CN106732711A - 一种氮化碳和铁酸镧复合光催化材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种氮化碳和铁酸镧复合光催化材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106732711A
CN106732711A CN201611040118.2A CN201611040118A CN106732711A CN 106732711 A CN106732711 A CN 106732711A CN 201611040118 A CN201611040118 A CN 201611040118A CN 106732711 A CN106732711 A CN 106732711A
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冯建
徐科
徐红
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Abstract

本发明提供一种氮化碳和铁酸镧复合光催化材料及其制备方法,该复合材料中,氮化碳与铁酸镧的质量比为100:1~100:80。制备步骤为:先制备g‑C3N4,而后,称取g‑C3N4粉末,加硝酸铁和硝酸镧,研磨使之充分混合均匀,g‑C3N4粉末、硝酸铁、硝酸镧的质量比为400:6.8:7.2~400:544:576;置于马弗炉中升温至350~550℃煅烧处理1~3h,得到氮化碳和铁酸镧复合光催化材料。以解决现有光催化剂制备方法复杂,对设备要求高,且稳定性及催化活性较为一般的问题。本发明属于半导体光催化制备领域。

Description

一种氮化碳和铁酸镧复合光催化材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于半导体光催化制备领域,具体涉及一种氮化碳/铁酸镧复合光催化材料的制备方法。
背景技术
氮化碳是一种新型可见光响应的非金属光催化剂。主要由碳和氮组成,是一种有机聚合物。理论计算表明,石墨相氮化碳(g-C3N4)在室温下最为稳定,具有半导体特性。g-C3N4是由三-s-三嗪通过叔胺氮相连形成的二维片状结构。与传统的金属催化剂相比,石墨型氮化碳具有稳定性高、耐酸碱和便于改性等优点,在催化领域有广阔的应用前景。已发现g-C3N4可以催化Friedel-Crafts反应、CO2的活化反应、烯烃和腈的环化反应等一些重要的有机反应。尽管对g-C3N4光催化剂的研究已取得较大进展,但还有很多问题亟待解决。如比表面积小、对可见光响应范围窄、光生电子-空穴对快速复合、光量子效率低等缺陷,所以其光催化效率很低。单纯的g-C3N4常与金属氧化物、金属磷化物等半导体复合形成异质结,能有效促进光生电子和空穴的分离,抑制电子-空穴的复合,提高光催化效率。
铁酸镧(LaFeO3)具有稳定的晶体结构、独特的电磁、催化和气敏性等特点,在电学、磁学和传感器等领域都有着广泛的应用前景。铁酸镧属p型稀土复合半导体金属氧化物,具有钙钛矿结构,其带隙较窄,具备可见光响应等优点,因此在光催化领域具有传统TiO2无法比拟的优势,展现出良好的可见光催化性能。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于:提供一种氮化碳和铁酸镧复合光催化材料及其制备方法,得到的复合光催化剂稳定性好、光催化活性高,制备方法简单易行,设备要求低,以解决现有光催化剂制备方法复杂,对设备要求高,且稳定性及催化活性较为一般的问题。
为解决上述问题,提供一种氮化碳和铁酸镧复合光催化材料,该复合材料中,氮化碳与铁酸镧的质量比为100:1~100:80。
优选地,氮化碳与铁酸镧的质量比为100:2~100:40;
其制备步骤如下:
步骤一,制备g-C3N4,称取三聚氰胺并放于半封闭的坩埚中,置于马弗炉中程序升温至550℃煅烧2小时,冷却至室温,研钵研磨成粉末;
步骤二,称取g-C3N4粉末,加硝酸铁和硝酸镧,研磨使之充分混合均匀,g-C3N4粉末、硝酸铁、硝酸镧的质量比为400:6.8:7.2~400:544:576;
步骤三,g-C3N4粉末、硝酸铁和硝酸镧于马弗炉中升温至350~550℃煅烧处理1~3h,得到氮化碳和铁酸镧复合光催化材料。
优选地,所制得复合光催化材料中,氮化碳与铁酸镧的质量比为100:2~100:40;
优选地,步骤二中,加入的硝酸铁和硝酸镧的摩尔比为1:1;
优选地,步骤二中的研磨时间为30min。
与现有技术相比,本发明将g-C3N4与铁酸镧复合形成异质结构,所得光催化剂稳定性好、光催化活性高,制备方法简单易行,设备要求低,具有很好的应用前景。
附图说明
图1是所制备质量比为5%的氮化碳/铁酸镧复合光催化材料,在300W氙灯照射下光降解亚甲基蓝光谱图。;
图2是所制备不同质量比的氮化碳/铁酸镧复合光催化材料,在3W LED灯照射下光降解亚甲基蓝光谱图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将对本发明作进一步地详细描述,
实施例1:
本实施例提供一种氮化碳和铁酸镧复合光催化材料,该复合材料中,氮化碳与铁酸镧的质量比为20:1。
同时提供一种氮化碳和铁酸镧复合光催化材料的制备方法:
1.石墨相氮化碳(g-C3N4)制备,称取10.00g三聚氰胺于半封闭的坩埚中,马弗炉中以5℃min-1的速度程序升温至550℃,于550℃煅烧2小时,冷却至室温,研钵研磨成粉末。
2.称取g-C3N4粉末4.00g、硝酸铁0.34g和硝酸镧0.36g,马弗炉中以5℃min-1的速度程序升温至450℃,于450℃煅烧3小时,冷却至室温,研钵研磨成粉末。得到氮化碳/铁酸镧复合光催化材料。
实施例2:
本实施例提供一种氮化碳和铁酸镧复合光催化材料,该复合材料中,氮化碳与铁酸镧的质量比为10:1。
同时提供一种氮化碳和铁酸镧复合光催化材料的制备方法:
1.石墨相氮化碳(g-C3N4)制备,称取10.00g三聚氰胺于半封闭的坩埚中,马弗炉中以5℃min-1的速度程序升温至550℃,于550℃煅烧2小时,冷却至室温,研钵研磨成粉末。
2.称取g-C3N4粉末4.00g、硝酸铁0.68g和硝酸镧0.72g,马弗炉中以5℃min-1的速度程序升温至500℃,于500℃煅烧2小时,冷却至室温,研钵研磨成粉末。得到氮化碳/铁酸镧复合光催化材料。
实施例3:
本实施例提供一种氮化碳和铁酸镧复合光催化材料,该复合材料中,氮化碳与铁酸镧的质量比为5:2。
同时提供一种氮化碳和铁酸镧复合光催化材料的制备方法:
1.石墨相氮化碳(g-C3N4)制备,称取10.00g三聚氰胺于半封闭的坩埚中,马弗炉中以5℃min-1的速度程序升温至550℃,于550℃煅烧2小时,冷却至室温,研钵研磨成粉末。
2.称取g-C3N4粉末4.00g、硝酸铁2.72g和硝酸镧2.88g,马弗炉中以5℃min-1的速度程序升温至550℃,于550℃煅烧1小时,冷却至室温,研钵研磨成粉末。得到氮化碳/铁酸镧复合光催化材料。
实施例4:
本实施例提供一种氮化碳和铁酸镧复合光催化材料,氮化碳与铁酸镧的质量比为5:3。
同时提供一种氮化碳和铁酸镧复合光催化材料的制备方法:
1.石墨相氮化碳(g-C3N4)制备,称取10.00g三聚氰胺于半封闭的坩埚中,马弗炉中以5℃min-1的速度程序升温至550℃,于550℃煅烧2小时,冷却至室温,研钵研磨成粉末。
2.称取g-C3N4粉末4.00g、硝酸铁4.08g和硝酸镧4.32g,马弗炉中以5℃min-1的速度程序升温至550℃,于550℃煅烧2小时,冷却至室温,研钵研磨成粉末。得到氮化碳/铁酸镧复合光催化材料。
光催化降解活性评估:
以300W氙灯为光源,对含有光催化剂和亚甲基蓝的样品溶液进行照射,一定时间后取出一定体积的溶液,离心分离除去光催化剂,通过紫外可见分光光度计测量溶液吸光度。
具体为:将50mg复合光催化剂分散于100mL浓度为50mg L-1的亚甲基蓝溶液中,以300W氙灯为光源,对溶液照射,每隔5min,取出5mL溶液,以5000rpm离心10min分离除去光催化剂,在波长665nm处测量溶液吸光度。
图1是所制备质量比为5%的氮化碳/铁酸镧复合光催化材料,在300W氙灯照射下光降解亚甲基蓝光谱图。从图中可见以300W氙灯为光源对含有光催化剂和亚甲基蓝的样品溶液照射5min后,亚甲基蓝的降解率达到85%。
图2所制备不同质量比的氮化碳/铁酸镧复合光催化材料,在3W LED灯照射下光降解亚甲基蓝光谱图。从图中可见以3W LED灯为光源对含有光催化剂和亚甲基蓝的样品溶液进行光照,质量比为20%的氮化碳/铁酸镧复合光催化剂,光降解效率最高。

Claims (6)

1.一种氮化碳和铁酸镧复合光催化材料,其特征在于:该复合材料中,氮化碳与铁酸镧的质量比为100:1~100:80。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种氮化碳和铁酸镧复合光催化材料,其特征在于:氮化碳与铁酸镧的质量比为100:2~100:40。
3.一种氮化碳和铁酸镧复合光催化材料的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤如下:
步骤一,制备g-C3N4,称取三聚氰胺并放于半封闭的坩埚中,置于马弗炉中程序升温至550℃煅烧2小时,冷却至室温,研钵研磨成粉末;
步骤二,称取g-C3N4粉末,加硝酸铁和硝酸镧,研磨使之充分混合均匀,g-C3N4粉末、硝酸铁、硝酸镧的质量比为400:6.8:7.2~400:544:576;
步骤三,g-C3N4粉末、硝酸铁和硝酸镧于马弗炉中升温至350~550℃煅烧处理1~3h,得到氮化碳和铁酸镧复合光催化材料。
4.根据权利要求3所述一种氮化碳和铁酸镧复合光催化材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所制得复合光催化材料中,氮化碳与铁酸镧的质量比为100:2~100:40。
5.根据权利要求3所述一种氮化碳和铁酸镧复合光催化材料的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤二中,加入的硝酸铁和硝酸镧的摩尔比为1:1。
6.根据权利要求3所述一种氮化碳和铁酸镧复合光催化材料的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤二中的研磨时间为30min。
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CN108607588A (zh) * 2018-03-26 2018-10-02 南昌航空大学 一种镧掺杂类石墨相氮化碳光催化材料的制备方法
CN110270365A (zh) * 2019-07-23 2019-09-24 福州大学 一种氮化碳/氯氧化镧复合材料的制备与应用
CN110327855A (zh) * 2019-05-10 2019-10-15 江苏大学 一种异质结型核壳LaFeO3@g-C3N4纳米复合材料及其制备方法和应用
CN114100657A (zh) * 2021-11-23 2022-03-01 长春大学 一种α-Fe2O3/LaFeO3/g-C3N4/MXene材料及其制备方法和应用

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CN108607588A (zh) * 2018-03-26 2018-10-02 南昌航空大学 一种镧掺杂类石墨相氮化碳光催化材料的制备方法
CN110327855A (zh) * 2019-05-10 2019-10-15 江苏大学 一种异质结型核壳LaFeO3@g-C3N4纳米复合材料及其制备方法和应用
CN110327855B (zh) * 2019-05-10 2021-07-20 江苏大学 一种异质结型核壳LaFeO3@g-C3N4纳米复合材料及其制备方法和应用
CN110270365A (zh) * 2019-07-23 2019-09-24 福州大学 一种氮化碳/氯氧化镧复合材料的制备与应用
CN110270365B (zh) * 2019-07-23 2021-04-27 福州大学 一种氮化碳/氯氧化镧复合材料的制备与应用
CN114100657A (zh) * 2021-11-23 2022-03-01 长春大学 一种α-Fe2O3/LaFeO3/g-C3N4/MXene材料及其制备方法和应用

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