CN106735302B - 一种铂纳米线的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种铂纳米线的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106735302B
CN106735302B CN201611260455.2A CN201611260455A CN106735302B CN 106735302 B CN106735302 B CN 106735302B CN 201611260455 A CN201611260455 A CN 201611260455A CN 106735302 B CN106735302 B CN 106735302B
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nanowires
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CN106735302A (zh
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张龙
李增辉
潘龙
白嘉瑜
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Yancheng Liyan New Material Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种铂纳米线的制备方法,首先通过制备铂前驱体溶液,并加入表面活性剂,在电场作用下使铂离子在玻璃基板模板上富集,并加入还原剂还原,得到纳米粒子,随后重新加入前驱体溶液,施加垂直方向的电场并加入还原剂,使铂离子定向运动并生长,作用下加入还原剂,得到高长径比且取向规则的铂纳米线。

Description

一种铂纳米线的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种铂纳米线的制备方法。
背景技术
铂属于贵铂属,由于表现出良好的选择催化活性和导电性,铂的纳米材料目前在催化转换器,燃料电池,石油裂化等很多工业技术领域中具有很好的应用前景。而近研究发现,铂纳米材料的某些良好的物理特性,与纳米材料的形状和尺寸具有密切的关系,有效控制铂纳米材料的形貌和尺寸有望显著改善铂纳米材料的物理化学特性,铂纳米材料的一维结构和零维结构相比,表现出较高的长径比、较少的晶格缺陷、更小的晶格间距以及很高的表面原子数等优点。此外由于结构上的各向异性,一维铂纳米线将会显著提高电子传输效率。由于铂属于贵铂属,价格昂贵,如何在同样的用量前提下保证最大程度发挥其特性是目前研究的热点,但目前所进行的研究当中,均在一定程度上存在着制备方法工艺复杂,合成的铂纳米线长径比不高的问题,妨碍了铂纳米线的应用。
发明内容
为解决上述技术问题,本发明提供了一种铂纳米线的制备方法,采用玻璃基板作为模板,电场驱动富集的方法,获得了大尺寸铂纳米线。
本发明完整的技术方案包括:
一种铂纳米线的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)将Na2PtCl4加入去离子水,制备0.05mol/L的Na2PtCl水溶液,加于反应容器内,反应容器一侧设有玻璃基板,随后加入表面活性剂,表面活性剂组成为月桂基二甲基苄基氯化铵:十五烷基三甲基溴化铵=1:1的混合物,以上为体积比,搅拌5min后静置3h,随后对反应容器两端施加200N/C的电场,在室温下使铂离子在电场作用下定向运动并富集到玻璃基板表面,在超声振动搅拌和电场耦合作用下加入6mmol/L的氢化铝锂水溶液,其中Na2PtCl、表面活性剂和氢化铝锂的摩尔比为1:4.5:60,静置3h制得富集在玻璃基板表面的铂纳米粒子。
(2)将浓度为0.2mol/L的Na2PtCl水溶液再次加入步骤(1)所得溶液,随后加入0.02mol/L的水合肼溶液,加热温度到45-50℃,再次对反应容器两端施加400N/C电场,此次施加电场的方向与步骤(1)施加电场的方向垂直,使铂离子在电场作用下定向运动并沿着与步骤(1)施加电场垂直的方向运动并还原剂作用下析出生长,得到尺寸为800-900纳米的铂纳米线。步骤(1)所得到铂纳米粒子、步骤(2)所加Na2PtCl以及水合肼的摩尔比为1:50:30。步骤(1)所用表面活性剂浓度为0.03mol/L。
本发明相对于现有技术的优点在于:通过采用玻璃基板作为模板,在电场作用下形成铂纳米粒子的富集,还原得到预制颗粒,随后采用垂直电场作用使离子重新富集并进行还原,使纳米线沿电场方向运动并生长,得到高长径比且取向规则的铂纳米线。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明做进一步说明。
(1)将Na2PtCl4加入去离子水,制备0.05mol/L Na2PtCl4水溶液,加于反应容器内,反应容器一侧设有玻璃基板,随后加入体积比为月桂基二甲基苄基氯化铵:十五烷基三甲基溴化铵=1:1的混合物作为表面活性剂,搅拌5min后静置3h,随后对反应容器两端施加200N/C的电场,在室温下使铂离子在电场作用下定向运动并富集到玻璃基板表面,在超声振动搅拌和电场耦合作用下加入6mmol/L的氢化铝锂水溶液,其中Na2PtCl4、表面活性剂和氢化铝锂的摩尔比为1:4.5:60,静置3h制得富集在玻璃基板表面的铂纳米粒子。
(2)将浓度为0.2mol/L的Na2PtCl4水溶液再次加入步骤(1)所得溶液,随后加入0.02mol/L的水合肼溶液,加热温度到45-50℃,再次对反应容器两端施加400N/C电场,此次施加电场的方向与步骤(1)施加电场的方向垂直,使铂离子在电场作用下定向运动并沿着与步骤(1)施加电场垂直的方向运动并还原剂作用下析出生长,得到尺寸为800-900纳米的铂纳米线,其中,步骤(1)所得到铂纳米粒子、步骤(2)所加Na2PtCl4以及水合肼的摩尔比为1:50:30。
以上所述,仅是本发明的较佳实施例,并非对本发明作任何限制,凡是根据本发明技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、变更以及等效结构变化,均仍属于本发明技术方案的保护范围内。

Claims (3)

1.一种铂纳米线的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)将Na2PtCl4加入去离子水,制备0.05mol/L的Na2PtCl4水溶液,加于反应容器内,反应容器一侧设有玻璃基板,随后加入表面活性剂,表面活性剂组成为月桂基二甲基苄基氯化铵:十五烷基三甲基溴化铵=1:1的混合物,以上为体积比,搅拌5min后静置3h,随后对反应容器两端施加200N/C的电场,在室温下使铂离子在电场作用下定向运动并富集到玻璃基板表面,在超声振动搅拌和电场耦合作用下加入6mmol/L的氢化铝锂水溶液,其中Na2PtCl、表面活性剂和氢化铝锂的摩尔比为1:4.5:60,静置3h制得富集在玻璃基板表面的铂纳米粒子;
(2)将浓度为0.2mol/L的Na2PtCl水溶液再次加入步骤(1)所得溶液,随后加入0.02mol/L的水合肼溶液,加热温度到45-50℃,再次对反应容器两端施加400N/C电场,此次施加电场的方向与步骤(1)施加电场的方向垂直,使铂离子在电场作用下沿着与步骤(1)施加电场垂直的方向定向运动,并在还原剂作用下析出生长,得到尺寸为800-900纳米的铂纳米线。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,其中,步骤(1)所得到铂纳米粒子、步骤(2)所加Na2PtCl以及水合肼的摩尔比为1:50:30。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)所用表面活性剂浓度为0.03mol/L。
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CN102658371A (zh) * 2012-03-02 2012-09-12 燕山大学 一种超细铂纳米线的制备方法
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CN102658371A (zh) * 2012-03-02 2012-09-12 燕山大学 一种超细铂纳米线的制备方法
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