CN106756265A - The Al Sc Zr Yb alloys and its Technology for Heating Processing of a kind of high performance-price ratio high-strength highly-conductive - Google Patents
The Al Sc Zr Yb alloys and its Technology for Heating Processing of a kind of high performance-price ratio high-strength highly-conductive Download PDFInfo
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- CN106756265A CN106756265A CN201611065568.7A CN201611065568A CN106756265A CN 106756265 A CN106756265 A CN 106756265A CN 201611065568 A CN201611065568 A CN 201611065568A CN 106756265 A CN106756265 A CN 106756265A
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
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Abstract
The Al Sc Zr Yb alloys and its Technology for Heating Processing of a kind of high performance-price ratio high-strength highly-conductive, belong to technical field of alloy.Alloy is the Sc that 0.193~0.256% (percentage by weight) is added in aluminum substrate, the Zr of 0.187~0.243% (percentage by weight), the Yb of 0.077~0.109% (percentage by weight).The Technology for Heating Processing of the alloy solution treatment 40~50 hours, water quenching to room temperature first at 640 ± 10 DEG C, then carry out the isothermal aging of 96~144h between 350~400 DEG C.Combined microalloying of the present invention as a result of Sc, Zr, Yb, alloy is not only provided simultaneously with significant ageing strengthening effect and good electric conductivity, and in the case where same rigidity value is obtained, compared to Al Sc Zr alloys, the price of Al Sc Zr Yb alloys can reduce by 30 yuan/kilogram, with high performance-price ratio.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of alloy material, and in particular to a kind of aluminum alloy materials by combined microalloying
And its Technology for Heating Processing.
Technical background
With China's sustained and rapid development of economy, the demand for electric power this important energy source constantly rises.As leading
Wire material, aluminium and its alloy not only have excellent electrical and thermal conductivity, and good processability, and cheap is therefore suffered from
More and more extensive concern.
Conductor material should also have certain intensity to support the quality of itself and outer in addition to having good conductance
The natural load-carrying (wind load ice load etc.) for coming.In materialogy field, the method for improving intensity of aluminum alloy has refined crystalline strengthening, deformation
Reinforcing, four kinds of modes of solution strengthening and dispersion-strengtherning.While with different method strengthening materials, the electric conductivity of material can be produced
The certain influence of life.Research shows that intensity, hardness are raised after metal occurs cold plastic deformation, and electric conductivity can be reduced slightly；When
After crystal grain refinement, because crystal grain reduces, grain boundary area increases, and scattering process of the crystal boundary to electronics strengthens, and can also make materials conductive
Property slightly has reduction.In a word, refined crystalline strengthening and working hardening have a certain impact to the electric conductivity of material, but influence degree is smaller.
When impurity in aluminium or alloying element are in solid solution state, there is influence strongly to the electric conductivity of aluminium, and work as it and be in precipitation
During state, the influence to electric conductivity be only the part of solid solution state to 1/tens, therefore, this mode of solution strengthening can be with
Improve intensity but substantially reduce electric conductivity, do not meet the electric conductivity demand of wire.In sum, to obtain being provided simultaneously with height
By force, the aluminum conductor material led high, it is necessary to which solid solubility of the added alloying element of satisfaction in aluminium is small as far as possible, and passes through
After certain Technology for Heating Processing, alloying element can the precipitation as much as possible from matrix, formed tiny, Dispersed precipitate in matrix
Hardening constituent.
In recent years, effect of the domestic and foreign scholars to rare earth element in aluminium alloy has carried out numerous studies, these researchs master
The influence of Sc, Zr, Er, Yb etc. and its combined microalloying to aluminium alloy is concentrated on, wherein, it is the most deep with the research of Sc.
Sc is the micro alloying element with best ageing strengthening effect in aluminium alloy, in Al-Sc bianry alloys, the maximum solid solution of Sc
It is 0.23at.% to spend, when temperature is less than 450 DEG C, its solid solubility less than 0.01at.%, therefore after heat treatment, can be a large amount of
Disperse educt has the Al3Sc of L12 structures, so that the intensity of alloy is raised.But because the diffusion coefficient of Sc is larger, in high temperature
Al3Sc precipitated phases are easily roughened after long-time timeliness, cause the poor heat resistance of alloy.And the unit price of Al-5wt%Sc is up to 2000
Unit/kilogram.The addition of expensive Sc considerably increases the production cost of aluminium alloy, receives aluminium alloy containing Sc application in the industry
To limitation.Research shows that the less Zr of micro diffusion coefficient is added in Al-Sc bianry alloys can improve alloy heat resistance,
Simultaneously high concentration Sc and Zr be combined addition after can be formed small and dispersed, interior Sc outward Zr have core shell structure Al3 (Sc,
Zr) the second phase, reaches the synchronous raising of intensity and heat resistance.In the industry, the unit price of Al-5wt%Zr is 100 yuan/kilogram, valency
Lattice are cheap, in can be widely applied to industrial production.But still there is problem in application process in Sc, Zr combined microalloying.300
DEG C when Sc there is best ageing strengthening effect, but the relatively low Zr elements of diffusion coefficient cannot completely be separated out and drop electrical conductivity
It is low.Zr can be separated out completely after temperature is raised, but the ageing strengthening effect of Sc is substantially deteriorated, when particularly Sc contents are relatively low,
High temperature (400 DEG C) cannot disperse educt, or even entirely without ageing strengthening effect.
Chinese patent CN105483455A discloses the heat treatment for having invented a kind of Al-Sc-Zr-Er alloys high-strength highly-conductive state
Technique, shows alloy by after 350~400 DEG C of isothermal agings 144 hours, up to 64HV, electrical conductivity can also reach hardness number
60%IACS, alloy has high-strength highly-conductive performance.CN105483455A has achieved good effect, but in actual applications
Also needing to of having further improves hardness and conductance, and now CN105483455A can not meet and needs further exist for high-performance
Occasion.
Added on the basis of Sc, Zr combined microalloying at high temperature also can disperse educt there is the Al3Yb of L12 structures
The Yb elements of phase.Compared with Sc, Zr, the nuclear driving force of Yb is bigger than Sc, Zr under same amount, particularly in hot stage.
The addition of Yb can promote the disperse educt of Sc, Zr, ultimately form Al3 (Sc, Zr, the Yb) precipitated phase with L12 structures, both protect
The conductance of alloy material is demonstrate,proved, the intensity of alloy material has been can guarantee that again.The unit price of Al-5wt%Yb is 110 yuan/kilogram simultaneously,
The addition of a small amount of Yb elements will not increase substantially production cost, in can be widely applied to industrial production.
The present invention is based on considerations above, devises Al-Sc-Zr-Yb alloys, it is intended to find its suitable composition range
With corresponding Technology for Heating Processing, so as to prepare the aluminium alloy conductor material of high performance-price ratio high-strength highly-conductive.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to the method by combined microalloying, a kind of Al-Sc-Zr-Yb alloys and its heat are found
Handling process such that it is able to improve the intensity and electric conductivity of alloy, while can also drop low-alloyed production cost, has alloy
High performance-price ratio.
A kind of Al-Sc-Zr-Yb alloys of high performance-price ratio high-strength highly-conductive, it is characterised in that added in aluminum substrate
The Sc of 0.193~0.256% (percentage by weight), the Zr of 0.187~0.243% (percentage by weight), 0.077~0.109%
The Yb of (percentage by weight).
The optimal components scope of the above alloying element is：Zr is 0.187~0.233% (percentage by weight), and Yb is
0.077~0.090% (percentage by weight).
The preparation method of the alloy is that Al-2wt%Sc, Al-3wt%Zr, Al- are being added during smelting aluminum
The intermediate alloy of 25wt%Yb, smelting temperature is 780 ± 10 DEG C.After reaching smelting temperature, it is sufficiently stirred for, insulation stands 15 minutes
After carry out swage casting obtain cast alloy, be then heat-treated, to obtain the alloy material.
The Al-Sc-Zr-Yb alloys and its Technology for Heating Processing of a kind of high performance-price ratio high-strength highly-conductive of the present invention, it is special
Levy and be, including following Technology for Heating Processing step：
(1) homogenizing annealing is carried out to cast alloy at 640 ± 10 DEG C, then carries out the cold rolling change that deflection is 90%
Shape, afterwards in 640 ± 10 DEG C of solution treatment 40~50 hours, water quenching to room temperature；
(2) isothermal aging of 72~144h is carried out between 350~400 DEG C.
The optimum treatment process of the above alloy is preferably 96~144h of isothermal aging between 350~400 DEG C.
The present invention not only makes alloy be provided simultaneously with significant timeliness strong as a result of the combined microalloying of Sc, Zr, Yb
Change effect and excellent electric conductivity, and greatly reduce the production cost of alloy.As shown in accompanying drawing 2,3,6,7,9, alloy
By after 350~400 DEG C of isothermal agings 96 hours, the hardness number of A1, A2 alloy reaches as high as 73HV up to more than 66HV, electricity
Conductance is also above 60%IACS, reaches as high as 60.5%IACS, and in the case where same rigidity value is obtained, compared to
Al-Sc-Zr alloys, the price of Al-Sc-Zr-Yb alloys can reduce by 30 yuan/kilogram, with high performance-price ratio.Chinese patent
CN105483455A discloses the Technology for Heating Processing for having invented a kind of Al-Sc-Zr-Er alloys high-strength highly-conductive state, shows that alloy exists
By after 350~400 DEG C of isothermal agings 144 hours, up to 64HV, electrical conductivity can also reach 60%IACS, alloy tool to hardness number
There is high-strength highly-conductive performance.Yb and Er is all lanthanide series, a kind of Al-Sc-Zr- of high performance-price ratio high-strength highly-conductive of the present invention
Yb alloys and its Technology for Heating Processing, not only ensure that the intensity and electric conductivity of alloy, while heat treatment time is shortened, using this
Inventive technique scheme isothermal aging reaches the effect of CN105483455A for 96 hours, so as to reduce further being produced into for alloy
This, improves economic benefit, in can be widely applied to industrial production.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1：300 DEG C of isothermal aging hardness curves；
Fig. 2：350 DEG C of isothermal aging hardness curves；
Fig. 3：400 DEG C of isothermal aging hardness curves；
Fig. 4：450 DEG C of isothermal aging hardness curves；
Fig. 5：300 DEG C of isothermal aging conductance profiles；
Fig. 6：350 DEG C of isothermal aging conductance profiles；
Fig. 7：400 DEG C of isothermal aging conductance profiles；
Fig. 8：450 DEG C of isothermal aging conductance profiles；
Fig. 9：Al-Sc-Zr-Yb alloy cost performance figures.
Specific embodiment
With reference to example, the invention will be further described.First in 640 ± 10 DEG C of solution treatment 40~50 hours, water
Quench to room temperature, then carry out the isothermal aging treatment of 0~144h different times every 50 DEG C between 300~450 DEG C.
Embodiment 1：Alloy cast ingot is prepared using graphite crucible melting and iron mould casting, it is raw materials used for rafifinal and Al-
The intermediate alloy of 2wt%Sc, Al-3wt%Zr, Al-25wt%Yb.At 780 ± 10 DEG C of smelting temperature, first by rafifinal aluminium ingot
Fusing, is subsequently added Al-Sc, Al-Zr, Al-Yb intermediate alloy, is sufficiently stirred for, and insulation carries out swage casting after standing 15 minutes.
Ingot casting is carried out into homogenizing annealing at 640 ± 10 DEG C, the cold-rolling deformation that deflection is 90% is then carried out.It is prepared for 5 kinds of differences
The aluminium alloy of composition, its actual constituent is measured by XRF, as shown in table 1 below.
The technic metal composition of table 1
Embodiment 2：Solution treatment in 40~50 hours, water quenching to room are carried out at 640 ± 10 DEG C to the alloy in embodiment 1
Temperature, then carries out isothermal aging at 350 DEG C.Fig. 2 is the hardness curve of alloy isothermal aging at 350 DEG C.Can from figure
Go out, ageing impact toughness, the hardness number of alloy is constantly lifted with the extension of aging time, and timeliness reaches peak value of hardness after 1 hour, it
Extension over time afterwards, hardness number is held essentially constant.After timeliness 96 hours, the hardness number of A1, A2 alloy be respectively 66HV,
73HV, it is seen that alloy has good reinforcing effect.Fig. 6 is the conductance profile of alloy isothermal aging at 350 DEG C.From figure
As can be seen that with the extension of aging time, electrical conductivity is integrally presented ascendant trend, timeliness is after 96 hours, the electricity of A1, A2 alloy
Conductance is respectively 60.5%IACS, 60.2%IACS, it is seen that alloy has good electric conductivity.Additionally, A4, A5 alloy aging 96
Hardness number is only 53HV, 49HV after hour, and its electrical conductivity is also less than 60%IACS.A3 alloy agings after 96 hours hardness number be
70HV, electrical conductivity is 59.8%IACS, but because its Sc content is high, considerably increases production cost, and its hardness number and conductance
A2 alloy of the rate also below relatively low Sc contents.
Embodiment 3：Solution treatment in 40~50 hours, water quenching to room are carried out at 640 ± 10 DEG C to the alloy in embodiment 1
Temperature, then carries out isothermal aging at 400 DEG C.Fig. 3, Fig. 7 are respectively the hardness curve and conductance of alloy isothermal aging at 400 DEG C
Rate curve.It can be seen that the variation tendency of the hardness curve of alloy and conductance profile and class of a curve in embodiment 2
Seemingly.After timeliness 96 hours, the hardness number of A1, A2 alloy is respectively 66HV, 72HV, and electrical conductivity is up to 60.3%IACS, 60.4%
IACS, it is seen that A1, A2 alloy have high-strength highly-conductive performance.Although A4, A5 alloy timeliness after 96 hours electrical conductivity more than 60.0%
IACS, but its hardness number is only 52HV, 48HV.A3 alloy agings after 96 hours hardness number be 68HV, electrical conductivity is 60.1%
IACS, less than the A2 alloys of relatively low Sc contents.
Comparative example 1：Solution treatment in 40~50 hours, water quenching to room are carried out at 640 ± 10 DEG C to the alloy in embodiment 1
Temperature, then carries out isothermal aging at 300 DEG C.It is bent that Fig. 1, Fig. 5 are respectively the alloy hardness of isothermal aging and electrical conductivity at 300 DEG C
Line.It can be seen that A1, A2 alloy aging are after 96 hours, hardness number is respectively 66HV, 72HV, and electrical conductivity is respectively
56.4%IACS, 57.1%IACS, relative to 350 DEG C, 400 DEG C of isothermal aging treatment, the reinforcing effect of alloy is basically unchanged, but
Its electric conductivity is substantially reduced.
Comparative example 2：Solution treatment in 40~50 hours, water quenching to room are carried out at 640 ± 10 DEG C to the alloy in embodiment 1
Temperature, then carries out isothermal aging at 450 DEG C.It is bent that Fig. 4, Fig. 8 are respectively the alloy hardness of isothermal aging and electrical conductivity at 450 DEG C
Line.It can be seen that timeliness is after 96 hours, the electrical conductivity of A1, A2 alloy is respectively 60.2%IACS, 60.3%IACS,
Hardness number is respectively 47HV, 55HV.Relative to 350 DEG C, 400 DEG C of isothermal aging treatment, the electric conductivity of alloy is basically unchanged, but its
Reinforcing effect is substantially reduced.
For comparative example 1, after 96 hours, the hardness number of alloy is up to more than 60HV, but its electrical conductivity is only 57% for timeliness
IACS or so, the electric conductivity of alloy is bad.For comparative example 2, the electrical conductivity of alloy is in more than 60%IACS, but its hardness number
Less than 55HV, the reinforcing effect of alloy is bad.For embodiment 2,3, up to more than 66HV, electrical conductivity is also all for the hardness number of alloy
More than 60%IACS, and in the case where same rigidity value is obtained, compared to Al-Sc-Zr alloys, Al-Sc-Zr-Yb alloys
Price can reduce by 30 yuan/kilogram, therefore alloy not only has high-strength highly-conductive performance and with high performance-price ratio.So alloy is most
Good Technology for Heating Processing is 96~144h of isothermal aging between 350~400 DEG C.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of Al-Sc-Zr-Yb alloys of high performance-price ratio high-strength highly-conductive, it is characterised in that 0.193 is added in aluminum substrate
The Sc of~0.256% (percentage by weight), the Zr of 0.187~0.243% (percentage by weight), 0.077~0.109% (weight
Percentage) Yb.
2. according to a kind of Al-Sc-Zr-Yb alloys of the high performance-price ratio high-strength highly-conductive described in claim 1, it is characterised in that close
The composition range of gold element is：Zr is 0.187~0.233% (percentage by weight), and Yb is 0.077~0.090% (weight percent
Than).
3. the Technology for Heating Processing of the Al-Sc-Zr-Yb alloys of a kind of high performance-price ratio high-strength highly-conductive described in claim 1 and 2, its
It is characterised by, comprises the following steps：
(1) homogenizing annealing is carried out to cast alloy at 640 ± 10 DEG C, then carries out the cold-rolling deformation that deflection is 90%, it
Afterwards in 640 ± 10 DEG C of solution treatment 40~50 hours, water quenching to room temperature；
(2) isothermal aging of 72~144h is carried out between 350~400 DEG C.
4. Technology for Heating Processing according to claim 3, it is characterised in that between 350~400 DEG C isothermal aging 96~
144h。
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| CN201611065568.7A CN106756265B (en) | 2016-11-28 | 2016-11-28 | A kind of the Al-Sc-Zr-Yb alloy and its heat treatment process of high performance-price ratio high-strength highly-conductive |
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| CN201611065568.7A CN106756265B (en) | 2016-11-28 | 2016-11-28 | A kind of the Al-Sc-Zr-Yb alloy and its heat treatment process of high performance-price ratio high-strength highly-conductive |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108315604A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-07-24 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of Al-Yb-Zr alloys of the low Sc contents of reinforcing |
| CN110343911A (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2019-10-18 | 中南大学 | A kind of aluminium alloy conductor material of anti-intermediate temperature creep and preparation method thereof |
| CN115595474A (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2023-01-13 | 无锡华能电缆有限公司（Cn） | Super heat-resistant aluminum alloy conductor, preparation method thereof and steel-cored super heat-resistant aluminum alloy stranded wire |
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| JP2001181767A (en) * | 1999-12-22 | 2001-07-03 | United Technol Corp <Utc> | High strength aluminum alloy |
| CN102534318A (en) * | 2012-03-21 | 2012-07-04 | 北京工业大学 | High-strength, high-conductivity and heat-resistant aluminum alloy conductor material and preparation method thereof |
| CN105483455A (en) * | 2016-01-19 | 2016-04-13 | 北京工业大学 | Thermal treatment process of Al-Sc-Zr-Er aluminum alloy in high-strength and high-conductivity state |
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2016
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001181767A (en) * | 1999-12-22 | 2001-07-03 | United Technol Corp <Utc> | High strength aluminum alloy |
| CN102534318A (en) * | 2012-03-21 | 2012-07-04 | 北京工业大学 | High-strength, high-conductivity and heat-resistant aluminum alloy conductor material and preparation method thereof |
| CN105483455A (en) * | 2016-01-19 | 2016-04-13 | 北京工业大学 | Thermal treatment process of Al-Sc-Zr-Er aluminum alloy in high-strength and high-conductivity state |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| 张义: ""Er，Yb 微合金化铝合金中第二相的演变及与力学相关性的研究"", 《中国博士学位论文全文数据库 工程科技Ⅰ辑》 * |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108315604A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-07-24 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of Al-Yb-Zr alloys of the low Sc contents of reinforcing |
| CN110343911A (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2019-10-18 | 中南大学 | A kind of aluminium alloy conductor material of anti-intermediate temperature creep and preparation method thereof |
| CN110343911B (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2020-11-20 | 中南大学 | Intermediate temperature creep resistant aluminum alloy conductor material and preparation method thereof |
| CN115595474A (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2023-01-13 | 无锡华能电缆有限公司（Cn） | Super heat-resistant aluminum alloy conductor, preparation method thereof and steel-cored super heat-resistant aluminum alloy stranded wire |
| CN115595474B (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2023-08-25 | 无锡华能电缆有限公司 | Special heat-resistant aluminum alloy wire, preparation method thereof and steel core special heat-resistant aluminum alloy stranded wire |
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