CN111896880A - Method for detecting service life of lithium ion battery for electric vehicle - Google Patents
Method for detecting service life of lithium ion battery for electric vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN111896880A CN111896880A CN202010904385.XA CN202010904385A CN111896880A CN 111896880 A CN111896880 A CN 111896880A CN 202010904385 A CN202010904385 A CN 202010904385A CN 111896880 A CN111896880 A CN 111896880A
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- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 119
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 119
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- YHXISWVBGDMDLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N moclobemide Chemical compound C1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1C(=O)NCCN1CCOCC1 YHXISWVBGDMDLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000157 electrochemical-induced impedance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002847 impedance measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010277 constant-current charging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- OJIJEKBXJYRIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Cd] OJIJEKBXJYRIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001453 impedance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/392—Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
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- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for detecting the service life of a lithium ion battery for an electric vehicle, and relates to the technical field of lithium batteries. The effects of accurate prediction of the cycle life of the lithium battery and convenience in detection are achieved. The method for detecting the service life of the lithium ion battery for the electric vehicle comprises the following steps: and S1, connecting the lithium battery to be detected with a charger, charging the lithium battery to be detected with a constant current by the charger, then charging in a constant voltage mode, and recording the charging data of the lithium battery terminal to be detected. According to the method for detecting the service life of the lithium ion battery for the electric vehicle, when the lithium ion battery is charged and discharged, a fitting relation is established through data recording and impedance measurement, a capacity degradation curve of the lithium ion battery is further established and is intersected with a failure threshold value, the accurate cycle life of the lithium ion battery is obtained, meanwhile, the cycle life of the lithium ion battery can be detected under the condition that the interval between the charging and discharging times of the lithium ion battery is short, the detection precision is guaranteed, and the method is convenient to use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lithium batteries, in particular to a method for detecting the service life of a lithium ion battery for an electric vehicle.
Background
The lithium ion battery has the advantages of high working voltage, small volume, light weight, high specific energy quotient, long service life, low self-discharge rate and the like, so that the lithium ion battery becomes an energy storage power supply for the electric vehicle for replacing the traditional nickel-hydrogen and nickel-cadmium batteries, and the service life state of the lithium ion battery is the core content of the reliability research of the lithium ion battery.
In general, residual life prediction refers to "cycle life," which is defined as the number of charge and discharge cycles a battery undergoes before its capacity drops to a specified value under a certain charge and discharge regime, for many applications of lithium batteries, a lithium battery is considered to fail when its actual capacity drops to 70% of the rated capacity under fully charged conditions.
The detection method has the advantages that during detection, errors are large, the prediction of the cycle life of the lithium battery is inaccurate, meanwhile, the difference of the charging and discharging time of the battery in a short period of the lithium battery is not obvious, the detection is difficult, and the detection requirement for the lithium battery cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for detecting the service life of a lithium ion battery for an electric vehicle. The method for detecting the service life of the lithium ion battery for the electric vehicle can realize the effects of accurately predicting the cycle life of the lithium ion battery and facilitating detection.
In order to realize the effects of accurately predicting the cycle life of the lithium battery and facilitating detection, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a method for detecting the service life of a lithium ion battery for an electric vehicle comprises the following steps:
and S1, connecting the lithium battery to be detected with a charger, charging the lithium battery to be detected with a constant current by the charger, then charging in a constant voltage mode, and recording the charging data of the lithium battery terminal to be detected.
And S2, connecting the charged lithium battery to be detected with a discharge load, performing constant current discharge on the lithium battery to be detected, and recording discharge data of the lithium battery terminal to be detected.
S3, measuring the internal impedance of the lithium battery to be detected, and recording impedance data, wherein the impedance data comprises a sensor current value, a lithium battery current value and a ratio of the two currents.
And S4, establishing a fitting relation according to the collected charging data, the collected discharging data and the collected impedance data.
S5, establishing a capacity degradation curve of the lithium battery to be detected according to the fitting relation, wherein the cycle number corresponding to the intersection point of the capacity degradation curve and the failure threshold value is the cycle life of the lithium battery to be detected.
Further, according to the operation step in S1, the charging data includes a terminal voltage of the lithium battery, a terminal output current of the lithium battery, a temperature of the lithium battery, a voltage of the charger, a current of the charger, and a data acquisition time.
Further, according to the operation step in S2, the discharge data includes a terminal voltage of the lithium battery, a terminal output current of the lithium battery, a temperature of the lithium battery, a load voltage, a load current, a data collection time, and a discharge capacity of the lithium battery up to a cut-off voltage of the lithium battery.
Further, according to the operation in S3, the internal impedance of the battery is measured by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and the frequency sweep is from 0.1Hz to 5 kHz.
Further, according to the operation procedure in S4, before the fitting relationship is established, the steps S1-S3 are repeated to collect a plurality of sets of data.
Further, according to the operation steps in the step S5, an ARIMA model is used to predict the life of the lithium battery.
Further, according to the operation step in S5, the failure threshold is a capacity value of 70% of the rated capacity of the lithium battery.
Further, according to the operation step in S5, the number of cycles is the number of times the lithium battery completes the charging and discharging process, and the number of cycles is n.
The invention provides a method for detecting the service life of a lithium ion battery for an electric vehicle, which has the following beneficial effects:
through the charging and discharging of the lithium battery, the data recording and the impedance measurement are carried out, a fitting relation is established, a capacity degradation curve of the lithium battery is further established and is intersected with a failure threshold value, the accurate cycle life of the lithium battery is obtained, meanwhile, the detection of the cycle life of the lithium battery can be realized under the condition that the interval between the charging and discharging times of the lithium battery is short, the detection precision is guaranteed, and the use is convenient.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for detecting a lifetime of a lithium ion battery for an electric vehicle according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: a method for detecting the service life of a lithium ion battery for an electric vehicle comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps that firstly, a lithium battery to be detected is connected with a charger, the charger carries out constant-current charging on the lithium battery to be detected, then the lithium battery is charged in a constant-voltage mode, and charging data of a lithium battery terminal to be detected are recorded.
And step two, connecting the charged lithium battery to be detected with a discharge load, performing constant-current discharge on the lithium battery to be detected, and recording discharge data of the lithium battery terminal to be detected.
Measuring the internal impedance of the lithium battery to be detected, and recording impedance data, wherein the impedance data comprises a sensor current value, a lithium battery current value and a ratio of the two currents.
And step four, establishing a fitting relation according to the collected charging data, the collected discharging data and the collected impedance data.
And fifthly, establishing a capacity degradation curve of the lithium battery to be detected according to the fitting relation, wherein the cycle number corresponding to the intersection point of the capacity degradation curve and the failure threshold value is the cycle life of the lithium battery to be detected.
Specifically, according to the operation steps in the step one, the charging data comprises lithium battery terminal voltage, lithium battery terminal output current, lithium battery temperature, charger voltage, charger current and data acquisition time.
Specifically, according to the operation steps in the second step, the discharge data includes the terminal voltage of the lithium battery, the terminal output current of the lithium battery, the temperature of the lithium battery, the load voltage, the load current, the data acquisition time and the cut-off voltage of the lithium battery until the discharge capacity of the lithium battery.
Specifically, according to the operation steps in the third step, the internal impedance of the battery is measured by adopting electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and the frequency scanning is from 0.1Hz to 5 kHz.
Specifically, according to the operation steps in the fourth step, before the fitting relation is established, the first step to the third step are repeated, and multiple groups of data are collected.
Specifically, according to the operation steps in the fifth step, an ARIMA model is adopted to predict the service life of the lithium battery.
Specifically, according to the operation steps in the fifth step, the failure threshold value is a capacity value of 70% of the rated capacity of the lithium battery.
Specifically, according to the operation steps in the fifth step, the cycle number is the number of times that the lithium battery completes the charging and discharging processes, and the cycle number is n.
The method of the examples was performed for detection analysis and compared to the prior art to yield the following data:
accuracy of | Detecting spacing accuracy | |
Examples | High accuracy | Is excellent in |
Prior Art | Poor accuracy | Not good at |
According to the table data, the method for detecting the service life of the lithium ion battery for the electric vehicle has the advantages of high detection accuracy and excellent detection interval precision.
The invention provides a method for detecting the service life of a lithium ion battery for an electric vehicle, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of firstly, connecting a lithium battery to be detected with a charger, carrying out constant-current charging on the lithium battery to be detected by the charger, then carrying out constant-voltage mode charging, recording charging data of a lithium battery terminal to be detected, wherein the charging data comprises lithium battery terminal voltage, lithium battery terminal output current, lithium battery temperature, charger voltage, charger current and data acquisition time, secondly, connecting the charged lithium battery to be detected with a discharging load, carrying out constant-current discharging on the lithium battery to be detected, recording discharging data of the lithium battery terminal to be detected, wherein the discharging data comprises lithium battery terminal voltage, lithium battery terminal output current, lithium battery temperature, load voltage, load current, data acquisition time and lithium battery cut-off voltage till discharging capacity of the lithium battery, thirdly, measuring internal impedance of the lithium battery to be detected, recording impedance data, wherein the impedance data comprises a sensor current value, a lithium battery current value and a ratio of two currents, measuring the internal impedance of the battery by adopting an electrochemical impedance spectrum, scanning the frequency from 0.1Hz to 5kHz, establishing a fitting relation according to the collected charging data, discharging data and impedance data, before establishing the fitting relation, repeating the steps from the first step to the third step, collecting a plurality of groups of data, establishing a capacity degradation curve of the lithium battery to be detected according to the fitting relation, and predicting the service life of the lithium battery by adopting an ARIMA model, wherein the failure is a threshold value of 70 percent of the rated capacity of the lithium battery, the cycle number is the number of times of completing the charging and discharging processes of the lithium battery, the cycle number is n, and the lithium battery with the rated capacity of 2Ah is taken as an example, charging with a 1.5A constant current until the voltage of the lithium battery reaches 4.2V, then continuing to charge in a constant voltage mode until the charging current is reduced to 20mA, recording the terminal voltage of the lithium battery, the output current of the lithium battery, the temperature of the lithium battery, the voltage of a charger, the current of the charger and the data acquisition time, discharging with a 2A constant current until the voltage of the lithium battery is reduced to 2.7V, recording the terminal voltage of the lithium battery, the output current of the lithium battery, the temperature of the lithium battery, the load voltage, the load current, the data acquisition time and the discharge capacity of the lithium battery until the cut-off voltage of the lithium battery reaches (2.7V), aging of the lithium battery when the charging and discharging cycles are repeated, simultaneously carrying out impedance measurement to observe the development of the internal parameters of the battery along with the aging of the battery, establishing a fitting relationship according, the number of cycles corresponding to the intersection point of the capacity degradation curve and the failure threshold value is the cycle life of the lithium battery to be detected, the test was stopped when the actual capacity of the lithium battery dropped to 70% of the rated capacity, which is known to be 2Ah, the actual capacity of the lithium battery is recorded during the discharge cycle of the lithium battery, and shows a tendency to decrease as the charge-discharge cycle of the lithium battery progresses, assuming that when the actual capacity is degraded to 70% of the rated capacity, the lithium battery is regarded as being out of service, the failure threshold of the lithium ion battery is 2Ah by 0.7 to 1.4Ah, the cycle number corresponding to the intersection point of the actual capacity degradation curve of the lithium ion battery and the failure threshold is the cycle life of the lithium ion battery, and the charge-discharge cycle number from the predicted starting point of the lithium ion battery to the failure threshold point is the remaining life of the lithium ion battery.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. A method for detecting the service life of a lithium ion battery for an electric vehicle is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, connecting the lithium battery to be detected with a charger, charging the lithium battery to be detected with a constant current by the charger, then charging in a constant voltage mode, and recording charging data of the lithium battery terminal to be detected;
s2, connecting the charged lithium battery to be detected with a discharge load, performing constant current discharge on the lithium battery to be detected, and recording discharge data of the lithium battery terminal to be detected;
s3, measuring the internal impedance of the lithium battery to be detected, and recording impedance data, wherein the impedance data comprises a sensor current value, a lithium battery current value and a ratio of two currents;
s4, establishing a fitting relation according to the collected charging data, the collected discharging data and the collected impedance data;
s5, establishing a capacity degradation curve of the lithium battery to be detected according to the fitting relation, wherein the cycle number corresponding to the intersection point of the capacity degradation curve and the failure threshold value is the cycle life of the lithium battery to be detected.
2. The method for detecting the service life of the lithium ion battery for the electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: according to the operation step in S1, the charging data includes lithium battery terminal voltage, lithium battery terminal output current, lithium battery temperature, charger voltage, charger current, and data acquisition time.
3. The method for detecting the service life of the lithium ion battery for the electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: according to the operation step in S2, the discharge data includes a terminal voltage of the lithium battery, a terminal output current of the lithium battery, a temperature of the lithium battery, a load voltage, a load current, a data acquisition time, and a discharge capacity of the lithium battery up to a cut-off voltage of the lithium battery.
4. The method for detecting the service life of the lithium ion battery for the electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: according to the procedure in S3, the internal impedance of the battery was measured by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy with a frequency sweep from 0.1Hz to 5 kHz.
5. The method for detecting the service life of the lithium ion battery for the electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: according to the operation steps in S4, before the fitting relationship is established, the steps S1-S3 are repeated, and multiple sets of data are collected.
6. The method for detecting the service life of the lithium ion battery for the electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: and predicting the service life of the lithium battery by adopting an ARIMA model according to the operation steps in S5.
7. The method for detecting the service life of the lithium ion battery for the electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: according to the operation step in S5, the failure threshold is a capacity value of 70% of the rated capacity of the lithium battery.
8. The method for detecting the service life of the lithium ion battery for the electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: according to the operation step in S5, the number of cycles is the number of times the lithium battery completes the charging and discharging process, and the number of cycles is n.
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Cited By (3)
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CN112444754A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-03-05 | 国网上海市电力公司 | Battery state of health estimation method and system based on dynamic impedance |
CN113761716A (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2021-12-07 | 惠州市豪鹏科技有限公司 | Lithium ion battery cycle life prediction method and application thereof |
CN117949852A (en) * | 2024-03-22 | 2024-04-30 | 肇庆理士电源技术有限公司 | Lithium ion battery charge-discharge life detection device based on quick assembly disassembly |
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CN117949852A (en) * | 2024-03-22 | 2024-04-30 | 肇庆理士电源技术有限公司 | Lithium ion battery charge-discharge life detection device based on quick assembly disassembly |
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