CN106680730B - Charging and discharging device capable of detecting state of charge and state of charge detection method - Google Patents
Charging and discharging device capable of detecting state of charge and state of charge detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106680730B CN106680730B CN201710116449.8A CN201710116449A CN106680730B CN 106680730 B CN106680730 B CN 106680730B CN 201710116449 A CN201710116449 A CN 201710116449A CN 106680730 B CN106680730 B CN 106680730B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/392—Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
- G01R31/387—Determining ampere-hour charge capacity or SoC
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention discloses a charge-discharge device capable of detecting charge state and a charge state detection method, which are used for detecting the charge state of a lithium battery and charging and discharging the lithium battery, and comprise the following steps: the detection system is connected with the lithium battery and used for detecting the charge state of the lithium battery and forming a state signal; the battery management system is connected with the lithium battery and used for charging or discharging the lithium battery, is also connected with the detection system and starts or stops charging or discharging the lithium battery according to the state signal. The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that: the lithium battery charging system has the characteristics of high sensitivity, simplicity in implementation, low cost and the like, and can accurately detect the state of charge of the lithium battery, so that the battery management system is controlled to start or stop charging or discharging the lithium battery more accurately, and the production efficiency or detection efficiency of enterprises is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage, in particular to a charge-discharge device capable of detecting a state of charge and a detection method of the state of charge.
Background
The development of energy storage technology plays a significant role in the application of terminal consumer products such as small electric automobiles, unmanned planes, smart phones, smart watches and the like to communication base stations, distributed micro-networks and renewable energy power generation systems. The minimum energy storage unit of the energy storage technology is a battery, and the lithium battery in the current common energy storage battery has the advantages of high energy density, long service life, stable operation and the like, so that the lithium battery becomes the main stream selection of the current energy storage battery.
For an intelligent electric device, the intelligent electric device has perfect control and monitoring capability on the battery state, namely, a necessary battery management system is provided to realize optimal operation and safety management of the battery. The state of charge is used as a state quantity for representing the residual capacity of the battery, the accurate estimation of the state of charge is one of the most core technologies in the battery management system, and is also a basis for controlling the energy balance of the battery energy storage system, and the accurate estimation of the state of charge not only can effectively prevent overcharge and overdischarge, but also is a main basis for reasonable use and effective maintenance of the battery.
However, the state of charge of the battery is not a physical quantity that can be directly measured by an instrument, but can be estimated indirectly by measuring other physical quantities. Current measurements of state of charge of lithium ion batteries are largely divided into off-line and on-line modes.
In the off-line mode, the battery is usually disconnected from the working circuit, the battery is discharged by constant current until the discharge is finished, and the charge state of the battery is obtained by counting the discharge quantity. Although the method can accurately acquire the charge state of the battery, the battery cannot work outwards in the implementation process; the end of the test means that the battery is exhausted; measuring the time-consuming period; the method has the defects of requiring special expensive equipment to perform accurate constant-current charge and discharge and the like, so that the method is only suitable for capacity calibration processes of batteries under laboratory conditions or in factories when the batteries leave the factories.
In the practical application process, the measurement of the state of charge of the battery in the online mode is significant, and the current measurement method of the state of charge of the battery in the online mode mainly comprises a voltage method, an internal resistance method, a current integration method, a Kalman filtering method, a neural network method and the like.
The voltage method is realized by utilizing the rule that the voltage of the battery changes monotonically along with the state of charge under different electric quantities. The voltage value is converted into the state of charge of the battery by comparing known charge-discharge voltage state-of-charge curves. However, unlike conventional batteries such as lead-acid batteries and nickel-hydrogen batteries, a stable-voltage charge-discharge platform exists in the charge-discharge process of lithium ion batteries, and in the range of the platform, the change range of the battery voltage along with the charge state of the battery is small, and meanwhile, the voltage of the lithium ion battery is greatly influenced by current, temperature and service life. This results in a very large error in the measurement of the state of charge of the lithium ion battery by the change in voltage. Although the voltage method can improve the accuracy by introducing current, temperature correction coefficient, etc., the accuracy is still not high.
The current integration method is also called an ampere-hour integration method, and the principle is that the current at every moment in the operation of the battery is measured, the change quantity of the charge quantity of the battery is calculated by integrating the current with time, and the current charge state is obtained by combining the initially calibrated charge state. In contrast to the voltage method, the state of charge of the battery obtained by this method is not affected by current and temperature. However, the method has a plurality of defects, firstly, the method has no correction function on initial errors, and has high accuracy requirement on initial calibration values; secondly, the method needs a high-precision current sensor, so that the measurement cost is greatly increased; moreover, this method lacks a reference point, and capacity fade of the battery due to self-discharge cannot be measured; furthermore, since the battery charging efficiency is not 100%, there is a difference between the amount of change in the integrated charge amount and the amount of change in the actual charge amount of the battery; meanwhile, the error of this method is cumulative and gradually increases with time. Therefore, the current integration method is generally used in combination with other methods, and requires calibration at regular intervals.
The internal resistance of the battery is divided into alternating current internal resistance and direct current internal resistance, and the alternating current internal resistance and the direct current internal resistance are closely related to the charge state of the battery. The internal resistance method predicts the state of charge of the battery by utilizing the change rule of the internal resistance of the battery and the state of charge of the battery. For example, in the later stage of discharge of the lead storage battery, the direct current internal resistance is obviously increased, and the method can be used for estimating the state of charge of the battery; however, the change rule of the direct current internal resistance of the lithium ion battery is different from that of a lead storage battery, the change is not obvious, and the application is less.
The Kalman filtering method and the neural network method are not only a means for data processing, but also are essential for measuring the electrical information such as the voltage, the current, the internal resistance and the like of the battery, and then the state of charge of the battery is estimated more accurately by a complex mathematical processing means. These methods require complex circuitry to implement on the one hand and are affected by the accuracy of the measurement of the information such as voltage, current, internal resistance, etc.
In general, the current method for measuring the state of charge of a battery is mainly based on the change of electrical parameters of the battery, and indirectly obtains the state of charge of the battery by measuring the voltage, current, internal resistance or integrating the current of the battery. However, on one hand, the electric parameter influence factors of the battery are complex, the charge state of the battery is closely related to a plurality of influence factors, and the battery has a strong nonlinear relation; on the other hand, the characteristic that the lithium ion battery has a stable charge and discharge platform leads to the fact that the change relation between the voltage of the lithium ion battery and the charge state of the battery is not obvious. Therefore, the conventional state of charge measurement method cannot obtain a reliable result, and how to accurately measure the state of charge of the lithium ion battery is always an international problem.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a charge-discharge device capable of detecting a state of charge and a method for detecting a state of charge. According to the technical scheme, the state of charge and the health state are measured through other battery characteristic parameters except the electrical parameters, so that the method has important significance in improving the measurement precision of the state of charge and prompting the health state in time. In the charge and discharge process of the lithium battery, as the charge state changes, physical parameters such as components, density, crystal structure domain and the like of the positive and negative electrode active materials of the battery change, and acoustic parameters of the positive and negative electrode active materials also change;
therefore, the technical scheme is characterized in that the detection system is used for making a calibration curve and a curve set made of calibration curves with different temperature marks, the temperature of the lithium battery is detected by using the temperature detection device, the calibration curve matched with the temperature of the lithium battery is selected from the curve set, the energy data of information ultrasonic waves are obtained by using the ultrasonic detection device and are brought into the calibration curve to determine the charge state of the lithium battery, the sensitivity is high, the implementation is simple, the cost is low and the like, the charge state of the lithium battery can be accurately detected, and the battery management system is controlled to start or stop charging or discharging the lithium battery more accurately, so that the production efficiency or the detection efficiency of enterprises is improved.
The invention relates to a charge-discharge device capable of detecting charge state, which is used for detecting the charge state of a lithium battery and charging and discharging the lithium battery, and comprises the following components:
the detection system is connected with the lithium battery and used for detecting the charge state of the lithium battery and forming a state signal;
the battery management system is connected with the lithium battery and used for charging or discharging the lithium battery, is also connected with the detection system and starts or stops charging or discharging the lithium battery according to the state signal.
In the above scheme, the detection system comprises an ultrasonic detection device, a temperature detection device and a computer;
the ultrasonic detection device is connected with the lithium battery and detects the lithium battery by utilizing ultrasonic waves to form an ultrasonic digital signal; the temperature detection device is connected with the lithium battery, detects the temperature of the lithium battery and forms a temperature digital signal;
the computer is respectively connected with the ultrasonic detection device and the temperature detection device, a curve set formed by a plurality of calibration curves is arranged in the computer, the computer selects a matched calibration curve from the curve set according to the temperature digital signal, and the computer compares the ultrasonic digital signal with the calibration curve to determine a measured value of the state of charge of the lithium battery.
In the above scheme, the battery management system is connected with the computer, the computer transmits the measured value of the state of charge of the lithium battery to the battery management system, and the battery management system charges or discharges the lithium battery according to the measured value of the state of charge.
In the above scheme, the temperature detection device comprises a temperature sensor and a temperature analog-to-digital converter, wherein the temperature sensor is connected with the lithium battery, the temperature analog-to-digital converter is connected with the temperature sensor, and the temperature analog-to-digital converter is connected with the computer;
the temperature sensor senses the temperature of the lithium battery and transmits a temperature signal to the temperature analog-to-digital converter, the temperature analog-to-digital converter converts the temperature signal into a temperature digital signal and transmits the temperature digital signal to the computer, and the computer selects a matched calibration curve from the curve set according to the temperature digital signal.
In the above scheme, the ultrasonic detection device comprises an ultrasonic emission probe, an ultrasonic receiving probe, an ultrasonic emission receiver and an energy integrator;
the ultrasonic transmitting probe and the ultrasonic receiving probe are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the lithium battery and are respectively connected with the lithium battery;
the ultrasonic transmitting probe and the ultrasonic receiving probe are respectively connected with the ultrasonic transmitting receiver;
the ultrasonic wave transmitting and receiving device is connected with the energy integrator, the ultrasonic wave transmitting and receiving device outputs detection ultrasonic waves to the lithium battery through the ultrasonic wave transmitting probe, the detection ultrasonic waves penetrate through the lithium battery to form information ultrasonic waves, the information ultrasonic waves are transmitted back to the ultrasonic wave transmitting and receiving device through the ultrasonic wave receiving probe, and the information ultrasonic waves are transmitted to the energy integrator through the ultrasonic wave transmitting and receiving device.
In the above scheme, the energy integrator is connected with the computer, integrates and converts the information ultrasonic waves, converts the information ultrasonic waves into ultrasonic digital signals, and transmits the ultrasonic digital signals to the computer, and the computer compares the ultrasonic digital signals with the calibration curve to determine the measured value of the state of charge of the lithium battery.
A method for detecting state of charge of a lithium battery, comprising the steps of:
s1, initializing a detection device: manufacturing a calibration curve and a curve set, wherein the calibration curve comprises a charging calibration curve and a discharging calibration curve;
s11, manufacturing a charging calibration curve: placing a lithium battery in an experiment line, operating a battery management system to charge the lithium battery from an empty state to a saturated state, and outputting detection ultrasonic waves to the lithium battery by an ultrasonic detection device through an operation computer at the same temperature, wherein the detection ultrasonic waves form information ultrasonic waves through the lithium battery; the computer performs normalization fitting processing on charging current data of the lithium battery and signal energy data of the information ultrasonic waves, and a charging calibration curve is manufactured;
s12, manufacturing a discharge calibration curve: placing a lithium battery in an experiment line, operating a battery management system to put the lithium battery from a saturated state to an empty state, and outputting detection ultrasonic waves to the lithium battery by an operation computer through an ultrasonic detection device at the same temperature, wherein the detection ultrasonic waves form information ultrasonic waves through the lithium battery; the computer performs normalized fitting treatment on discharge current data of the lithium battery and signal energy data of information ultrasonic waves, and a discharge calibration curve is manufactured;
s13, manufacturing a curve set: the step S11 and the step S12 are repeated through an ultrasonic detection device by the operation computer at different temperatures to form a plurality of charging calibration curves and discharging calibration curves with temperature marks; making a plurality of calibration curves into curve sets and embedding the curve sets into the computer;
s2, lithium battery detection:
s21, detection preparation: connecting the computer with a battery management system, wherein a lithium battery connected with the battery management system is arranged on a detection line, and the battery management system charges or discharges the lithium battery;
s22, temperature detection: the computer senses the lithium battery on the detection line through a temperature detection device to detect the temperature, and the temperature detection device converts the temperature of the lithium battery into a temperature digital signal and transmits the temperature digital signal to the computer;
s23, ultrasonic detection: the computer outputs detection ultrasonic waves to the lithium battery on the detection line through the ultrasonic detection device, the detection ultrasonic waves penetrate through the lithium battery to form information ultrasonic waves and are transmitted back to the ultrasonic detection device, the ultrasonic detection device integrates and converts the information ultrasonic waves into ultrasonic digital signals and transmits the ultrasonic digital signals to the computer, and the ultrasonic digital signals contain energy data of the information ultrasonic waves;
s24, charge state analysis: the computer selects a calibration curve matched with the temperature of the lithium battery from the collection curve according to the temperature digital signal, the computer obtains the energy data of the information ultrasonic wave according to the ultrasonic digital signal, and the computer also brings the energy data of the information ultrasonic wave into the calibration curve to obtain the charge state of the lithium battery.
In the above solutions, in S11 and S12, the computer normalizes current data of each time point and signal energy data of the information ultrasonic wave corresponding to each time point in the process of discharging the lithium battery from the empty state to the saturated state or from the saturated state to the empty state, and fits the normalized signal energy data of the information ultrasonic wave to form a charge calibration curve or a discharge calibration curve;
in the step S13, the computer is used for preparing a curve set by repeating the steps S11 and S12 at different temperatures through an ultrasonic detection device and is embedded into the computer.
In the scheme, the method further comprises the following steps: s3, charge and discharge control: the computer judges whether the lithium battery is in a saturated state, a non-saturated state or an overcharged state according to the charge state of the lithium battery, and outputs a state signal to the battery management system, and the battery management system starts or stops charging or discharging the lithium battery according to the state signal.
In the above scheme, in the step S3, the status signal includes a saturation signal, a predicted value of a remaining power, and an overcharge signal;
if the lithium battery is in a saturated state, the computer outputs a saturated signal to the battery management system, and the battery management system stops charging or discharging the lithium battery according to the saturated signal;
if the lithium battery is in a non-saturated state, the computer outputs a predicted value of the residual electric quantity to the battery management system according to the state of charge of the lithium battery, and the battery management system charges the lithium battery according to the predicted value of the residual electric quantity and determines charging current or charging time;
and if the lithium battery is in an overcharged state, the computer outputs an overshoot signal to the battery management system, and the battery management system discharges the lithium battery according to the overcharged signal.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that: the invention provides a charge-discharge device capable of detecting a charge state and a detection method of the charge state, wherein ultrasonic detection is utilized, and ultrasonic signals have unique acoustic parameters such as sound velocity and sound attenuation coefficient under different conditions of different substances such as density, temperature and pressure. In the charge and discharge process of the lithium battery, as the charge state changes, physical parameters such as components, density, crystal structure domain and the like of the positive and negative electrode active materials of the battery change, and acoustic parameters of the positive and negative electrode active materials also change; the lithium battery charging and discharging device has the characteristics of high sensitivity, simple realization, low cost and the like, can accurately detect the charge state of the lithium battery, and further more accurately control a battery management system to start or stop charging or discharging the lithium battery, and improves the production efficiency or detection efficiency of enterprises.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings which are used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive faculty for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a charge and discharge device capable of detecting a charge state according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for detecting a state of charge according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a waveform diagram of information ultrasonic waves in a state of charge detection method according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a scatter diagram of current data of a lithium battery from an empty state to a saturated state and from the saturated state to the empty state and signal energy data of information ultrasonic waves corresponding to the various points in the detection method of the state of charge;
FIG. 5 is a plot of the signal energy data normalized for the information ultrasound of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a graph of a charge calibration curve in a state of charge detection method of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a graph of a discharge calibration curve in a state of charge detection method of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a graph comparing a charge calibration curve, a discharge calibration curve, and a charge voltage and a discharge voltage of a lithium battery by a battery management system in a method for detecting a state of charge according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. lithium battery 2, detection system 3, and battery management system
21. Ultrasonic detection device 22, temperature detection device 23, and computer
211. Ultrasonic transmitting probe 212 and ultrasonic receiving probe
213. Ultrasonic transceiver 214 and energy integrator
221. Temperature sensor 222 and temperature analog-to-digital converter
Detailed Description
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention further with reference to the drawings and examples. The following examples are only for more clearly illustrating the technical aspects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention is a charge and discharge device capable of detecting a state of charge, for detecting the state of charge of a lithium battery 1 and charging and discharging the lithium battery 1, comprising:
the detection system 2 is connected with the lithium battery 1 and used for detecting the charge state of the lithium battery 1 and forming a state signal;
the battery management system 3 is connected with the lithium battery 1 and used for charging or discharging the lithium battery 1, and the battery management system 3 is also connected with the detection system 2 and starts or stops charging or discharging the lithium battery 1 according to the state signal.
Specifically, the detection system 2 includes an ultrasonic detection device 21, a temperature detection device 22, and a computer 23;
the ultrasonic detection device 21 is connected with the lithium battery 1 and detects the lithium battery 1 by utilizing ultrasonic waves to form an ultrasonic digital signal; the temperature detection device 22 is connected with the lithium battery 1 and detects the temperature of the lithium battery 1 and forms a temperature digital signal;
the computer 23 is respectively connected with the ultrasonic detection device 21 and the temperature detection device 22, a curve set formed by a plurality of calibration curves is arranged in the computer 23, the computer 23 selects a matched calibration curve from the curve set according to the temperature digital signal, and the computer 23 compares the ultrasonic digital signal with the calibration curve to determine a measured value of the charge state of the lithium battery 1.
Preferably, the battery management system 3 is connected to the computer 23, and the computer 23 transmits the measured value of the state of charge of the lithium battery 1 to the battery management system 3, and the battery management system 3 charges or discharges the lithium battery 1 according to the measured value of the state of charge.
Further, the temperature detecting device 22 includes a temperature sensor 221 and a temperature analog-to-digital converter 222, the temperature sensor 221 is connected with the lithium battery 1, the temperature analog-to-digital converter 222 is connected with the temperature sensor 221, and the temperature analog-to-digital converter 222 is connected with the computer 23; wherein the measurement range of the temperature sensor 221 is-20 ℃ to 80 ℃;
the temperature sensor 221 senses the temperature of the lithium battery 1 and transmits a temperature signal to the temperature analog-to-digital converter 222, the temperature analog-to-digital converter 222 converts the temperature signal into a temperature digital signal and transmits the temperature digital signal to the computer 23, and the computer 23 selects a matched calibration curve from the curve set according to the temperature digital signal.
Preferably, the temperature sensor 221 is attached to the outside of the heat conductive packaging layer of the lithium battery 1, and senses the internal temperature change of the lithium battery 1 in time.
Further, the ultrasonic detection device 21 includes an ultrasonic transmission probe 211, an ultrasonic reception probe 212, an ultrasonic transmission receiver 213, and an energy integrator 214;
the ultrasonic transmitting probe 211 and the ultrasonic receiving probe 212 are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the lithium battery 1 and are respectively connected with the lithium battery 1;
the ultrasonic transmitting probe 211 and the ultrasonic receiving probe 212 are connected to an ultrasonic transmitting receiver 213, respectively;
the ultrasonic transmitter-receiver 213 is connected to the energy integrator 214, the ultrasonic transmitter-receiver 213 outputs a detection ultrasonic wave to the lithium battery 1 through the ultrasonic transmitter-probe 211, the detection ultrasonic wave passes through the lithium battery 1 to form an information ultrasonic wave, the information ultrasonic wave is transmitted back to the ultrasonic transmitter-receiver 213 through the ultrasonic receiver-probe 212, and the ultrasonic transmitter-receiver 213 transmits the information ultrasonic wave to the energy integrator 214.
Preferably, the ultrasonic transmitting probe 211 and the ultrasonic receiving probe 212 are attached to both sides of the lithium battery 1;
preferably, the ultrasonic wave transmitting and receiving device 213 is a pulse type ultrasonic wave transmitting and receiving device 213, and the ultrasonic wave transmitting and receiving device 213 can transmit a voltage pulse matched with the center frequency of the ultrasonic wave transmitting probe 211 so as to excite the ultrasonic wave transmitting probe 211 to output detection ultrasonic waves; the ultrasonic transceiver 213 further has a filter circuit for filtering and amplifying the information ultrasonic wave, and then transmits the information ultrasonic wave filtered and amplified by the filter circuit to the energy integrator 214.
Further, the energy integrator 214 is connected to the computer 23, the energy integrator 214 integrates and converts the information ultrasonic wave, and converts the information ultrasonic wave into an ultrasonic digital signal, which is transmitted to the computer 23, and the computer 23 compares the ultrasonic digital signal with a calibration curve to determine a measurement value of the state of charge of the lithium battery 1.
Preferably, the detection system 2 can detect the states of charge of multiple groups of lithium batteries 1, and form state signals for the lithium batteries 1 respectively; the battery management system 3 can charge or discharge the plurality of groups of lithium batteries 1 according to the status signals.
Preferably, the computer 23 is connected to the battery management system 3 by wire or wirelessly.
As shown in fig. 2-8, a method for detecting a state of charge of a lithium battery 1 includes the steps of:
s1, initializing a detection device: manufacturing a calibration curve and a curve set, wherein the calibration curve comprises a charging calibration curve and a discharging calibration curve;
s11, manufacturing a charging calibration curve: placing the lithium battery 1 in an experiment line, operating the battery management system 3 to charge the lithium battery 1 from an empty state to a saturated state, and outputting detection ultrasonic waves to the lithium battery 1 through the ultrasonic detection device 21 by the operation computer 23 at the same temperature, wherein the detection ultrasonic waves form information ultrasonic waves through the lithium battery 1; the computer 23 normalizes the charging current data of the lithium battery 1 and the signal energy data of the information ultrasonic wave, and makes a charging calibration curve;
s12, manufacturing a discharge calibration curve: placing the lithium battery 1 in an experiment line, operating the battery management system 3 to put the lithium battery 1 from a saturated state to an empty state, and outputting detection ultrasonic waves to the lithium battery 1 through the ultrasonic detection device 21 by the operation computer 23 at the same temperature, wherein the detection ultrasonic waves form information ultrasonic waves through the lithium battery 1; the computer 23 normalizes the discharge current data of the lithium battery 1 and the signal energy data of the information ultrasonic wave, and makes a discharge calibration curve;
s13, manufacturing a curve set: the computer 23 is operated to repeat the steps S11 and S12 at different temperatures through the ultrasonic detection device 21 to form a plurality of charging calibration curves and discharging calibration curves with temperature marks; making a plurality of calibration curves into a curve set and embedding the curve set into a computer 23;
s2, lithium battery detection:
s21, detection preparation: connecting the computer 23 with the battery management system 3, and detecting the lithium battery 1 connected with the battery management system 3 on the line, wherein the battery management system 3 charges or discharges the lithium battery 1;
s22, temperature detection: the computer 23 detects the temperature of the lithium battery 1 on the detection line through the temperature detection device 22, and the temperature detection device 22 converts the temperature of the lithium battery 1 into a temperature digital signal and transmits the temperature digital signal to the computer 23; wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,
s23, ultrasonic detection: the computer 23 outputs detection ultrasonic waves to the lithium battery 1 on the detection line through the ultrasonic detection device 21, the detection ultrasonic waves pass through the lithium battery 1 to form information ultrasonic waves, the information ultrasonic waves are transmitted back to the ultrasonic detection device 21, the ultrasonic detection device 21 integrates and converts the information ultrasonic waves into ultrasonic digital signals, the ultrasonic digital signals are transmitted to the computer 23, and the ultrasonic digital signals contain energy data of the information ultrasonic waves; wherein, the range of the ultrasonic wave is 100K-10MHz;
s24, charge state analysis: the computer 23 selects a calibration curve matched with the temperature of the lithium battery 1 from the collection curves according to the temperature digital signals, the computer 23 obtains information ultrasonic energy data according to the ultrasonic digital signals, and the computer 23 brings the information ultrasonic energy data into the calibration curve to obtain the charge state of the lithium battery 1.
Further, the computer 23 can bring the energy data of the information ultrasonic wave into the charge calibration curve or the discharge calibration curve according to the charge state or the discharge state of the battery management system 3, so as to accurately obtain the charge state of the lithium battery 1.
Specifically, the computer 23 normalizes current data of each time point and signal energy data of the information ultrasonic wave corresponding to each time point in the process of discharging the lithium battery 1 from the empty state to the saturated state or from the saturated state to the empty state, and fits the normalized signal energy data of the information ultrasonic wave to form a charging calibration curve or a discharging calibration curve;
in S13, the computer 23 makes a set of curves by repeating steps S11 and S12 at different temperatures by means of the ultrasonic detection device 21 and embeds the curves into said computer 23.
Further, the method also comprises the following steps: s3, charge and discharge control: the computer 23 judges whether the lithium battery 1 is in a saturated state, an unsaturated state or an overcharged state according to the state of charge of the lithium battery 1, and outputs a state signal to the battery management system 3, and the battery management system 3 starts or stops charging or discharging the lithium battery 1 according to the state signal.
Further, in S3, the status signal includes a saturation signal, a predicted value of the remaining power, and an overcharge signal;
if the lithium battery 1 is in a saturated state, the computer 23 outputs a saturation signal to the battery management system 3, and the battery management system 3 stops charging or discharging the lithium battery 1 according to the saturation signal;
if the lithium battery 1 is in an unsaturated state, the computer 23 outputs a predicted value of the residual electric quantity to the battery management system 3 according to the state of charge of the lithium battery 1, and the battery management system 3 charges the lithium battery 1 according to the predicted value of the residual electric quantity and determines a charging current or a charging time;
if the lithium battery 1 is in the overcharged state, the computer 23 outputs an overshoot signal to the battery management system 3, and the battery management system 3 discharges the lithium battery 1 according to the overcharged signal.
Further, the computer 23 outputs the predicted values of the remaining power of the plurality of lithium batteries 1 to the battery management system 3, the battery management system 3 determines the state of charge of each lithium battery 1 according to the predicted values of the remaining power of each lithium battery 1, and the battery management system 3 determines the charging current or the charging time of each lithium battery 1 according to the state of charge of each lithium battery 1, predicts the total remaining use time of the battery pack formed by the plurality of lithium batteries 1, so as to prolong the service life of each lithium battery 1 and improve the energy utilization rate of the battery management system 3.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A charge-discharge device capable of detecting a state of charge of a lithium battery and charging and discharging the lithium battery, comprising:
the detection system is connected with the lithium battery and used for detecting the charge state of the lithium battery and forming a state signal;
the battery management system is connected with the lithium battery and used for charging or discharging the lithium battery, is also connected with the detection system and starts or stops charging or discharging the lithium battery according to the state signal;
the detection system comprises an ultrasonic detection device, a temperature detection device and a computer;
the ultrasonic detection device is connected with the lithium battery and detects the lithium battery by utilizing ultrasonic waves to form an ultrasonic digital signal; the temperature detection device is connected with the lithium battery, detects the temperature of the lithium battery and forms a temperature digital signal;
the computer is respectively connected with the ultrasonic detection device and the temperature detection device, a curve set formed by a plurality of calibration curves is arranged in the computer, the computer selects a matched calibration curve from the curve set according to the temperature digital signal, and the computer compares the ultrasonic digital signal with the calibration curve to determine a measured value of the state of charge of the lithium battery;
the battery management system is connected with the computer, the computer transmits the measured value of the state of charge of the lithium battery to the battery management system, and the battery management system charges or discharges the lithium battery according to the measured value of the state of charge;
the temperature detection device comprises a temperature sensor and a temperature analog-to-digital converter, the temperature sensor is connected with the lithium battery, the temperature analog-to-digital converter is connected with the temperature sensor, and the temperature analog-to-digital converter is connected with the computer;
the temperature sensor senses the temperature of the lithium battery and transmits a temperature signal to the temperature analog-to-digital converter, the temperature analog-to-digital converter converts the temperature signal into a temperature digital signal and transmits the temperature digital signal to the computer, and the computer selects a matched calibration curve from the curve set according to the temperature digital signal.
2. The charge-discharge device of claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic detection device comprises an ultrasonic transmission probe, an ultrasonic reception probe, an ultrasonic transmission receiver, and an energy integrator;
the ultrasonic transmitting probe and the ultrasonic receiving probe are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the lithium battery and are respectively connected with the lithium battery;
the ultrasonic transmitting probe and the ultrasonic receiving probe are respectively connected with the ultrasonic transmitting receiver;
the ultrasonic wave transmitting and receiving device is connected with the energy integrator, the ultrasonic wave transmitting and receiving device outputs detection ultrasonic waves to the lithium battery through the ultrasonic wave transmitting probe, the detection ultrasonic waves penetrate through the lithium battery to form information ultrasonic waves, the information ultrasonic waves are transmitted back to the ultrasonic wave transmitting and receiving device through the ultrasonic wave receiving probe, and the information ultrasonic waves are transmitted to the energy integrator through the ultrasonic wave transmitting and receiving device.
3. The charge and discharge device capable of detecting a state of charge according to claim 2, wherein the energy integrator is connected with the computer, the energy integrator performs integral conversion on the information ultrasonic wave and converts the information ultrasonic wave into an ultrasonic digital signal, the ultrasonic digital signal is transmitted to the computer, and the computer compares the ultrasonic digital signal with the calibration curve to determine a measurement value of the state of charge of the lithium battery.
4. A method for detecting the state of charge of a lithium battery based on the charge-discharge device capable of detecting the state of charge of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
s1, initializing a detection device: manufacturing a calibration curve and a curve set, wherein the calibration curve comprises a charging calibration curve and a discharging calibration curve;
s11, manufacturing a charging calibration curve: placing a lithium battery in an experiment line, operating a battery management system to charge the lithium battery from an empty state to a saturated state, and outputting detection ultrasonic waves to the lithium battery by an ultrasonic detection device through an operation computer at the same temperature, wherein the detection ultrasonic waves form information ultrasonic waves through the lithium battery; the computer performs normalization fitting processing on charging current data of the lithium battery and signal energy data of the information ultrasonic waves, and a charging calibration curve is manufactured;
s12, manufacturing a discharge calibration curve: placing a lithium battery in an experiment line, operating a battery management system to put the lithium battery from a saturated state to an empty state, and outputting detection ultrasonic waves to the lithium battery by an operation computer through an ultrasonic detection device at the same temperature, wherein the detection ultrasonic waves form information ultrasonic waves through the lithium battery; the computer performs normalized fitting treatment on discharge current data of the lithium battery and signal energy data of information ultrasonic waves, and a discharge calibration curve is manufactured;
s13, manufacturing a curve set: the step S11 and the step S12 are repeated through an ultrasonic detection device by the operation computer at different temperatures to form a plurality of charging calibration curves and discharging calibration curves with temperature marks; making a plurality of calibration curves into curve sets and embedding the curve sets into the computer;
s2, lithium battery detection:
s21, detection preparation: connecting the computer with a battery management system, wherein a lithium battery connected with the battery management system is arranged on a detection line, and the battery management system charges or discharges the lithium battery;
s22, temperature detection: the computer senses the lithium battery on the detection line through a temperature detection device to detect the temperature, and the temperature detection device converts the temperature of the lithium battery into a temperature digital signal and transmits the temperature digital signal to the computer;
s23, ultrasonic detection: the computer outputs detection ultrasonic waves to the lithium battery on the detection line through the ultrasonic detection device, the detection ultrasonic waves penetrate through the lithium battery to form information ultrasonic waves and are transmitted back to the ultrasonic detection device, the ultrasonic detection device integrates and converts the information ultrasonic waves into ultrasonic digital signals and transmits the ultrasonic digital signals to the computer, and the ultrasonic digital signals contain energy data of the information ultrasonic waves;
s24, charge state analysis: the computer selects a calibration curve matched with the temperature of the lithium battery from the curve set according to the temperature digital signal, the computer obtains the energy data of the information ultrasonic wave according to the ultrasonic digital signal, and the computer also brings the energy data of the information ultrasonic wave into the calibration curve to obtain the charge state of the lithium battery.
5. The method for detecting a state of charge according to claim 4, wherein in S11 and S12, the computer normalizes current data of each time point in the process of discharging the lithium battery from the empty state to the saturated state or from the saturated state to the empty state and signal energy data of the information ultrasonic wave corresponding to each time point, and fits the normalized signal energy data of the information ultrasonic wave to form a charge calibration curve or a discharge calibration curve;
in S13, the computer is used for preparing a curve set by repeating the steps S11 and S12 at different temperatures through an ultrasonic detection device and is embedded into the computer.
6. The method of detecting a state of charge according to claim 4, further comprising the steps of: s3, charge and discharge control: the computer judges whether the lithium battery is in a saturated state, a non-saturated state or an overcharged state according to the charge state of the lithium battery, and outputs a state signal to the battery management system, and the battery management system starts or stops charging or discharging the lithium battery according to the state signal.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein in S3, the state signal includes a saturation signal, a predicted value of a remaining amount of electricity, and an overcharge signal;
if the lithium battery is in a saturated state, the computer outputs a saturated signal to the battery management system, and the battery management system stops charging or discharging the lithium battery according to the saturated signal;
if the lithium battery is in a non-saturated state, the computer outputs a predicted value of the residual electric quantity to the battery management system according to the state of charge of the lithium battery, and the battery management system charges the lithium battery according to the predicted value of the residual electric quantity and determines charging current or charging time;
and if the lithium battery is in an overcharged state, the computer outputs an overshoot signal to the battery management system, and the battery management system discharges the lithium battery according to the overcharged signal.
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| CN109870650B (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2021-09-24 | 奥动新能源汽车科技有限公司 | Battery monitoring method and system |
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