CN106753761B - Needle pricks formula camellia fruit seed shell separating technology and needle pricks formula camellia fruit hull and seed separator - Google Patents
Needle pricks formula camellia fruit seed shell separating technology and needle pricks formula camellia fruit hull and seed separator Download PDFInfo
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- CN106753761B CN106753761B CN201611141383.XA CN201611141383A CN106753761B CN 106753761 B CN106753761 B CN 106753761B CN 201611141383 A CN201611141383 A CN 201611141383A CN 106753761 B CN106753761 B CN 106753761B
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- shell
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/02—Pretreatment
- C11B1/04—Pretreatment of vegetable raw material
Abstract
Formula camellia fruit seed shell separating technology is pricked the present invention provides a kind of needle and needle pricks formula camellia fruit hull and seed separator, the camellia shell in the camellia fruit mixing seed shell in conveying device is sorted using acupuncture treatment, it penetrates in camellia shell and is promoted by the acupuncture treatment that vertical direction moves back and forth, be detached from camellia shell using shelling plate;Seed shell is mixed using the conveying device conveying camellia fruit on delivery element with gap, the withered camellia seed of tiny camellia shell clast, lesion and other impurities then pass through the gap and fall;Separating technology of the invention synchronous in the transmission process that camellia fruit mixes seed shell can carry out; separative efficiency height, seed shell good separating effect; in camellia seed shell-containing rate less than in 3%, shell contain (normal camellia seed) seed rate less than 2%; and obtained camellia seed particle is uniform, adapts to scale industrial production;Camellia fruit hull and seed separator structure is simple, does not need the complicated circuit constructions such as setting controller, equipment cost is low, easy-to-operate, the operation is stable.
Description
Technical field
Formula camellia fruit seed shell separating technology is pricked the present invention provides a kind of needle and needle pricks formula camellia fruit hull and seed separator, is belonged to
Camellia fruit processing technique field.
Background technique
Camellia fruit is the distinctive woody oil resource in China, and the fatty acid composition in tea oil is similar to olive oil, is known as " east
The laudatory titles such as square olive oil ", " king in oil ", " gold liquid ".It is up in camellia oil containing monounsaturated fatty acids needed by human
90%, rich in the elements such as vitamin E, tea polyphenols, camellin, tsubakisaponin and calcium, iron, zinc and antioxidant VE and spiny dogfish
Alkene is a kind of xylophyta oil for being provided simultaneously with edible value, pharmaceutical value and health value.
The camellia fruit of picking splits through processing or after decorticator is peeled off, and must remove shell and obtain tea seed.Conventional method is
Manual sorting is carried out after exposing to the weather cracking, needs to expend a large amount of artificial, inadaptable large-scale production.Minority market exists at present
Hull and seed separator, separating effect are poor, it is still necessary to which certain artificial supplementation is selected.Therefore a kind of high-efficient, effect is developed
Good camellia fruit hull and seed separator is an oil tea industry problem urgently to be solved.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, and provide a kind of camellia fruit seed shell separating technology and camellia
Fruit hull and seed separator, separative efficiency is high and will not damage tea seed.
Realize that technical solution used by the object of the invention is, a kind of needle bundle formula camellia fruit seed shell separating technology, in camellia
After artificial or decorticator is peeled off, camellia fruit mixes in the transmission process of seed shell fruit, using acupuncture treatment in conveying device
Camellia fruit mixing seed shell in camellia shell sorted, by vertical direction move back and forth acupuncture treatment penetrate in camellia shell
And camellia shell is promoted;It is detached from acupuncture treatment using shelling plate and pricks attached camellia shell, shelling plate and acupuncture treatment are staggeredly so that camellia
Shell is detached from acupuncture treatment and falls into corresponding collection device under Gravitative Loads;Remaining camellia seed then pass through conveying device into
Enter camellia seed discharge port, to achieve the purpose that shell seed separates.
Comb teeth is had on the shelling plate, acupuncture treatment carries out vertical direction reciprocating motion in comb teeth gap, to realize de-
Coverboard and acupuncture treatment are staggeredly so that camellia shell and acupuncture treatment are detached from.
Seed shell is mixed using the conveying device conveying camellia fruit on delivery element with gap, gap is adjusted, so that the gap
Less than the minimum dimension of camellia seed, tiny shell is miscellaneous to be leaked out by the gap.
The present invention is also corresponding to provide a kind of needle Zha Shishan that formula camellia fruit seed shell separating technology is pricked for implementing above-mentioned needle
Tea fruit hull and seed separator goes out including at least camellia fruit mixing seed shell feeding port, conveying device and the camellia seed being installed in rack
Material mouth is equipped with shell unit and one group or more sorting equipment in rack, and sorting equipment is mounted on above conveying device and edge
Conveying direction is set gradually;The sorting equipment is pricked plate by first straight line displacement mechanism and its needle of driving and is constituted, first straight line
Displacement mechanism installs along the vertical direction, needle is driven to prick plate does vertical direction reciprocating motion, needle prick plate by acupuncture treatment fixed plate and 2 with
Upper evenly distributed acupuncture treatment is constituted, and the gap of acupuncture treatment is not less than the full-size of camellia seed;It is described go shell unit include shelling plate,
Body contact plate and second straight line displacement mechanism, second straight line displacement mechanism are installed in the horizontal direction, body contact plate are driven to do horizontal direction
It moves back and forth, shelling plate is located at the lower section that needle pricks plate, and body contact plate is located between shelling plate and conveying device, sets on the shelling plate
There is comb teeth, needle is pricked in the gap for being located at comb teeth;The delivery element of the conveying device is equipped with gap, is equipped with below conveying device
Thin shell discharging device.
The conveying device is roller conveyor, and the cylinder gap of roller conveyor is 1~20mm;Or the conveying dress
It is set to belt conveyor, conveyer belt is equipped with the strip-shaped hole along the long 20~40mm of conveying direction, wide 3~9mm;Or the conveying
Device is chain scraper conveyor, and carrier bar is equipped with the hole that diameter is 1~20mm.
The thin shell discharging device includes thin shell discharge bucket and thin pericarp shell collecting box, and thin shell discharge bucket is in funnel
Shape, discharging gate are located at the surface of thin pericarp shell collecting box.
The acupuncture treatment density for pricking plate along each needle of conveying direction is incremented by.
The tip of the acupuncture treatment is equipped with hangnail.
Each needle pricks plate and is interspersed along conveying direction.
The body contact plate edge direction vertical with conveying direction is diagonally downward.
As shown from the above technical solution, needle provided by the invention pricks formula camellia fruit seed shell separating technology and utilizes camellia shell table
The crude characteristic easily penetrated by sharp objects in face pricks plate to the camellia fruit in the camellia fruit mixing seed shell in conveying device using needle
Shell is sorted, and the needle moved back and forth by vertical direction pricks plate and penetrates and promoted camellia shell, and camellia seed is due to being in particle
Shape and surface is hard and smooth, encountering when needle pricks the acupuncture treatment of plate can be got away by promotion, will not be penetrated by acupuncture treatment, point of camellia shell
It picks and is carried out in the transmission process of camellia fruit mixing seed shell, therefore it is high-efficient to shell, adaptation scale industrial production, and due to
Camellia seed constantly moves, during transportation without constraint, can be rolled off needle when encountering needle and pricking plate and prick plate, therefore the separating technology is not
Camellia seed can be caused damaged;Seed shell is mixed using the conveying device conveying camellia fruit on delivery element with gap, gap is adjusted, makes
Obtain the minimum dimension that the gap is less than camellia seed, the withered camellia seed of tiny camellia shell clast, lesion and other impurities
It is then fallen by the gap, so that the camellia seed particle of discharge outlet is uniform, and seed shell good separating effect, shell is contained in camellia seed
Rate less than in 3%, shell contain (normal camellia seed) seed rate less than 2%.
Needle provided by the invention pricks formula camellia fruit hull and seed separator, and sorting is arranged on the pipeline of camellia fruit mixing seed shell
Device and remove shell unit.Wherein sorting equipment is used for the sorting of camellia shell, camellia shell is separated with camellia seed, sorting equipment
Multiple groups are set, be mounted on above conveying device and successively and are staggered along conveying direction, are realized to conveying device all standing
And the camellia shell in camellia fruit mixing seed shell is repeatedly sorted, sorting equipment is by first straight line displacement mechanism and its drive
Dynamic needle is pricked plate and is constituted, and needle bundle plate does vertical direction reciprocating motion by the driving of first straight line displacement mechanism, and needle is pricked plate and staggeredly divided
Cloth guarantees acupuncture treatment along conveying device transverse direction all standing, the acupuncture treatment density for pricking plate along each needle of conveying direction is passed so that acupuncture treatment interlocks
Increase, the camellia shell of small volume is tied up in conveying device back segment, and the gradation design that needle pricks plate acupuncture treatment density makes camellia seed
Middle shell-containing rate substantially reduces;The tip of acupuncture treatment is equipped with hangnail, prevents tiny pericarp from falling off because surface of having an acupuncture treatment is smooth, in acupuncture treatment
Hangnail can hook the shell with hair during acupuncture treatment above mentions simultaneously, improve shelling effect;Go shell unit for camellia fruit
Shell and needle prick the separation of plate and the collection of camellia shell, including shelling plate, body contact plate and second straight line displacement mechanism, and shell plate
It is equipped with comb teeth, needle is pricked in the gap for being located at comb teeth, when needle, which pricks plate, to be elevated by first straight line displacement mechanism, in acupuncture treatment
Shell encounters shelling plate, retard motion is kept off and is detached from acupuncture treatment, downward by the effect of self weight after falling on inclined body contact plate
Sliding is fallen into corresponding rewinding case, realizes that shell seed separates with this, body contact plate does level by the driving of second straight line displacement mechanism
Direction moves back and forth, and body contact plate retracts during the front half section and downlink of uplink process of having an acupuncture treatment, and body contact project is avoided to ring acupuncture treatment
With the movement of shell, stretches out, caught by shelling plate is detached from and is fallen shell in the second half section body contact plate of acupuncture treatment uplink process.
To further decrease shell-containing rate in camellia seed, conveying device selects roller conveyor, belt conveyor or carrier bar defeated
Machine is sent, delivery element is equipped with gap, and the withered camellia seed of tiny camellia shell clast, lesion and other impurities pass through
The gap is fallen, and thin shell discharging device, the withered camellia seed of tiny camellia shell clast, lesion are arranged below conveying device
And other impurities are collected and are discharged by thin shell discharging device, while the quality of camellia seed can be improved, and reduce camellia seed
Bad fruit rate.
Compared with prior art, needle of the invention, which pricks formula camellia fruit seed shell separating technology, to mix the defeated of seed shell in camellia fruit
Synchronization carries out during sending, separative efficiency height, seed shell good separating effect, and shell-containing rate is small less than rate containing seed in 3%, shell in camellia seed
In 2%, and obtained camellia seed particle is uniform, adapts to scale industrial production;Needle pricks formula camellia fruit hull and seed separator structure
Simply, the complicated circuit constructions such as setting controller are not needed, equipment cost is low, simple and safe operation, the operation is stable, husking yield
Height, and also tea seed will not be caused to damage.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the main view that needle provided by the invention pricks formula camellia fruit hull and seed separator.
Fig. 2 is the side view that needle provided by the invention pricks formula camellia fruit hull and seed separator.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of conveyer belt.
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of acupuncture treatment.
Wherein, 1- motor, 2- tea seed collecting box, 3- camellia seed discharge port, 4- drive roll, 5- bearing block, 6- conveyer belt,
7- upper holder, 8- shelling hydraulic cylinder, 9- shelling plate fixing seat, 10- acupuncture treatment, 100- hangnail, 11- acupuncture treatment fixed plate, 12- shelling
Plate, 13- camellia fruit mixing seed shell feeding port, 14- row's shell outlet, 15- body contact plate, 16- drive roll sprocket wheel, 17- chain,
18- motor sprocket, 19- body contact hydraulic cylinder, 20- shell skin collecting box, the passive roller of 21-, 22- lower bearing bracket, 23- control panel,
The thin shell discharge bucket of 24-, the thin pericarp shell collecting box of 25-, 26- tea seed, 27- camellia fruit mix seed shell, 28- shell pericarp, 29- item
Shape hole.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is illustrated in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, the contents of the present invention are not limited to following
Embodiment.
Needle provided by the invention pricks formula camellia fruit seed shell separating technology, specifically includes following content: using on delivery element
Conveying device conveying camellia fruit with gap mixes seed shell, gap is adjusted, so that the gap is less than the minimum dimension of camellia seed, carefully
Small shell is miscellaneous to be leaked out by the gap, and in camellia fruit after artificial or decorticator is peeled off, camellia fruit mixes the defeated of seed shell
During sending, the camellia shell in the camellia fruit mixing seed shell in conveying device is sorted using acupuncture treatment, passes through vertical side
Acupuncture treatment to reciprocating motion penetrates in camellia shell and promotes camellia shell;It is detached from acupuncture treatment using shelling plate and pricks attached camellia
Shell, shell plate on have comb teeth, acupuncture treatment in comb teeth gap carry out vertical direction reciprocating motion, shelling plate and acupuncture treatment interlock make
Camellia shell is obtained to be detached from acupuncture treatment and fall into corresponding collection device under Gravitative Loads;Remaining camellia seed then passes through conveying
Device enters camellia seed discharge port, to achieve the purpose that shell seed separates.
By taking conveying device selects belt conveyor as an example, needle provided by the invention pricks formula camellia fruit hull and seed separator, knot
Structure is as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, and the camellia fruit including being installed on lower bearing bracket 22 mixes seed shell feeding port 13, belt conveyor, camellia
Seed discharge port 3 and thin shell discharging device, and be installed on upper spider 7 and remove shell unit and three groups of sorting equipments;Thin shell
Discharging device is located at below conveying device, and three groups of sorting equipments are mounted on above conveying device and arranged successively in the conveying direction
And it is interspersed;
Belt conveyor passes through motor 1 and the transmission mechanism being made of motor sprocket 18, chain 17, drive roll sprocket wheel 16
Driving, 1 start and stop of motor of conveying device are controlled by the knob on control panel 23, and motor uses three-phase motor, Belt Conveying
Machine includes drive roll 4, conveyer belt 6 and passive roller 21, and drive roll 4 is supported and straight by transmission mechanism by bearing block 5
Driving is connect, referring to Fig. 3, conveyer belt 6 is equipped with the strip-shaped hole 29 along the long 20~40mm of conveying direction, wide 3~9mm, and size is preferred
30mm*6mm;
The sorting equipment is pricked plate by shelling hydraulic cylinder 8 and its needle of driving and is constituted, and shelling hydraulic cylinder 8 is pacified along the vertical direction
Dress, driving needle prick plate and do vertical direction reciprocating motion, and needle pricks the plate acupuncture treatment 10 evenly distributed by acupuncture treatment fixed plate 11 and 2 piece or more
It constitutes, when the hydraulic cylinder 8 that shells is in desired range, has an acupuncture treatment and convey spaced 1~3mm, conveyer belt is avoided to be pricked
Broken, referring to fig. 4,10 tip of having an acupuncture treatment is equipped with hangnail 100, and the gap of acupuncture treatment is not less than the full-size of camellia seed, along conveying
The acupuncture treatment density that each needle in direction pricks plate is incremented by;
Described that shell unit is gone to include shelling plate 12, body contact plate 15 and body contact hydraulic cylinder 19, body contact hydraulic cylinder 19 is along level side
Horizontal direction reciprocating motion is done to installation, driving body contact plate, shelling plate 12 is fixed on upper spider 7 by the plate fixing seat 9 that shells
And it is located at the lower section that needle pricks plate, shelling plate 12 is equipped with comb teeth, and needle is pricked in the gap for being located at comb teeth, and body contact plate 15 is located at shelling
Between plate 12 and conveying device, body contact plate 15 along the direction vertical with conveying direction diagonally downward, for avoid body contact plate 15 interfere
Acupuncture treatment movement, comb teeth equally can be set close to the side of acupuncture treatment in body contact plate 15, but the gap of comb teeth must be with acupuncture treatment diameter
Match, avoids the leather shell taken off from falling feedback from the gap of body contact plate comb teeth and acupuncture treatment and send and take;
The thin shell discharging device includes thin shell discharge bucket 24 and thin pericarp shell collecting box 25, thin shell discharge bucket 24
It is both secured on lower bearing bracket 22 with thin pericarp shell collecting box 2, thin shell discharge bucket 24 is funnel-shaped, and discharging gate is located at thin pericarp
The surface of shell collecting box 25.
Roller conveyor or chain scraper conveyor can also be used in the conveying device that above-mentioned needle pricks formula camellia fruit hull and seed separator,
When for roller conveyor, the cylinder gap for adjusting roller conveyor is 1mm~20mm, the preferred 3mm~9mm in gap;For chain
When plate conveyer, the hole that setting diameter is 1~20mm is needed on carrier bar, the other structures of seperator device are constant, no longer superfluous herein
It states.
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the working principle of needle bundle formula camellia fruit hull and seed separator provided by the invention is as follows: after peeling off
Camellia fruit mixes seed shell 27 and is mixed in the uniform material leakage to conveying device of seed shell feeding port 13 by camellia fruit, and camellia fruit mixes seed shell
13 exit width of feeding port is close to conveying device width, so that camellia fruit mixing seed shell is evenly laid out on a conveyor;When logical
Cross control panel starting conveyer belt 6 start transmit camellia fruit mixing seed shell 27 when, shelling 8 piston rod of hydraulic cylinder extend downwardly, band
The dynamic needle being attached thereto is pricked plate and is moved downward, during the acupuncture treatment 10 that needle is pricked on plate moves downward, when encountering tea seed 26, because of tea
Seed is rounded, surface is hard and smooth and got away by promotion, and acupuncture treatment continues to move downward when encountering shell pericarp 28, because of leather shell plane
, surface it is crude and relatively soft, penetrate in shell pericarp 28, acupuncture treatment continue traveling downwardly to shelling hydraulic cylinder 8 be in require
Range, acupuncture treatment at this time with convey spaced 1~3mm, avoid conveyer belt from being punctured, then shell 8 piston rod of hydraulic cylinder
It retracts upwards, when being retracted into half, body contact plate 15 is connected to 23 signal of control panel and is initially inserted into, i.e. the piston of body contact hydraulic cylinder 19
Bar stretches out, and body contact plate 15 is driven to protrude between shelling plate 12 and conveying device, and plate of having an acupuncture treatment at this time continues up, when upward
When shelling plate 12 is encountered in return, the leather shell in acupuncture treatment is blocked and fallen off by shelling plate 12, after falling on inclined body contact plate 15,
Row's shell outlet 14 is slid down to by the effect of self weight and is flowed into shell skin collecting box 20 by arranging shell outlet 14,
It is not continued to move along by conveyer belt 6 then by the tea seed 26 that needle is pricked, is finally transported to camellia seed discharge port 3 and is flowed into
In tea seed collecting box 2, when conveyer belt 6 is when conveying tea seed shell and thin sundries, because being with 6*30 strip-shaped hole on conveyer belt 6
Mouthful, thin leather shell object is finally flowed into thin pericarp shell and collects by being fallen in thin shell discharge bucket 24 automatically under the action of self weight
In case 25, so far tea fruit seed shell separating action is completed.It loops back and forth like this and is constantly separated.
Needle provided by the invention is pricked formula camellia fruit hull and seed separator and is not only simple in structure, easy to use, and the operation is stable,
Husking yield is high, and will not also cause to damage to tea seed.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of needle pricks formula camellia fruit seed shell separating technology, it is characterised in that:
In camellia fruit after artificial or decorticator is peeled off, camellia is conveyed using the conveying device on delivery element with gap
Fruit mixes seed shell, adjusts gap, so that the gap is less than the minimum dimension of camellia seed, tiny shell is miscellaneous to be leaked out by the gap;
Camellia fruit mixes in the transmission process of seed shell, using acupuncture treatment to the camellia fruit in the camellia fruit mixing seed shell in conveying device
Shell is sorted, and is penetrated in camellia shell and is promoted camellia shell, the acupuncture treatment by the acupuncture treatment that vertical direction moves back and forth
Tip be equipped with hangnail, the gap of acupuncture treatment is not less than the full-size of camellia seed, and needle pricks plate by acupuncture treatment fixed plate and 2 or more
Evenly distributed acupuncture treatment composition, the acupuncture treatment density for pricking plate along each needle of conveying direction are incremented by, and each needle is pricked plate and staggeredly divided along conveying direction
Cloth;
Attached camellia shell is pricked using being located in the shelling plate disengaging acupuncture treatment that needle is pricked below plate, has comb teeth on the shelling plate,
Acupuncture treatment carries out vertical direction reciprocating motion in comb teeth gap, to realize the plate that shells with acupuncture treatment staggeredly so that camellia shell and bundle
Needle is detached from;
Using be located between shelling plate and conveying device and horizontal direction moves back and forth, inclined body contact plate collect camellia fruit
Shell, camellia shell are fallen under Gravitative Loads in corresponding collection device, and the body contact plate is along the direction vertical with conveying direction
Diagonally downward;
Remaining camellia seed then passes through conveying device and enters camellia seed discharge port, to achieve the purpose that shell seed separates.
2. a kind of needle for pricking formula camellia fruit seed shell separating technology for implementing needle described in claim 1 pricks the separation of formula camellia fruit seed shell
Machine exists including at least camellia fruit mixing seed shell feeding port, conveying device and camellia seed discharge port, the feature being installed in rack
In: shell unit and one group or more sorting equipment are installed, sorting equipment is mounted on above conveying device and along defeated in rack
Direction is sent to set gradually;The sorting equipment is pricked plate by first straight line displacement mechanism and its needle of driving and is constituted, first straight line position
Telephone-moving structure is installed along the vertical direction, needle bundle plate is driven to do vertical direction reciprocating motion, and needle pricks plate by acupuncture treatment fixed plate and 2 or more
Evenly distributed acupuncture treatment is constituted, and the gap of acupuncture treatment is not less than the full-size of camellia seed;It is described that shell unit is gone to include shelling plate, connect
Coverboard and second straight line displacement mechanism, second straight line displacement mechanism installs in the horizontal direction, it is past to drive body contact plate to do horizontal direction
Multiple movement, shelling plate are located at the lower section that needle pricks plate, and body contact plate is located between shelling plate and conveying device, and the shelling plate is equipped with
Comb teeth, needle are pricked in the gap for being located at comb teeth;The delivery element of the conveying device is equipped with gap, is equipped with below conveying device thin
Shell discharging device.
3. needle according to claim 2 pricks formula camellia fruit hull and seed separator, it is characterised in that: the conveying device is roller
Conveyer, the cylinder gap of roller conveyor are 1~20mm;Or the conveying device is belt conveyor, is set on conveyer belt
There is the strip-shaped hole along the long 20~40mm of conveying direction, wide 3~9mm;Or the conveying device is chain scraper conveyor, is set on carrier bar
Having diameter is the hole of 1~20mm.
4. needle according to claim 2 pricks formula camellia fruit hull and seed separator, it is characterised in that: the thin shell discharging device
Including thin shell discharge bucket and thin pericarp shell collecting box, thin shell discharge bucket is funnel-shaped, and discharging gate is located at thin pericarp shell receipts
The surface of header.
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