CN106680730A - Power charging and discharging device capable of detecting the state of charge and the detection method for the state of charge - Google Patents
Power charging and discharging device capable of detecting the state of charge and the detection method for the state of charge Download PDFInfo
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 127
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 195
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 195
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000011088 calibration curve Methods 0.000 claims description 74
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010606 normalization Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 206010000210 abortion Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 15
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013528 artificial neural network Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010277 constant-current charging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/392—Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
- G01R31/387—Determining ampere-hour charge capacity or SoC
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The invention discloses a power charging and discharging device capable of detecting the state of charge and the detection method for the state of charge, which are used to detect the state of charge of a lithium battery and to perform power charging and discharging to the lithium battery. The device comprises a detection system in connection with the lithium battery to detect the state of charge of the lithium battery to form a state signal; and a battery management system in connection with the lithium battery to perform power charging and discharging to the lithium battery wherein the battery management system is also connected with the detection system and starts or aborts power charging or power discharging to the lithium battery according to the state signal. The advantages and the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: highly sensitive, easy to realize and low in price. In addition to detecting the state of charge of the lithium battery accurately, the device can more accurately control the battery management system to start or abort the power charging or power discharging to the lithium battery, therefore, increasing the production efficiency or the detection efficiency of an enterprise.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage, in particular to a charge and discharge device capable of detecting a charge state and a charge state detection method.
Background
The development of the energy storage technology plays an important role in applications of small-sized terminal consumer products such as electric vehicles, unmanned planes, smart phones and smart watches, large-sized terminal consumer products such as communication base stations, distributed micro-grids and renewable energy power generation systems. The minimum energy storage unit of the energy storage technology is a battery, and a lithium battery in a current common energy storage battery has the advantages of high energy density, long service life, stable work and the like, so that the current energy storage battery is the mainstream choice.
For an intelligent electric device, the battery state control and monitoring capability should be perfect, that is, a necessary battery management system should be equipped to realize the optimized operation and safety management of the battery. The state of charge is used as a state quantity for representing the residual capacity of the battery, the accurate estimation is one of the most core technologies in a battery management system and is also the basis for controlling the energy balance of a battery energy storage system, and the accurate estimation not only can effectively prevent overcharge and overdischarge, but also is the main basis for reasonable use and effective maintenance of the battery.
However, the state of charge of the battery is not a physical quantity that can be directly measured by an instrument, but can be indirectly estimated by measuring other physical quantities. Currently, the measurement of the state of charge of the lithium ion battery is mainly divided into an off-line mode and an on-line mode.
In the off-line mode, the battery is usually disconnected from the working circuit, the battery is discharged by using a constant current until the discharge is finished, and the state of charge of the battery is known by counting the discharge amount. Although the method can accurately know the state of charge of the battery, the method has the defects that the battery cannot work outwards in the implementation process; the end of the test means that the battery is exhausted; measuring the time consumption; the method has the defects that professional expensive equipment is needed for accurate constant-current charging and discharging, and the like, so that the method is only suitable for the capacity calibration process under laboratory conditions or when the battery leaves a factory in a factory.
In the practical application process, the measurement of the state of charge of the battery in the online mode is significant, and the current measurement methods of the state of charge of the battery in the online mode mainly include a voltage method, an internal resistance method, a current integration method, a Kalman filtering method, a neural network method and the like.
The voltage method is realized by utilizing the rule that the battery voltage changes along with the charge state monotonously under different electric quantities. And converting the voltage value into the charge state of the battery by comparing with the known charge-discharge voltage charge state curve. However, unlike conventional batteries such as lead-acid batteries and nickel-metal hydride storage batteries, a charge and discharge platform with stable voltage exists in the charge and discharge process of lithium ion batteries, and within the range of the platform, the amplitude of the voltage of the battery changing along with the charge state of the battery is very small, and meanwhile, the voltage of the lithium ion battery is greatly influenced by current, temperature and service life. This results in a very large error in the results obtained from measuring the state of charge of the lithium ion battery by a change in voltage. Although the voltage method can improve the accuracy by introducing current, temperature correction coefficient and the like, the accuracy is still not high.
The current integration method is also called ampere-hour integration method, and the principle of the method is to measure the current of the battery at every moment during the operation, calculate the variation of the charge quantity of the battery by integrating the current with time, and obtain the current charge state by combining the initially calibrated charge state. Compared with a voltage method, the battery charge state obtained by the method is not influenced by current and temperature. However, this method has many disadvantages, and firstly, this method has no correction function for the initial error, and has high requirement for the accuracy of the initial calibration value; secondly, the method needs a high-precision current sensor, so that the measurement cost is greatly increased; moreover, this method lacks a reference point, and cannot measure the capacity fade of the battery due to self-discharge; moreover, since the battery charging efficiency is not 100%, there is a difference between the variation of the integrated charge amount and the variation of the actual charge amount of the battery; meanwhile, the error of the method is cumulative and gradually increases along with the increase of time. Therefore, the current integration method is generally used in combination with other methods, and needs to be calibrated periodically.
The internal resistance of the battery is divided into alternating current internal resistance and direct current internal resistance, and the alternating current internal resistance and the direct current internal resistance are closely related to the charge state of the battery. The internal resistance method utilizes the change rule of the internal resistance of the battery and the charge state of the battery to predict the charge state of the battery. For example, in the later discharge period of the lead storage battery, the direct-current internal resistance is obviously increased, and the direct-current internal resistance can be used for estimating the charge state of the battery; however, the change rule of the direct current internal resistance of the lithium ion battery is different from that of the lead storage battery, the change is not obvious, and the application is less.
The kalman filtering method and the neural network method are not the same as the measurement method, but are data processing methods, and the essence of the method is to measure the electrical information such as the voltage, the current, the internal resistance and the like of the battery, and then estimate the state of charge of the battery more accurately by a complex mathematical processing method. On one hand, the methods need complex circuits to implement, and on the other hand, the methods are influenced by the accuracy of information measurement such as voltage, current, internal resistance and the like.
Generally speaking, the current measurement method for the state of charge of the battery is mainly based on the change of electrical parameters of the battery, and the state of charge of the battery is indirectly obtained by measuring the voltage, the current and the internal resistance of the battery or integrating the current of the battery. On one hand, however, the influence factors of the electrical parameters of the battery are complex, and the state of charge of the battery is closely related to a plurality of influence factors and has strong nonlinear relation; on the other hand, the characteristic that the lithium ion battery has a stable charging and discharging platform causes that the change relation between the voltage of the lithium ion battery and the charge state of the battery is not obvious. Therefore, the traditional charge state measurement method cannot obtain a reliable result, and how to accurately measure the charge state of the lithium ion battery is an international problem.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a charge/discharge device capable of detecting a state of charge and a method for detecting a state of charge. According to the technical scheme, the state of charge and the state of health are measured through other battery characteristic parameters except electrical parameters, so that the method has important significance for improving the measurement precision of the state of charge and timely prompting the state of health. In the process of charging and discharging of the lithium battery, physical parameters such as components, density, crystal structure domain and the like of positive and negative active materials of the battery change along with the change of a charge state, and acoustic parameters of the positive and negative active materials change along with the change of the charge state;
therefore, according to the technical scheme, the calibration curve is formulated by the detection system, the curve set is made by the calibration curves with different temperature marks, the temperature of the lithium battery is detected by the temperature detection device, the calibration curve matched with the temperature of the lithium battery is selected from the curve set, the energy data of information ultrasonic waves is obtained by the ultrasonic detection device and is brought into the calibration curve to determine the charge state of the lithium battery, and the method has the characteristics of high sensitivity, simplicity in implementation, low cost and the like, can accurately detect the charge state of the lithium battery, further accurately controls the battery management system to start or stop charging or discharging the lithium battery, and improves the production efficiency or detection efficiency of enterprises.
The invention relates to a charge and discharge device capable of detecting a charge state, which is used for detecting the charge state of a lithium battery and charging and discharging the lithium battery, and comprises the following components:
the detection system is connected with the lithium battery and is used for detecting the charge state of the lithium battery and forming a state signal;
and the battery management system is connected with the lithium battery and used for charging or discharging the lithium battery, is also connected with the detection system, and starts or stops charging or discharging the lithium battery according to the state signal.
In the above scheme, the detection system comprises an ultrasonic detection device, a temperature detection device and a computer;
the ultrasonic detection device is connected with the lithium battery and detects the lithium battery by utilizing ultrasonic waves to form an ultrasonic digital signal; the temperature detection device is connected with the lithium battery, detects the temperature of the lithium battery and forms a temperature digital signal;
the computer is respectively connected with the ultrasonic detection device and the temperature detection device, a curve set formed by a plurality of calibration curves is arranged in the computer, the computer selects a matched calibration curve from the curve set according to the temperature digital signal, and the computer compares the ultrasonic digital signal with the calibration curve to determine the measured value of the state of charge of the lithium battery.
In the above scheme, the battery management system is connected to the computer, the computer transmits the measured value of the state of charge of the lithium battery to the battery management system, and the battery management system charges or discharges the lithium battery according to the measured value of the state of charge.
In the above scheme, the temperature detection device includes a temperature sensor and a temperature analog-to-digital converter, the temperature sensor is connected with the lithium battery, the temperature analog-to-digital converter is connected with the temperature sensor, and the temperature analog-to-digital converter is connected with the computer;
the temperature sensor senses the temperature of the lithium battery and transmits a temperature signal to the temperature analog-to-digital converter, the temperature analog-to-digital converter converts the temperature signal into a temperature digital signal and transmits the temperature digital signal to the computer, and the computer selects a matched calibration curve from the curve set according to the temperature digital signal.
In the above scheme, the ultrasonic detection device comprises an ultrasonic transmitting probe, an ultrasonic receiving probe, an ultrasonic transmitting receiver and an energy integrator;
the ultrasonic transmitting probe and the ultrasonic receiving probe are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the lithium battery and are respectively connected with the lithium battery;
the ultrasonic transmitting probe and the ultrasonic receiving probe are respectively connected with the ultrasonic transmitting receiver;
the ultrasonic transmitting and receiving device is connected with the energy integrator, the ultrasonic transmitting and receiving device outputs detection ultrasonic waves to the lithium battery through the ultrasonic transmitting probe, the detection ultrasonic waves penetrate through the lithium battery to form information ultrasonic waves, the information ultrasonic waves are transmitted back to the ultrasonic transmitting and receiving device through the ultrasonic receiving probe, and the ultrasonic transmitting and receiving device transmits the information ultrasonic waves to the energy integrator.
In the above scheme, the energy integrator is connected to the computer, the energy integrator performs integral conversion on the information ultrasonic wave, converts the information ultrasonic wave into an ultrasonic digital signal, and transmits the ultrasonic digital signal to the computer, and the computer compares the ultrasonic digital signal with the calibration curve to determine the measured value of the state of charge of the lithium battery.
A method for detecting the state of charge of a lithium battery comprises the following steps:
s1, initializing a detection device: making a calibration curve and a curve set, wherein the calibration curve comprises a charging calibration curve and a discharging calibration curve;
s11, manufacturing a charging calibration curve: placing a lithium battery on an experimental line, operating a battery management system to charge the lithium battery from an empty state to a saturated state, operating a computer to output detection ultrasonic waves to the lithium battery at the same temperature through an ultrasonic detection device, wherein the detection ultrasonic waves form information ultrasonic waves through the lithium battery; the computer carries out normalization fitting processing on the charging current data of the lithium battery and the signal energy data of the information ultrasonic wave, and a charging calibration curve is made;
s12, manufacturing a discharge calibration curve: placing a lithium battery on an experimental line, operating a battery management system to place the lithium battery in an empty state from a saturated state, operating a computer to output detection ultrasonic waves to the lithium battery at the same temperature through an ultrasonic detection device, wherein the detection ultrasonic waves form information ultrasonic waves through the lithium battery; the computer carries out normalization fitting processing on the discharge current data of the lithium battery and the signal energy data of the information ultrasonic wave and prepares a discharge calibration curve;
s13, curve set making: operating the computer to repeat the steps of S11 and S12 at different temperatures by the ultrasonic detection device to form a plurality of charging calibration curves and discharging calibration curves with temperature marks; making a plurality of calibration curves into a curve set and embedding the curve set into the computer;
s2, lithium battery detection:
s21, detection preparation: connecting the computer with a battery management system, wherein a lithium battery connected with the battery management system is arranged on a detection line, and the battery management system charges or discharges the lithium battery;
s22, temperature detection: the computer senses the lithium battery on the detection line through a temperature detection device for temperature detection, and the temperature detection device converts the temperature of the lithium battery into a temperature digital signal and transmits the temperature digital signal to the computer;
s23, ultrasonic detection: the computer outputs detection ultrasonic waves to the lithium battery on the detection line through an ultrasonic detection device, the detection ultrasonic waves penetrate through the lithium battery to form information ultrasonic waves which are transmitted back to the ultrasonic detection device, the ultrasonic detection device converts the information ultrasonic waves into ultrasonic digital signals after integral conversion, and the ultrasonic digital signals contain energy data of the information ultrasonic waves;
s24, state of charge analysis: and the computer selects a calibration curve matched with the temperature of the lithium battery from the set curve according to the temperature digital signal, acquires the energy data of the information ultrasonic wave according to the ultrasonic digital signal, and brings the energy data of the information ultrasonic wave into the calibration curve to acquire the state of charge of the lithium battery.
In the foregoing solution, in S11 and S12, the computer normalizes current data at each time point in a process of discharging the lithium battery from an empty state to a saturated state or from the saturated state to the empty state, and signal energy data of the information ultrasonic wave corresponding to each time point, and fits the signal energy data of the information ultrasonic wave after the normalization processing to form a charging calibration curve or a discharging calibration curve;
in S13, the computer repeats the steps of S11 and S12 at different temperatures by the ultrasonic testing device to make a set of curves and embeds the set of curves into the computer.
In the above scheme, the method further comprises the following steps: s3, charge and discharge control: the computer judges whether the lithium battery is in a saturated state, a non-saturated state or an overcharged state according to the state of charge of the lithium battery, and outputs a state signal to the battery management system, and the battery management system starts or stops charging or discharging the lithium battery according to the state signal.
In the foregoing solution, in S3, the state signal includes a saturation signal, a predicted value of the remaining power, and an overcharge signal;
if the lithium battery is in a saturated state, the computer outputs a saturation signal to the battery management system, and the battery management system stops charging or discharging the lithium battery according to the saturation signal;
if the lithium battery is in an unsaturated state, the computer outputs a predicted value of the residual electric quantity to the battery management system according to the state of charge of the lithium battery, and the battery management system charges the lithium battery according to the predicted value of the residual electric quantity and determines charging current or charging time;
and if the lithium battery is in an overcharged state, the computer outputs an overshoot signal to the battery management system, and the battery management system discharges to the lithium battery according to the overcharge signal.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that: the invention provides a charge and discharge device capable of detecting a charge state and a charge state detection method. In the process of charging and discharging of the lithium battery, physical parameters such as components, density, crystal structure domain and the like of positive and negative active materials of the battery change along with the change of a charge state, and acoustic parameters of the positive and negative active materials change along with the change of the charge state; the calibration curve is formulated, the curve set is made by the calibration curves with different temperature marks, the temperature of the lithium battery is detected by using the temperature detection device, the calibration curve matched with the temperature of the lithium battery is selected from the curve set, the ultrasonic energy data is obtained by using the ultrasonic detection device and is brought into the calibration curve to determine the charge state of the lithium battery, and the method has the characteristics of high sensitivity, simplicity in implementation, low cost and the like, the charge state of the lithium battery can be accurately detected, so that the battery management system is controlled to start or stop charging or discharging the lithium battery more accurately, and the production efficiency or the detection efficiency of an enterprise is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a charge/discharge device capable of detecting a state of charge according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for detecting a state of charge according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a waveform diagram of information ultrasonic wave in a method for detecting a state of charge according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a scatter diagram of current data at each time point in a process of discharging a lithium battery from an empty state to a saturated state and from the saturated state to the empty state, and signal energy data of information ultrasonic waves corresponding to each time point in the method for detecting a state of charge according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a scattergram after normalization of the signal energy data of the informational ultrasound of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a graph of a charging calibration curve in a method for detecting a state of charge according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a graph of a discharge calibration curve in a method for detecting a state of charge according to the present invention;
fig. 8 is a comparison graph of a charging calibration curve, a discharging calibration curve, and a curve of a charging voltage and a discharging voltage of a lithium battery by a battery management system in the method for detecting a state of charge according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. lithium battery 2, detection system 3 and battery management system
21. Ultrasonic detection device 22, temperature detection device 23, and computer
211. Ultrasonic transmitting probe 212 and ultrasonic receiving probe
213. Ultrasonic transmitter-receiver 214, energy integrator
221. Temperature sensor 222 and temperature analog-to-digital converter
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention is a charge and discharge device capable of detecting a state of charge, for detecting the state of charge of a lithium battery 1 and charging and discharging the lithium battery 1, including:
the detection system 2 is connected with the lithium battery 1 and used for detecting the charge state of the lithium battery 1 and forming a state signal;
and the battery management system 3 is connected with the lithium battery 1 and used for charging or discharging the lithium battery 1, and the battery management system 3 is also connected with the detection system 2 and starts or stops charging or discharging the lithium battery 1 according to the state signal.
Specifically, the detection system 2 includes an ultrasonic detection device 21, a temperature detection device 22 and a computer 23;
the ultrasonic detection device 21 is connected with the lithium battery 1 and detects the lithium battery 1 by utilizing ultrasonic waves to form an ultrasonic digital signal; the temperature detection device 22 is connected with the lithium battery 1 and detects the temperature of the lithium battery 1 and forms a temperature digital signal;
the computer 23 is respectively connected with the ultrasonic detection device 21 and the temperature detection device 22, a curve set formed by a plurality of calibration curves is arranged in the computer 23, the computer 23 selects a matched calibration curve from the curve set according to the temperature digital signal, and the computer 23 compares the ultrasonic digital signal with the calibration curve to determine the measured value of the state of charge of the lithium battery 1.
Preferably, the battery management system 3 is connected to the computer 23, the computer 23 transmits the measured value of the state of charge of the lithium battery 1 to the battery management system 3, and the battery management system 3 charges or discharges the lithium battery 1 according to the measured value of the state of charge.
Further, the temperature detection device 22 includes a temperature sensor 221 and a temperature analog-to-digital converter 222, the temperature sensor 221 is connected with the lithium battery 1, the temperature analog-to-digital converter 222 is connected with the temperature sensor 221, and the temperature analog-to-digital converter 222 is connected with the computer 23; wherein the measurement range of the temperature sensor 221 is-20 ℃ to 80 ℃;
the temperature sensor 221 senses the temperature of the lithium battery 1 and transmits a temperature signal to the temperature analog-to-digital converter 222, the temperature analog-to-digital converter 222 converts the temperature signal into a temperature digital signal and transmits the temperature digital signal to the computer 23, and the computer 23 selects a matched calibration curve from the curve set according to the temperature digital signal.
Preferably, the temperature sensor 221 is attached to the outside of the heat conductive packaging layer of the lithium battery 1, and senses the internal temperature change of the lithium battery 1.
Further, the ultrasonic detection device 21 includes an ultrasonic transmission probe 211, an ultrasonic reception probe 212, an ultrasonic transmission receiver 213, and an energy integrator 214;
the ultrasonic transmitting probe 211 and the ultrasonic receiving probe 212 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the lithium battery 1 and are respectively connected with the lithium battery 1;
the ultrasonic transmitting probe 211 and the ultrasonic receiving probe 212 are respectively connected with an ultrasonic transmitting receiver 213;
the ultrasonic wave transmitting and receiving device 213 is connected with the energy integrator 214, the ultrasonic wave transmitting and receiving device 213 outputs detection ultrasonic waves to the lithium battery 1 through the ultrasonic wave transmitting probe 211, the detection ultrasonic waves pass through the lithium battery 1 to form information ultrasonic waves, the information ultrasonic waves are transmitted back to the ultrasonic wave transmitting and receiving device 213 through the ultrasonic wave receiving probe 212, and the ultrasonic wave transmitting and receiving device 213 transmits the information ultrasonic waves to the energy integrator 214.
Preferably, the ultrasonic transmitting probe 211 and the ultrasonic receiving probe 212 are attached to both sides of the lithium battery 1;
preferably, the ultrasonic transceiver 213 is a pulse type ultrasonic transceiver 213, and the ultrasonic transceiver 213 can transmit a voltage pulse matched with the center frequency of the ultrasonic transmitting probe 211 to excite the ultrasonic transmitting probe 211 to output a detection ultrasonic wave; the ultrasonic wave transmitter-receiver 213 further has a filter circuit for filtering and amplifying the information ultrasonic wave, and then transmits the information ultrasonic wave filtered and amplified by the filter circuit to the energy integrator 214.
Further, the energy integrator 214 is connected to the computer 23, the energy integrator 214 performs integral conversion on the information ultrasonic wave, and converts the information ultrasonic wave into an ultrasonic digital signal to be transmitted to the computer 23, and the computer 23 compares the ultrasonic digital signal with the calibration curve to determine the measured value of the state of charge of the lithium battery 1.
Preferably, the detection system 2 can detect the charge states of the multiple groups of lithium batteries 1 and respectively form state signals for each lithium battery 1; the battery management system 3 can respectively charge or discharge the plurality of lithium batteries 1 according to the status signals.
Preferably, the computer 23 is connected to the battery management system 3 by wire or wirelessly.
As shown in fig. 2 to 8, a method for detecting a state of charge of a lithium battery 1 includes the following steps:
s1, initializing a detection device: making a calibration curve and a curve set, wherein the calibration curve comprises a charging calibration curve and a discharging calibration curve;
s11, manufacturing a charging calibration curve: placing the lithium battery 1 on an experimental line, operating the battery management system 3 to charge the lithium battery 1 from an empty state to a saturated state, operating the computer 23 to output detection ultrasonic waves to the lithium battery 1 through the ultrasonic detection device 21 at the same temperature, and forming information ultrasonic waves by the detection ultrasonic waves through the lithium battery 1; the computer 23 normalizes the charging current data of the lithium battery 1 and the signal energy data of the information ultrasonic wave, and makes a charging calibration curve;
s12, manufacturing a discharge calibration curve: placing the lithium battery 1 on an experimental line, operating the battery management system 3 to place the lithium battery 1 in an empty state from a saturated state, operating the computer 23 to output detection ultrasonic waves to the lithium battery 1 through the ultrasonic detection device 21 at the same temperature, and forming information ultrasonic waves by the detection ultrasonic waves through the lithium battery 1; the computer 23 normalizes the discharge current data of the lithium battery 1 and the signal energy data of the information ultrasonic wave, and makes a discharge calibration curve;
s13, curve set making: operating the computer 23 to repeat the steps of S11 and S12 at different temperatures by the ultrasonic detection device 21 to form a plurality of charging calibration curves and discharging calibration curves with temperature marks; making a plurality of calibration curves into a curve set and embedding the curve set into the computer 23;
s2, lithium battery detection:
s21, detection preparation: connecting a computer 23 with a battery management system 3, wherein a lithium battery 1 connected with the battery management system 3 is arranged on a detection line, and the battery management system 3 charges or discharges the lithium battery 1;
s22, temperature detection: the computer 23 senses the lithium battery 1 on the detection line through the temperature detection device 22 to detect the temperature, and the temperature detection device 22 converts the temperature of the lithium battery 1 into a temperature digital signal and transmits the temperature digital signal to the computer 23; wherein,
s23, ultrasonic detection: the computer 23 outputs detection ultrasonic waves to the lithium battery 1 on the detection line through the ultrasonic detection device 21, the detection ultrasonic waves penetrate through the lithium battery 1 to form information ultrasonic waves which are transmitted back to the ultrasonic detection device 21, the ultrasonic detection device 21 converts the information ultrasonic waves into ultrasonic digital signals after integral conversion, and the ultrasonic digital signals contain energy data of the information ultrasonic waves; wherein the range of the detection ultrasonic wave is 100K-10 MHz;
s24, state of charge analysis: the computer 23 selects a calibration curve matched with the temperature of the lithium battery 1 from the set curve according to the temperature digital signal, the computer 23 obtains the energy data of the information ultrasonic wave according to the ultrasonic digital signal, and the computer 23 brings the energy data of the information ultrasonic wave into the calibration curve to obtain the state of charge of the lithium battery 1.
Further, the computer 23 may bring the energy data of the information ultrasonic wave into the charge calibration curve or the discharge calibration curve according to whether the battery management system 3 is in the charge state or the discharge state, so as to accurately obtain the charge state of the lithium battery 1.
Specifically, the computer 23 normalizes the current data of each time point in the process of discharging the lithium battery 1 from the empty state to the saturated state or from the saturated state to the empty state and the signal energy data of the information ultrasonic wave corresponding to each time point, and fits the signal energy data of the information ultrasonic wave after the normalization processing to form a charging calibration curve or a discharging calibration curve;
at S13, the computer 23 repeats the steps of S11 and S12 at different temperatures by the ultrasonic inspection device 21 to make a set of curves and embed the set into the computer 23.
Further, the method also comprises the following steps: s3, charge and discharge control: the computer 23 determines whether the lithium battery 1 is in a saturated state, a non-saturated state or an overcharged state according to the state of charge of the lithium battery 1, and outputs a state signal to the battery management system 3, and the battery management system 3 starts or stops charging or discharging the lithium battery 1 according to the state signal.
Further, in S3, the state signal includes a saturation signal, a predicted value of the remaining power, and an overcharge signal;
if the lithium battery 1 is in a saturated state, the computer 23 outputs a saturation signal to the battery management system 3, and the battery management system 3 stops charging or discharging the lithium battery 1 according to the saturation signal;
if the lithium battery 1 is in the unsaturated state, the computer 23 outputs a predicted value of the remaining electric quantity to the battery management system 3 according to the state of charge of the lithium battery 1, and the battery management system 3 charges the lithium battery 1 according to the predicted value of the remaining electric quantity and determines the charging current or the charging time;
if the lithium battery 1 is in the overcharged state, the computer 23 outputs an overshoot signal to the battery management system 3, and the battery management system 3 discharges to the lithium battery 1 according to the overcharge signal.
Further, the computer 23 outputs the predicted values of the remaining electric quantities of the plurality of lithium batteries 1 to the battery management system 3, the battery management system 3 determines the charge state of each lithium battery 1 according to the predicted values of the remaining electric quantities of each lithium battery 1, the battery management system 3 determines the charging current or the charging time of each lithium battery 1 according to the charge state of each lithium battery 1, and predicts the total remaining service time of a battery pack composed of the plurality of lithium batteries 1, so as to prolong the service life of each lithium battery 1 and improve the energy utilization rate of the battery management system 3.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a charge-discharge device of detectable state of charge for detect the state of charge of lithium cell, and right lithium cell charge-discharge, its characterized in that includes:
the detection system is connected with the lithium battery and is used for detecting the charge state of the lithium battery and forming a state signal;
and the battery management system is connected with the lithium battery and used for charging or discharging the lithium battery, is also connected with the detection system, and starts or stops charging or discharging the lithium battery according to the state signal.
2. The charging and discharging device capable of detecting the state of charge according to claim 1, wherein the detection system comprises an ultrasonic detection device, a temperature detection device and a computer;
the ultrasonic detection device is connected with the lithium battery and detects the lithium battery by utilizing ultrasonic waves to form an ultrasonic digital signal; the temperature detection device is connected with the lithium battery, detects the temperature of the lithium battery and forms a temperature digital signal;
the computer is respectively connected with the ultrasonic detection device and the temperature detection device, a curve set formed by a plurality of calibration curves is arranged in the computer, the computer selects a matched calibration curve from the curve set according to the temperature digital signal, and the computer compares the ultrasonic digital signal with the calibration curve to determine the measured value of the state of charge of the lithium battery.
3. The charging and discharging device capable of detecting the state of charge according to claim 2, wherein the battery management system is connected to the computer, the computer transmits the measured value of the state of charge of the lithium battery to the battery management system, and the battery management system charges or discharges the lithium battery according to the measured value of the state of charge.
4. The charging and discharging device capable of detecting the state of charge according to claim 2, wherein the temperature detecting device comprises a temperature sensor and a temperature analog-to-digital converter, the temperature sensor is connected with the lithium battery, the temperature analog-to-digital converter is connected with the temperature sensor, and the temperature analog-to-digital converter is connected with the computer;
the temperature sensor senses the temperature of the lithium battery and transmits a temperature signal to the temperature analog-to-digital converter, the temperature analog-to-digital converter converts the temperature signal into a temperature digital signal and transmits the temperature digital signal to the computer, and the computer selects a matched calibration curve from the curve set according to the temperature digital signal.
5. The charging and discharging device capable of detecting the state of charge according to claim 2, wherein the ultrasonic detection device comprises an ultrasonic transmitting probe, an ultrasonic receiving probe, an ultrasonic transmitting receiver and an energy integrator;
the ultrasonic transmitting probe and the ultrasonic receiving probe are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the lithium battery and are respectively connected with the lithium battery;
the ultrasonic transmitting probe and the ultrasonic receiving probe are respectively connected with the ultrasonic transmitting receiver;
the ultrasonic transmitting and receiving device is connected with the energy integrator, the ultrasonic transmitting and receiving device outputs detection ultrasonic waves to the lithium battery through the ultrasonic transmitting probe, the detection ultrasonic waves penetrate through the lithium battery to form information ultrasonic waves, the information ultrasonic waves are transmitted back to the ultrasonic transmitting and receiving device through the ultrasonic receiving probe, and the ultrasonic transmitting and receiving device transmits the information ultrasonic waves to the energy integrator.
6. The charging and discharging device capable of detecting the state of charge according to claim 5, wherein the energy integrator is connected with the computer, the energy integrator performs integration conversion on the information ultrasonic waves and converts the information ultrasonic waves into ultrasonic digital signals to be transmitted to the computer, and the computer compares the ultrasonic digital signals with the calibration curve to determine the measured value of the state of charge of the lithium battery.
7. A method for detecting the state of charge of a lithium battery is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, initializing a detection device: making a calibration curve and a curve set, wherein the calibration curve comprises a charging calibration curve and a discharging calibration curve;
s11, manufacturing a charging calibration curve: placing a lithium battery on an experimental line, operating a battery management system to charge the lithium battery from an empty state to a saturated state, operating a computer to output detection ultrasonic waves to the lithium battery at the same temperature through an ultrasonic detection device, wherein the detection ultrasonic waves form information ultrasonic waves through the lithium battery; the computer carries out normalization fitting processing on the charging current data of the lithium battery and the signal energy data of the information ultrasonic wave, and a charging calibration curve is made;
s12, manufacturing a discharge calibration curve: placing a lithium battery on an experimental line, operating a battery management system to place the lithium battery in an empty state from a saturated state, operating a computer to output detection ultrasonic waves to the lithium battery at the same temperature through an ultrasonic detection device, wherein the detection ultrasonic waves form information ultrasonic waves through the lithium battery; the computer carries out normalization fitting processing on the discharge current data of the lithium battery and the signal energy data of the information ultrasonic wave and prepares a discharge calibration curve;
s13, curve set making: operating the computer to repeat the steps of S11 and S12 at different temperatures by the ultrasonic detection device to form a plurality of charging calibration curves and discharging calibration curves with temperature marks; making a plurality of calibration curves into a curve set and embedding the curve set into the computer;
s2, lithium battery detection:
s21, detection preparation: connecting the computer with a battery management system, wherein a lithium battery connected with the battery management system is arranged on a detection line, and the battery management system charges or discharges the lithium battery;
s22, temperature detection: the computer senses the lithium battery on the detection line through a temperature detection device for temperature detection, and the temperature detection device converts the temperature of the lithium battery into a temperature digital signal and transmits the temperature digital signal to the computer;
s23, ultrasonic detection: the computer outputs detection ultrasonic waves to the lithium battery on the detection line through an ultrasonic detection device, the detection ultrasonic waves penetrate through the lithium battery to form information ultrasonic waves which are transmitted back to the ultrasonic detection device, the ultrasonic detection device converts the information ultrasonic waves into ultrasonic digital signals after integral conversion, and the ultrasonic digital signals contain energy data of the information ultrasonic waves;
s24, state of charge analysis: and the computer selects a calibration curve matched with the temperature of the lithium battery from the set curve according to the temperature digital signal, acquires the energy data of the information ultrasonic wave according to the ultrasonic digital signal, and brings the energy data of the information ultrasonic wave into the calibration curve to acquire the state of charge of the lithium battery.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein in S11 and S12, the computer normalizes the current data at each time point and the signal energy data of the information ultrasonic wave corresponding to each time point in the process of discharging the lithium battery from the no-power state to the saturated state or from the saturated state to the no-power state, and fits the signal energy data of the information ultrasonic wave after the normalization processing to form a charging calibration curve or a discharging calibration curve;
in S13, the computer repeats the steps of S11 and S12 at different temperatures by the ultrasonic testing device to make a set of curves and embeds the set of curves into the computer.
9. The method of claim 7, further comprising the steps of: s3, charge and discharge control: the computer judges whether the lithium battery is in a saturated state, a non-saturated state or an overcharged state according to the state of charge of the lithium battery, and outputs a state signal to the battery management system, and the battery management system starts or stops charging or discharging the lithium battery according to the state signal.
10. The method according to claim 9, wherein in S3, the state signals include a saturation signal, a predicted value of the remaining charge, and an overcharge signal;
if the lithium battery is in a saturated state, the computer outputs a saturation signal to the battery management system, and the battery management system stops charging or discharging the lithium battery according to the saturation signal;
if the lithium battery is in an unsaturated state, the computer outputs a predicted value of the residual electric quantity to the battery management system according to the state of charge of the lithium battery, and the battery management system charges the lithium battery according to the predicted value of the residual electric quantity and determines charging current or charging time;
and if the lithium battery is in an overcharged state, the computer outputs an overshoot signal to the battery management system, and the battery management system discharges to the lithium battery according to the overcharge signal.
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