CN107303726A - The straight line counterweight method and its printer of FDM3D printer - Google Patents
The straight line counterweight method and its printer of FDM3D printer Download PDFInfo
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- CN107303726A CN107303726A CN201710226172.4A CN201710226172A CN107303726A CN 107303726 A CN107303726 A CN 107303726A CN 201710226172 A CN201710226172 A CN 201710226172A CN 107303726 A CN107303726 A CN 107303726A
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/227—Driving means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
- B29C64/118—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using filamentary material being melted, e.g. fused deposition modelling [FDM]
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
Abstract
The straight line counterweight method and its printer of FDM 3D printers, belong to mechanical field.Including orthogonal translation guide rail type of drive and compound translation member type of drive, counterweight block assembly is installed on the fixation structure outside the space of extruder assembly, its inertia sliding block is synchronous with the component motion holding of the X-axis or Y direction of extruder assembly, and the direction of motion is on the contrary, in gearratio 1：It is identical in quality with extruder assembly in the case of 1；Counterweight block assembly in Y-direction is arranged in 2 sides and the Y-axis parallel direction on the fixation structure outside the space of extruder assembly, the total gross mass of Y-axis inertia sliding block, equal to the quality sum of X-axis component and counterweight block assembly, ensure, the conservation of momentum of the horizontal direction of whole machine under any state, overcome the dynamic response ability of large-scale FDM 3D printers complete machine, speed is slow, serious vibration defect.
Description
[technical field]
It is specifically that a kind of heavy type FDM-3D printers that improve are keeping high-speed layer the invention belongs to field of mechanical technique
Under product completed state, mechanical system can buffer the method and construction of the inertia impact deformation of larger acceleration and acceleration.
[background technology]
Fused glass pellet (Fused Deposition Modeling, FDM) quick shaping process is by various silk materials
(such as engineering plastics ABS, polycarbonate) heating fusing and then successively accumulation molding method, abbreviation FDM.Most of FDM is fast
The fast adoptable moulding material of forming technique is a lot, such as modified paraffin, (acrylonitrile/butadiene/styrene) copolymer
(ABS), the thermoplastic such as nylon, rubber, and multiphase mixing material, such as metal dust, ceramic powders, chopped fiber and heat
The mixture of plastic material.Wherein PLA (PLA) has relatively low shrinkage factor, and printer model is easily moulding, and can give birth to
The advantages of thing is degraded.
The essential structure of FDM-3D printers is expressed as with operation logic：
Mainly include feed mechanism, (horizontal X axle Y-axis is moved and vertical Z axle drives for 2 dimensions or 3-dimensional of delivery extruder assembly
It is dynamic) bearing carrier of motion, or extruder assembly (Z-direction) vertical direction remains stationary, by the motion of Z-direction by one
The lifting of individual independent article carrying platform is completed；Also keep structure housing of above-mentioned motion structure etc.；Also support mechanical system
Electronic control system of motion etc..
Working condition is as follows：Under the control of electronic system, according to the section profile information of product parts, extruder assembly
Make X-Y plane motion, platform adjustment height prints table plane when starting and is located at hot melt shower nozzle nozzle exit area, heat
Plastics filamentary material delivers to hot melt shower nozzle by silk supplying machine structure, and heats and be fused into semi liquid state in the showerhead, is then squeezed out
Come, selectively coating on the table, forms the thick sheet profiles of one layer of about 0.2-8mm after quick cooling.One layer is cut
Face shaping completes aftertable and declines certain altitude, then carries out next layer of cladding, as " drawing " section and profile from level to level,
So circulation, ultimately forms three-dimensional objects part.In print procedure, printhead displacement in the plane and coordinate print platform
Upper and lower displacement can form a three dimensions, and printhead and print platform are printed according to the path of generation, and printhead is completed
After print out task in one plane, print platform declines one layer automatically, and printhead continues to print, and moves in circles up to finished product
Complete.
Or without using Z axis motor driving printing object lifting platform, printing object platform keeps Z-direction static, made
Moved up and down with Z axis motor driving extruder assembly；Or drive 3 sliding blocks vertically moved, 3 using 3 down-feed screws
Sliding block all with extruder assembly carry out hinge link, by algorithm (position coordinates of the Z-direction of 3 sliding blocks come determine extrusion
The 3-dimensional locus of machine assembly) and equally reach the purpose that three-D displacement is addressed.
Printhead temperature is higher, and according to the difference and the difference of modelling temperature of material, the temperature of printhead is relative
Also it is different.Typically covered in order to which appearance print platform the problems such as preventing printing objects alice is generally on heating, print platform
Adhesive paper is in order to the stripping of printout.
CONSTRUCTED SPECIFICATION is illustrated as：Extruder assembly is the part of the core of FDM rapid shaping techniques, most of using heating
Rod carries out indirect heating method to aluminium block, and plastic wire is squeezed into by the arrival end of extruder assembly, then is oriented to by trunnion, reaches
Aluminium block heats position, by fusing, into mentioned nozzle area, is finally extruded by extrusion nozzle, the plastic wire after thawing is subsequently entering
From nozzle extrusion in the presence of (piston) pressure of silk.Trunnion in extruder assembly, by stainless steel making, is to reduce it
Heat conductivility, stainless steel trunnion is also lined with Teflon inside some, is shouted because the total growth stage heating printing of extruder is caused in pipe
Portion's temperature rise, causes to expect to be also at molten condition in pipe, after printing cooling is stopped, material is just cohered in pipe, and next time is heavy
Sticking together material during new start printing, in pipe can not melt at once, trunnion lining Teflon inside putty phenomenon, trunnion is occurred, make larynx
Material sticks together all without melting in pipe, can substantially improve plug problem.While author radiation fin and fan outside extruder assembly,
The main temperature also for reduction trunnion top, prevents plug problem, or extruder assembly radiates.After heating fusing
Plastic wire be extruded into by nozzle on print platform, if in order to reduce plastics because occur temperature die-offs alice and shrink etc. it is bad
Phenomenon, author, which can make print platform in heating bed, bed, has thermistor to be connected with circuit board, to control the temperature for heating bed
Degree, in order to save cost of manufacture, author is just without using heating bed；All components of extruder assembly：Trunnion, heating aluminium body,
The part such as heating rod and temperature sensor.
Single crowded head is compared, and double crowded heads are fixed relative position using two extruder assembly arranged in parallel, due to having
Two shower nozzles, faster, printing effect is also higher for the print speed of double crowded heads, and double crowded heads are arranged on sliding block, by sliding block and guide rail
Connection, because its quality is bigger, the inertia produced during operation is bigger, also higher to the rigidity requirement of guide rail, can so reduce and beat
The precision of print.Nozzle diameter positioned at extruder assembly bottom shower nozzle has four types：0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm,
0.5mm, in the market it is most widely used be 0.4mm nozzle, the nozzle of different-diameter can be bought according to actual needs certainly, this
In be worth propose it is noted that select good nozzle diameter after, also will printing when software in set corresponding parameter, such as cut into slices
Printing floor height, print speed in software etc., make the quality and precision of printing higher.
Near-end wire feed is exactly to install extruder assembly on the print head, and material directly squeezes into trunnion by extruder assembly,
Melt to be sprayed by nozzle in aluminium block and print.This mounting means is moved due to extruder assembly together with printhead, printhead
Quality is big, and inertia is also big during printing, easily makes printing inaccurate, also higher to the rigidity requirement of guide rail using near-end wire feed.
And distal end wire feed is that extruder assembly is arranged on from extruder assembly position farther out, motor is typically mounted at printing machine frame
On frame, rather than on extruder assembly, compared with near-end wire feed, distal end wire feed needs high torque, could be by material
Material is squeezed into printhead.
The 3-dimensional mechanical system of the driving extruder addressing of current FDM-3D printers is divided into：Mechanical arm 3-dimensional displacement system,
Belt or the dimension of (X, Y-axis) 2 machine driving+(Z axis) Lifting carrying plateform system of leading screw driving, the driving of vertical 3 leading screw (are commonly called as：
Mode) use connecting rod connection extrusion machine platform drive system displacement etc.；Just this 3 kinds of mechanical types are subject to specifically below
It is bright：
Mechanical arm 3-dimensional displacement system：
The system is similar to the arm of the mankind, common in robot technology, couples rod component using joint, passes through
Rotate 3 even more joints just can transport directly to 3-dimensional locus by the spout of extruder, reach extruder space
The purpose of addressing.
Belt or dimension machine driving+(Z axis) Lifting carrying plateform system of plane 2 of leading screw driving：
Such a construction is most often led in FDM printers using 1 belt equivalent to compound translation member mode
Draw extruder assembly along X-axis, constitute the moving component of the carrying extruder assembly in 11 dimension x direction, and reuse in addition
2 synchronous belts carry above-mentioned 1 maintenance and operation dynamic component mass motion along the Y direction, the driving electricity of this structure Y direction
Machine carries bigger inertia mass than the motor of X-direction.
Another is orthogonal translation guide rail mode；It is to pass through carrying extruder assembly using 2 orthogonal elongate cylinders
Framework construction body and can slidably, 2 belts drive this direction translational of 2 elongate cylinders along X and Y respectively, can be with
Any position of X/Y plane is will be delivered to, the purpose of extruder space addressing, the motor of this structure Y direction is also reached
It is identical with the inertia mass that the motor of X-direction is carried.
Dynamics is evaluated：For the space of large scale, because the length of mechanical arm is larger, cause the radius of gyration
Larger, rotary inertia is just very big, will be so very restricted in terms of the acceleration of machinery addressing, speed.
The drive system displacement of the use connecting rod connection extrusion machine platform of vertical three leading screws driving：
The system is suitable for printing higher object, and 3 down-feed screws independently drive the 3 groups of connecting rods coupled with it by hinge
The end sliding block of connection so that the sliding block can along Z-direction independent translation, 3 hinges be forced to constrain and be maintained at all the time with
In horizontal plane in parallel plane, the other end (head end) of 3 groups of connecting rod connection is total also by 3 horizontal hinge shafts connection extruders
Into 3 hinges on extruder assembly are also remained in same level, and each group of the parallel of connecting rod is by parallel four side
The constraint of shape rule；The Z axis position of 3 hinges is so driven by 3 down-feed screws, it is possible to determine that any 3-dimensional of extruder is empty
Between position, the extrusion cavities of extruder remain vertical direction.
Dynamics is evaluated：The oeverall quality for extruding machine platform is smaller, comparatively speaking the situation dynamics inertial response
Ability is optimal, but precision is not easy to hold.
Circuit part includes：3D printer circuit part role in printer is control whole printing process association
Tune, orderly, complete operation.A kind of typical circuit part of FDM type 3D printers mainly includes the master controls of Arduino mega 2560
Plate, Ramps 1.4 expands plate and driving stepper motor plate.Basic parameter to them and effect below, makees following introduce.
The microcontroller of the master control borads of 2560 master control borad Arduino Mega of Arduino Mega 2560 is atmega2560, operating voltage
For 5V, digital I/O pins are 54, and simulation input pin is 16, and the DC current of each I/O pins is 50 milliamperes, master control
Plate is the brain of 3D printer, is responsible for the whole printer of control to complete specific action, such as prints specific file.Here
Do not welded to the diode that master control borad is powered it is to be appreciated that expanding version, that is, need individually to supply to the master control borads of mega 2560
Electricity, is powered directly using USB 5V or by power connection.Arduino is a convenient electronics of increasing income that is flexible, facilitating left-hand seat
Prototyping Platform, includes hardware (the Arduino plates of various models) and software (ArduinoIDE), the circuit diagram of its open source code
Design, program development interface free download, can also be changed according to individual demand, the need for it meets different crowd innovation intention.
, it is necessary to download Marl in firmwares in Arduino IDE before 3D printer operation, partial parameters in firmware are changed as needed
To meet the requirement of printing.Expand plate Ramps 1.4 to be inserted on master control borad, be connected by contact pin with master control borad, there is it to be for
Preferably it is attached and controls with other hardware, plays transit bridge beam action.Expanding plate needs to connect two 12V power supplys,
One of them is 11A, is powered for heating bed, another is 5A, is the power elements such as extruder, each spindle motor and fan, due to
Heating bed is not used in author, only using 12V, 5A power supply.Ramps 1.4, which is expanded on plate, fan output and heating
The LED of rod output indication, extruder assembly and each spindle motor by driving stepper motor plate A4988 by master control borad control, by
Use single-head printer in author, the motor interface of extruder assembly 2 is without installing A4988, positioned at the plate upper right corner is expanded, have X,
Y, Z-direction limit switch, origin when can control printer per task.A4988 driving stepper motor plates are for even
Stepper motor is connect, so as to realize control of the master control borad to stepper motor, the action of XYZ spindle motors and extruder assembly is realized.
The characteristics of A4988 driving stepper motor plates is that it only has simple stepping and direction controlling interface, there is 5 different stepping moulds
Formula：Entirely, half, 1/4,1/8 and 1/16, adjustable potentiometer can adjust maximum current output, so as to obtain higher step rate, have
Overheat closes circuit, under-voltage locking, the function of crossover current protection, and earthing short circuit protection and the work for loading short-circuit protection
With.
Software section is illustrated：Above author is it is known that 3D printer software section includes upper computer software and slave computer
Software two large divisions, and have subdivision per part, by the operation of software, author could realize that master control borad is set to print parameters
Put and control.The process of all software entire runs of one 3D printer is as follows：First, author needs three-dimensional on computers to build
The modeling of part is completed in mould software, such as Sol idworks, UG, 3D Max three-dimensional softwares have created 3D models later by text
Part saves as STL forms, and stl file is opened in Slice Software Sl ic3r, by a series of setting of printing, cut
Piece produces code, opens code on another upper computer software Pronterface, and connect the slave computer on mainboard, mainboard
Software is Marl in firmwares, carries out parameter setting in advance before operation, after successful connection, the LED on mainboard can flash, and treat
Heating tube is heated on printer, and temperature, which is risen to after design temperature, starts printing.Lower mask body introduces the software portion of printer
Point.Slave computer software Marl in firmwares are free software, can be used directly to do software development, and author is in 3D printer
During using Marl in firmwares, it is only necessary to downloaded firmware in Arduino IDE softwares, find in Marl in firmwares
Configuration.h files, can be according to the code content that correlation is changed the need for oneself, and the printer that author develops needs
Make following modification.
[content of the invention]
The purpose of the present invention is that to solve the above problems：
For large-scale FDM-3D printers, space is larger, and the quality of extruder assembly is tens or even hundreds of
Kilogram, any space addressing mode no matter is taken, its mechanical inertia is all very big, and driving needs very big power, and structure is quivered
It is dynamic huge, it is especially serious during high-speed filling, and for compound translation member type of drive：The X-axis component moved along Y-axis
The quality of whole kinematic system is much larger than extruder assembly, and X, Y-direction bear inconsistent, the acceleration of extruder assembly, speed
It will be very restricted, current acceleration is generally：Between 0 ﹒ 3G-0 ﹒ 5G；Although some improved designs often will feed
Motor is separated to mitigate extruder assembly weight；But the absolute mass of the moving component of heavy-duty machines is still very big, makes
The dynamic response ability of complete machine moral is obtained, speed is slow, and vibration deformation is serious；In order to ensure that system has enough response speeds
And on the premise of the factor such as precision and security, housing construction has to become very heavy, at present for shaping yardstick 2
For 4 meter of 15 meters of ﹒ of rice existing huge FDM printers machine, weight reaches 50 tons of weights unexpectedly, and acceleration is limited to below 0 ﹒ 2G；
Larger cost is not only increased, the lifting of shaping speed is still very difficult, if the inertia force number of 1 order of magnitude can be eliminated
Value, with regard to deformation of being trembled caused by several times can be mitigated, by the reduction for the weight that can bring more than 2 times, when accelerated energy increases to 0 ﹒
During more than 8G, print speed can reach more than 3 times of current technology.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions above-mentioned purpose:
In order to overcome prior art defect, the inventive method is divided into：The straight line counterweight method of FDM 3D printers：
There are 2 kinds of mechanical structure modes：Orthogonal translation guide rail type of drive and compound translation member type of drive：
In the case of the in-plane displancement of orthogonal translation guide rail type of drive；Consolidating outside the space of extruder assembly
Determine counterweight block assembly parallel with the direction of X-axis or Y-axis and that the direction of motion is opposite is installed on structure；Counterweight block assembly is included
Have：Inertia sliding block, guide rail and inertia sliding block traction end (need its traction end existing to connect in the case of without individual motor
X-axis and y-axis motor) or individual motor；The driving of inertia sliding block is to be driven using individual motor or compatible crowded using driving
Go out the X-axis and y-axis motor of machine assembly to drive；It is in the corresponding hitch structure of situation driven using individual motor：By leading screw,
Leading screw nurse trailer system or belt, belt pulley trailer system (are well-known routine techniques complete driving inertia sliding block
Means), gearratio is arbitrarily controlled by electric-control system；The feelings that compatibility is driven using the X-axis and Y-axis motor of extruder assembly
Condition hitch structure is：Existing belt, belt are used by the Synchronous Transmission leading screw of additional, leading screw nurse trailer system or compatibility
The belt section for taking turns the inverted running of trailer system coordinates to complete, what gearratio was fixed and determined by mechanical system；Will be sliding
When the belt section of block traction end and inverted running is attached, gearratio is equal to 1 (being well-known conventional technical means)；
The inertia sliding block of X-axis or Y-axis is synchronous with the component motion holding of the X-axis or Y direction of extruder assembly, direction of motion phase
Instead, X-axis inertia sliding block and Y-axis inertia sliding block want paired installation, and every a pair of quality sum will be equal to the matter of extruder assembly
Amount, and the quality of extruder assembly mainly includes：It is all that calandria, extrusion nozzle, trunnion and bearing carrier etc. are moved therewith
Part, bearing carrier is 1 part for being machined with orthogonal slide opening or slideway in this configuration；And homodromous inertia sliding block
The mass ratio of quality sum and extruder assembly be inversely proportional to the ratio of its own speed；Mechanical transmission system determines ratio
Size, in the case of being driven for individual motor, this ratio is determined by Electric Drive System completely, and is used for compatibility
In the case of X-axis and Y-axis the motor driving of extruder assembly, this ratio completely by mechanical transfer than design determine
, it is changeless；It so can guarantee that the matter of the mechanical system of whole machine under the conservation of momentum of horizontal direction, any state
The coordinate position of the upright projection at amount center keeps constant, and internal force is in the trend cancelled out each other, and is greatly reduced operation
The overall of machine shakes and rocked.
The quasi- principle of effect of original position：The adjustment of inertia sliding block and extruder assembly is with all in each autokinesis shape journey
Point midway is defined to lock the restraint location of inertia sliding block traction end and belt or leading screw nurse, such mistake in whole service
Cheng Zhong, each moving component can match activities in respective region.
In the case of the in-plane displancement of compound translation member type of drive：It is that matching somebody with somebody for X-direction is fixedly mounted on X-axis component
Pouring weight component, X-axis component is to include in this configuration：X-axis motor, bearing carrier, extruder assembly and extrusion nozzle, X-axis
Belt or leading screw, X-axis extruder assembly guide rail etc., thus y-axis motor will bear the load bigger than X-axis motor, it loads matter
Amount is equal to the quality sum of X-axis component and counterweight block assembly, is also equal to the total quality sum of Y-axis inertia sliding block (in speed transmission
In the case of equal to 1)；Because the yardstick of the Y-direction for the moving component for carrying extruder assembly is little, in counterweight block assembly
The guide rail of X-axis inertia sliding block and the guide rail of extruder assembly apart from close, thus X-axis inertia sliding block only need to unilateral install can
With, and in gearratio 1：In the case of 1, quality is identical in quality with extruder assembly；Counterweight block assembly includes：Inertia
Sliding block, guide rail and inertia sliding block traction end or individual motor；Counterweight block assembly in Y-direction is arranged on the motion of extruder assembly
On 2 sides and Y-axis parallel direction on fixation structure outside space.
Part is machined with the part of orthogonal slide opening or slideway；Other situations and shock absorption principle drive with above-mentioned orthogonal translation guide rail
Dynamic situation is essentially identical, no longer repeats (being well-known conventional technical means).
In order to obtain preferably momentum balance effect, the place horizontal plane of the guide rail of inertia sliding block and water where extrusion spout
It is small that the distance of plane to be tried one's best, more preferably less than extrude spout to shaped article platform ultimate range from 2 times within.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
Including orthogonal translation guide rail type of drive and compound translation member type of drive, in the space of extruder assembly
Outside fixation structure on counterweight block assembly is installed, the X-axis of its inertia sliding block and extruder assembly or the component of Y direction are transported
Dynamic to keep synchronous, the direction of motion is on the contrary, in gearratio 1：It is identical in quality with extruder assembly in the case of 1；In Y-direction
Counterweight block assembly is arranged in 2 sides and the Y-axis parallel direction on the fixation structure outside the space of extruder assembly, Y
The total gross mass of axle inertia sliding block, equal to the quality sum of X-axis component and counterweight block assembly, it is ensured that, whole machine under any state
The conservation of momentum of the horizontal direction of device, overcomes the dynamic response ability of large-scale FDM 3D printers complete machine, and speed is slow, shakes
Dynamic major defect.
[brief description of the drawings]
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, with regard to preferred embodiment, the invention will be further described：
The 3D printer structural representation of the straight line counterweight of Fig. 1 orthogonal translation guide rail modes.
Fig. 2 is combined the 3D printer structural representation of the straight line counterweight of translation member mode.
Label declaration：
(1), (2) X-axis inertia sliding block
(3), (4) Y-axis inertia sliding block
(5), (6) slide block guide rail
(7) inertia sliding block traction end
(8) X-axis synchronous belt
(9) Y-axis synchronous belt
(10) extruder assembly
(11) extrusion nozzle
(12) structure housing
(14) X-axis motor
(15) y-axis motor
(16) synchronizing shaft
(17) guide block
(18) X-axis extruder assembly guide rail
(19) Y-axis extruder assembly guide rail
(20) X-axis inertia sliding block
(21) X-axis slide block guide rail
(22), (23) Y-axis inertia sliding block
(24), (25) Y-axis slide block guide rail
(26) inertia sliding block traction end
(27) X-axis belt
(28), (29) Y-axis synchronous belt
(30) extruder assembly
(31) extrusion nozzle
(33) X-axis motor
(34) y-axis motor
(38) X-axis extruder assembly guide rail
(39) Y-axis bearing carrier guide rail
(40) bearing carrier
[implementation illustration]
As shown in Figure 1：
(16) synchronizing shaft
(17) guide block
X-axis inertia sliding block (1), (2) and Y-axis inertia sliding block (3), (4), 2 groups are fixedly mounted in structure housing (12)
Horizontal linear is slided sliding block under slide block guide rail (5), the constraint of (6) respectively；Inertia sliding block traction end (7) is connected to X-axis
In the counter motion section of synchronous belt (8) and Y-axis synchronous belt (9), under the driving of X-axis motor (14) and y-axis motor (15),
It is all to be moved along a straight line under the traction of belt in XOY horizontal planes；Another aspect extruder assembly (10) is total in X-axis extruder
Into under the common constraint of guide rail (18) and Y-axis extruder assembly guide rail (19), move in the horizontal plane；2 pieces of X-axis inertia sliding blocks
Quality is equal, its quality and the quality equal to extruder assembly (10), and 2 pieces of Y-axis inertia sliding block quality are also equal, its quality and
Equal to the quality of extruder assembly (10)；So under the synchronous driving of belt, the level of the mass centre of whole machine system
The projection in face direction keeps constant.(11) it is extrusion nozzle.
The quality of extruder assembly mainly includes：The institute that calandria, extrusion nozzle, trunnion and bearing structure etc. are moved therewith
There is part, be not drawn into figure.
As shown in Figure 2：X-axis component
2 Y-axis slide block guide rails (24), (25) and 2 pieces of Y-axis inertia sliding blocks (22) are fixedly mounted in structure housing,
(23)；Y-axis slide block guide rail (24), (25) are parallel with Y-axis bearing carrier guide rail (39) and almost at grade；X-axis slide block
Guide rail (21) is fixedly mounted on bearing carrier (40), and its direction is parallel with X-axis extruder assembly guide rail (38), and extruder is total
It is fixed on into (30), X-axis motor (33) and extrusion nozzle (31) on bearing carrier (40)；X-axis belt on bearing carrier (40)
(27) inverted running section middle part is fixedly connected with inertia sliding block traction end (26), and X-axis motor (33) driving X-axis belt (27) makes
X-axis inertia sliding block (20) the direction of motion with extruder assembly (30) on the contrary, and speed is equal；When X-axis inertia sliding block (20)
Quality it is equal with the quality of extruder assembly (30) when, complete momentum balance can be obtained in X-direction, internal force mutually be supported
Disappear, but couple can not be eliminated；Because X-axis slide block guide rail (21) and X-axis extruder assembly guide rail (38) are closer to the distance, the number of couple
Value is little.
Y-axis motor (34) driving Y-axis synchronous belt (28), (29), Y-axis synchronous belt (28), the inverted running section of (29)
Middle part and Y-axis inertia sliding block (22), the inertia sliding block traction end (26) of (23) is fixedly connected, and speed is equal；When Y-axis inertia is slided
Block (22), can be in Y side when the quality of (23) is equal to the 50% of the quality sum of bearing carrier (40) and extruder assembly (30)
To complete momentum balance is obtained, internal force is cancelled out each other.
The counterweight block assembly of X-direction is fixedly mounted on X-axis component, X-axis component is by X-axis motor, held in this configuration
Carry component, extruder assembly and extrusion nozzle, X-axis belt or leading screw, X-axis extruder assembly guide rail, X-axis slide block guide rail and X-axis
Inertia sliding block etc. is constituted；
The quality of extruder assembly mainly includes：The institute that calandria, extrusion nozzle, trunnion and bearing structure etc. are moved therewith
There is part, be not drawn into figure.
Claims (2)
- The straight line counterweight method of 1.FDM 3D printers：This method supports 2 kinds of mechanical structure modes, including the driving of orthogonal translation guide rail Mode and compound translation member type of drive, the structure division being related to mainly include：Feed mechanism, extruder assembly, delivery are squeezed Go out load carrier, guide rail, motor, belt or leading screw, article carrying platform, structure housing and the electronic control system of machine assembly；Extrusion The motion that machine assembly carries out 2 dimensions or 3-dimensional under the carrying of bearing carrier completes the process of successively fused deposition component object；It is special Levy and be that：Under orthogonal translation guide rail type of drive；Pacify on the fixation structure outside the space of extruder assembly Pouring weight component is assembled, counterweight block assembly includes：Inertia sliding block, guide rail and inertia sliding block traction end or individual motor；Inertia is slided The driving of block is to be driven by individual motor driving or compatibility by existing X-axis and y-axis motor；In the drive using individual motor Dynamic structure is that gearratio is arbitrarily by automatically controlled system using additional leading screw, leading screw nurse trailer system or belt, belt pulley trailer system Unite to control；And the hitch structure in the case of compatible X-axis and Y-axis motor driving using extruder assembly is：By extra Additional Synchronous Transmission leading screw, leading screw nurse trailer system or compatibility uses existing belt, the reverse fortune of belt pulley trailer system Capable belt section is come what is completed, and what gearratio was fixed and determined by mechanical system, be by sliding block traction end and inverted running Belt section is attached, and gearratio is equal to 1；The inertia sliding block of X-axis or Y-axis will be with the X-axis of extruder assembly or Y direction Component motion keeps synchronous, and the direction of motion is on the contrary, X-axis inertia sliding block and Y-axis inertia sliding block want paired installation, and extruder is total Into quality mainly include：Calandria, extrusion nozzle, trunnion and bearing carrier, in the machinery of orthogonal translation guide rail type of drive Bearing carrier is the part for being machined with orthogonal slide opening or slideway in construction；And the quality sum of homodromous inertia sliding block with The mass ratio of extruder assembly is inversely proportional to the ratio of its movement velocity；Mechanical transmission system determines ratio size, for only It is vertical it is motor-driven in the case of, this ratio is determined by Electric Drive System completely, and for compatible use extruder assembly X-axis and Y-axis motor driving in the case of, this ratio completely by mechanical transfer than design come what is determined, be fixed Constant；The quasi- principle of effect of original position：The adjustment of inertia sliding block and extruder assembly is with all in each autokinesis shape journey Point midway is defined to lock inertia sliding block traction end and belt or the restraint location of leading screw nurse；And in the driving of compound translation member In the case of the in-plane displancement of mode；It is the counterweight block assembly that X-direction is fixedly mounted on X-axis component, counterweight block assembly includes： X-axis inertia sliding block, guide rail and inertia sliding block traction end or individual motor；X-axis component includes in this configuration：X-axis motor, hold Carry component, extruder assembly and extrusion nozzle, X-axis belt or leading screw, X-axis extruder assembly guide rail；X-axis inertia sliding block installs X On shaft component, and quality is in gearratio 1：It is identical in quality with extruder assembly in the case of 1；Balancing weight group in Y-direction Part is arranged in 2 sides and the Y-axis parallel direction on the fixation structure outside the space of extruder assembly, in speed transmission In the case of equal to 1, the total gross mass of Y-axis inertia sliding block, equal to the quality sum of X-axis component and counterweight block assembly；In order to Preferably momentum balance effect is obtained, the place horizontal plane of the guide rail of inertia sliding block and the distance of horizontal plane where extrusion spout will As far as possible small, more preferably less than extrude spout to shaped article platform ultimate range from 2 times within.
- 2. the FDM 3D printers of straight line counterweight method：2 kinds of mechanical structure modes, including orthogonal translation guide rail type of drive and compound Translation member type of drive, the structure division being related to mainly includes：Feed mechanism, extruder assembly, delivery extruder assembly Load carrier, guide rail, motor, belt or leading screw, article carrying platform, structure housing and electronic control system；Extruder assembly is being held The motion for carrying the dimension of progress 2 or 3-dimensional under the carrying of component completes the process of successively fused deposition component object；Its feature is that： The straight line counterweight method and counterweight block assembly of FDM 3D printers are used.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2016102621867 | 2016-04-23 | ||
| CN201610262186 | 2016-04-23 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107303726A true CN107303726A (en) | 2017-10-31 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201710226172.4A Pending CN107303726A (en) | 2016-04-23 | 2017-04-08 | The straight line counterweight method and its printer of FDM3D printer |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110421844A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-11-08 | 华育昌(肇庆)智能科技研究有限公司 | High-precision double end 3D printer |
| EP3640008A1 (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2020-04-22 | Basf Se | 3d printer, in which a movable mechanism is used to reduce vibrations |
| CN111745966A (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2020-10-09 | 哈尔滨坤程科技有限公司 | Prevent stifled carbon fiber 3D and print |
| CN113199758A (en) * | 2021-06-04 | 2021-08-03 | 边列峰 | 3D print head drive structure |
| CN114193770A (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-03-18 | 深圳市宏昌盛精密塑胶模具有限公司 | Plastic product molding process |
| CN115583019A (en) * | 2022-10-13 | 2023-01-10 | 济南至简电子科技有限公司 | 3D printer |
| CN115717300A (en) * | 2022-12-10 | 2023-02-28 | 深圳市星火数控技术有限公司 | A fully automatic template machine and intermittent motion shock absorption method |
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2017
- 2017-04-08 CN CN201710226172.4A patent/CN107303726A/en active Pending
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3640008A1 (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2020-04-22 | Basf Se | 3d printer, in which a movable mechanism is used to reduce vibrations |
| CN110421844A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-11-08 | 华育昌(肇庆)智能科技研究有限公司 | High-precision double end 3D printer |
| CN111745966A (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2020-10-09 | 哈尔滨坤程科技有限公司 | Prevent stifled carbon fiber 3D and print |
| CN111745966B (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2022-05-24 | 深圳市富源盛电子科技有限公司 | Prevent stifled carbon fiber 3D and print |
| CN113199758A (en) * | 2021-06-04 | 2021-08-03 | 边列峰 | 3D print head drive structure |
| CN114193770A (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-03-18 | 深圳市宏昌盛精密塑胶模具有限公司 | Plastic product molding process |
| CN115583019A (en) * | 2022-10-13 | 2023-01-10 | 济南至简电子科技有限公司 | 3D printer |
| CN115717300A (en) * | 2022-12-10 | 2023-02-28 | 深圳市星火数控技术有限公司 | A fully automatic template machine and intermittent motion shock absorption method |
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Application publication date: 20171031 |