CN106747386A - 一种高强度陶瓷材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种高强度陶瓷材料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052882 wollastonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010456 wollastonite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 5
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 241001122767 Theaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002887 superconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种高强度陶瓷材料，由以下原料按照重量份组成：氧化镁5‑12份、氮化硼3‑7份、硅灰石15‑28份、石英8‑20份、莫来石4‑9份、河底泥6‑15份、氧化铝2‑5份、碳粉0.3‑1.5份、碳化钨8‑14份、纳米氧化钛1.5‑6份、氧化锌晶须3‑10份、玻璃纤维2‑7份、钢渣20‑36份和工业润滑剂5‑13份。本发明还公布了该陶瓷材料的制备方法。本发明原料来源广泛并且制备工艺简单，设备投资成本低，制作周期短，适用于大规模的工业化生产；本发明的各组分起协同作用，制作的陶瓷材料的机械强度、硬度和断裂韧性优越，可以满足使用者的需求，具有广阔的市场前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种陶瓷材料，具体是一种高强度陶瓷材料。
背景技术
陶瓷材料是用天然或合成化合物经过成形和高温烧结制成的一类无机非金属材料。它具有高熔点、高硬度、高耐磨性、耐氧化等优点，可用作结构材料、刀具材料，由于陶瓷还具有某些特殊的性能，又可作为功能材料陶瓷因其卫生环保又美观而深受广大消费者的喜爱，日常生活中，无论是日用的餐具茶具、厨房卫浴用品，还是陈设装饰品，人们都喜欢使用陶瓷制品。随着科技的发展和人们使用需求的提高，高强度陶瓷材料开始出现。高强度陶瓷材料是当今科学技术发展的重要组成部分，在微电子技术、超导技术、生物技术、激光技术、空间技术、传感技术的发展中占有十分重要的地位。国防工业和军用技术、武器技术也大量采用了高强度陶瓷材料。但是现有高强度陶瓷材料的硬度和机械强度还达不到人们的使用需求，这就为人们的使用带来了不便。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种高强度陶瓷材料，以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：
一种高强度陶瓷材料，由以下原料按照重量份组成：氧化镁5-12份、氮化硼3-7份、硅灰石15-28份、石英8-20份、莫来石4-9份、河底泥6-15份、氧化铝2-5份、碳粉0.3-1.5份、碳化钨8-14份、纳米氧化钛1.5-6份、氧化锌晶须3-10份、玻璃纤维2-7份、钢渣20-36份和工业润滑剂5-13份。
作为本发明进一步的方案：工业润滑剂采用润滑油和润滑脂的一种或者两种的混合物。
作为本发明进一步的方案：氧化锌晶须的长度为0.2-4mm，氧化镁和氧化铝的粒度均为30-80目。
所述高强度陶瓷材料的制备方法，具体步骤如下：
步骤一，将河底泥在烘箱中烘干至水分低于3％，备用；
步骤二，将氮化硼、硅灰石、石英、莫来石、氧化锌晶须、玻璃纤维和钢渣放入球磨机中进行球磨，球磨机中球料比为50-60：1，在球磨中球磨时间为2-4小时，再向其中加入氧化镁、烘干河底泥、氧化铝、碳粉、碳化钨、纳米氧化钛和工业润滑剂，继续球磨1-3小时，得到最终混合物；
步骤三，将最终混合物放入温度为1350-1460摄氏度，压力为3-6GPa的窑炉中烧制4-7小时，然后降温至1100-1250摄氏度并且保温2-5小时，再次降温至1080-1140摄氏度，保温0.5-2小时，最后自然冷却至室温，即可得到成品。
作为本发明进一步的方案：步骤一中烘箱的温度为33-42摄氏度。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：本发明原料来源广泛并且制备工艺简单，设备投资成本低，制作周期短，适用于大规模的工业化生产；本发明的各组分起协同作用，制作的陶瓷材料的机械强度、硬度和断裂韧性优越，可以满足使用者的需求，具有广阔的市场前景。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本专利的技术方案作进一步详细地说明。
实施例1
一种高强度陶瓷材料，由以下原料按照重量份组成：氧化镁5份、氮化硼3份、硅灰石15份、石英8份、莫来石4份、河底泥6份、氧化铝2份、碳粉0.3份、碳化钨8份、纳米氧化钛1.5份、氧化锌晶须3份、玻璃纤维2份、钢渣20份和工业润滑剂5份。工业润滑剂采用润滑油。
所述高强度陶瓷材料的制备方法，具体步骤如下：
步骤一，将河底泥在烘箱中烘干至水分为2.2％，备用；
步骤二，将氮化硼、硅灰石、石英、莫来石、氧化锌晶须、玻璃纤维和钢渣放入球磨机中进行球磨，球磨机中球料比为54：1，在球磨中球磨时间为2小时，再向其中加入氧化镁、烘干河底泥、氧化铝、碳粉、碳化钨、纳米氧化钛和工业润滑剂，继续球磨1.5小时，得到最终混合物；
步骤三，将最终混合物放入温度为1380摄氏度，压力为3GPa的窑炉中烧制4小时，然后降温至1160摄氏度并且保温3小时，再次降温至1120摄氏度，保温0.5小时，最后自然冷却至室温，即可得到成品。
实施例2
一种高强度陶瓷材料，由以下原料按照重量份组成：氧化镁7份、氮化硼5份、硅灰石19份、石英11份、莫来石6份、河底泥8份、氧化铝3份、碳粉0.7份、碳化钨10份、纳米氧化钛2.5份、氧化锌晶须6份、玻璃纤维4份、钢渣28份和工业润滑剂9份。氧化锌晶须的长度为0.9mm，氧化镁和氧化铝的粒度均为60目。
所述高强度陶瓷材料的制备方法，具体步骤如下：
步骤一，将河底泥在36摄氏度的烘箱中烘干至水分为1.5％，备用；
步骤二，将氮化硼、硅灰石、石英、莫来石、氧化锌晶须、玻璃纤维和钢渣放入球磨机中进行球磨，球磨机中球料比为58：1，在球磨中球磨时间为4小时，再向其中加入氧化镁、烘干河底泥、氧化铝、碳粉、碳化钨、纳米氧化钛和工业润滑剂，继续球磨1小时，得到最终混合物；
步骤三，将最终混合物放入温度为1410摄氏度，压力为5GPa的窑炉中烧制6小时，然后降温至1220摄氏度并且保温3小时，再次降温至10800摄氏度，保温1.5小时，最后自然冷却至室温，即可得到成品。
实施例3
一种高强度陶瓷材料，由以下原料按照重量份组成：氧化镁10份、氮化硼6份、硅灰石24份、石英16份、莫来石8份、河底泥13份、氧化铝4份、碳粉1.1份、碳化钨12份、纳米氧化钛4份、氧化锌晶须8份、玻璃纤维6份、钢渣32份和工业润滑剂11份。工业润滑剂采用润滑脂。氧化锌晶须的长度为2.5mm，氧化镁和氧化铝的粒度均为70目。
所述高强度陶瓷材料的制备方法，具体步骤如下：
步骤一，将河底泥在烘箱中烘干至水分为1.8％，备用；
步骤二，将氮化硼、硅灰石、石英、莫来石、氧化锌晶须、玻璃纤维和钢渣放入球磨机中进行球磨，球磨机中球料比为57：1，在球磨中球磨时间为4小时，再向其中加入氧化镁、烘干河底泥、氧化铝、碳粉、碳化钨、纳米氧化钛和工业润滑剂，继续球磨3小时，得到最终混合物；
步骤三，将最终混合物放入温度为1430摄氏度，压力为6GPa的窑炉中烧制7小时，然后降温至1230摄氏度并且保温4小时，再次降温至1130摄氏度，保温1小时，最后自然冷却至室温，即可得到成品。
实施例4
一种高强度陶瓷材料，由以下原料按照重量份组成：氧化镁11份、氮化硼7份、硅灰石26份、石英18份、莫来石9份、河底泥14份、氧化铝5份、碳粉1.4份、碳化钨13份、纳米氧化钛6份、氧化锌晶须9份、玻璃纤维7份、钢渣35份和工业润滑剂13份。工业润滑剂采用润滑油和润滑脂的混合物。氧化锌晶须的长度为3.2mm，氧化镁和氧化铝的粒度均为50目。
所述高强度陶瓷材料的制备方法，具体步骤如下：
步骤一，将河底泥在温度为40摄氏度的烘箱中烘干至水分为1.2％，备用；
步骤二，将氮化硼、硅灰石、石英、莫来石、氧化锌晶须、玻璃纤维和钢渣放入球磨机中进行球磨，球磨机中球料比为55：1，在球磨中球磨时间为3小时，再向其中加入氧化镁、烘干河底泥、氧化铝、碳粉、碳化钨、纳米氧化钛和工业润滑剂，继续球磨2小时，得到最终混合物；
步骤三，将最终混合物放入温度为1380摄氏度，压力为4GPa的窑炉中烧制5小时，然后降温至1150摄氏度并且保温3小时，再次降温至1130摄氏度，保温1小时，最后自然冷却至室温，即可得到成品。
将实施例1-4的产品和现有产品的强度和韧性进行性能测定，测得结果见表1。
表1
从表1中可以看出实施例1-4的产品在机械强度、硬度和断裂韧性上均高于现有产品。
本发明中采用氮化硼、硅灰石、石英、莫来石和钢渣为基底，再向其中填充玻璃纤维、氧化锌晶须、碳粉、碳化钨、纳米氧化钛和工业润滑剂，然后在不同的温度下进行烧制，得到产品的机械强度、硬度和断裂韧性优越。
对于本领域技术人员而言，显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节，而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下，能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此，无论从哪一点来看，均应将实施例看作是示范性的，而且是非限制性的，本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定，因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。
此外，应当理解，虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述，但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案，说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见，本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体，各实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合，形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。
Claims (5)
1.一种高强度陶瓷材料，其特征在于，由以下原料按照重量份组成：氧化镁5-12份、氮化硼3-7份、硅灰石15-28份、石英8-20份、莫来石4-9份、河底泥6-15份、氧化铝2-5份、碳粉0.3-1.5份、碳化钨8-14份、纳米氧化钛1.5-6份、氧化锌晶须3-10份、玻璃纤维2-7份、钢渣20-36份和工业润滑剂5-13份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的高强度陶瓷材料，其特征在于，所述工业润滑剂采用润滑油和润滑脂的一种或者两种的混合物。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的高强度陶瓷材料，其特征在于，所述氧化锌晶须的长度为0.2-4mm，氧化镁和氧化铝的粒度均为30-80目。
4.一种如权利要求1-3任一所述的高强度陶瓷材料的制备方法，其特征在于，具体步骤如下：
步骤一，将河底泥在烘箱中烘干至水分低于3％，备用；
步骤二，将氮化硼、硅灰石、石英、莫来石、氧化锌晶须、玻璃纤维和钢渣放入球磨机中进行球磨，球磨机中球料比为50-60：1，在球磨中球磨时间为2-4小时，再向其中加入氧化镁、烘干河底泥、氧化铝、碳粉、碳化钨、纳米氧化钛和工业润滑剂，继续球磨1-3小时，得到最终混合物；
步骤三，将最终混合物放入温度为1350-1460摄氏度，压力为3-6GPa的窑炉中烧制4-7小时，然后降温至1100-1250摄氏度并且保温2-5小时，再次降温至1080-1140摄氏度，保温0.5-2小时，最后自然冷却至室温，即可得到成品。
5.根据权利要求4所述的高强度陶瓷材料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤一中烘箱的温度为33-42摄氏度。
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