CN106756948A - 一种不锈钢表面发黑的处理方法 - Google Patents
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- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- OTRAYOBSWCVTIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N OB(O)O.OB(O)O.OB(O)O.OB(O)O.OB(O)O.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N Chemical compound OB(O)O.OB(O)O.OB(O)O.OB(O)O.OB(O)O.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N OTRAYOBSWCVTIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- ZLXPLDLEBORRPT-UHFFFAOYSA-M [NH4+].[Fe+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O Chemical compound [NH4+].[Fe+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ZLXPLDLEBORRPT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000018660 ammonium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011609 ammonium molybdate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P ammonium molybdate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940010552 ammonium molybdate Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- VZDYWEUILIUIDF-UHFFFAOYSA-J cerium(4+);disulfate Chemical compound [Ce+4].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O VZDYWEUILIUIDF-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000355 cerium(IV) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940099596 manganese sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000007079 manganese sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011702 manganese sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000363 nickel(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
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- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001994 activation Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000007447 staining method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010963 304 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910000589 SAE 304 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 3
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
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- 241001062009 Indigofera Species 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明属于不锈钢表面处理技术领域，具体涉及一种不锈钢表面发黑的处理方法，包括抛光、电解活化、常温着色、坚膜、热风风干。本发明相比现有技术具有以下优点：利用本发明中方法，电解活化，着色剂在不锈钢表面形成一层致密的合金氧化物膜，有效避免化学着色偏蓝的问题，处理方法简单，易于控制，所形成黑色不锈钢膜层均匀光亮，无明显色差，耐磨性和耐腐蚀性都有明显提高，冷加工性变累积量达到80%以上未见开裂，适于推广使用。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于不锈钢表面处理技术领域，具体涉及一种不锈钢表面发黑的处理方法。
背景技术
不锈钢具有硬度高，耐磨性好，良好的耐腐蚀性，优良的外观和寿命长等特性，广泛应用于建筑、汽车工业、造船业、海洋装置、机械设备和化学设备等行业，不锈钢发黑使工件亚光，无挂灰，耐磨性好，可以扩大不锈钢板材的适用范围，现在主要由低温发黑、光学消光发黑和高温发黑多种方式，但是其综合性能较差，需要进一步研究。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有的问题，提供了一种不锈钢表面发黑的处理方法。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：一种不锈钢表面发黑的处理方法，利用发黑着色液对不锈钢表面进行处理，具体包括以下步骤：
（1）将不锈钢经机械抛光后得到粗糙度Ra为0.2的板材，进行电解处理，处理条件为：温度65-70℃、电流密度0.2-0.4A/dm²、时长30分钟；
（2）将上述处理后的不锈钢在常温下置于着色液中进行着色，在着色过程中使用超声波辐射，处理条件为：频率6.5-8MHz、声强为22-28kW/㎡；着色后在包含180g/L氧化铬、40g/L氧化锆和50g/L硫酸的坚膜液中坚膜；
其中，着色液使用以下组分配比：铬酐220-240g/L、硫酸亚铁铵80-100g/L、硫酸350-420g/L、硫酸锰3-4g/L、硫酸高铈5-10g/L、钼酸铵2-4g/L、五硼酸铵4-7g/L；
（3）着色后用自来水冲洗，用质量浓度为8%的硫酸镍溶液在38-45℃的温度下处理1.5-2小时，用70-75℃的热风风干。
作为对上述方案的进一步改进，所述电解液由以下原料组成：硫酸150-180ml/L、乙酸40-70ml/L、正丁醇80-120ml/L、OP乳液25-35ml/L，余量为水。
作为对上述方案的进一步改进，所述坚膜是以不锈钢作为阴极，铅版作为阳极，电流密度为0.3A/dm²，坚膜时间为10-15分钟。
本发明所选不锈钢为304奥氏体不锈钢。
本发明相比现有技术具有以下优点：利用本发明中方法，电解活化，在常温条件着色处理，着色剂在不锈钢表面形成一层致密的合金氧化物膜，有效避免化学着色偏蓝的问题，处理方法简单，易于控制，降低成本，所形成黑色不锈钢膜层均匀光亮，无明显色差，耐磨性和耐腐蚀性都有明显提高，冷加工性变累积量达到80%以上未见开裂，适于推广使用。
具体实施方式
实施例1
选择厚度为0.8mm的304不锈钢板进行以下处理，利用发黑着色液对不锈钢表面进行处理，具体包括以下步骤：
（1）将不锈钢经机械抛光后得到粗糙度Ra为0.2的板材，进行电解处理，处理条件为：温度65℃、电流密度0.2A/dm²、时长30分钟；
（2）将上述处理后的不锈钢在常温下置于着色液中进行着色，在着色过程中使用超声波辐射，处理条件为：频率7MHz、声强为26kW/㎡；着色后在包含180g/L氧化铬、40g/L氧化锆和50g/L硫酸的坚膜液中坚膜；
其中，着色液包含以下组分：铬酐220g/L、硫酸亚铁铵100g/L、硫酸350g/L、硫酸锰3g/L、硫酸高铈10g/L、钼酸铵2g/L、五硼酸铵7g/L；
（3）着色后用自来水冲洗，用质量浓度为8%的硫酸镍溶液在38℃的温度下处理2小时，用70℃的热风风干。
其中，所述电解液由以下原料组成：硫酸150ml/L、乙酸70ml/L、正丁醇80ml/L、OP乳液35ml/L，余量为水；所述坚膜是以不锈钢作为阴极，铅版作为阳极，电流密度为0.3A/dm²，坚膜时间为10分钟。
经以上方法处理后的304不锈钢板表面附着一层均匀光亮的黑色膜，耐磨性优异，可经NM-1耐摩擦试验机负载500g砝码摩擦4426圈露底；经氯化铁溶液实验，腐蚀孔数为0.28个/cm²，相比未处理不锈钢板的1.92个/cm²大大减少；冷加工性变累积量达到80%以上未见开裂，且颜色无明显变化。
实施例2
选择厚度为0.8mm的304不锈钢板进行以下处理，利用发黑着色液对不锈钢表面进行处理，具体包括以下步骤：
（1）将不锈钢经机械抛光后得到粗糙度Ra为0.2的板材，进行电解处理，处理条件为：温度70℃、电流密度0.4A/dm²、时长30分钟；
（2）将上述处理后的不锈钢在常温下置于着色液中进行着色，在着色过程中使用超声波辐射，处理条件为：频率6.5MHz、声强为22kW/㎡；着色后在包含180g/L氧化铬、40g/L氧化锆和50g/L硫酸的坚膜液中坚膜；
其中，着色液包含以下组分：铬酐240g/L、硫酸亚铁铵8g/L、硫酸350g/L、硫酸锰3g/L、硫酸高铈10g/L、钼酸铵3g/L、五硼酸铵4g/L；
（3）着色后用自来水冲洗，用质量浓度为8%的硫酸镍溶液在45℃的温度下处理2小时，用75℃的热风风干。
其中，所述电解液由以下原料组成：硫酸150ml/L、乙酸60ml/L、正丁醇90ml/L、OP乳液30ml/L，余量为水；所述坚膜是以不锈钢作为阴极，铅版作为阳极，电流密度为0.3A/dm²，坚膜时间为12分钟。
经以上方法处理后的304不锈钢板表面附着一层均匀光亮的黑色膜，耐磨性优异，可经NM-1耐摩擦试验机负载500g砝码摩擦4396圈露底；经氯化铁溶液实验，腐蚀孔数为0.36个/cm²，相比未处理不锈钢板的1.92个/cm²大大减少；冷加工性变累积量达到80%以上未见开裂，且颜色无明显变化。
实施例3
选择厚度为0.8mm的304不锈钢板进行以下处理，利用发黑着色液对不锈钢表面进行处理，具体包括以下步骤：
（1）将不锈钢经机械抛光后得到粗糙度Ra为0.2的板材，进行电解处理，处理条件为：温度65-70℃、电流密度0.2-0.4A/dm²、时长30分钟；
（2）将上述处理后的不锈钢在常温下置于着色液中进行着色，在着色过程中使用超声波辐射，处理条件为：频率8MHz、声强为28kW/㎡；着色后在包含180g/L氧化铬、40g/L氧化锆和50g/L硫酸的坚膜液中坚膜；
其中，着色液包含以下组分：铬酐240g/L、硫酸亚铁铵90g/L、硫酸400g/L、硫酸锰3g/L、硫酸高铈8g/L、钼酸铵3g/L、五硼酸铵5g/L；
（3）着色后用自来水冲洗，用质量浓度为8%的硫酸镍溶液在42℃的温度下处理2小时，用75℃的热风风干。
其中，所述电解液由以下原料组成：硫酸160ml/L、乙酸50ml/L、正丁醇100ml/L、OP乳液25ml/L，余量为水；所述坚膜是以不锈钢作为阴极，铅版作为阳极，电流密度为0.3A/dm²，坚膜时间为12分钟。
经以上方法处理后的304不锈钢板表面附着一层均匀光亮的黑色膜，耐磨性优异，可经NM-1耐摩擦试验机负载500g砝码摩擦4452圈露底；经氯化铁溶液实验，腐蚀孔数为0.33个/cm²，相比未处理不锈钢板的1.92个/cm²大大减少；冷加工性变累积量达到80%以上未见开裂，且颜色无明显变化。
Claims (3)
1.一种不锈钢表面发黑的处理方法，其特征在于，利用发黑着色液对不锈钢表面进行处理，具体包括以下步骤：
（1）将不锈钢经机械抛光后得到粗糙度Ra为0.2的板材，进行电解处理，处理条件为：温度65-70℃、电流密度0.2-0.4A/dm²、时长30分钟；
（2）将上述处理后的不锈钢在常温下置于着色液中进行着色，在着色过程中使用超声波辐射，处理条件为：频率6.5-8MHz、声强为22-28kW/㎡；着色后在包含180g/L氧化铬、40g/L氧化锆和50g/L硫酸的坚膜液中坚膜；
其中，着色液包含以下组分：铬酐220-240g/L、硫酸亚铁铵80-100g/L、硫酸350-420g/L、硫酸锰3-4g/L、硫酸高铈5-10g/L、钼酸铵2-4g/L、五硼酸铵4-7g/L；
（3）着色后用自来水冲洗，用质量浓度为8%的硫酸镍溶液在38-45℃的温度下处理1.5-2小时，用70-75℃的热风风干。
2.如权利要求1所述一种不锈钢表面发黑的处理方法，其特征在于，所述电解液由以下原料组成：硫酸150-180ml/L、乙酸40-70ml/L、正丁醇80-120ml/L、OP乳液25-35ml/L，余量为水。
3.如权利要求1所述一种不锈钢表面发黑的处理方法，其特征在于，所述坚膜是以不锈钢作为阴极，铅版作为阳极，电流密度为0.3A/dm²，坚膜时间为10-15分钟。
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