CN106665336A - Apple breeding method - Google Patents

Apple breeding method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106665336A
CN106665336A CN201710158840.4A CN201710158840A CN106665336A CN 106665336 A CN106665336 A CN 106665336A CN 201710158840 A CN201710158840 A CN 201710158840A CN 106665336 A CN106665336 A CN 106665336A
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parts
seed
seeds
apple
planting
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Inventor
李学营
郝婕
索相敏
鄢新民
刘铁铮
王献革
冯建忠
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Shijiazhuang Institute of Fruit Trees of Hebei Academy of Agriculture and ForestrySciences
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Shijiazhuang Institute of Fruit Trees of Hebei Academy of Agriculture and ForestrySciences
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Publication of CN106665336A publication Critical patent/CN106665336A/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
    • A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
    • A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
    • A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
    • A01H1/06—Processes for producing mutations, e.g. treatment with chemicals or with radiation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
    • C05B1/02—Superphosphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
    • C05G5/23—Solutions

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an apple breeding method. The method comprises the following steps: respectively conveying pollen of red-flesh and crisp-flesh strains to a castrated apple variety having excellent comprehensive characters to obtain backcross seeds; taking helium gas as a working medium, and performing non-ionizing radiation treatment on the seeds in a vacuum closed environment; sequentially performing seed soaking and seed priming treatment; building a seedling raising bed composed of a plurality of 8*10cm seedling raising troughs in a greenhouse, and filling self-made planting soil in each seedling raising trough; after the filling operation is completed, gently pressing the primed seeds into the planting soil according to a standard that the seeds are just covered by mud, wherein two seeds are sown in each seedling raising trough; and the seed sowing operation is completed, covering a semitransparent film on the seedling raising bed, and perforating the covered semitransparent film corresponding to the places where the seeds are sown and around the places where the seeds are sown. According to the invention, the breeding period is shortened, and the germination rate and transplanting survival rate are greatly improved, thereby enabling the population yield to reach the maximum and increasing the fine fruit rate.

Description

A kind of Apple breeding method
Technical field
The present invention relates to Apple breeding field, and in particular to a kind of Apple breeding method.
Background technology
Malus sieversii (or M.sieversii, Malus sieversii (Lebed.) Roem.) it is world's Cultivated apple Ancestors' kind, not only genetic diversity enriches, and total phenols, procyanidin, epicatechin, phlorhizin, chlorogenic acid, the catechu of fruit The functional component content such as element and Ca is more than 3 times of ' Red Star ' apple variety, in the 177 kinds of fragrance components for detecting, contracting 90 kinds of compositions such as aldehydes and lactone are Malus sieversii endemic element.But due to the reasons such as the farmland reclamation of wasteland, Malus sieversii money Source is just seriously damaged, endangered.Therefore, effectively utilizes Malus sieversii carries out apple cross breeding, not only can expand The genetic diversity of Cultivated apple kind, cultivates functional type Variety of Apple, and contributes to the science of Malus sieversii resource Protection and sustainable utilization, are one of the important directions in apple germplasm resources and genetic breeding research field.
Perennial fruit tree crop breeding cycle length, take up an area many, input greatly, and the process of Fructus Mali pumilae functional component breeding is Multiple attribute synthetical evaluation and the process for selecting, are related to various character such as outward appearance and fresh food quality, functional component content, using minority Traditional system of selection of several single indexs, it is difficult to effectively be selected functional type Fructus Mali pumilae.Therefore functional type Herba Marsileae Quadrifoliae is set up in research Fruit high-efficient breeding technique system, shortens breeding cycle, has with Demonstration And Extension for the selection-breeding of functional type Variety of Apple is accelerated Significance.
The content of the invention
To solve the above problems, the invention provides a kind of Apple breeding method, by the improvement of breeding method, shortens Breeding cycle, substantially increases germination percentage and transplanting survival rate, so that population yield has reached maximum, and improves excellent fruit Rate.
For achieving the above object, the technical scheme taken of the present invention is：
A kind of Apple breeding method, comprises the steps：
S1, the pollen of the Xinjiang red meat Fructus Mali pumilae apple variety excellent to the Comprehensive Traits after emasculation is pollinated, obtained Hybrid seed；
S2, the seed of gained is seeded in greenhouse and nursery is carried out, then by the transplantation of seedlings of growing directly from seeds for obtaining to land for growing field crops, in first Fruiting period screens peel from the seedling and sarcocarp is the strain of redness and fruit brittleness value ＞ 1.3kg/s, as red meat Crisp meat strain；
S3, the pollen of the crisp meat strain of each red meat for obtaining screening respectively to emasculation after the Comprehensive Traits it is excellent Apple variety is pollinated, and obtains backcrossing seed；
S4, with helium as working media, in vacuum sealing environment, to the backcrossing of gained under the processing power of 50~350W The unionized width that seed is carried out 15~20 seconds penetrates process；
After S5, process terminate, gained seed is placed in into seed soaking agent and soaks 20~40min, the seed soaking agent is by following weight The raw material of part is prepared from：3~6 parts of multi-effect mycin, 3~5 parts of carbendazim, 100 times of EM original solution, 10~20 parts of diluent, calcium chloride 0.2~0.5 part, 0.1~0.3 part of manganese sulfate, 0.05~0.15 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate；
S6, Vermiculitum, sawdust are terminated with process after seed mix and be fitted in beaker, and distilled water is added, in beaker Mix thoroughly, 24-32 hour is placed under dark condition, caused, after initiation terminates, choose Apple Seeds in releaser Pick；
S7, weigh orchard topsoil 50-60 parts, distiller grains 20-30 parts, fertile soil 25-35 parts, wormcast 23-33 parts, rice husk Leaf slag 15-25 part mixing and stirring after carbon 10-15 parts, Folium Stevlae Rebaudianae cured leaf 6-10 parts, Folium Stevlae Rebaudianae extraction, obtains planting soil；
S8, the seedling bed being made up of the nursery groove of some 8 × 10cm is built in booth, and filled in each nursery groove Planting soil, after the completion of filling, will cause the seed for terminating gently to be pressed in planting soil, and just mark is covered as by mud with seed Standard, sows 2 in each nursery groove, complete after planting, and semitransparent thin film is covered on seedling bed, and is covering semitransparent thin film Surrounding is punched where upper correspondence sowing and where sowing；
S9, transplanting are first 3 months, apply the sheep stool 1200kg for becoming thoroughly decomposed, fermenting for per mu in growing area, after deep ploughing 25-30cm, often Mu Shi compound fertilizer 45-55kg, Pericarpium Musae lyophilized powder 3-6kg, molasses powder 15-30kg are carefully ploughed, using duplicate rows individual plant, " product " word Shape mode staggers plant, and 110-120 plant/acre of specification digs cave field planting, is 50cm × 50cm × 40cm per cave length and width depth, kind during transplanting Plant soil to plant together in cave, it is ensured that strain spacing is in 50-55cm.
Preferably, the mixed fertilizer is prepared from by the raw material of following weight portion：
Carbamide 45-55 parts, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 30-40 part, calcium superphosphate 4.5-5.5 parts, Borax 5-10 parts, zinc-amino acid chelate 3-6 parts, chelating amino acids potassium 45-55 parts.
Preferably, the Pericarpium Musae lyophilized powder is as obtained by prepared by following steps：
Take clean Pericarpium Musae to be placed in steam-explosion jar, be first passed through nitrogen to steam explosion pressure inside the tank be 0.8-1.4MPa, explosion Process 8-25min；Then it is 1.4-1.8MPa, Steam explosion treatment 0.5-2.5min to be passed through steam to steam explosion pressure inside the tank rapidly Afterwards, room temperature is concentrated into relative density 1.10-1.20, and lyophilization obtains Pericarpium Musae lyophilized powder.
Preferably, during transplanting, transplant together with planting soil.
The invention has the advantages that：
By the improvement of breeding method, breeding cycle is shortened, substantially increase germination percentage and transplanting survival rate, so that Population yield has reached maximum, and improves percent rate of high quality fruit.
Specific embodiment
In order that objects and advantages of the present invention become more apparent, the present invention is carried out further with reference to embodiments Describe in detail.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is not used to limit this only to explain the present invention It is bright.
In following examples, the mixed fertilizer for being used is prepared from by the raw material of following weight portion：
Carbamide 45-55 parts, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 30-40 part, calcium superphosphate 4.5-5.5 parts, Borax 5-10 parts, zinc-amino acid chelate 3-6 parts, chelating amino acids potassium 45-55 parts.
The Pericarpium Musae lyophilized powder for being used is as obtained by prepared by following steps：
Take clean Pericarpium Musae to be placed in steam-explosion jar, be first passed through nitrogen to steam explosion pressure inside the tank be 0.8-1.4MPa, explosion Process 8-25min；Then it is 1.4-1.8MPa, Steam explosion treatment 0.5-2.5min to be passed through steam to steam explosion pressure inside the tank rapidly Afterwards, room temperature is concentrated into relative density 1.10-1.20, and lyophilization obtains Pericarpium Musae lyophilized powder；The Vermiculitum, sawdust are tied with processing The weight ratio of the seed after beam is 6: 12: 1.
Embodiment 1
A kind of Apple breeding method, comprises the steps：
S1, the pollen of the Xinjiang red meat Fructus Mali pumilae apple variety excellent to the Comprehensive Traits after emasculation is pollinated, obtained Hybrid seed；
S2, the seed of gained is seeded in greenhouse and nursery is carried out, then by the transplantation of seedlings of growing directly from seeds for obtaining to land for growing field crops, in first Fruiting period screens peel from the seedling and sarcocarp is the strain of redness and fruit brittleness value ＞ 1.3kg/s, as red meat Crisp meat strain；
S3, the pollen of the crisp meat strain of each red meat for obtaining screening respectively to emasculation after the Comprehensive Traits it is excellent Apple variety is pollinated, and obtains backcrossing seed；
S4, with helium as working media, in vacuum sealing environment, to the backcrossing seed of gained under the processing power of 50W The unionized width for carrying out 20 seconds penetrates process；
After S5, process terminate, gained seed is placed in into seed soaking agent immersion 40min, the seed soaking agent is by following weight portion Raw material is prepared from：3~6 parts of multi-effect mycin, 3~5 parts of carbendazim, 100 times of EM original solution, 10~20 parts of diluent, calcium chloride 0.2 ~0.5 part, 0.1~0.3 part of manganese sulfate, 0.05~0.15 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate；
S6, Vermiculitum, sawdust are terminated with process after seed mix and be fitted in beaker, and distilled water is added, in beaker Mix thoroughly, 32 hours are placed under dark condition, caused, after initiation terminates, Apple Seeds are chosen in releaser is picked up Go out；
S7, weigh orchard topsoil 50-60 parts, distiller grains 20-30 parts, fertile soil 25-35 parts, wormcast 23-33 parts, rice husk Leaf slag 15-25 part mixing and stirring after carbon 10-15 parts, Folium Stevlae Rebaudianae cured leaf 6-10 parts, Folium Stevlae Rebaudianae extraction, obtains planting soil；
S8, the seedling bed being made up of the nursery groove of some 8 × 10cm is built in booth, and filled in each nursery groove Planting soil, after the completion of filling, will cause the seed for terminating gently to be pressed in planting soil, and just mark is covered as by mud with seed Standard, sows 2 in each nursery groove, complete after planting, and semitransparent thin film is covered on seedling bed, and is covering semitransparent thin film Surrounding is punched where upper correspondence sowing and where sowing；
S9, transplanting are first 3 months, and the sheep stool 1200kg for becoming thoroughly decomposed, fermenting is applied for per mu in growing area, after deep ploughing 25cm, per mu Apply compound fertilizer 45-55kg, Pericarpium Musae lyophilized powder 3-6kg, molasses powder 15-30kg carefully to be ploughed, using duplicate rows individual plant, triangle disposition Mode staggers plant, and 110-120 plant/acre of specification digs cave field planting, is 50cm × 50cm × 40cm per cave length and width depth, plants during transplanting Soil is planted together in cave, it is ensured that strain spacing is in 50-55cm.
Embodiment 2
A kind of Apple breeding method, comprises the steps：
S1, the pollen of the Xinjiang red meat Fructus Mali pumilae apple variety excellent to the Comprehensive Traits after emasculation is pollinated, obtained Hybrid seed；
S2, the seed of gained is seeded in greenhouse and nursery is carried out, then by the transplantation of seedlings of growing directly from seeds for obtaining to land for growing field crops, in first Fruiting period screens peel from the seedling and sarcocarp is the strain of redness and fruit brittleness value ＞ 1.3kg/s, as red meat Crisp meat strain；
S3, the pollen of the crisp meat strain of each red meat for obtaining screening respectively to emasculation after the Comprehensive Traits it is excellent Apple variety is pollinated, and obtains backcrossing seed；
S4, with helium as working media, in vacuum sealing environment, to the backcrossing seed of gained under the processing power of 350W The unionized width for carrying out 15 seconds penetrates process；
After S5, process terminate, gained seed is placed in into seed soaking agent immersion 40min, the seed soaking agent is by following weight portion Raw material is prepared from：3~6 parts of multi-effect mycin, 3~5 parts of carbendazim, 100 times of EM original solution, 10~20 parts of diluent, calcium chloride 0.2 ~0.5 part, 0.1~0.3 part of manganese sulfate, 0.05~0.15 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate；
S6, Vermiculitum, sawdust are terminated with process after seed mix and be fitted in beaker, and distilled water is added, in beaker Mix thoroughly, 24 hours are placed under dark condition, caused, after initiation terminates, Apple Seeds are chosen in releaser is picked up Go out；
S7, weigh orchard topsoil 50-60 parts, distiller grains 20-30 parts, fertile soil 25-35 parts, wormcast 23-33 parts, rice husk Leaf slag 15-25 part mixing and stirring after carbon 10-15 parts, Folium Stevlae Rebaudianae cured leaf 6-10 parts, Folium Stevlae Rebaudianae extraction, obtains planting soil；
S8, the seedling bed being made up of the nursery groove of some 8 × 10cm is built in booth, and filled in each nursery groove Planting soil, after the completion of filling, will cause the seed for terminating gently to be pressed in planting soil, and just mark is covered as by mud with seed Standard, sows 2 in each nursery groove, complete after planting, and semitransparent thin film is covered on seedling bed, and is covering semitransparent thin film Surrounding is punched where upper correspondence sowing and where sowing；
S9, transplanting are first 3 months, and the sheep stool 1200kg for becoming thoroughly decomposed, fermenting is applied for per mu in growing area, after deep ploughing 30cm, per mu Apply compound fertilizer 45-55kg, Pericarpium Musae lyophilized powder 3-6kg, molasses powder 15-30kg carefully to be ploughed, using duplicate rows individual plant, triangle disposition Mode staggers plant, and 110-120 plant/acre of specification digs cave field planting, is 50cm × 50cm × 40cm per cave length and width depth, plants during transplanting Soil is planted together in cave, it is ensured that strain spacing is in 50-55cm.
Embodiment 3
A kind of Apple breeding method, comprises the steps：
S1, the pollen of the Xinjiang red meat Fructus Mali pumilae apple variety excellent to the Comprehensive Traits after emasculation is pollinated, obtained Hybrid seed；
S2, the seed of gained is seeded in greenhouse and nursery is carried out, then by the transplantation of seedlings of growing directly from seeds for obtaining to land for growing field crops, in first Fruiting period screens peel from the seedling and sarcocarp is the strain of redness and fruit brittleness value ＞ 1.3kg/s, as red meat Crisp meat strain；
S3, the pollen of the crisp meat strain of each red meat for obtaining screening respectively to emasculation after the Comprehensive Traits it is excellent Apple variety is pollinated, and obtains backcrossing seed；
S4, with helium as working media, in vacuum sealing environment, to the backcrossing seed of gained under the processing power of 200W The unionized width for carrying out 18 seconds penetrates process；
After S5, process terminate, gained seed is placed in into seed soaking agent immersion 30min, the seed soaking agent is by following weight portion Raw material is prepared from：3~6 parts of multi-effect mycin, 3~5 parts of carbendazim, 100 times of EM original solution, 10~20 parts of diluent, calcium chloride 0.2 ~0.5 part, 0.1~0.3 part of manganese sulfate, 0.05~0.15 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate；
S6, Vermiculitum, sawdust are terminated with process after seed mix and be fitted in beaker, and distilled water is added, in beaker Mix thoroughly, 24-32 hour is placed under dark condition, caused, after initiation terminates, choose Apple Seeds in releaser Pick；
S7, weigh orchard topsoil 50-60 parts, distiller grains 20-30 parts, fertile soil 25-35 parts, wormcast 23-33 parts, rice husk Leaf slag 15-25 part mixing and stirring after carbon 10-15 parts, Folium Stevlae Rebaudianae cured leaf 6-10 parts, Folium Stevlae Rebaudianae extraction, obtains planting soil；
S8, the seedling bed being made up of the nursery groove of some 8 × 10cm is built in booth, and filled in each nursery groove Planting soil, after the completion of filling, will cause the seed for terminating gently to be pressed in planting soil, and just mark is covered as by mud with seed Standard, sows 2 in each nursery groove, complete after planting, and semitransparent thin film is covered on seedling bed, and is covering semitransparent thin film Surrounding is punched where upper correspondence sowing and where sowing；
S9, transplanting are first 3 months, apply the sheep stool 1200kg for becoming thoroughly decomposed, fermenting for per mu in growing area, after deep ploughing 27.5cm, often Mu Shi compound fertilizer 45-55kg, Pericarpium Musae lyophilized powder 3-6kg, molasses powder 15-30kg are carefully ploughed, using duplicate rows individual plant, " product " word Shape mode staggers plant, and 110-120 plant/acre of specification digs cave field planting, is 50cm × 50cm × 40cm per cave length and width depth, kind during transplanting Plant soil to plant together in cave, it is ensured that strain spacing is in 50-55cm.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art For member, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications also should It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of Apple breeding method, it is characterised in that comprise the steps：
S1, the pollen of the Xinjiang red meat Fructus Mali pumilae apple variety excellent to the Comprehensive Traits after emasculation is pollinated, hybridized Seed；
S2, the seed of gained is seeded in greenhouse and nursery is carried out, then by the transplantation of seedlings of growing directly from seeds for obtaining to land for growing field crops, in first fruiting period Peel is screened from the seedling and sarcocarp is the strain of redness and fruit brittleness value ＞ 1.3kg/s, the as crisp meat of red meat Strain；
S3, the pollen of the crisp meat strain of each red meat for obtaining screening respectively to emasculation after the excellent Fructus Mali pumilae of the Comprehensive Traits Kind is pollinated, and obtains backcrossing seed；
S4, with helium as working media, in vacuum sealing environment, to the backcrossing seed of gained under the processing power of 50~350W The unionized width for carrying out 15~20 seconds penetrates process；
After S5, process terminate, gained seed is placed in into seed soaking agent and soaks 20~40min, the seed soaking agent is by following weight portion Raw material is prepared from：3~6 parts of multi-effect mycin, 3~5 parts of carbendazim, 100 times of EM original solution, 10~20 parts of diluent, calcium chloride 0.2 ~0.5 part, 0.1~0.3 part of manganese sulfate, 0.05~0.15 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate；
S6, Vermiculitum, sawdust are terminated with process after seed mix and be fitted in beaker, and add distilled water, mix thoroughly in beaker, 24-32 hour is placed under dark condition, is caused, after initiation terminates, Apple Seeds are chosen in releaser is picked；
S7, weigh orchard topsoil 50-60 parts, distiller grains 20-30 parts, fertile soil 25-35 parts, wormcast 23-33 parts, rice husk carbon Leaf slag 15-25 part mixing and stirring after 10-15 parts, Folium Stevlae Rebaudianae cured leaf 6-10 parts, Folium Stevlae Rebaudianae extraction, obtains planting soil；
S8, build in booth the seedling bed being made up of the nursery groove of some 8 × 10cm, and the filling planting in each nursery groove Soil, after the completion of filling, will cause the seed for terminating gently to be pressed in planting soil, just be covered as standard by mud with seed, often 2 are sowed in individual nursery groove, is completed after planting, semitransparent thin film is covered on seedling bed, and it is right on semitransparent thin film is covered Surrounding is punched where should sowing and where sowing；
S9, transplanting are first 3 months, and the sheep stool 1200kg for becoming thoroughly decomposed, fermenting is applied for per mu in growing area, and after deep ploughing 25-30cm, per mu is applied Compound fertilizer 45-55kg, Pericarpium Musae lyophilized powder 3-6kg, molasses powder 15-30kg are carefully ploughed, using duplicate rows individual plant, triangle disposition side Formula staggers plant, and 110-120 plant/acre of specification digs cave field planting, is 50cm × 50cm × 40cm per cave length and width depth, planting soil during transplanting Plant together in cave, it is ensured that strain spacing is in 50-55cm.
2. a kind of Apple breeding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the mixed fertilizer is by following weight portion Raw material is prepared from：
Carbamide 45-55 parts, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 30-40 part, calcium superphosphate 4.5-5.5 parts, Borax 5-10 parts, zinc-amino acid chelate 3-6 Part, chelating amino acids potassium 45-55 parts.
3. a kind of Apple breeding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the Pericarpium Musae lyophilized powder is by following Step prepares gained：
Take clean Pericarpium Musae to be placed in steam-explosion jar, be first passed through nitrogen to steam explosion pressure inside the tank be 0.8-1.4MPa, explosion treatment 8-25min；Then it is 1.4-1.8MPa to be passed through steam rapidly to steam explosion pressure inside the tank, after Steam explosion treatment 0.5-2.5min, Room temperature is concentrated into relative density 1.10-1.20, and lyophilization obtains Pericarpium Musae lyophilized powder.
4. a kind of Apple breeding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that during transplanting, move together with planting soil Plant.
CN201710158840.4A 2017-03-13 2017-03-13 Apple breeding method Pending CN106665336A (en)

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CN107624583A (en) * 2017-10-20 2018-01-26 山西省农业科学院玉米研究所 The method of the organic Sweet Potato For High. yield Production cultivation in hills drought-hit area
CN108094084A (en) * 2017-12-19 2018-06-01 王惠滨 A kind of cultural method of Organic Sorghum
CN108821882A (en) * 2018-08-21 2018-11-16 朱小丽 A kind of cultivation of fruit tree Nutrition Soil and preparation method thereof
CN110024687A (en) * 2019-05-08 2019-07-19 西北农林科技大学 A method of improving apple drought resistance
WO2019213263A1 (en) * 2018-05-01 2019-11-07 Wasko Christopher Plant growth matrix
CN112352618A (en) * 2020-10-28 2021-02-12 中国农业科学院果树研究所 Efficient seedling raising method for apple rootstock hybrid seeds
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