外墙体，它是由钢筋混凝土墙面(1)、内粉刷层(2)、界面层(3)、保温层(4)、防护层(5)和饰面层(6)组成，其特征是：所述的界面层(3)是由乳液、强度等级42.5级硅酸盐水泥、细砂按1:1:1重量比配制成界面处理砂浆；所述的保温层由胶粉聚苯颗粒保温浆料和石墨聚苯板组成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种钢结构节能外墙体，其特征是：所述的乳液为高分子乳液。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种钢结构节能外墙体，其特征是：所述的高分子乳液是有以下重量份的原料组成：硅丙乳液87份、四氯邻苯二甲酸酐5份、聚磷酸铵4份、消泡剂2份和偶联剂2份；所述的聚磷酸铵的分子量为2000。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种钢结构节能外墙体，其特征是：所述的消泡剂为有机硅类消泡剂；偶联剂为铝酸酯偶联剂。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种钢结构节能外墙体，其特征是：所述的胶粉聚苯颗粒保温浆料为由硅酸盐类胶粉料、聚苯颗粒轻骨料和水按重量比1：4：8搅拌而成。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种钢结构节能外墙体，其特征是：所述的聚苯颗粒轻骨料为回收的废聚苯乙烯泡沫材料破碎制成。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种钢结构节能外墙体，其特征是：所述的石墨聚苯板的尺寸是450mm×600mm长条板，石墨聚苯板用胶粉聚苯颗粒保温浆料找平，不能粘贴石墨聚苯板部位用胶粉聚苯颗粒保温浆料满抹代替。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种钢结构节能外墙体，其特征是：所述的防护层是由水泥抗裂砂浆与耐碱玻纤网格布复合组成。
9.根据权利要求8所述的一种钢结构节能外墙体，其特征是：所述的水泥抗裂砂浆是由水泥30份、石英砂50份、羟丙基甲基纤维素0.7份、可再分散乳胶粉4份、木质素磺酸钠3份、膨胀珍珠岩9份。
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