CN106676898A - 一种棉织物或棉混纺交织物的漂前预处理方法 - Google Patents

一种棉织物或棉混纺交织物的漂前预处理方法 Download PDF

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CN106676898A
CN106676898A CN201611224825.7A CN201611224825A CN106676898A CN 106676898 A CN106676898 A CN 106676898A CN 201611224825 A CN201611224825 A CN 201611224825A CN 106676898 A CN106676898 A CN 106676898A
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万众
姚俐
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JINGCHENG CHEMICAL CO Ltd CHANGSHU CITY
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Abstract

一种棉织物或棉混纺交织物的漂前预处理方法,其特征在于:包括下列步骤:(1)在织物浸轧处理液中浸轧;其中,织物浸轧处理液由织物浸轧处理剂、双氧水以及水组成;织物浸轧处理剂由宽温淀粉酶、植物脂肪酶、多缩戊糖酶、枯草杆菌蛋白酶、植酸酶、木聚糖酶、纤维素酶、碳酸钠、FMEE表面活性剂、水解聚马来酸酐、大环四酰胺铁配合物以及五水偏硅酸钠组成;(2)堆置5~50分钟,堆置温度为10~70℃;(3)再浸轧;(4)在100~105℃下进行汽蒸50~60分钟;(5)在94~96℃下水洗2~3次;(6)在65~75℃温度下水洗1次;(7)在10~30℃温度下水洗1次。本发明的织物浸轧处理剂和工艺流程中不含NaOH,棉织物或棉混纺交织物中的纤维素保留完整,避免了织物强力下降甚至破洞。

Description

一种棉织物或棉混纺交织物的漂前预处理方法
技术领域
本发明涉及纺织印染行业对织物即坯布进行漂白前的预处理技术,具体涉及一种棉织物或棉混纺交织物的漂前预处理方法。
背景技术
传统的织物练漂技术中,在织物精练漂白的过程中不可避免加入高浓度的烧碱、相应表面活性剂以及其他化学药剂,主要通过烧碱对织物上的天然共生物(如果胶、色素、含氮物质、灰分、棉籽壳)、纺织油剂、浆料进行去除,其工艺流程举例如下:
A,织物浸轧处理液(烧碱50-80g/l,表面活性剂5-10g/l,螯合剂2-5g/l,稳定剂5-8g/l,双氧水100%15-20g/l)-------打卷堆置24小时-------95℃水洗2-3次------70℃水洗一次-------常温水洗一次------浸轧漂液汽蒸50-60分钟(烧碱3-5g/l,表面活性剂5-10g/l,螯合剂2-5g/l,稳定剂5-8g/l,双氧水100%6-10g/l)--------95℃水洗2-3次------70℃水洗一次-------常温水洗一次。
B,织物浸轧淀粉酶------打卷堆置3-8小时-------95℃水洗2-3次------70℃水洗一次-------常温水洗一次------浸轧(烧碱50-80g/表面活性剂5-10g/l,螯合剂2-5g/l)-------汽蒸(102℃ 50-60分钟)--------95℃水洗2-3次------70℃水洗一次-------常温水洗一次-------浸轧漂液汽蒸(烧碱3-5g/l,表面活性剂5-10g/l,螯合剂2-5g/l,稳定剂5-8g/l,双氧水100%6-10g/l)--------95℃水洗2-3次------70℃水洗一次-------常温水洗一次。
C,浸轧(烧碱50-80g/l,表面活性剂5-10g/l,螯合剂2-5g/l)-------汽蒸(102℃50-60分钟)--------95℃水洗2-3次------70℃水洗一次-------常温水洗一次-------浸轧漂液汽蒸(烧碱3-5g/l,表面活性剂5-10g/l,螯合剂2-5g/l,稳定剂5-8g/l,双氧水100%6-10g/l)--------95℃水洗2-3次------70℃水洗一次-------常温水洗一次。
上述传统工艺存在许多问题:
1、高浓度烧碱与双氧水共浴浸轧织物,双氧水分解速度快,尤其当遇到纤维中的金属离子很容易造成纤维过度氧化,使得织物强力下降甚至破洞。
2、采用高温烧碱处理织物,使纤维素受损程度较高,影响织物的上染率与光泽手感。
3、采用高浓烧碱处理织物,造成水洗困难,工序中必需采用高温大量流动水清洗,蒸汽与水耗费巨大。
4、织物连续化处理,处理液化学药剂浓度检测不当易出现半制品效果重现性差异。
5、排放的污水色度和pH值很高,需消耗大量酸来中和,产生大量无机盐,造成污水生化处理负担。
发明内容
本发明提供一种棉织物或棉混纺交织物的漂前预处理方法,其目的在于解决目前的漂前预处理工艺采用高温高浓度烧碱与双氧水共浴浸轧织物而导致织物强力下降、污水处理成本高的问题。
为达到上述目的,本发明采用的一种棉织物或棉混纺交织物的织物浸轧处理剂的技术方案是:该织物浸轧处理剂由下列重量百分比的组分组成:
宽温淀粉酶 10~14%,
植物脂肪酶 0.5~1%,
多缩戊糖酶 2~2.6%,
枯草杆菌蛋白酶 0.8~1.2%,
植酸酶 0.3~0.5%,
木聚糖酶 1.4~1.8%,
纤维素酶 1.8~2.2%,
碳酸钠 16~20%,
FMEE表面活性剂 27~33%,
水解聚马来酸酐 6~10%,
大环四酰胺铁配合物 4~6%,
五水偏硅酸钠 17~21%;
其中,所述宽温淀粉酶的温度适应范围为10~70℃;所述FMEE表面活性剂中的FMEE有效质量百分含量为65~70%,在25℃时的动力粘度为30~36mPa·s。
为达到上述目的,本发明采用的一种棉织物或棉混纺交织物的漂前预处理方法的技术方案是:该漂前预处理方法包括下列步骤:
(1)将棉织物或棉混纺交织物在织物浸轧处理液中浸轧;其中,所述织物浸轧处理液由织物浸轧处理剂、双氧水以及水组成,所述织物浸轧处理液中织物浸轧处理剂的质量浓度为10~20g/L,所述织物浸轧处理液中双氧水的质量浓度为10~15g/L;
所述织物浸轧处理剂由下列重量百分比的组分组成:
宽温淀粉酶 10~14%,
植物脂肪酶 0.5~1%,
多缩戊糖酶 2~2.6%,
枯草杆菌蛋白酶 0.8~1.2%,
植酸酶 0.3~0.5%,
木聚糖酶 1.4~1.8%,
纤维素酶 1.8~2.2%,
碳酸钠 16~20%,
FMEE表面活性剂 27~33%,
水解聚马来酸酐 6~10%,
大环四酰胺铁配合物 4~6%,
五水偏硅酸钠 17~21%;
其中,所述宽温淀粉酶的温度适应范围为10~70℃;所述FMEE表面活性剂中的FMEE有效质量百分含量为65~70%,在25℃时的动力粘度为30~36mPa·s;
(2)将浸轧处理后的棉织物或棉混纺交织物堆置5~50分钟,堆置温度为10~70℃;
(3)再将棉织物或棉混纺交织物在所述织物浸轧处理液中浸轧;
(4)对棉织物或棉混纺交织物在100~105℃条件下进行汽蒸50~60分钟;
(5)在94~96℃温度下水洗2~3次;
(6)在65~75℃温度下水洗1次;
(7)在10~30℃温度下水洗1次,得到精练后的棉织物或棉混纺交织物。
上述技术方案中的有关内容解释如下:
1、上述方案中,较佳的方案是所述漂前预处理方法在所述步骤(2)与步骤(3)之间还包括一次水洗,水洗温度为70℃以上。
2、上述方案中,较佳的方案是所述步骤(1)的浸渍时间为8~20秒,带液率为80%以上,最佳方案是所述步骤(1)的浸渍时间为20秒,带液率为100%。
3、上述方案中,较佳的方案是所述步骤(1)的浸渍时间为8~20秒,带液率为80%以上,最佳方案是所述步骤(3)的浸渍时间为20秒,带液率为100%。
4、上述方案中,所述FMEE即指脂肪酸甲酯乙氧基化物,其为脂肪酸甲酯与环氧乙烷的缩合物。
5、上述方案中,所述水解聚马来酸酐的相对分子量为400~800。
本发明的设计特点是:本发明采用具有耐碱性和抗氧化性的复合酶体系与双氧水共浴,主要以生物催化方式对棉织物或棉混纺交织物坯布进行浸轧处理,以靶向除去坯布上的天然共生物。其中,所述宽温淀粉酶用于将水解织物上的淀粉浆料转化成液态淀粉,再转化为糖,从而将淀粉浆料从织物上去除。所述植物脂肪酶能够充份分解坯布上的天然蜡质、脂肪。所述多缩戊糖酶能够分解棉纤维中的果胶。:棉纤维中的含氮物质大部份以蛋白质形式存在,所以使用枯草杆菌蛋白酶可将其分解。棉纤维共生物中的金属离子以植物酸盐形式存在,在漂白过程中会催化双氧水反应,造成纤维局部强力下降,所以采用植酸酶将其分解。棉籽壳属于木质素,沉积嵌在纤维内,木聚糖酶与纤维素酶协同作用,使棉籽壳与棉纤维分离,棉籽壳很容易从织物上剥落,加大了双氧水作用效率而被漂白。总而言之,棉纤维里的共生物是以“混合伴生”的形式存在于纤维中,复合酶的协同作用能够最大限度的降解共生物。随着由共生物组成的疏水性网状层结构的崩溃,FMEE表面活性剂则能够将共生物的水解产物由纤维素上剥离分散到水溶液中。
本发明的有益效果是:
1、本发明的织物浸轧处理剂和工艺流程中不含NaOH,二次浸轧处理之前可以不需水洗,或者利用氧漂汽蒸后的水洗溶液不加温过液即可,不消耗水与蒸汽。
2、10~70℃条件下即可堆置,堆置温度低,堆置时间短,在5~50分钟之内完成堆置,能够大幅减少蒸汽消耗。
3、棉织物或棉混纺交织物中的纤维素保留完整,避免了织物强力下降甚至破洞,使得半制品染色或印花得色率高,色泽饱满,手感柔软富有弹性。
4、在传统的添加烧碱的练漂工艺中,烧碱会消耗,造成浸轧处理溶液不稳定,所以工厂都需定时检测烧碱和双氧水浓度。而本发明全流程处理液浓度均一性好,容易检测与控制,处理织物重现性强。
5、本发明的工艺污水排放pH值约为中性(7~8),不需进行酸中和,不产生额外盐分,减轻污水处理负担。
具体实施方式
下面及实施例对本发明作进一步描述:
实施例1:一种棉织物或棉混纺交织物的漂前预处理方法
该漂前预处理方法包括下列步骤:
(1)将棉织物或棉混纺交织物在织物浸轧处理液中浸轧,浸渍时间为15秒,带液率为90%;其中,所述织物浸轧处理液由织物浸轧处理剂、双氧水以及水组成,所述织物浸轧处理液中织物浸轧处理剂的质量浓度为20g/L,所述织物浸轧处理液中双氧水的质量浓度为15g/L;
所述织物浸轧处理剂由下列重量百分比的组分组成:
宽温淀粉酶 12%,
植物脂肪酶 1%,
多缩戊糖酶 2%,
枯草杆菌蛋白酶 1%,
植酸酶 0.4%,
木聚糖酶 1.6%,
纤维素酶 2%,
碳酸钠 18%,
FMEE表面活性剂 30%,
水解聚马来酸酐 8%,
大环四酰胺铁配合物 5%,
五水偏硅酸钠 19%;
其中,所述宽温淀粉酶的温度适应范围为10~70℃;所述FMEE表面活性剂中的FMEE有效质量百分含量为65~70%,在25℃时的动力粘度为30~36mPa·s。
(2)将浸轧处理后的棉织物或棉混纺交织物堆置20分钟,堆置温度为30℃;
(3)再将棉织物或棉混纺交织物在所述织物浸轧处理液中浸轧,浸渍时间为15秒,带液率为90%;
(4)对棉织物或棉混纺交织物在100~105℃条件下进行汽蒸50~60分钟;
(5)在95℃以上温度下水洗2~3次;
(6)在65~75℃温度下水洗1次;
(7)在10~30℃常温温度下水洗1次,得到精练后的棉织物或棉混纺交织物。
实施例2:一种棉织物或棉混纺交织物的漂前预处理方法
该漂前预处理方法包括下列步骤:
(1)将棉织物或棉混纺交织物在织物浸轧处理液中浸轧,浸渍时间为20秒,带液率为100%;其中,所述织物浸轧处理液由织物浸轧处理剂、双氧水以及水组成,所述织物浸轧处理液中织物浸轧处理剂的质量浓度为15g/L,所述织物浸轧处理液中双氧水的质量浓度为12g/L;
所述织物浸轧处理剂由下列重量百分比的组分组成:
宽温淀粉酶 14%,
植物脂肪酶 0.5%,
多缩戊糖酶 2.5%,
枯草杆菌蛋白酶 1.2%,
植酸酶 0.3%,
木聚糖酶 1.5%,
纤维素酶 2%,
碳酸钠 20%,
FMEE表面活性剂 27%,
水解聚马来酸酐 10%,
大环四酰胺铁配合物 4%,
五水偏硅酸钠 17%;
其中,所述宽温淀粉酶的温度适应范围为10~70℃;所述FMEE表面活性剂中的FMEE有效质量百分含量为65~70%,在25℃时的动力粘度为30~36mPa·s。
(2)将浸轧处理后的棉织物或棉混纺交织物堆置60分钟,堆置温度为60℃;
(3)水洗1次,水洗温度为70℃以上;
(4)再将棉织物或棉混纺交织物在所述织物浸轧处理液中浸轧,浸渍时间为15秒,带液率为90%;
(5)对棉织物或棉混纺交织物在100~105℃条件下进行汽蒸50~60分钟;
(6)在95℃以上温度下水洗2~3次;
(7)在65~75℃温度下水洗1次;
(8)在10~30℃常温温度下水洗1次,得到精练后的棉织物或棉混纺交织物。
采用毛细上升高度法,测试标准为纺织行业标准FZ/T01071《纺织品毛细效应试验方法》。试验结果如表1:
吸湿性 经向上升高度(cm) 纬向上升高度(cm)
实施例1的漂前预处理方法 9.1 8.3
实施例2的漂前预处理方法 9.2 8.3
传统工艺 9.0 8.4
测试按GB/T3923.1-1997《纺织品织物拉伸性能第1部分断裂力和断裂伸长率的测试》进行,试验结果如表2:
断裂强力(N) 经向 纬向
实施例1的漂前预处理方法 306 387
实施例2的漂前预处理方法 304 384
传统工艺 263 346
测试按GB/T3917.2-2009《纺织品织物撕破性能第2部分:裤型试样(单缝)撕破强力的测定》进行,试验结果如表3:
撕破强力(N) 经向 纬向
实施例1的漂前预处理方法 15 16
实施例2的漂前预处理方法 14 15
传统工艺 11 13
表4:水消耗对比表
传统工艺(吨/小时) 本发明漂前预处理方法(吨/小时)
15 5
表:5:蒸汽消耗对比表
传统工艺(吨/小时) 本发明漂前预处理方法(吨/小时)
3.3 1.5
表6:排放口H值对比表
传统工艺 本发明漂前预处理方法
12~13 7~7.5
上述实施例只为说明本发明的技术构思及特点,其目的在于让熟悉此项技术的人士能够了解本发明的内容并据以实施,并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围。凡根据本发明精神实质所作的等效变化或修饰,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (5)

1.一种棉织物或棉混纺交织物的织物浸轧处理剂,其特征在于:该织物浸轧处理剂由下列重量百分比的组分组成:
宽温淀粉酶 10~14%,
植物脂肪酶 0.5~1%,
多缩戊糖酶 2~2.6%,
枯草杆菌蛋白酶 0.8~1.2%,
植酸酶 0.3~0.5%,
木聚糖酶 1.4~1.8%,
纤维素酶 1.8~2.2%,
碳酸钠 16~20%,
FMEE表面活性剂 27~33%,
水解聚马来酸酐 6~10%,
大环四酰胺铁配合物 4~6%,
五水偏硅酸钠 17~21%;
其中,所述宽温淀粉酶的温度适应范围为10~70℃;所述FMEE表面活性剂中的FMEE有效质量百分含量为65~70%,在25℃时的动力粘度为30~36mPa·s。
2.一种棉织物或棉混纺交织物的漂前预处理方法,其特征在于:该漂前预处理方法包括下列步骤:
(1)将棉织物或棉混纺交织物在织物浸轧处理液中浸轧;其中,所述织物浸轧处理液由权利要求1所述的织物浸轧处理剂、双氧水以及水组成,所述织物浸轧处理液中织物浸轧处理剂的质量浓度为10~20g/L,所述织物浸轧处理液中双氧水的质量浓度为10~15g/L;
(2)将浸轧处理后的棉织物或棉混纺交织物堆置5~50分钟,堆置温度为10~70℃;
(3)再将棉织物或棉混纺交织物在所述织物浸轧处理液中浸轧;
(4)对棉织物或棉混纺交织物在102~105℃条件下进行汽蒸50~60分钟;
(5)在94~96℃温度下水洗2~3次;(95度以上)
(6)在65~75℃温度下水洗1次;
(7)在10~30℃温度下水洗1次,得到精练后的棉织物或棉混纺交织物。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种棉织物或棉混纺交织物的漂前预处理方法,其特征在于:所述漂前预处理方法在所述步骤(2)与步骤(3)之间还包括一次水洗,水洗温度为70℃以上。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种棉织物或棉混纺交织物的漂前预处理方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(1)的浸渍时间为8~20秒,带液率为80%以上。
5.根据权利要求2所述的一种棉织物或棉混纺交织物的漂前预处理方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(3)的浸渍时间为8~20秒,带液率为80%以上。
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