CN106702979B - Multistage folds arc formula fish pass and crosses fish method - Google Patents
Multistage folds arc formula fish pass and crosses fish method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106702979B CN106702979B CN201611206572.0A CN201611206572A CN106702979B CN 106702979 B CN106702979 B CN 106702979B CN 201611206572 A CN201611206572 A CN 201611206572A CN 106702979 B CN106702979 B CN 106702979B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of multistage folded arc formula fish pass and fish method is crossed, is related to fish pass structure and hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering ecological environment field.Multistage of the invention is folded arc formula fish pass and is made of the fish pass unit, two aileron of fish pass and control system of several steps, the bottom plate and gate of fish pass unit are curved panel, form folded arc formula structure, folded sheet in fish pass unit can tend to be straight with gate opening process, cooperatively form with gate and be conducive to the flow condition that fish are traced back.The present invention can shorten fish pass length, adjust fish pass flow condition, intelligent level is high compared with traditional fish pass; dam suitable for different heads crosses fish; it is also suitable for the fish of different Burden-Swimming Ability of KM, is conducive to protect the fish resources, maintains the diversity of river ecosystem.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fish pass structure and hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering ecological environment field, in particular to a kind of multistage folded arc formula
Fish pass and excessively fish method.
Background technique
In river all over the world, people are in order to control flood, generate electricity, irrigate, a large amount of water has been built in shipping and water supply etc.
Sharp hydroelectric project, dam improve water level, block river, cause natural river this opening, continuous system in energy flow, object
A series of change occurs for matter circulation and information transmitting etc., makes live habitat conditions needed for Fish Survival therein, water
Literary situation changes, and finally has an impact to the stock of fish.In order to protect natural fishery resources, ensure aquatic ecosystem
Continuity and diversity, the main reclamation activities taken at present are that fish pass is built in water power hydraulic engineering, help fish migration.
Fish pass is a kind of fish pass structure built at gate dam or natural obstacle for fish migration, is to reduce gate dam pair
A kind of Ecological Measures of Fish Survival and breeding interference.Traditional fish pass is generally only applicable in height of dam in 20~25m low water below
Head key water control project, and fish traces back and needs to expend very big energy in the process.20th century, the in the world longest fish of head highest, length
Road is the dam the Bei Cha fish pass and Paar fish pass that the U.S. is built in the fifties, the dam Bei Cha fish pass hoisting depth 60m, overall length respectively
2.7km；Paar fish pass hoisting depth 57.5m, overall length 4.8km.Currently, the longest fish pass of head highest, length is Brazil
The Yi Taipu fish pass built up on Parana for 2003, upstream and downstream head difference 120m, the total length of channel is about 10km.These
The fish pass of middle and high head key water control project, which depends on, extends fish pass length control fish pass flow velocity, so that fish pass institute in hydraulic engineering
The construction cost accounted for is very high.Although the fish pass structures such as fish lock, fish lift have applied to middle and high head key water control project, by
Too big in the method for operation of fish lock and fish lift and the natural migration mode difference of fish, the effect is unsatisfactory for attracting.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: fish pass is too long when in order to solve existing fish pass technology for middle and high head key water control project, cost is excessively high
Problem, meanwhile, reduce requirement of traditional fish pass to fish gram stream ability and vertical jump in succession ability, improve fish pass cross fish effect,
The continuity and diversity protected natural fishery resources, ensure aquatic ecosystem, the present invention provide a kind of multistage folded arc formula fish
Road and excessively fish method.
Technical solution: in order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, multistage of the invention folds arc formula fish pass, including several steps
Fish pass unit, two aileron of fish pass and control system.
The fish pass unit is by bottom plate, gate, folded sheet, support frame, support arm, bearing hinge, headstock gear, wirerope and induction
Device composition.The shape of the bottom plate is curved panel, and the bottom plate upper and lower end of two neighboring fish pass unit is connected and fixed；The lock
Door is slightly less than the curved panel of the bottom plate curvature, and gate is located at substrate, gate and bottom plate it is of same size, gate
Length is less than the length of bottom plate；The folded sheet includes long slab and short slab, is cut with scissors between the long slab and short slab by heavy bearing
Chain connects, long slab and short slab it is of same size；Support frame as described above shape is " V-type ", two upper ends of support frame and heavy bearing
Hinge mid-section connects, and the lower end of support frame is equipped with the support leg of ball-type；The support arm is connected between gate and bearing hinge, each
Fish pass unit has two pairs of support arms, and two pairs of support arms are located in the edge of gate left and right side, plane and fish where each pair of support arm
Two aileron of road is parallel；The headstock gear is fixed in the middle part of the beam at fish pass both wings wall top end, wirerope one end connection headstock gear,
The other end is connected to the suspension centre of gate.
Two aileron of fish pass is vertically fixed on the left and right sides of fish pass, and fish pass both wings wall top end is equipped with vertically across fish pass
The beam of two sides, the quantity of beam and the quantity of headstock gear are identical.
The control system is arranged in the outer side surface of two aileron of fish pass.
In the present invention, the bearing hinge is perpendicularly fixed at fish pass both wings side within the walls, and each fish pass unit has a pair of of bearing
Hinge, bearing hinge are vertical with support arm.
In the present invention, the inductor is mounted on the inner sidewall of two aileron of fish pass.
In the present invention, the bottom plate is the arc-shaped panel upwarped, and the upper end two sides of every piece of bottom plate are equipped with bearing block.
In the present invention, the curved panel length of the gate is the 1/2~5/6 of bottom plate curved panel length, the lock
Door is fully located in bottom plate when closing, and when gate opening againsts bottom plate and rotates counterclockwise, and maximum rotation angle is not more than gate arc
The radian of shape panel；The gate is equipped with pushing assisted plate and bail, and pushing assisted plate is located at the center of gate bottom end, and bail is located at close to lock
The two sides on door top；The gate is equipped with several narrow perps on the curved panel close to top.
In the present invention, connected between the long slab of the folded sheet and short slab by heavy bearing hinge, long slab it is another
End is equipped with rotation axis, and the other end of short slab is equipped with shifting axle.
In the present invention, the both ends of the rotation axis are connected by bearing with the bearing block of bottom plate upper end；The shifting axle
Bail can be caught in during gate opening, it is mobile that shifting axle draws folded sheet under bail pulling force effect.
In the present invention, the support leg can be moved during gate opening by pushing assisted plate thrust, from
And it pushes the mobile support folded sheet of support frame to rise and tends to be horizontal.
In the present invention, the control system can receive the monitoring signals of inductor in fish pass units at different levels, and pass through
The large-scale integrated block that inside is composed of instruction repertorie controls the headstock gear working condition in corresponding fish pass unit.
Preferably, the curvature of the gate is slightly less than the bottom plate curvature, bottom plate and gate it is of same size.
Preferably, the curved panel length of the gate is the 1/2~5/6 of bottom plate curved panel length.
Preferably, being fully located in bottom plate when the closing gate, avoid gate end beyond bottom plate to fish migration
It causes to stop.
Preferably, the opening-closing process of the gate all againsts bottom plate rotation, reduces gate operational process and fish are caused
Interference.
Preferably, the bottom center of the gate is equipped with the pushing assisted plate for pushing support frame mobile, close to gate top
Two sides are equipped with the bail for pushing shifting axle movement.
Preferably, the gate is equipped with several narrow perps on the curved panel close to top, it is ensured that gate opening
Water flow is smooth in fish pass unit afterwards.
Preferably, the folded sheet is formed by connecting by one piece of long slab and one piece of short slab by heavy bearing hinge.
Preferably, the support leg is ball-type support leg, rotated freely in frame moving process easy to support.
Technical solution provided by the invention further includes crossing fish method based on above-mentioned multistage folded arc formula fish pass, it is characterised in that
The following steps are included:
1. in fish migration season, after migration fishes enter fish pass import, the shoal of fish swum in front passes through downstream first
First order fish pass unit, after the fish of foremost enters the induction range of inductor, inductor receive external signal and to
Control system issues pulse signal, after control system receives signal, by house computer program to first order fish pass unit
Headstock gear send open command, headstock gear start to work, gate under the draw of wirerope with bearing hinge be center axis
It againsts bottom plate to rotate counterclockwise, the water level of first order fish pass unit is gradually lifted, to make first order fish pass unit and the second level
Height of water reduction between fish pass unit, reduced velocity flow；
2., when gate rises to certain altitude, bail reaches the position of shifting axle, pushing assisted plate during gate opening
The position of support leg is reached, shifting axle draws folded sheet movement, thrust of the support leg in pushing assisted plate under the pulling force effect of bail
It is mobile to act on lower promotion support frame, rotation axis rotates under the drive of entire folded sheet, and folded sheet is in shifting axle and support frame
Tend to be straight under collective effect, thus reduce the water flow base slope in first order fish pass unit, meanwhile, water flow is in gate curved panel
Perps adjustment effect under, be formed with the hydrodynamic condition traced back conducive to the shoal of fish；
3. the fish of first batch can smoothly enter into the as first order fish pass unit reduces base slope, is lifted water level, slows down flow velocity
Second level fish pass unit, after the fish of foremost enters the inductor induction range of second level fish pass unit, inductor receives outer
Portion's signal simultaneously issues pulse signal to control system, after control system receives signal, by house computer program to second
The headstock gear of grade fish pass unit sends open command, and headstock gear is started to work, and gate is under the draw of wirerope with bearing
Hinge againsts bottom plate for center axis and rotates counterclockwise, is lifted the water level of second level fish pass unit, slows down flow velocity in fish pass, meanwhile, the
Bail pulls the movement of shifting axle traction folded sheet, pushing assisted plate to push support frame mobile by support leg in second level fish pass unit,
Folded sheet tends to be straight under the collective effect of shifting axle and support frame, to reduce the water flow bottom in the fish pass unit of the second level
Slope, meanwhile, water flow continuously forms and is conducive on the shoal of fish under the perps adjustment effect of second level fish pass unit gate curved panel
The flow condition to trace back；
4. induction is less than fish for a long time for the inductor in first order fish pass unit, without arteries and veins while executing step 3.
It rushes signal and is transferred to control system, headstock gear begins to shut off gate under control of a computer program, and gate is to support during hinge is
Mandrel againsts bottom plate and rotates clockwise in return bottom plate, meanwhile, folded sheet is rolled under self gravity and heavy bearing hinge effect
Folded to return to initial position, first order fish pass unit completes one and spends the fish period；
5. process of other fish pass units at different levels by step 2., 3. successively assists the shoal of fish to enter the fish pass unit of upper level,
Meanwhile 4. the fish pass unit for completing fish is returned to original state by step, next group fish is waited to enter；
6. as long as fish pass units at different levels assist step by step according to above-mentioned corresponding steps after having fish to enter first order fish pass unit
The shoal of fish is traced back, and such a batch connects a collection of ground circulation conveying shoal of fish, and the purpose for efficiently crossing fish can be realized.
The utility model has the advantages that multistage of the invention folds arc formula fish pass and crosses fish method, have the advantages that
(1) bottom plate of the invention and gate constitute the folded arc structure of fish pass unit using curved panel similar in curvature, have
Bottom plate opening and closing is against conducive to gate, reduces the interference to fish migration, meanwhile, the bottom plate of fish pass has the function of lock chamber concurrently, gate
Opening and closing has the advantages that gates of segmental shape operation.
(2) bottom plate of the invention and gate use curved panel, and the folded arc structure that double curved panels are constituted forms the power that disappears
Pond is conducive to water flow in interior energy dissipating.
(3) folded sheet of the invention is formed by connecting by one piece of long slab and one piece of short slab by heavy bearing hinge, in bail
When pushing folded sheet with pushing assisted plate, folded sheet part above water flow can be between long slab and the connecting sewing of short slab to dirty
It is dynamic, be conducive to pulling force needed for mitigating starting gate；In closing gate, be conducive to folded sheet in self gravity and heavy bearing
It is folded under the collective effect of hinge gravity and is restored to reset condition.
(4) gate of the invention is in opening process, while driving folded sheet to move up and being straightened, and fish pass unit water is raised in realization
Position, the construction interim Small Bottom Slope of fish pass unit are conducive to the hydrodynamic condition for forming suitable fish migration in fish pass unit, reduce fish
Class trace back during physical consumption, reduce to fish gram stream ability and vertical jump in succession ability requirement, avoid to fish sexual gland
The influence of development.
(5) it is fully located in bottom plate after closing gate of the invention, can be avoided gate end and whirl beyond bottom plate to fish
Trip route causes to stop.
(6) gate opening/closing process of the invention all againsts bottom plate rotation, can reduce gate operational process and cause to fish
Interference.
(7) support leg of ball-type of the invention is conducive to rotate freely in support frame moving process.
(8) bottom plate curved panel upstream of the invention tilts, to increase the base slope of bottom plate, it is long to be conducive to shortening fish pass
Degree, saves the construction cost of fish pass, and the application to promotion fish pass in high water head key water control project is of great significance.
(9) folded sheet of the invention can not only form interim water flow base slope, and can increase fish pass frictional resistance, be conducive to
Fish pass water flow inside energy dissipating, while bottom plate can be protected, extend fish pass service life.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of multistage folded arc formula fish pass not running state of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the fish channel structure schematic diagram that first order fish pass unit crosses fish state in Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is certain level-one fish pass cellular construction schematic diagram of not running state in Fig. 1；
Fig. 4 is certain level-one fish pass cellular construction schematic diagram of operating status in Fig. 1；
Fig. 5 is folded sheet and support frame schematic perspective view in Fig. 1；
Fig. 6 is gate structure stereoscopic schematic diagram in Fig. 1.
In figure: 1- bottom plate；2- gate；21- pushing assisted plate；22- bail；23- perps；3- folded sheet；31- long slab；32- is short
Plate；33- heavy bearing hinge；34- rotation axis；35- shifting axle；4- support frame；41- support leg；5- support arm；6- bearing hinge；7-
Headstock gear；8- wirerope；9- inductor；Two aileron of 10- fish pass.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figures 1 to 6, multistage of the invention folds arc formula fish pass, fish pass unit, fish pass two including several steps
Aileron 10 and control system 11.
Wherein, fish pass unit is by bottom plate 1, gate 2, folded sheet 3, support frame 4, support arm 5, bearing hinge 6, headstock gear 7, steel wire
Rope 8 and inductor 9 form.The shape of bottom plate 1 is the arc-shaped panel upwarped, 1 upper and lower end of bottom plate of two neighboring fish pass unit
It is connected and fixed, the upper end two sides of every piece of bottom plate 1 are equipped with bearing block.Gate 2 is slightly less than the curved panel of 1 curvature of bottom plate, gate 2
Above bottom plate 1, gate 2 is of same size with bottom plate 1, and the curved panel length of gate 2 is 1 curved panel length of bottom plate
5/6, the center of 2 bottom end of gate is equipped with pushing assisted plate 21, is equipped with bail 22 in the two sides close to 2 top of gate.Folded sheet 3 includes length
Plate 31 and short slab 32 are connected between long slab 31 and short slab 32 by heavy bearing hinge 33, the width phase of long slab 31 and short slab 32
Together.4 shape of support frame is " V-type ", is connected in the middle part of two upper ends of support frame 4 and heavy bearing hinge 33, the lower end of support frame 4
Support leg 41 equipped with ball-type.Support arm 5 is connected between gate 2 and bearing hinge 6, and each fish pass unit has two pairs of support arms 5, and two pairs
Support arm 5 is located in the edge of 2 left and right side of gate, and the plane where each pair of support arm 5 is parallel with two aileron 10 of fish pass.Bearing
Hinge 6 is located at the axis both ends of the arc-shaped panel of gate 2 and is perpendicularly fixed at two aileron of fish pass, 10 inside, and each fish pass unit has one
To bearing hinge 6, bearing hinge 6 is vertical with support arm 5.Headstock gear 7 is fixed in the middle part of the beam on two aileron of fish pass, 10 top, wirerope 8 one
End connection headstock gear 7, the other end are connected to the suspension centre of gate 2.Fish pass units at different levels are equipped with the inductor 9 for monitoring the shoal of fish,
Inductor 9 is mounted on the inner sidewall of two aileron 10 of fish pass.After inductor 9, which monitors the shoal of fish, passes through signal, control is transmitted a signal to
System 11 processed, control system 11 control the opening and closing in corresponding fish pass unit by the large-scale integrated block that inside is composed of instruction repertorie
7 working condition of machine.The quantity of headstock gear 7 is identical as the quantity of fish pass unit.
Two aileron 10 of fish pass is vertically fixed on the left and right sides of fish pass, and two aileron of fish pass, 10 top is equipped with vertically across fish pass
The quantity of the beam of two sides, beam is identical as the quantity of headstock gear 7.
Control system 11 is arranged in the outer side surface of two aileron 10 of fish pass, and control system 11 receives to be felt in fish pass units at different levels
The monitoring signals of device 9 are answered, and control the opening and closing in corresponding fish pass unit by the large-scale integrated block that inside is composed of instruction repertorie
7 working condition of machine.
As shown in figures 1 and 3, fish pass unit is not in when crossing fish state, and the original state of each fish pass unit is identical, lock
Door 2 is fully located in bottom plate 1, and 32 both ends of short slab of folded sheet 3 and the lower end of long slab 31 are fallen on gate 2, and headstock gear 7 is to stop
Machine state.From downstream to upstream, the stepped arrangements of fish pass unit at different levels, 1 upper end of bottom plate of two neighboring fish pass unit is under
End alignment is connected and keeps the drop of each fish pass unit upper and lower side consistent.
As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 4, after fish reaches first fish pass unit from fish pass import, the sense of first fish pass unit
Device 9 is answered to monitor that monitoring signals by signal, are transferred to control system 11, the headstock gear 7 being fixed on beam receives by the shoal of fish
It starts to work after the instruction of control system 11,7 haulage cable of headstock gear, 8 starting gate 2, gate 2 supports hinge out of bottom plate 1
6 be axle center, support arm 5 be radius against bottom plate 1 counterclockwise rotation rise, meanwhile, pulling force effect of the shifting axle 35 by bail 22
It is mobile to draw folded sheet 3, support leg 41 pushes support frame 4 is mobile to rise under the thrust of pushing assisted plate 21, and folded sheet 3 is made to become
In level, folded sheet 3 constitutes the interim Small Bottom Slope in fish pass unit.Gate 2 after unlatching is lifted water level, increases fish pass unit
Level head, so that adjacent fish pass unit hydraulic gradient reduces, flow velocity slows down, and straddling fish stocks pass through first fish pass unit
Into second fish pass unit, other fish pass units work step by step according to this, first fish is assisted to enter upstream by fishway exit
Reservoir area.
As shown in Figures 1 to 6, gate 2 is equipped with and helps with curved panel similar in 1 curvature of bottom plate, the center of 2 bottom end of gate
The angle of push plate 21, pushing assisted plate 21 and curved panel is 90 °, is equipped with bail 22 in the arranged on left and right sides close to 2 top of gate.Folding
31 upper end of long slab and 32 lower end of short slab of lamination 3 are respectively equipped with rotation axis 34 and shifting axle 35, and the both ends of rotation axis 34 pass through axis
It holds and is connected with the bearing block of 1 upper end of bottom plate；Shifting axle 35 is caught in bail 22 in 2 opening process of gate, and shifting axle 35 is in bail
It is mobile that folded sheet 3 is drawn under 22 pulling force effects.Support leg 41 is moved in 2 opening process of gate by 21 thrust of pushing assisted plate
It is dynamic, to push the mobile support folded sheet 3 of support frame 4 to rise and tend to be horizontal.
As shown in figure 5, connected between the long slab 31 of folded sheet 3 and short slab 32 by heavy bearing hinge 33, long slab 31 with
Short slab 32 it is of same size.Support frame 4 is equipped with below folded sheet 3,4 shape of support frame is " V-type ", two upper ends of support frame 4
Connect in the middle part of heavy bearing hinge 33, the lower end of support frame 4 is equipped with the support leg 41 of ball-type.
As shown in fig. 6, support arm 5 is connected between gate 2 and bearing hinge 6, each fish pass unit has two pairs of support arms 5 and a pair
Bearing hinge 6, two pairs of support arms 5 are located in the edge of 2 left and right side of gate.Bearing hinge 6 is located at the axis of the arc-shaped panel of gate 2
Line both ends, bearing hinge 6 are vertical with support arm 5.Gate 2 is equipped with several narrow perps 23 on the curved panel close to top.
It is a kind of that fish method is crossed based on above-mentioned multistage folded arc formula fish pass, by 9 intelligent monitoring fish migration situation of inductor,
The information of monitoring is transferred to control system 11, control system 11 sends command adapted thereto to headstock gear 7 by internal processes, by fish
Group be delivered to upstream step by step, operation method in the present embodiment the following steps are included:
1. in fish migration season, after migration fishes enter fish pass import, the shoal of fish swum in front passes through downstream first
First order fish pass unit, after the fish of foremost enters 9 induction range of inductor, inductor 9 receive external signal and to
Control system 11 issues pulse signal, after control system 11 receives signal, by house computer program to first order fish pass
The headstock gear 7 of unit sends open command, and headstock gear 7 is started to work, and gate 2 is under the draw of wirerope 8 with bearing hinge 6
It againsts bottom plate 1 for center axis to rotate counterclockwise, the water level of first order fish pass unit is gradually lifted, to make first order fish pass unit
Height of water reduction between the fish pass unit of the second level, reduced velocity flow；
2., when gate 2 rises to certain altitude, bail 22 reaches the position of shifting axle 35 in 2 opening process of gate,
Pushing assisted plate 21 reaches the position of support leg 41, and shifting axle 35 draws the movement of folded sheet 3, support leg under the pulling force effect of bail 22
41 push support frame 4 mobile under the thrust of pushing assisted plate 21, and rotation axis 34 rotates under the drive of entire folded sheet 3, rolls over
Lamination 3 tends to be straight under the collective effect of shifting axle 35 and support frame 4, to reduce the water flow bottom in first order fish pass unit
Slope, meanwhile, water flow is formed with the hydrodynamic condition traced back conducive to the shoal of fish under 23 adjustment effect of perps of 2 curved panel of gate；
3. the fish of first batch can smoothly enter into the as first order fish pass unit reduces base slope, is lifted water level, slows down flow velocity
Second level fish pass unit, after the fish of foremost enters 9 induction range of inductor of second level fish pass unit, inductor 9 is received
External signal simultaneously passes through house computer program after control system 11 receives signal to the sending pulse signal of control system 11
Open command is sent to the headstock gear 7 of second level fish pass unit, headstock gear 7 is started to work, and gate 2 is made in the traction of wirerope 8
Bottom plate 1 is against for center axis with bearing hinge 6 under to rotate counterclockwise, is lifted the water level of second level fish pass unit, is slowed down in fish pass
Flow velocity, meanwhile, bail 22 pulls the movement of the traction folded sheet 3 of shifting axle 35, pushing assisted plate 21 to pass through support in the fish pass unit of the second level
Foot 41 pushes support frame 4 mobile, and folded sheet 3 tends to be straight under the collective effect of shifting axle 35 and support frame 4, to reduce
Water flow base slope in the fish pass unit of the second level, meanwhile, water flow is adjusted in the perps 23 of 2 curved panel of second level fish pass unit gate
Under effect, continuously forms and be conducive to the flow condition that the shoal of fish is traced back；
4. the inductor 9 in first order fish pass unit is incuded for a long time less than fish, without arteries and veins while executing step 3.
It rushes signal and is transferred to control system 11, headstock gear 7 begins to shut off gate 2 under control of a computer program, and gate 2 is to support hinge
6, which against bottom plate 1 for center axis, rotates clockwise in return bottom plate 1, meanwhile, folded sheet 3 is in self gravity and heavy bearing hinge
Initial position is folded back under 33 effects, first order fish pass unit completes one and spends the fish period；
5. process of other fish pass units at different levels by step 2., 3. successively assists the shoal of fish to enter the fish pass unit of upper level,
Meanwhile 4. the fish pass unit for completing fish is returned to original state by step, next group fish is waited to enter；
6. as long as fish pass units at different levels assist step by step according to above-mentioned corresponding steps after having fish to enter first order fish pass unit
The shoal of fish is traced back, and such a batch connects a collection of ground circulation conveying shoal of fish, and the purpose for efficiently crossing fish can be realized.
The folded arc formula fish pass of multistage of the invention and excessively fish method are suitable for middle and high head Large Hydro-Junction engineering and cross fish,
Compensating for traditional fish pass may be only available for the shortcoming that low water head crosses fish, can greatly shorten the length of traditional fish pass, and saving is built
It is set as this.Multistage of the invention folds arc formula fish pass intelligence degree height, can gradually form the suitable fluidised form of similar natural river
And hydrodynamic condition, so that fish pass is more close with natural stream channel；It can be realized the continuous of fish pass and cross fish, shortened the fish time, and subtracted
Small fish physical consumption, ensures fish safety, and fish especially poor to constitution or that physical consumption is excessive have positive protection to make
With saving physical strength for the migration of fish subsequent upstream, provide guarantee for high-quality lay eggs.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that: for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of multistage folded arc formula fish pass, it is characterised in that: fish pass unit, two aileron of fish pass (10) including several steps and
Control system (11), the fish pass unit are cut with scissors by bottom plate (1), gate (2), folded sheet (3), support frame (4), support arm (5), bearing
(6), headstock gear (7), wirerope (8) and inductor (9) composition, two aileron of fish pass (10) are vertically fixed on the left and right of fish pass
Two sides, two aileron of fish pass (10) top are equipped with vertically across the beam of fish pass two sides, the quantity and the quantity phase of headstock gear (7) of beam
Together, the control system (11) is arranged in the outer side surface of two aileron of fish pass (10),
The shape of the bottom plate (1) is curved panel, and bottom plate (1) upper and lower end of two neighboring fish pass unit is connected and fixed, every piece
The upper end two sides of bottom plate (1) are equipped with bearing block；
The gate (2) is slightly less than the curved panel of the bottom plate (1) curvature, and gate (2) is located at bottom plate (1) above, gate
(2) of same size with bottom plate (1), the length of gate (2) is less than the length of bottom plate (1)；The curved panel of the gate (2) is long
Degree is the 1/2~5/6 of bottom plate (1) curved panel length, and the gate (2) is fully located in bottom plate (1) when closing, gate (2)
It againsts bottom plate (1) when unlatching to rotate counterclockwise, maximum rotation angle is not more than the radian of gate (2) curved panel；The gate
(2) it is equipped with pushing assisted plate (21) and bail (22), pushing assisted plate (21) is located at the center of gate (1) bottom end, and bail (22) is located at close
The two sides on gate (1) top；The gate (2) is equipped with several narrow perps (23) on the curved panel close to top；
The folded sheet (3) includes long slab (31) and short slab (32), passes through heavy axis between the long slab (31) and short slab (32)
It holds hinge (33) to connect, long slab (31) is of same size with short slab (32)；
Support frame as described above (4) shape is " V-type ", connects in the middle part of two upper ends of support frame (4) and heavy bearing hinge (33), props up
The lower end of support (4) is equipped with the support leg (41) of ball-type；
The support arm (5) is connected between gate (2) and bearing hinge (6), and each fish pass unit has two pairs of support arms (5), two pairs of branch
Arm (5) is located in the edge of gate (2) left and right side, and the plane where each pair of support arm (5) and two aileron of fish pass (10) are flat
Row；
The bearing hinge (6) is perpendicularly fixed on the inside of two aileron of fish pass (10), and each fish pass unit has a pair of of bearing hinge (6), branch
It is vertical with support arm (5) to hold hinge (6)；
The headstock gear (7) is fixed in the middle part of the beam on two aileron of fish pass (10) top, and described wirerope (8) one end connects headstock gear
(7), the other end is connected to the suspension centre of gate (2)；
The inductor (9) is mounted on the inner sidewall of two aileron of fish pass (10), and the control system (11) can receive fishes at different levels
The monitoring signals of inductor (9) in road unit, and corresponding fish pass is controlled by the large-scale integrated block that inside is composed of instruction repertorie
Headstock gear (7) working condition in unit.
2. multistage folded arc formula fish pass according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the bottom plate (1) be upwarp it is arc-shaped
Panel.
3. multistage folded arc formula fish pass according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the long slab (31) of the folded sheet (3) with
Connected between short slab (32) by heavy bearing hinge (33), the other end of long slab (31) is equipped with rotation axis (34), short slab (32)
The other end be equipped with shifting axle (35).
4. multistage folded arc formula fish pass according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the both ends of the rotation axis (34) pass through axis
It holds and is connected with the bearing block of bottom plate (1) upper end；The shifting axle (35) can be caught in bail in gate (2) opening process
(22), it is mobile to draw folded sheet (3) under bail (22) pulling force effect for shifting axle (35).
5. multistage folded arc formula fish pass according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the support leg (41) is opened in gate (2)
It can be moved by pushing assisted plate (21) thrust during opening, to push on support frame (4) mobile support folded sheet (3)
It rises and tends to be horizontal.
6. multistage folded arc formula fish pass according to any one of claims 1 to 5 crosses fish method, it is characterised in that including following
Step:
1. fish migration season swims the shoal of fish in front passes through downstream first after migration fishes enter fish pass import
Level-one fish pass unit, after the fish of foremost enters the induction range of inductor (9), inductor (9) receives external signal simultaneously
Pulse signal is issued to control system (11), after control system (11) receives signal, by house computer program to first
The headstock gear (7) of grade fish pass unit sends open command, and headstock gear (7) is started to work, traction of the gate (2) in wirerope (8)
Bottom plate (1) being against with bearing hinge (6) under effect for center axis to rotate counterclockwise, the water level of first order fish pass unit is gradually lifted,
To make the height of water between first order fish pass unit and second level fish pass unit reduce, reduced velocity flow；
2., when gate (2) rises to certain altitude, bail (22) reaches shifting axle (35) in gate (2) opening process
Position, pushing assisted plate (21) reach the position of support leg (41), and shifting axle (35) draws folding under the pulling force effect of bail (22)
Plate (3) is mobile, and support leg (41) pushes support frame (4) mobile under the thrust of pushing assisted plate (21), and rotation axis (34) is whole
It being rotated under the drive of a folded sheet (3), folded sheet (3) tends to be straight under the collective effect of shifting axle (35) and support frame (4),
To reduce the water flow base slope in first order fish pass unit, meanwhile, water flow is adjusted in the perps (23) of gate (2) curved panel to be made
Under, it is formed with the hydrodynamic condition traced back conducive to the shoal of fish；
3. the fish of first batch can smoothly enter into the as first order fish pass unit reduces water flow base slope, is lifted water level, slows down flow velocity
Second level fish pass unit, after the fish of foremost enters inductor (9) induction range of second level fish pass unit, inductor (9) is connect
It receives external signal and issues pulse signal to control system (11), after control system (11) receives signal, counted by inside
Calculation machine program sends open command to the headstock gear (7) of second level fish pass unit, and headstock gear (7) is started to work, and gate (2) is in steel
Bottom plate (1) is against for center axis with bearing hinge (6) under the draw of cord (8) to rotate counterclockwise, is lifted second level fish pass list
The water level of member, slows down flow velocity in fish pass, meanwhile, bail (22) pulls shifting axle (35) to draw folded sheet in the fish pass unit of the second level
(3) mobile, pushing assisted plate (21) pushes support frame (4) mobile by support leg (41), in being total to for shifting axle (35) and support frame (4)
Folded sheet (3) tends to be straight under same-action, so that the water flow base slope in the fish pass unit of the second level is reduced, meanwhile, water flow is
Under perps (23) adjustment effect of second level fish pass unit gate (2) curved panel, continuously forms and be conducive to the water flow that the shoal of fish is traced back
Condition；
4. induction is less than fish for a long time for the inductor (9) in first order fish pass unit, without pulse while executing step 3.
Signal is transferred to control system (11), and headstock gear (7) is begun to shut off gate (2) under control of a computer program, gate (2) with
Bearing hinge (6) againsts bottom plate (1) for center axis and rotates clockwise in return bottom plate (1), meanwhile, folded sheet (3) is in self gravity
Initial position is folded back under acting on heavy bearing hinge (33), first order fish pass unit completes one and spends the fish period；
5. process of other fish pass units at different levels by step 2., 3. successively assists the shoal of fish to enter the fish pass unit of upper level, meanwhile,
4. the fish pass unit for completing fish is returned to original state by step, next group fish is waited to enter；
6. as long as fish pass units at different levels assist the shoal of fish according to above-mentioned corresponding steps step by step after having fish to enter first order fish pass unit
It traces back, such a batch connects a collection of ground circulation conveying shoal of fish, and the purpose for efficiently crossing fish can be realized.
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| CN201611206572.0A CN106702979B (en) | 2016-12-23 | 2016-12-23 | Multistage folds arc formula fish pass and crosses fish method |
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| CN201611206572.0A CN106702979B (en) | 2016-12-23 | 2016-12-23 | Multistage folds arc formula fish pass and crosses fish method |
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| CN106702979B true CN106702979B (en) | 2018-12-14 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107905186B (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2023-08-01 | 成都芯云天科技有限公司 | Spiral building type fishway system integrating sightseeing and drifting functions |
| CN109680659A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-04-26 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | A kind of water channeling type power station Overflow Section ecological reconstruction structure and method |
| CN109797699B (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2023-12-12 | 安徽中标环境科技有限公司 | Dam fish lifting platform based on water ecological environment |
| CN112030862B (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2021-12-28 | 宋靖国 | Fish passing device suitable for low-water-head overflow dam |
| CN112376513B (en) * | 2020-10-31 | 2021-10-29 | 水利部中国科学院水工程生态研究所 | Assembled fishway with variable gradient and variable-gradient control system |
| CN113174908B (en) * | 2021-05-11 | 2022-05-17 | 皖江工学院 | Fishway |
| CN114411651B (en) * | 2022-03-07 | 2024-03-22 | 安徽理工大学 | Step-by-step paired up-down reciprocating combined fishway and fish passing method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101638889A (en) * | 2008-12-17 | 2010-02-03 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Step-type fish passage facilities suitable for steep slope of high dam and control method |
| KR20140002201A (en) * | 2012-06-28 | 2014-01-08 | 일성보산업(주) | Submergence type fish way |
| CN204385702U (en) * | 2015-01-04 | 2015-06-10 | 河海大学 | A kind of acousto-optic integrated fish pass ecology leads fish system |
| EP2918727A1 (en) * | 2014-03-11 | 2015-09-16 | Franz Seidl & Sohn GesmbH | Component, in particular one made of prefabricated parts, for a small-scale power station |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101638889A (en) * | 2008-12-17 | 2010-02-03 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Step-type fish passage facilities suitable for steep slope of high dam and control method |
| KR20140002201A (en) * | 2012-06-28 | 2014-01-08 | 일성보산업(주) | Submergence type fish way |
| EP2918727A1 (en) * | 2014-03-11 | 2015-09-16 | Franz Seidl & Sohn GesmbH | Component, in particular one made of prefabricated parts, for a small-scale power station |
| CN204385702U (en) * | 2015-01-04 | 2015-06-10 | 河海大学 | A kind of acousto-optic integrated fish pass ecology leads fish system |
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