CN106696253B

CN106696253B - Color FDM-3D printer with multi-path friction feeding system

Info

Publication number: CN106696253B
Application number: CN201610292930.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 不公告发明人
Original assignee: Shenzhen Rencolor Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Shenzhen Rencolor Technology Co ltd; Shenzhen Weichuang Technology Development Co ltd
Priority date: 2015-11-12
Filing date: 2016-05-04
Publication date: 2020-04-28
Anticipated expiration: 2036-05-04
Also published as: CN106696253A

Abstract

A color FDM-3D printer with a multi-path friction feeding system belongs to the field of machinery, a feeding main shaft rotates to push out a material wire added in a wedge included angle of a pulley (6), and the friction force of the material wire is determined by the wedge angle of the pulley and the pressure factor of a colloid pulley (9); when the storage material of a certain material wire material extruder assembly is full, the saturated pressure of the melting storage cavity causes the material wire not to enter continuously, and the material wire stops moving (feeding stops), and as a result, the material wire generates relative sliding relative to the wedge of the pulley, or 2 friction plates generate relative sliding relative to the pulley; the material extruder component is cooperated with the material extruder component in the working process that the set parameters are that 2 friction plates are preferably selected to generate relative sliding between the pulleys; the friction plate can normally move in a friction mode; the service life requirement is met.

Description

Color FDM-3D printer with multi-path friction feeding system

[ field of the invention ]

The invention belongs to the field of machinery, and particularly relates to a feeding device for generating thrust by using filamentous consumable materials with friction plates allowing slip and a color FDM-3D printer of the feeding device.

[ technical background ]

The Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) rapid prototyping process is a method of heating and melting various wires (such as engineering plastics ABS, polycarbonate PC, etc.) to build up and shape, abbreviated as FDM. Most FDM rapid prototyping technologies can use many types of modeling materials, such as modified paraffin, (acrylonitrile/butadiene/styrene) copolymer (ABS), nylon, rubber, and other thermoplastic materials, and multiphase hybrid materials, such as metal powder, ceramic powder, short fiber, and other blends with thermoplastic materials. PLA (polylactic acid) has lower shrinkage, and the printing model is moulding more easily to and advantages such as biodegradable, and this kind of material is all adopted to most desktop FDM type 3D printers today.

FDM: the Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) is a 3D printing technology developed after the LOM process and the SLA process. This technology was invented by Scott Crump in 1988, which subsequently created Stratasys. In 1992, Stratasys introduced the first FDM technology-based 3D printer in the world, "3D Modeler", which also marks the step in the business of FDM technology.

The FDM molding principle is relatively simple, and the structure part comprises an XOY axis plane addressing walking mechanical system, a Z axis vertical addressing walking mechanical system, an extruder assembly, a feeding system, an electric control system, a printed object bearing table, an operation panel and the like.

Before printing, built-in software of the FDM 3D printer automatically reads 3D model data and layers the data, after layering, liquid molten at high temperature is extruded through a nozzle of an extruder, and after extrusion, the liquid molten at high temperature is rapidly condensed and solidified when being cooled, and then a three-dimensional object is formed by swinging the extruder on a plane and downward displacement of a printing plate.

3D printing needs to be completed through processes of 3D scanning and 3D modeling, and finally, a 3D printing finished product is completed. Of course, 3D printers based on FDM molding technology are no exception. In addition to the 3D scanning and 3D modeling processes, the FDM forming technique generally goes through the following links as far as 3D printing itself is concerned. Firstly, the FDM software analyzes and stratifies the 3D model data to generate a printing path and a supporting path. Second, the extruder and printing platform will rise to the temperature set by the 3D model.

And finally, in the printing process, a three-dimensional space is formed by the displacement of the extruder on the plane and the vertical displacement of the printing platform, and the extruder and the printing platform print according to the generated path. In the printing process, after the extruder completes the printing task on one plane, the printing platform automatically descends one layer, and the extruder continues printing. And circulating to and fro until the finished product is finished.

During the printing process, the wire inserted into the extruder is rapidly melted and extruded by the extruder to be instantly coagulated. The temperature of the extruder is relatively high, and the temperature of the extruder is relatively different according to different materials and different model design temperatures. In order to prevent the occurrence of the problems of edge warping and the like of a printed object, the printing platform is generally heated, and the printing platform is generally covered with adhesive paper so as to facilitate the stripping of a printed finished product.

The principle of fused deposition modeling is as follows: firstly, inputting a slice file (section contour information) into a computer, wherein the thickness of a slice is generally selected to be 0.1-0.6 mm; the heating nozzle is controlled by a computer to do X-Y plane motion according to the (slice) section profile information of a product part, the thermoplastic filamentous material is sent to the hot melting nozzle by a wire supply mechanism, is heated and melted into semi-liquid state in the nozzle, is extruded out, is selectively coated on a working table, and forms a layer of sheet profile with the thickness of about 0.127mm after being rapidly cooled. And after the section of one layer is formed, the workbench descends by a certain height, then cladding of the next layer is carried out, the section outline is like to be 'drawn' layer by layer, and the steps are repeated, so that the three-dimensional product part is finally formed.

The combination of the FDM-3D technology and the engraving and milling technology (CNC) at present does not have a scheme which is cost-effective and has the best effect.

The following describes the operation of the sliced program by taking the version of the open source software as an example:

when the Zhi-base technology prints a three-dimensional model, a three-dimensional model file needs to be generated and exported to be a file in an STL format, then the file in the STL format is generated into a file in a Gcode format, and then the file can be printed, and people teach how to set each parameter option of Cura software, so that the generated Gcode can be better printed; firstly, a model is required to be made in advance, wherein the intelligent base technology is made into a small-square model file, and the intelligent base technology can be made in 3dsmax and other three-dimensional model making software such as Solid Works, Chinese-stroke-left-falling UG, Chinese-stroke-left-falling MAYA and the like. Next, the zhi-ramu technology needs to derive the model of the block in 3ds max, derive the file in STL format, and name the file as a proper file name, and it should be noted that the naming operation is english or pinyin or a combination of both letters and numbers. Preparation is made for the next generation of printable format files in the Gcode format using "Cura software": during export, the Zhi-Zi technology can see a prompt option box, the Zhi-Zi technology is required to select which format of STL file is generated, whether the STL file is in a binary system or in an ASCII code, and a check box is selected only, the Zhi-Zi technology is required to select the binary system, and the check box is not selected only, so that the file in the STL format exported by the Zhi-Zi technology is more beneficial to the printing operation of the Zhi-Zi technology. After the STL format file is exported, the Zhi-Zi technology obtains a file named as 'fkuai', and then the Zhi-Zi technology can set specific parameters in Cura software to print.

And then opening Cura software by the Zhi-Zi technology, and opening the three-dimensional model file in the STL format derived by the Zhi-Zi technology in the Cura software. Next, let us tell how to set the print option settings of the Cura software: starting to withdraw a part of consumable materials when a spray head moves in a non-printing area between objects when two or more models are printed simultaneously, so as to prevent wire drawing phenomenon, wherein the filling density refers to that 0% of a filling structure in the model is a hollow object and 100% of the model is a solid object, the larger the filling density is, the larger the weight is, the printing speed can be increased relatively, the printing speed needs to be adjusted reasonably according to the size structure and the like of an actual printing model, the default speed of a printer is 20 when a first layer is printed initially, the speed can be set and recommended to be 30-40 for high-quality printing according to the speed, the speed is 50-60 for general printing, the high-speed printing is 80-100, the printing temperature determines that a general PLA material is about 210 and the ABS is about 230 according to; the support is divided into two types, wherein the first item is an external support, namely a support structure which can be in contact with a printer platform, and the second item Everywhere means that all places with suspended structures are provided with support assistance; the first item is that a circle of base is added on the periphery of the model to help the model to be more firmly adhered to the platform, and the second item is that a base is added on the whole bottom of the model to help the model to be adhered to the platform, wherein the first item is generally recommended to be used; the diameter of the wire is the diameter of a consumable used by the 3D printer, and the input 2.95 is the flow value of 100% because the wire is a consumable of 3 MM; the intelligent barrier technology also needs to set other two important parameters: "machine settings" and "advanced settings". The setting options of the machine setting needing attention are the setting of the platform size and the extrusion amount; advanced arrangements typically require only modification of the packing density of the support therein.

The extruder assembly is a core component of the FDM rapid forming technology, most of the aluminum blocks are indirectly heated by a heating rod, plastic wires are extruded in through an inlet end of the extruder assembly and then guided by a throat pipe to reach a heating part of the aluminum block, the aluminum block is melted and enters a nozzle area, finally the aluminum block is extruded out through an extrusion hole, and the melted plastic wires are extruded out of the nozzle under the action of the pressure of a subsequent wire feeding (piston).

The throat pipe in the extruder assembly is made of stainless steel, so that the heat conducting performance of the throat pipe is reduced, the stainless steel throat pipe is internally lined with Teflon for a certain time, the temperature inside the throat pipe is increased due to long-term heating and printing of the extruder assembly, so that materials in the throat pipe are in a molten state, the materials are bonded in the pipe after printing and cooling are stopped, the adhesion materials in the pipe cannot be melted immediately when the extruder assembly is restarted for printing next time, the throat pipe is blocked, and the Teflon is lined in the throat pipe, so that the materials in the throat pipe cannot be melted and adhered, and the problem of blocking can be greatly solved. Meanwhile, the author adds a radiating fin and a fan on the extruder assembly, mainly aims to reduce the temperature of the upper part of the throat pipe and prevent the problem of a choke plug, and also can radiate the extruder assembly. The plastic wire after heating and melting is extruded to the printing table by the nozzle, if bad phenomena such as edge warping and shrinkage and the like caused by sudden temperature reduction of the plastic are reduced, an author can make the printing table into a heating bed, a thermistor is arranged in the bed and connected with a circuit board to control the temperature of the heating bed, and the author does not use the heating bed in order to save the manufacturing cost.

The single crowded head compares, and two crowded heads adopt two extruder assemblies to arrange side by side to relative position is fixed, owing to have two shower nozzles, the printing speed of two crowded heads is faster, and printing efficiency is also higher, and two crowded heads are installed on the slider, are connected with the guide rail by the slider, because its quality is bigger, and the inertia that produces during the operation is bigger, and rigidity requirement to the guide rail is also higher, can reduce the precision of printing like this. There are four types of nozzle diameters for the lowermost nozzle head of the extruder assembly: 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.4mm is the most widely used nozzle in the market, certainly can purchase the nozzle of different diameters according to the actual need, it is worth mentioning here that, after selecting the nozzle diameter, also need set up the corresponding parameter in the software while printing, such as print layer height, printing speed, etc. in the slicing software, make the quality and precision of printing higher.

The heating nozzle carries the extrusion holes to do X-Y plane movement under the control of a computer according to the section profile information of the product part, and a layer of thin sheet profile with the thickness of about 0.127-0.50mm is formed after rapid cooling. And after the section of one layer is formed, the workbench descends by a certain height, then cladding of the next layer is carried out, the section outline is like to be 'drawn' layer by layer, and the steps are repeated, so that the three-dimensional product part is finally formed.

The near-end wire feeding is to install the extruder assembly on the printing head, directly extrude the material into the throat pipe from the extruder assembly, melt the material in the aluminum block, and spray the melted material out of the nozzle for printing. In the installation mode, the extruder assembly moves together with the printing head, the printing head has large mass and large inertia during printing, the printing is easy to be inaccurate, and the requirement on the rigidity of the guide rail by adopting the near-end wire feeding is higher. While the distal feed wire is mounted to the extruder assembly at a location remote from the extruder assembly, the drive motor is typically mounted to the printer frame rather than the extruder assembly, and the distal feed wire requires a higher torque to extrude the material into the print head than the proximal feed wire.

The circuit part includes: the 3D printer circuit part plays a role in controlling the coordinated, ordered and complete operation of the whole printing process in the printer. A typical circuit part of the FDM type 3D printer mainly comprises an Arduino mega2560 main control board, a Ramps 1.4 expanding board and a stepping motor driving board. The basic parameters and functions thereof are described below. The Arduino Mega2560 main control board comprises an Arduino Mega2560 main control board microcontroller atMega2560, a working voltage of 5V, 54 digital I/O pins, 16 analog input pins, 50 direct current of each I/O pin, and a main control board of a 3D printer, and is responsible for controlling the whole printer to complete specific actions, such as printing specific files and the like. It should be noted here that the diodes of the extended version supplying power to the main control board are not welded, that is, the diodes need to supply power to the mega2560 main control board separately, and the power is supplied directly by using the USB 5V or through a power connector. Arduino is a convenient, flexible and convenient open-source electronic prototype platform, comprises hardware (Arduino boards of various models) and software (Arduino IDE), has a circuit diagram design of open source codes, can be freely downloaded through a program development interface, can be modified according to personal needs, and meets the requirements of innovation and originality of different crowds. Before the 3D printer operation, need download Marlin firmware in Arduino IDE, part parameter satisfies the requirement of printing in modifying the firmware as required. The expansion board Ramps 1.4 is inserted on the main control board and is connected with the main control board through a contact pin, and the expansion board is used for being better connected with other hardware and controlling to play a role of a transition bridge. The expansion board needs to be connected with two 12V power supplies, wherein one power supply is 11A and is used for supplying power to the heating bed, the other power supply is 5A and is used for supplying power to elements such as an extruder, each shaft motor, a fan and the like, and the author only needs to use one 12V power supply and one 5A power supply without using the heating bed. The RAMPs 1.4 extension board is also provided with LEDs for outputting fan and heating rod, the extruder assembly and each shaft motor are controlled by the main control board through the stepping motor drive board A4988, because the author adopts a single-head printer, the motor interface of the extruder assembly 2 does not need to be provided with A4988 and is positioned at the upper right corner of the extension board, and a limit switch in the direction of X, Y, Z is arranged, so that the original point of the printer during each working can be controlled. The A4988 stepping motor driving board is used for connecting a stepping motor, so that the control of the main control board on the stepping motor is realized, and the action of the XYZ-axis motor and the extruder assembly is realized. The characteristic of A4988 stepping motor drive plate is that it has only simple stepping and direction control interface, there are 5 different stepping modes: full, half, 1/4, 1/8 and 1/16, the adjustable potentiometer can adjust the maximum current output, thereby obtaining higher stepping rate, and has the functions of overheating shutdown circuit, under-voltage locking, cross current protection, and the functions of grounding short-circuit protection and loading short-circuit protection. The driving board is inserted into the corresponding interface in the expansion board through pins.

Software part examples: the authors have known that the software part of the 3D printer includes two major parts, namely upper computer software and lower computer software, each of which is subdivided, and the authors can set and control the printing parameters by the main control board only through the operation of the software. The complete running process of all software of one 3D printer is as follows: firstly, an author needs to complete part modeling in three-dimensional modeling software on a computer, such as Solidworks, UG, 3D Max and other three-dimensional software, a file is stored in an STL format after a 3D model is created, the STL file is opened in slice software Slic3r, slicing is carried out to generate codes through a series of printing settings, the codes are opened on another upper computer software Pronterface and connected with a mainboard, the lower computer software on the mainboard is Marlin firmware, parameter setting is carried out in advance before operation, after connection is successful, an LED lamp on the mainboard flickers, and printing is started after a heating pipe on a printer is heated and the temperature is raised to a set temperature. The software portion of the printer is described in detail below. The lower computer software Marlin firmware is free software and can be directly used for software development, when an author uses the Marlin firmware in a 3D printer, the author only needs to download the firmware in the Arduino IDE software to find a configuration.h file in the Marlin firmware, relevant code content can be modified according to own needs, and the printer developed by the author needs to be modified as follows.

[ summary of the invention ]

The FDM printer for realizing the method mainly comprises an XOY axis plane addressing walking mechanical system, a Z axis vertical addressing walking mechanical system, a material extruder assembly, a multi-path friction feeding system, an electric control system, a printed object bearing table, an operation panel and the like; the working process is described in detail in the technical background:

the invention is different from the prior art in that the multi-path friction feeding system is composed of a feeding main shaft (1) which is provided with a thread (2) and a plurality of grooves (5), a nut (4), a first thrust spring (3), a rotation stopping check ring (8) with a pin hole (13), a first pulley (6), a friction plate (7), an auxiliary shaft (20), a colloid pulley (9) and a clamp spring (10); the second pulley (12) can be used to replace the supporting rubber pulley (9).

The working principle is that a supporting structure body (21) is responsible for fixing a driving motor (19) and restraining a feeding main shaft and an auxiliary shaft (20) to rotate in a fixed shaft mode, the driving motor (19) drives the feeding main shaft through a coupler, a pin (15) restrains a rotation stop check ring and the feeding main shaft to rotate simultaneously, a thrust spring is connected in series to press a first pulley, a friction plate and the rotation stop check ring to generate equal contact pressure, and the transmission of the torque of the first pulley, the friction plate and the rotation stop check ring is maintained in a static friction mode; each first pulley can be provided with the friction force of 2 friction plates; the friction torque of the first pulley of each is basically the same; the auxiliary shaft (20) has the tendency of moving horizontally to be close to the main feeding shaft under the thrust of the second thrust spring (18), and the auxiliary shaft is characterized in that the colloid pulley (9) compresses the section (16) of the strand, namely compresses the strand; the rubber pulley (9) can generate certain deformation; the rubber pulley (9) can be replaced by a second pulley (12) which requires certain elasticity, as shown by an elastic inner sleeve (17), a pin (15) or a rotation stopping convex structure restricts the rotation stopping check ring and the feeding main shaft to rotate simultaneously, and the contact mode between the material wire and the pulleys is 2-point wedge contact.

The mechanical characteristic of the working process is that the rotation of the feeding main shaft enables the material wire added in the wedge included angle of the first pulley (6) to be pushed out, and the friction force of the material wire is determined by the wedge angle of the pulley and the pressure factor of the colloid pulley (9); when the external force prevents the material wire from moving, if the friction torque provided by the 2 friction plates to the first pulley is larger than or equal to the friction torque of the material wire to the first pulley, the material wire slides relative to the wedge area; the cooperative working process with the material extruder assembly is that when the material stored in the material extruder assembly is full, the saturated pressure of the melting storage cavity causes the material wire not to enter continuously, and the material wire stops moving (feeding stops), and as a result, the material wire generates relative sliding relative to the first pulley wedge tip or the 2 friction plates generate relative sliding relative to the first pulley; the setting parameters are preferably that 2 friction plates are selected to generate relative sliding between the first pulley; the friction plate can normally move in a friction mode; the service life requirement is met.

The 5-way feeding work is an independent action; the power of the drive motor is of course sufficiently large; the resistance of 5-path simultaneous blocking is the largest, the resistance of 5-path simultaneous feeding is the smallest, and the torque ratio is more than 1 time.

[ description of the drawings ]

Description of reference numerals:

(1) feeding main shaft

(2) Screw thread

(3) Thrust spring

(4) Nut

(5) Groove

(6) First pulley

(7) Friction plate

(8) Rotation stopping check ring

(9) Rubber pulley

(10) Clamp spring

(11) Jump ring groove

(12) Second pulley

(13) Pin hole

(14) Motor shaft

(15) Pin bolt

(16) Cross section of material wire

(17) Elastic inner sleeve

(18) Thrust spring

(19) Driving motor

(20) Auxiliary shaft

(21) Support structure

[ examples of embodiment ]

The invention is further described in the following preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is an exploded view of the main structural components of the multiple friction feed system.

FIG. 2 is an overall assembly view of the multiple friction feed system.

As shown in fig. 1:

the feeding main shaft (1) is provided with a thread (2) and a plurality of grooves (5); the nut (4) is used for blocking the first thrust spring (3); the rotation stopping check ring (8) is arranged at the position of the groove (5), the pin hole (13) is used for placing a pin, and the pin is embedded into the groove (5) and is not blocked by touching the bottom, so that the rotation stopping check ring (8) can slightly axially slide; the pulley (6) is used closely to the friction plate (7); the auxiliary shaft (20) is used for supporting the colloid pulley (9), a clamp spring groove (11) is machined, and the clamp spring (10) is used for locking.

The second pulley (12) can replace the supporting rubber pulley (9), and when in use, the second pulley must have elasticity, wherein (17) is an elastic inner sleeve, and the reference numbers (6), (7), (8), (9) and (12) express the side view and the axial view of the parts.

As shown in fig. 2:

the working principle is that a supporting structure body (21) is responsible for fixing a driving motor (19) and restraining a feeding main shaft and an auxiliary shaft (20) to rotate in a fixed shaft mode, the driving motor (19) drives the feeding main shaft through a coupler, a pin (15) restrains a rotation stop check ring and the feeding main shaft to rotate simultaneously, a thrust spring is connected in series to press 5 sets of first pulleys, friction plates and the rotation stop check ring to generate equal contact pressure, and the transmission of the moment of the first pulleys, the friction plates and the rotation stop check ring is maintained in a static friction mode; each first pulley can be provided with the friction force of 2 friction plates; the friction torque of the first pulley of each is basically the same; the auxiliary shaft (20) has the tendency of moving horizontally to be close to the main feeding shaft under the thrust of the second thrust spring (18), and the auxiliary shaft is characterized in that the colloid pulley (9) compresses the section (16) of the strand, namely compresses the strand; the rubber pulley (9) can generate certain deformation; the rubber pulley (9) can be replaced by a second pulley (12) where a certain elasticity is required, as shown by the elastic inner sleeve (17).

The mechanical characteristic of the working process is that the rotation of the feeding main shaft enables the material wire added in the wedge included angle of the first pulley (6) to be pushed out, and the friction force of the material wire is determined by the wedge angle of the first pulley and the pressure factor of the colloid pulley (9); when the external force prevents the material wire from moving, if the friction torque provided by the 2 friction plates to the first pulley is larger than or equal to the friction torque of the material wire to the first pulley, the material wire slides relative to the wedge area; if the friction torque provided by the 2 friction plates to the first pulley is smaller than the friction torque of the material wire to the first pulley, the friction plates slide relative to the first pulley or the rotation stop ring.

When the storage material of a certain material thread material extruder component is full, the saturation pressure of the melting storage cavity causes the material thread not to enter continuously, and the material thread stops moving (feeding stops), as a result, the material thread generates relative sliding relative to the first pulley wedge, or 2 friction plates generate relative sliding to the first pulley; the setting parameters are preferably that 2 friction plates are selected to generate relative sliding between the first pulley; the friction plate can normally move in a friction mode; the service life requirement is met.

Claims

1. The color FDM-3D printer with several friction material feeding systems consists of mainly XOY axis plane addressing walking mechanical system, Z axis vertical addressing walking mechanical system, material extruder assembly, several friction material feeding systems, electric control system, printed matter bearing stage and operation panel; driving a material extruder assembly and a printed object bearing table by an XOY axis plane addressing walking mechanical system and a Z axis vertical addressing walking mechanical system, and remotely feeding the material extruder assembly by a multi-path friction feeding system to complete a lamination forming 3D printing process; the multi-path friction feeding system mainly comprises a feeding main shaft (1) which is provided with a thread (2) and a plurality of grooves (5), a nut (4), a first thrust spring (3), a rotation stopping check ring (8) with a pin hole (13), a first pulley (6), a friction plate (7), an auxiliary shaft (20), a colloid pulley (9) and a clamp spring (10); the position relation and the connection relation among all the parts are that the multi-path friction feeding system is composed of a feeding main shaft, a nut first thrust spring, a rotation stopping check ring with a pin hole, a first pulley, a friction plate, an auxiliary shaft, a colloid pulley, a clamp spring, a driving motor, a supporting structure body and the clamp spring, wherein the feeding main shaft and the auxiliary shaft are arranged in the supporting structure body in parallel, the supporting structure body is used for fixing the driving motor and restraining the feeding main shaft and the auxiliary shaft to rotate in a fixed shaft mode, the driving motor drives the feeding main shaft through a coupler, the nut, a first reasoning spring, the stop ring with the pin hole, the friction plate and the first pulley are sleeved on the feeding main shaft, the nut is arranged at the position of the thread and used for stopping the first thrust spring, the rotation stopping check ring is arranged at the position of the groove, the pin hole is used for placing a pin, and the pin is embedded into the groove and, therefore, the rotation stopping check rings can slightly axially slide, the rotation stopping check rings and the feeding main shaft are restrained by the pins or the rotation stopping protruding mechanisms to simultaneously rotate, two friction plates and a first pulley are arranged between every two adjacent rotation stopping check rings, the first pulley is located between the two friction plates and is tightly close to the friction plates for use, the first thrust spring is connected in series to press 5-7 sets of the first pulley, the friction plates and the rotation stopping check rings to generate equal contact pressure, the torque transmission is maintained in a static friction mode, each first pulley can be provided by the friction force of the two friction plates, and the friction torque of each first pulley is basically the same; the auxiliary shaft is used for supporting the colloid pulley, a clamp spring groove is processed on the auxiliary shaft, a clamp spring arranged in the clamp spring groove is used for locking the colloid pulley, the auxiliary shaft enables the auxiliary shaft to have the trend that translational motion is close to the feeding main shaft under the separation of a second thrust spring arranged on the supporting mechanism body, the colloid spring presses the section of the material wire to press the material wire, the colloid pulley can generate certain deformation, and the feeding main shaft rotates to enable the material wire clamped between the first pulley wedge included angle and the colloid pulley to be pushed out; when the material stored in the material extruder assembly is full, the saturated pressure of the melting storage cavity causes the material wire not to continuously enter, the material wire stops moving, the feeding is stopped, or the material wire is split relative to the first pulley to generate relative sliding, or 2 friction plates generate relative sliding to the first pulley, so that the material wire stops moving; the friction force drives the rotation stopping check ring by the feeding main shaft so that the rotation stopping check ring transmits torque between the friction plate and the first pulley; the first thrust spring is connected in series to press 2-7 sets of rotation stop check rings, friction plates and a first pulley at the same time to provide pressure required by friction; the contact mode between the material wire and the first pulley is 2 wedge contact of a contact mode; the second pulley providing the wire contact pressure is a glue pulley (9).

2. The FDM-3D printer with multiple friction feed system of claim 1 in which the colloidal pulley (9) can be replaced by a second pulley (12) with an elastic inner sleeve (17).