CN106718364B - Roof rainwater retention multi-arch structure and green roof intelligent irrigation system and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a roof rainwater retention multi-arch structure and green roof intelligent irrigation system, relates to the technical field of roof rainwater source emission reduction and control utilization, and is a method suitable for roof rainwater collection retention, runoff regulation and control and green building roof design. This roofing rainwater is detained even arch structure and green roof intelligent irrigation system includes that the rainwater collects delay system, green roof irrigation system and intelligence control system. The rainwater collecting and retaining system is used for collecting and storing atmospheric precipitation which is divided by the arch-shaped rainwater collecting plate; the intelligent control system is used for receiving signals of various sensors to realize the cooperative work of the systems; the green roof irrigation system is used for completing water supply irrigation operation according to soil humidity and plant water demand. The invention can increase the rigid constraint of urban runoff rainwater source emission reduction, effectively relieve urban waterlogging, reduce urban runoff pollution load, protect and improve urban ecological environment, and meet the construction requirement of 'sponge city' in China.

Description

Roof rainwater retention multi-arch structure and green roof intelligent irrigation system and method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of roof rainwater source emission reduction and control utilization, in particular to an intelligent irrigation system and method for a roof rainwater retention multi-arch structure and a green roof.

Background

With the rapid development of urbanization, most areas such as greenbelts, wetlands, ditches and the like which originally have the function of conserving water sources evolve into hardened ground, so that cities can only depend on municipal pipe networks for water drainage when facing heavy rainfall. In recent years, every rainy season, cities in various regions alternately play the scene of 'seeing the sea in cities', so that serious flood disasters, casualties and property loss are caused, the cities fall into the embarrassment of dry and water shortage after rainstorm, and the heat island effect is obvious. The contradiction between urban inland inundation and water resource shortage refracts the incoordination between urbanization and nature. The urban building roof greening improvement is timely created based on the low-influence development mode which maintains the minimum influence of hydrological characteristics before and after the site development and becomes an important planning idea and method for novel urbanization and ecological civilized construction. The plant cultivation sunlight house built on the roof platform of the urban building at present can not only expand the greening space, improve the ecological environment and beautify the urban landscape, but also play a role in heat insulation and reduce the building energy consumption. Through roof rainwater detention and rainwater collection and utilization, the requirement of green roof plant irrigation water demand can be met, emission reduction and control of rainwater sources can be realized, urban rainfall flood disasters are reduced, and the utilization rate of rainwater resources is improved.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention provides a roof rainwater retention multi-arch structure, a green roof intelligent irrigation system and a method thereof, aiming at overcoming the defects that rainwater emission reduction measures in the urban development and construction process cannot fully exert 'stagnation, storage, purification, use' and the like of roof rainwater sources, reducing the pollution load of roof runoff, controlling the peak value of urban rainwater runoff, increasing the urban greening area and protecting and improving the urban ecological environment.

The technical scheme is as follows: the invention discloses a roof rainwater retention multi-arch structure and a green roof intelligent irrigation system for solving the technical problems.

The rainwater collecting and retaining system comprises a plurality of arched rainwater collecting plates, a water collecting tank, an arched cover, a water storage tank, a communicating pipe A, a communicating pipe B, a water level sensor A, a water level sensor B, a water conduit, an electric valve and an overflow pipe. The left side and the right side of the arched rain collecting plate are provided with two shunting ports close to the arch feet, the shunting ports are provided with an upper edge, a lower edge, an upper guide wall and a lower guide wall, the upper edge and the lower edge are respectively positioned at the upper side and the lower side of the shunting ports, the upper guide wall is connected with the lower guide wall, the upper guide wall is connected with the upper edge, the lower guide wall is connected with the lower edge, and the arch feet of the arched rain collecting plate are smoothly connected with the top end of the side wall of the water collecting tank. The arched cover is positioned over the water collecting tank, the water storage tank is positioned under the flow dividing port, all the water collecting tanks are communicated through a communicating pipe A, the communicating pipe A is positioned at the bottom of the water collecting tank, all the water storage tanks are communicated through a communicating pipe B, and the communicating pipe B is positioned at the bottom of the water storage tank. The water level sensor A is arranged in a certain water collecting tank, the water level sensor B is arranged in a certain water storage tank, and the upper end of the water conduit is connected with the middle-lower part of the side surface of the water collecting tank. The lower end of the water conduit is connected with an indoor water conduit, and the electric valve is arranged on the water conduit. The upper end of the overflow pipe is connected with the top of one water collecting tank, and the lower end of the overflow pipe is connected with a rainwater pipe of a building;

the green roof irrigation system comprises a solar cell panel, a floating ball liquid level switch, a submersible pump A, a water storage tank, a water supply pipe, a support, a drip irrigation pipe, a soil humidity sensor and a submersible pump B. The solar cell panel provides electric energy required by the green roof irrigation system and the intelligent control system. The floating ball liquid level switch is fixed on the inner side wall of the water storage tank. The submersible pump A is arranged at the bottom of one water storage tank, and the water outlet of the submersible pump A is connected with a water supply pipe. The upper part of the water storage tank is opposite to the flow dividing port. The delivery pipe is fixed on the support, drips irrigation pipe and delivery pipe intercommunication and evenly distributed in the top of green vegetation, and soil moisture sensor buries in the soil that green vegetation is grown, and immersible pump B installs in a certain water catch bowl bottom.

The intelligent control system comprises an RS485 intelligent signal conditioner, an A/D signal converter, a C8051F series single-chip microcomputer and a D/A signal converter. The intelligent control system is integrated in the control box, the control box is fixed on the outer side wall of the water collecting tank, the input end of the RS485 intelligent signal conditioner is connected with the water level sensor A, the water level sensor B and the soil humidity sensor through dedicated lines, the output end of the RS485 intelligent signal conditioner is connected with the A/D signal converter through dedicated lines, the A/D signal converter converts detected analog signals into digital signals which can be identified by the C8051F series single chip microcomputer, the C8051F series single chip microcomputer outputs pulse signals according to the established function model, and output results are converted into analog signals through the D/A signal converter to control the electric valve, the submersible pump A and the submersible pump B to execute corresponding switching tasks.

In the invention, the cross section of the arched rain collecting plate is a three-center arch, the arched rain collecting plate is built by taking a steel structure as a basic framework and matching with a heat insulation bridge-cut-off section bar and hollow laminated glass, the upper surface and the lower surface of the heat insulation bridge-cut-off section bar are aluminum materials, and the middle part of the heat insulation bridge-cut-off section bar is a plastic section bar heat insulation cavity; the arched rain collecting plate and the green roof irrigation system form a plant cultivation sunlight room, and the arched rain collecting plate is used for cultivating a sunlight room top structure layer for the plant.

In the invention, the flow dividing port is of a vertical narrow slit structure, the upper edge of the narrow slit inlet is higher than the lower edge, the upper edge of the narrow slit inlet is provided with a flip bucket, and the narrow slit outlet is over against the inlet at the top of the water storage tank.

In the invention, the arched covers are arranged along the direction of the water collecting tank, the arched covers are fixed by the herringbone supporting components, and the width of each arched cover is larger than the distance between adjacent flow distribution openings of adjacent arched rain collecting plates.

In the invention, right-angle reinforcing ribs are arranged between the peripheral side surfaces and the bottom surface of the water collecting tank, the top end of the long side surface of the water collecting tank is smoothly connected with arch feet of the arched rain collecting plate, the arch foot pressure borne by the water collecting tank is transmitted to the bottom of the water collecting tank, and the damage of local large pressure to a roof is reduced by increasing the contact area; all the water collecting tanks are communicated through a communicating pipe A, wherein the upper part of one water collecting tank is connected with an overflow pipe for preventing heavy rainfall.

In the invention, the floating ball liquid level switch and the submersible pump A are respectively arranged in two adjacent water storage tanks, and the submersible pump B is arranged in a certain water collecting tank; the lower end of a heavy hammer of the floating ball liquid level switch is provided with a rubber hoop, so that the heavy hammer is prevented from naturally sliding down to influence the moving amplitude of the floating ball under the conditions of expansion with heat and contraction with cold or rainwater impact.

In the invention, the soil humidity sensor adopts a sensor capable of adjusting a humidity threshold value, so that the adaptability to the water needed by different vegetation is improved.

Preferably, the arched rain collecting plate forms a top structural layer of the plant cultivation sunlight room.

Preferably, the width of the arched cover is larger than the distance between the adjacent branch openings of the adjacent arched rain collecting plates.

Preferably, the water storage tanks are positioned under the flow dividing port, and all the water storage tanks are communicated through a communicating pipe B.

Preferably, the floating ball liquid level switch and the submersible pump A are respectively installed inside two adjacent water storage tanks, and the submersible pump B is installed in a certain water collecting tank.

Preferably, the soil humidity sensor adopts a sensor capable of changing a humidity threshold value, so that the adaptability to the moisture required by different vegetation is improved.

The operation method based on the roof rainwater retention multi-arch structure and the green roof intelligent irrigation system comprises the following steps:

firstly, under an initial condition, an intelligent control system is in a dormant state, and a water level sensor A, a water level sensor B and a soil humidity sensor respectively monitor the water level of a water collecting tank, the water level of a water storage tank and the soil humidity in real time;

after the beginning of the rainfall process, when the early rainfall intensity is small, the confluence speed of rainwater along the arched rainwater collecting plate is small, the rainwater falls into the water storage tank through the diversion port, when the middle and later rainfall intensity is large, the confluence speed of the rainwater is high, the rainwater flows through the upper edge of the diversion port and falls into the lower edge under the inertia effect, the rainwater passes through the diversion port and enters the water collecting tank, and the rainwater collecting and retaining system plays a rainwater collecting and storing function;

when the water level in the water collecting tank is higher than the elevation of the mouth of the overflow pipe, part of the rainwater stored in the water collecting tank is discharged into a rainwater pipe of a building through the overflow pipe and finally collected into a municipal drainage pipe network, and all the water collecting tanks are communicated through a communication pipe A to ensure that the water level in all the water collecting tanks is synchronously changed;

fourthly, in rainy days, after rainwater stored in the water collecting tank is supplied for a plurality of times for the water using processes of washing and flushing the toilet and the like of the resident families, the water level in the water collecting tank is reduced to the lower limit of the water level requirement of the intelligent control system on the water collecting tank, the intelligent control system sends a closing instruction to the electric valve, and after the electric valve is closed, the residual stored rainwater in the water collecting tank only meets the water supply requirement of green roof irrigation;

when the soil humidity in the plant cultivation sunlight room is reduced to the lower limit of the threshold value set by the soil humidity sensor, the plant is in a water shortage state, the soil humidity sensor transmits an analog signal representing soil humidity information to the intelligent control system through a special line, the intelligent control system controls the solar cell panel to supply power to the submersible pump A, rainwater stored in the water storage tank enters the drip irrigation pipe through the water supply pipe to irrigate the green plant, when the soil humidity is increased to the upper limit of the threshold value set by the soil humidity sensor, the intelligent control system controls the solar cell panel to interrupt the power supply state to the submersible pump A, and the irrigation process executed by the intelligent green roof irrigation system is finished;

sixthly, under the condition of lack of effective rainfall for a long time, rainwater stored in the water storage tank cannot be supplemented, after multiple times of irrigation, when the water level in the water storage tank reaches the lower limit of the set threshold value of the water level sensor B, the water level sensor B transmits an analog signal representing water level information to the intelligent control system through a special line, the intelligent control system controls the solar cell panel to supply power to the submersible pump B, and residual stored rainwater in the water collecting tank enters the water storage tank through a pipeline to realize a water supplementing process; in the water replenishing process, if the water level in the water collecting tank is reduced to the lower limit of the set threshold value of the water level sensor A, the water level sensor A transmits an analog signal representing water level information to the intelligent control system through a special line, and the intelligent control system stops the solar cell panel from supplying power to the submersible pump B;

seventhly, when the irrigation process of the fifth step is executed, if the water level in the water storage tank is lower than the lowest position of a floating ball of the floating ball liquid level switch, the floating ball liquid level switch automatically cuts off power supply to the submersible pump A, and the submersible pump A is prevented from being in dangerous situations of idle burning and idle running;

in the third to sixth steps, the analog signals of the water level sensor A, the water level sensor B and the soil humidity sensor are transmitted to an intelligent control system through a special line and are received by an RS485 intelligent signal conditioner, the analog signals sent by the water level sensor A, the water level sensor B and the soil humidity sensor are converted into digital signals by an A/D signal converter and are transmitted to a C8051F series single chip microcomputer, the C8051F series single chip microcomputer outputs pulse signals according to the established function model, and the output result is converted into the analog signals through the D/A signal converter to control the electric valve, the submersible pump B and the submersible pump A to execute corresponding operations;

according to the corresponding steps, the roof rainwater collection, retention and intelligent irrigation processes can be achieved.

Has the advantages that: the operation method of the roof rainwater retention multi-arch structure and green roof intelligent irrigation system has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the plant cultivation sunlight room comprising the arched rain collecting plate is built by taking a steel structure as a basic framework, matching with a heat insulation bridge-cut-off section and hollow laminated glass, wherein the upper surface and the lower surface of the heat insulation bridge-cut-off section are made of aluminum materials, the middle part of the heat insulation bridge-cut-off section is made of a plastic section heat insulation cavity, the strength is high, the heat insulation performance is good, the atmospheric corrosion resistance is good, the service life is long, an indoor environment suitable for plant growth can be provided, and the construction requirements of the plant cultivation sunlight room are met.

(2) Compared with a single-arch structure, the roof rainwater retention multi-arch structure can disperse the stress of the arch springing for the roof with the same area, and is beneficial to protecting the roof; the arched rain collecting plates are connected through the water collecting grooves to form an integral multi-arch structure, and the arched rain collecting plates are mutually restrained, so that the safety of roof rainwater retention multi-arch structure is improved.

(3) The arched rain collecting plate is designed in a multi-arch shape, the cross section of the arched rain collecting plate is a three-center arch, and the structure ensures that the distribution of the compressive stress tends to be uniform by reducing the bending moment of the middle arc section of the arch, improves the connection condition of the arch foot and the water collecting tanks at two sides and improves the stability of the whole structure.

(4) The flow dividing port is of a vertical narrow slit structure, the upper edge of the narrow slit inlet is higher than the lower edge of the narrow slit inlet, the upper edge of the narrow slit inlet is provided with the flip bucket, the narrow slit outlet is opposite to the inlet at the top of the water storage tank, when the rainfall capacity of the initial rainfall is small, the rainwater flows into the water storage tank through the flow dividing port, the rainwater with more impurities at the initial stage is collected, and the runoff pollution is reduced; when middle and later stage rainfall is great, the rainwater is through the flip bucket towards the border down under the inertia effect, realizes separation, the reposition of redundant personnel of initial stage rainwater and middle and later stage rainwater ingeniously, is favorable to the catch bowl to collect comparatively clean middle and later stage rainwater.

(5) According to the rainwater collecting device, the arched covers are arranged along the direction of the water collecting tank and are fixed through the inverted V-shaped supporting assemblies, the width of each arched cover is larger than the distance between the adjacent flow dividing openings between the adjacent arched rainwater collecting plates, and rainwater with more impurities in the initial stage is prevented from entering the water collecting tank through the structure. Effectively cover the rainwater of gathering with the arch and lead on the last border of diffluence pass slit import, realize that whole rainwater leads to the diffluence pass through the diffluence pass and shunt, rainwater quality of water in the guarantee water catch bowl, simultaneously, the arch lid can protect the rainwater of collecting in the water catch bowl to avoid the pollution of external impurity for the quality of water that gets into the leading water pipe or get into in the external downpipe through the overflow pipe is comparatively clean.

(6) The top end of the water collecting tank is smoothly connected with the arch foot of the arched rain collecting plate, the water collecting tank can bear the pressure from the arch foot and transmit the pressure to the bottom of the water collecting tank, and the damage of local large pressure to a roof structure is reduced by increasing the contact area.

(7) The communicating pipe A arranged at the bottom of the plant cultivation sunlight room is connected with all the water collecting tanks, so that the water level of each water collecting tank is ensured to be consistent, and the structural damage of the plant cultivation sunlight room caused by uneven stress on the side wall is avoided.

(8) The soil humidity sensor in the invention adopts a sensor capable of changing the humidity threshold value, thereby increasing the adaptability to the water needed by different vegetation.

(9) The solar cell panel converts light energy into electric energy for the intelligent irrigation system to use, and the process saves energy and realizes automatic control.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the roof rainwater retention multi-arch structure and green roof intelligent irrigation system of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the roof rain retaining arching structure of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of one of the arched rain collecting plates and the lower structure thereof and the adjacent arched cover and water collecting tank in FIG. 1

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the tap of FIG. 1;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of the control box of fig. 1.

10-arched rain-collecting plate; 11-a shunt port; 111-upper edge; 112-lower edge; 113-upper guide wall; 114-lower guide wall; 12-a water collecting tank; 13-connecting tube A; 14-connecting tube B; 15-an arch cover; 161-water level sensor a; 162-water level sensor B; 17-a water conduit; 18-an electrically operated valve; 19-an overflow pipe; 20-a solar cell panel and 21-a floating ball liquid level switch; 22-submersible pump a; 23-a water storage tank; 24-green vegetation; 25-a water supply pipe; 26-a scaffold; 27-drip irrigation pipes; 28-soil moisture sensor; 29-submersible pump B; 30-a control box; 31-RS485 intelligent signal conditioner; a 32-A/D signal converter; 33-C8051F series single-chip microcomputer; 34-D/a signal converter.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the roof rainwater retention multi-arch structure and green roof intelligent irrigation system comprises a rainwater collection retention system, a green roof irrigation system and an intelligent control system.

The rainwater collecting and retaining system comprises a plurality of arched rainwater collecting plates 10, a water collecting tank 12, an arched cover 15, a water storage tank 23, a communicating pipe A13, a communicating pipe B14, a water level sensor A161, a water level sensor B162, a water conduit 17, an electric valve 18 and an overflow pipe 19. The cross section of the arched rain collecting plate 10 is a three-center arch, the arched rain collecting plate 10 is built by taking a steel structure as a basic framework and matching with a heat insulation bridge-cut-off profile and hollow laminated glass, the upper surface and the lower surface of the heat insulation bridge-cut-off profile are aluminum materials, and the middle part of the heat insulation bridge-cut-off profile is a plastic profile heat insulation cavity; two shunting ports 11 are arranged at the left side and the right side of the arched rain collecting plate 10 close to the arch feet, the shunting ports 11 are provided with an upper edge 111, a lower edge 112, an upper guide wall 113 and a lower guide wall 114, the upper edge 111 and the lower edge 112 are respectively arranged at the upper side and the lower side of the shunting ports 11, the upper guide wall 113 is connected with the lower guide wall 114, the upper guide wall 113 is connected with the upper edge 111, the lower guide wall 114 is connected with the lower edge 112, and the arch feet of the arched rain collecting plate 10 are smoothly connected with the top end of the side wall of the water collecting tank 12. The arched cover 15 is positioned directly above the water collection tank 12. The water storage tank 23 is positioned under the diversion port 11, all the water collecting tanks 12 are communicated through a communication pipe A13, the communication pipe A13 is positioned at the bottom of the water collecting tanks 12, all the water storage tanks 23 are communicated through a communication pipe B14, and the communication pipe B14 is positioned at the bottom of the water storage tank 23. The water level sensor A161 is arranged in one water collecting tank 12, the water level sensor B162 is arranged in one water storage tank 23, the upper end of the water conduit 17 is connected with the middle lower part of the side surface of the water collecting tank 12, and the lower end of the water conduit 17 is connected with an indoor water conduit. An electrically operated valve 18 is mounted on the penstock 17. The upper end of the overflow pipe 19 is connected with the top of one of the water collecting tanks 12, and the lower end of the overflow pipe 19 is connected with a rainwater pipe of a building.

The green roof irrigation system comprises a solar panel 20, a float level switch 21, a submersible pump A22, a water storage tank 23, a water supply pipe 25, a bracket 26, a drip irrigation pipe 27, a soil humidity sensor 28 and a submersible pump B29. The solar panel 20 provides the electric energy required by the green roof irrigation system and the intelligent control system. The float level switch 21 is fixed on the inner side wall of the water storage tank 23. The submersible pump A22 is installed at the bottom of one water storage tank 23, and the water outlet of the submersible pump A22 is connected with the water supply pipe 25. The upper part of the water storage tank 23 is opposite to the flow dividing port 11, and the water supply pipe 25 is fixed on the bracket 26. The drip irrigation pipes 27 are in communication with the water supply pipe 25 and are evenly distributed over the green vegetation 24. The soil moisture sensor 28 is buried in the soil where the green vegetation 24 grows, and the submersible pump B29 is installed at the bottom of one of the water collection grooves 12.

The intelligent control system comprises an RS485 intelligent signal conditioner 31, an A/D signal converter 32, a C8051F series single chip microcomputer 33 and a D/A signal converter 34. The intelligent control systems are all integrated in the control box 30, the control box 30 is fixed on the outer side wall of the water collecting tank 12, the input end of the RS485 intelligent signal conditioner 31 is connected with the water level sensor A161, the water level sensor B162 and the soil humidity sensor 28 through dedicated lines, the output end of the RS485 intelligent signal conditioner 31 is connected with the A/D signal converter 32 through dedicated lines, the A/D signal converter 32 converts detected analog signals into digital signals which can be identified by the C8051F series single chip microcomputer 33, the C8051F series single chip microcomputer 33 outputs pulse signals according to the established function model, and output results are converted into analog signals through the D/A signal converter 34 to control the electric valve 18, the submersible pump A22 and the submersible pump B29 to execute corresponding switching tasks.

In this embodiment, the diversion port 11 is a vertical narrow slit structure, the length of the narrow slit is 9/10 of the width of the arched rain collecting plate 10, the width of the narrow slit is 4cm, the upper edge 111 of the narrow slit inlet is higher than the lower edge 112 by about 3cm, the upper edge 111 of the narrow slit inlet is provided with a flip bucket with the width of 2.5cm and the flip angle of 30 degrees, and the narrow slit outlet is opposite to the inlet at the top of the water storage tank 23.

In this embodiment, the arched cover 15 is disposed along the direction of the water collecting tank 12, the arched cover 15 is fixed by the support assembly in the shape of a Chinese character 'ren', and the width of the arched cover 15 is greater than the distance between the adjacent branch outlets 11 of the adjacent arched rain collecting plates 10.

In the embodiment, right-angle reinforcing ribs are arranged between the peripheral side surfaces and the bottom surface of the water collecting tank 12, the top end of the long side surface of the water collecting tank 12 is smoothly connected with the arch springing of the arched rain collecting plate 10, the arch springing pressure borne by the water collecting tank 12 is transmitted to the bottom of the water collecting tank 12, and the damage of local large pressure to a roof is reduced by increasing the contact area; all the water collecting tanks 12 are connected to each other through a connection pipe A13, and an overflow pipe 19 for preventing heavy rainfall is connected to the upper part of one of the water collecting tanks 12.

In the embodiment, the floating ball liquid level switch 21 and the submersible pump A22 are respectively installed inside two adjacent water storage tanks 23, and the submersible pump B29 is installed in one water collecting tank 12; the lower end of the heavy hammer of the floating ball liquid level switch 21 is provided with a rubber clamp, so that the heavy hammer is prevented from naturally sliding down to influence the moving amplitude of the floating ball under the conditions of thermal expansion and cold contraction or rainwater impact.

In this embodiment, the water level sensor a161 and the submersible pump B29 are installed in the leftmost water collection tank 12, the control box 30 and the water conduit 17 are installed on the outer wall of the leftmost water collection tank 12, and the solar panel 20 is installed between the control box 30 and the water collection tank 12 in an inclined manner. An overflow pipe 19 is installed on the upper portion of the outer wall of the rightmost water collecting tank 12.

In this embodiment, soil moisture sensor 28 uses a sensor that can change the moisture threshold, increasing the adaptability to the moisture required by different vegetation.

In this embodiment, an operation method based on the roof rainwater retention multi-arch structure and the intelligent irrigation system for green roofs includes the following steps:

firstly, under the initial condition, the intelligent control system is in a dormant state, and the water level sensor A161, the water level sensor B162 and the soil humidity sensor 28 respectively monitor the water level of the water collecting tank 12, the water level of the water storage tank 23 and the soil humidity in real time;

secondly, after the beginning of rainfall, when the initial rainfall intensity is small, the confluence speed of rainwater along the arched rainwater collection plate 10 is small, the rainwater falls into the water storage tank 23 through the diversion port 11, when the rainfall intensity in the middle and later periods is large, the confluence speed of the rainwater is high, the rainwater flows through the upper edge 111 of the diversion port 11 and falls into the lower edge 112 under the inertia effect, the rainwater passes through the diversion port 11 and enters the water collection tank 12, and the rainwater collection and detention system plays a role in rainwater collection and storage;

thirdly, under the condition of large short-time rainfall intensity or long-time rainfall, the water levels in the water storage tank 23 and the water collecting tanks 12 rise rapidly, when the water level in the water collecting tank 12 reaches the upper limit of the set threshold of the water level sensor A161, the water level sensor A161 transmits analog signals representing water level information to an intelligent control system through a special line, the intelligent control system controls the electric valve 18 to be opened, part of rainwater stored in the water collecting tank 12 is supplied to the water using processes of household washing, toilet flushing and the like of residents through the water guide pipe 17, when the water level in the water collecting tank 12 is higher than the pipe orifice height of the overflow pipe 19, part of rainwater stored in the water collecting tank 12 is discharged into a rainwater pipe of a building through the overflow pipe 19 and finally collected into a municipal drainage pipe network, and the water collecting tanks 12 are communicated through a communication pipe A13 to ensure that the water levels in the water collecting tanks 12 change synchronously;

fourthly, in rainy days, after rainwater stored in the water collecting tank 12 supplies water for household washing, toilet flushing and the like for a plurality of times, the water level in the water collecting tank 12 is reduced to the lower limit of the water level requirement of the intelligent control system on the water collecting tank 12, the intelligent control system sends a closing instruction to the electric valve 18, and after the electric valve 18 is closed, the residual stored rainwater in the water collecting tank 12 only meets the water supply requirement of green roof irrigation;

when the soil humidity in the plant cultivation sunlight room is reduced to the lower limit of the set threshold value, the plant is in a water shortage state, the soil humidity sensor 28 transmits an analog signal representing soil humidity information to the intelligent control system through a special line, the intelligent control system controls the solar cell panel 20 to supply power to the submersible pump A22, rainwater stored in the water storage tank 23 enters the drip irrigation pipe 27 through the water supply pipe 25 to irrigate the green plant 24, when the soil humidity is increased to the upper limit of the threshold value set by the soil humidity sensor 28, the intelligent control system controls the solar cell panel 20 to interrupt the power supply state to the submersible pump A22, and the irrigation process executed by the intelligent green roof irrigation system is finished;

sixthly, under the condition of lack of effective rainfall for a long time, the rainwater stored in the water storage tank 23 cannot be supplemented, after multiple times of irrigation, when the water level in the water storage tank 23 reaches the lower limit of the set threshold value of the water level sensor B162, the water level sensor B162 transmits an analog signal representing water level information to the intelligent control system through a special line, the intelligent control system controls the solar panel 20 to supply power to the submersible pump B29, and the residual stored rainwater in the water collecting tank 12 enters the water storage tank 23 through a pipeline to realize a water supplementing process; in the water replenishing process, if the water level in the water collecting tank 12 is lowered to the lower limit of the set threshold value of the water level sensor A161, the water level sensor A161 transmits an analog signal representing water level information to the intelligent control system through a special line, and the intelligent control system stops the solar cell panel 20 from supplying power to the submersible pump B29;

seventhly, when the irrigation process of the fifth step is executed, if the water level in the water storage tank 23 is lower than the lowest position of a floating ball of the floating ball liquid level switch 21, the floating ball liquid level switch 21 automatically cuts off the power supply to the submersible pump A22, and the submersible pump A22 is prevented from being in a dangerous condition of idle burning and idle running;

during the third to sixth steps, the analog signals of the water level sensor A161, the water level sensor B162 and the soil humidity sensor 28 are transmitted to the intelligent control system through a special line, the analog signals are received by the RS485 intelligent signal conditioner 31, the analog signals sent by the water level sensor A161, the water level sensor B162 and the soil humidity sensor 28 are converted into digital signals by the A/D signal converter 32 and transmitted to the C8051F series single chip microcomputer 33, the C8051F series single chip microcomputer 33 outputs pulse signals according to the established function model, and the output result is converted into the analog signals by the D/A signal converter 34 to control the electric valve 18, the submersible pump B29 and the submersible pump A22 to execute corresponding operations;

according to the corresponding steps, the roof rainwater collection, retention and intelligent irrigation processes can be achieved.

The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a roofing rainwater is detained even arch structure and green roof intelligence irrigation system which characterized in that: comprises a rainwater collecting and retaining system, a green roof irrigation system and an intelligent control system,

the rainwater collecting and retaining system comprises a plurality of arched rainwater collecting plates (10), a water collecting tank (12), arched covers (15), a water storage tank (23), a communication pipe A (13), a communication pipe B (14), a water level sensor A (161), a water level sensor B (162), a water guide pipe (17), an electric valve (18) and an overflow pipe (19), wherein two branch openings (11) are arranged at the positions, close to arch feet, of the left side and the right side of the arched rainwater collecting plates (10), an upper edge (111), a lower edge (112), an upper guide wall (113) and a lower guide wall (114) are arranged on each branch opening (11), each branch opening (11) is of a vertical narrow slit structure, the upper edge (111) of each narrow slit inlet is higher than the lower edge (112), a flip flow nose ridge is arranged on the upper edge (111) of each narrow slit inlet, the narrow slit outlet is right opposite to the top inlet of the water storage tank (23), the upper edge (111) and the lower edge (112) are respectively located at the upper side and the lower side of each branch opening (11), an upper guide wall (113) is connected with a lower guide wall (114), the upper guide wall (113) is connected with an upper edge (111), the lower guide wall (114) is connected with a lower edge (112), arch feet of an arch-shaped rain collecting plate (10) are smoothly connected with the top end of the side wall of a water collecting tank (12), an arch cover (15) is positioned right above the water collecting tank (12), a water storage tank (23) is positioned right below a flow splitting port (11), all the water collecting tanks (12) are communicated through a communicating pipe A (13), the communicating pipe A (13) is positioned at the bottom of the water collecting tank (12), all the water storage tanks (23) are communicated through a communicating pipe B (14), the communicating pipe B (14) is positioned at the bottom of the water storage tank (23), a water level sensor A (161) is positioned in one water collecting tank (12), a water level sensor B (162) is positioned in one water storage tank (23), and the upper end of a water guide pipe (17) is connected with the middle lower part of the side surface of the water collecting tank (12), the lower end of the water conduit (17) is connected with an indoor water pipe, an electric valve (18) is arranged on the water conduit (17), the upper end of the overflow pipe (19) is connected with the top of one water collecting tank (12), and the lower end of the overflow pipe (19) is connected with a rainwater pipe of a building;

the green roof irrigation system comprises a solar cell panel (20), a floating ball liquid level switch (21), a submersible pump A (22), a water storage tank (23), a water supply pipe (25), a support (26), a drip irrigation pipe (27), a soil humidity sensor (28) and a submersible pump B (29), wherein the solar cell panel (20) provides electric energy required by the green roof irrigation system and the intelligent control system, the floating ball liquid level switch (21) is fixed on the inner side wall of the water storage tank (23), the submersible pump A (22) is installed at the bottom of a certain water storage tank (23), the water outlet of the submersible pump A (22) is connected with the water supply pipe (25), the upper part of the water storage tank (23) is just opposite to a tap hole (11), the water supply pipe (25) is fixed on the support (26), the drip irrigation pipe (27) is communicated with the water supply pipe (25) and is uniformly distributed above the green vegetation (24), and the soil humidity sensor (28) is buried in the soil where the green vegetation (24) grows, the submersible pump B (29) is arranged at the bottom of one water collecting tank (12);

the intelligent control system comprises an RS485 intelligent signal conditioner (31), an A/D signal converter (32), a C8051F series single chip microcomputer (33) and a D/A signal converter (34), the intelligent control system is integrated in a control box (30), the control box (30) is fixed on the outer side wall of a water collecting tank (12), the input end of the RS485 intelligent signal conditioner (31) is connected with a water level sensor A (161), a water level sensor B (162) and a soil humidity sensor (28) through special lines, the output end of the RS485 intelligent signal conditioner (31) is connected with the A/D signal converter (32) through the special lines, the A/D signal converter (32) converts detected analog signals into digital signals which can be identified by the C8051F series single chip microcomputer (33), and the C8051F series single chip microcomputer (33) outputs pulse signals according to an established function model, the output result is converted into an analog signal through a D/A signal converter (34) to control the electric valve (18), the submersible pump A (22) and the submersible pump B (29) to perform corresponding switching tasks.

2. The roof rainwater retention multi-arch structure and green roof intelligent irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cross section of the arched rain collecting plate (10) is a three-center arch, the arched rain collecting plate (10) is built by taking a steel structure as a basic framework and matching with a heat insulation bridge-cut-off profile and hollow laminated glass, the upper surface and the lower surface of the heat insulation bridge-cut-off profile are aluminum materials, and the middle part of the heat insulation bridge-cut-off profile is a plastic profile heat insulation cavity; the arched rain collecting plate (10) and the green roof irrigation system form a plant cultivation sunlight room, and the arched rain collecting plate (10) is used for cultivating a sunlight room top structure layer for plants.

3. The roof rainwater retention multi-arch structure and green roof intelligent irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the arched cover (15) is arranged along the direction of the water collecting tank (12), the arched cover (15) is fixed through the herringbone supporting component, and the width of the arched cover (15) is larger than the distance between the adjacent flow dividing ports (11) of the adjacent arched rain collecting plates (10).

4. The roof rainwater retention multi-arch structure and green roof intelligent irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: right-angle reinforcing ribs are arranged between the peripheral side surfaces and the bottom surface of the water collecting tank (12), the top end of the long side surface of the water collecting tank (12) is smoothly connected with arch feet of the arched rain collecting plate (10), the arch foot pressure borne by the water collecting tank (12) is transmitted to the bottom of the water collecting tank (12), and the damage of local large pressure to a roof is reduced by increasing the contact area; all the water collecting tanks (12) are communicated through a communicating pipe A (13), wherein the upper part of one water collecting tank (12) is connected with an overflow pipe (19) for preventing heavy rainfall.

5. The roof rainwater retention multi-arch structure and green roof intelligent irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the floating ball liquid level switch (21) and the submersible pump A (22) are respectively arranged in two adjacent water storage tanks (23), and the submersible pump B (29) is arranged in one water collecting tank (12); the lower end of a heavy hammer of the floating ball liquid level switch (21) is provided with a rubber hoop, so that the heavy hammer is prevented from naturally sliding down to influence the moving amplitude of the floating ball under the conditions of thermal expansion and cold contraction or rainwater impact.

6. The roof rainwater retention multi-arch structure and green roof intelligent irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the soil humidity sensor (28) adopts a sensor capable of adjusting a humidity threshold value, and the adaptability to the water needed by different vegetation is improved.

7. An operation method of the roof rainwater retention multi-arch structure and green roof intelligent irrigation system based on any one of claims 1 to 6 is characterized by comprising the following steps:

firstly, under the initial condition, the intelligent control system is in a dormant state, and a water level sensor A (161), a water level sensor B (162) and a soil humidity sensor (28) respectively monitor the water level of a water collecting tank (12), the water level of a water storage tank (23) and the soil humidity in real time;

after the beginning of the rainfall process, when the early rainfall intensity is small, the confluence speed of rainwater along the arched rainwater collection plate (10) is small, the rainwater falls into the water storage tank (23) through the diversion port (11), when the middle and later rainfall intensity is large, the confluence speed of the rainwater is high, after the rainwater is picked and flowed through the upper edge (111) of the diversion port (11), the rainwater falls into the lower edge (112) under the inertia effect, the rainwater passes through the diversion port (11) and enters the water collection tank (12), and the rainwater collection and retention system plays a role in collecting and storing the rainwater;

thirdly, under the condition of heavy rainfall in short time or long-term rainfall, the water level in the water storage tank (23) and the water collecting tank (12) rises rapidly, when the water level in the water collecting tank (12) reaches the upper limit of the setting threshold of the water level sensor A (161), the water level sensor A (161) transmits an analog signal representing water level information to an intelligent control system through a special line, the intelligent control system controls the electric valve (18) to open, part of rainwater stored in the water collecting tank (12) supplies water for washing and flushing families of residents through a water conduit (17), when the water level in the water collecting tank (12) is higher than the pipe orifice height of an overflow pipe (19), part of rainwater stored in the water collecting tank (12) is discharged into a rainwater pipe of a building through the overflow pipe (19) and finally enters a municipal drainage pipe network, and all the water collecting tanks (12) are communicated through a communication pipe A (13), ensuring that the water level in each water collecting tank (12) changes synchronously;

on rainy days, when rainwater stored in the water collecting tank (12) is supplied for a plurality of times to the household washing and toilet flushing water of residents, the water level in the water collecting tank (12) is reduced to the lower limit required by the intelligent control system for the water level of the water collecting tank (12), the intelligent control system sends a closing instruction to the electric valve (18), and after the electric valve (18) is closed, the residual stored rainwater in the water collecting tank (12) only meets the water supply requirement of green roof irrigation;

fifthly, when the soil humidity in the plant cultivation sunlight room is reduced to the lower limit of the threshold value set by the soil humidity sensor (28), the plant is in a water shortage state, the soil humidity sensor (28) transmits an analog signal representing soil humidity information to the intelligent control system through a special line, the intelligent control system controls the solar cell panel (20) to supply power to the submersible pump A (22), rainwater stored in the water storage tank (23) enters the drip irrigation pipe (27) through the water supply pipe (25) to irrigate the green plants (24), when the soil humidity is increased to the upper limit of the threshold value set by the soil humidity sensor (28), the intelligent control system controls the solar cell panel (20) to interrupt the power supply state of the submersible pump A (22), and the irrigation process executed by the intelligent green roof irrigation system is finished;

sixthly, under the condition of lack of effective rainfall for a long time, rainwater stored in the water storage tank (23) cannot be supplemented, after multiple times of irrigation, when the water level in the water storage tank (23) reaches the lower limit of the set threshold value of the water level sensor B (162), the water level sensor B (162) transmits an analog signal representing water level information to the intelligent control system through a special line, the intelligent control system controls the solar panel (20) to supply power to the submersible pump B (29), and residual stored rainwater in the water collecting tank (12) enters the water storage tank (23) through a pipeline to realize a water supplementing process; in the water replenishing process, if the water level in the water collecting tank (12) is reduced to the lower limit of the set threshold value of the water level sensor A (161), the water level sensor A (161) transmits an analog signal representing water level information to the intelligent control system through a special line, and the intelligent control system stops the solar cell panel (20) from supplying power to the submersible pump B (29);

when the irrigation process of the fifth step is executed, if the water level in the water storage tank (23) is lower than the lowest position of a floating ball of the floating ball liquid level switch (21), the floating ball liquid level switch (21) automatically cuts off the power supply to the submersible pump A (22) to prevent the submersible pump A (22) from being in dangerous situations of idle burning and idle running;

in the third to sixth steps, the analog signals of the water level sensor A (161), the water level sensor B (162) and the soil humidity sensor (28) are transmitted to the intelligent control system through a special line and are received by the RS485 intelligent signal conditioner (31), the analog signals sent by the water level sensor A (161), the water level sensor B (162) and the soil humidity sensor (28) are converted into digital signals by the A/D signal converter (32) and are transmitted to the C8051F series single chip microcomputer (33), the C8051F series single chip microcomputer (33) outputs pulse signals according to the established function model, and the output result is converted into the analog signals through the D/A signal converter (34) to control the electric valve (18), the submersible pump B (29) and the submersible pump A (22) to execute corresponding operations;

according to the corresponding steps, the roof rainwater collection, retention and intelligent irrigation processes can be achieved.

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