CN106632939A - 一种薯莨单宁吸附泡沫材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种薯莨单宁吸附泡沫材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106632939A
CN106632939A CN201611257636.XA CN201611257636A CN106632939A CN 106632939 A CN106632939 A CN 106632939A CN 201611257636 A CN201611257636 A CN 201611257636A CN 106632939 A CN106632939 A CN 106632939A
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皮振邦
陈亮
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FOSHAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE CHINA UNIVERSITY OF GEOSCIENCES
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Abstract

本发明主要涉及一种薯莨单宁泡沫吸附材料及其制备方法，涉及环境技术领域。制备方法具体包括以下几个步骤：将薯莨渣放至真空干燥箱，干燥若干小时后使用高速粉碎机进行粉碎，过50目筛得到薯莨粉末，常温干燥环境保存备用。取一定量薯莨粉末和亚硫酸钠放至圆底烧杯。加入一定量的水后置于超声发生器内，设置超声频率及超声时间，经减压过滤后，得薯莨单宁提取物，称取一定质量呋喃甲醇、蒸馏水、甲醛，加至反应器后搅拌均匀，加入一定质量薯莨单宁提取物、发泡剂、乙酸或磷酸，搅拌30s~45s，最后加入盐酸发生聚合反应得泡沫材料，经洗涤、60℃干燥24h得产品薯莨单宁吸附泡沫材料。本发明所制备薯莨单宁吸附泡沫材料具有吸附容量高、工艺简单特点。

Description

一种薯莨单宁吸附泡沫材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种单宁基泡沫材料及制备方法，属于材料科学与加工利用领域。
背景技术
目前我国水体污染形式严峻，除去传统的水体污染物如农药、生活污水、工业污水，新型污染物如染料、表面活性剂、药物开始出现。使用吸附材料可以有效去除水体污染物。
单宁泡沫材料作为一种新型材料越来越受到学术界及工业界关注。其合成主要基于单宁的凝胶化反应，中国专利公开号CN104163904 A公开了一种单宁基生物质泡沫材料及制备方法，该泡沫材料利用发泡剂及催化剂实现自发泡过程，主要应用于建筑物领域的隔热保温层材料和防火材料，也可用于鲜花保湿的花泥材料。中国专利公开号CN105727907A公开了一种一种磁性柿单宁复合吸附材料及其制备方法，该材料主要利用交联反应实现柿单宁在基体材料上的固化。此外大量的国外文献报道了通过利用单宁活性位点多的特性来制备基于单宁的泡沫材料，并对单宁泡沫材料的各项性能进行了分析测试。得出了单宁基泡沫材料兼具了聚氨酯泡沫和酚醛树脂泡沫的优点，而且原材料来自于生物质，具有来源丰富、处理成本低、无毒、无二次污染等优点
目前关于单宁要集中于黑荆树单宁、白坚木单宁、落叶松单宁、柿单宁。关于薯莨单宁在泡沫材料的应用尚未见报道。而在广东地区有一国家级非物质文化遗产-香云纱，其制作工艺复杂、对环境要求高，原料为薯莨，利用薯莨榨汁对丝绸进行扎染，随后废弃薯莨渣露天堆积，经风干后进行焚烧处理，其过程中不仅浪费大量薯莨资源，且对当地环境造成了破坏薯莨资源丰富，若将薯莨渣作为单宁提取来源，开发一种薯莨单宁吸附材料不仅具有实际经济效应，也为薯莨的应用开辟了新用途。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于针对现有技术，提供一种薯莨单宁泡沫吸附材料的制备方法。本发明由薯莨单宁、呋喃甲醇、甲醛、发泡剂、水在催化剂的作用下发生聚合反应，形成稳定的泡沫材料。
为实现本发明目的，配方其特征在于按重量份数计，由以下原料制备而成:薯莨单宁提取物: 20~30份；发泡剂: 25~30份； 甲醛: 11~15份；呋喃甲醇: 3~5份；蒸馏水:10~20份；催化剂: 1~3份。称取一定质量呋喃甲醇、蒸馏水、甲醛，加至反应器后搅拌均匀，加入一定质量薯莨单宁提取物、发泡剂、乙酸或磷酸，搅拌30s~45s，最后加入盐酸发生聚合反应得泡沫材料，经洗涤、60℃干燥24h得产品薯莨单宁吸附泡沫材料。
其中配方中所述薯莨单宁提取物制备方法包括以下步骤:
a. 粉碎干燥：将薯莨渣放至真空干燥箱设置一定温度，干燥若干小时后使用高速粉碎机进行粉碎，过50目筛得到薯莨粉末，常温干燥环境保存备用；
b. 超声提取：取一定量薯莨粉末和亚硫酸钠放至圆底烧杯，。加入一定量的水后置于超声发生器内，设置超声频率及超声时间，经减压过滤后，得单宁提取物；
c. 纯化干燥：按照一定比例向提取物中加入定量乙醇，混合均匀后高速离心，收集上清液得到纯化的薯莨单宁提取物。
其中配方所述催化剂为乙酸、磷酸、盐酸其中一种。
其中配方所述发泡剂为乙醚、戊烷、己烷或氟利昂其中一种。
本发明的优点：
1、利用超声提取法充分提取薯莨单宁，工艺简单，提取率高；
2、充分利用工业废料薯莨渣资源，通过提取工艺将其单宁提纯并利用交联固化化学方法将提取的单宁其再加工改性，实现功能化应用同时实现薯莨资源再利用，变废为宝。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明
实施例1一种薯莨单宁吸附泡沫材料的制备包括以下步骤：
（1）将薯莨渣放至真空干燥箱设置温度40℃，干燥24h后使用高速粉碎机进行粉碎，过50目筛得到薯莨粉末，常温干燥环境保存备用。取20g薯莨粉末和1g的亚硫酸钠放至圆底烧杯，加入80ml水后置于超声发生器内，设置超声频率为40kHZ，经减压过滤后，得单宁提取物，向提取物中加入160ml乙醇（V提取物：V乙醇=1：2），混合均匀后4000rpm离心15min，收集上清液得到纯化的薯莨单宁提取物；
（2）一种薯莨单宁泡沫吸附材料的制备，其中各组成成分按重量计：将称取3份呋喃甲醇、10份蒸馏水、11份甲醛，加至反应器后搅拌均匀，加入20份薯莨单宁提取物、25份乙醚、0.5份乙酸，搅拌30s~45s，最后加入0.5份盐酸发生聚合反应得泡沫材料，经洗涤、60℃干燥24h得产品薯莨单宁吸附泡沫材料。
实施例2 一种薯莨单宁泡沫吸附材料的制备包括以下步骤：
（1）将薯莨渣放至真空干燥箱设置温度40℃，干燥24h后使用高速粉碎机进行粉碎，过50目筛得到薯莨粉末，常温干燥环境保存备用。取20g薯莨粉末和1g的亚硫酸钠放至圆底烧杯，加入80ml水后置于超声发生器内，设置超声频率为40kHZ，经减压过滤后，得单宁提取物，向提取物中加入160ml乙醇（V提取物：V乙醇=1：2），混合均匀后4000rpm离心15min，收集上清液得到纯化的薯莨单宁提取物；
（2）一种薯莨单宁泡沫吸附材料的制备，其中各组成成分按重量计：将称取4份呋喃甲醇、15份蒸馏水、13份甲醛，加至反应器后搅拌均匀，加入22份薯莨单宁提取物、27份乙醚、0.2份乙酸，搅拌30s~45s，最后加入0.7份盐酸发生聚合反应得泡沫材料，经洗涤、60℃干燥24h得产品薯莨单宁吸附泡沫材料。

Claims (3)

1.一种薯莨单宁吸附泡沫材料的制备方法，其特征在于将称取一定质量呋喃甲醇、蒸馏水、甲醛，加至反应器后搅拌均匀，加入一定质量薯莨单宁提取物、发泡剂、乙酸或磷酸，搅拌30s~45s，最后加入盐酸发生聚合反应得泡沫材料，经洗涤、60℃干燥24h得产品薯莨单宁吸附泡沫材料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的薯莨单宁提取物，其制备方法在于将薯莨渣放至真空干燥箱设置一定温度，干燥若干小时后使用高速粉碎机进行粉碎，过50目筛得到薯莨粉末，常温干燥环境保存备用，取一定量薯莨粉末和亚硫酸钠放至圆底烧杯，加入一定量的水后置于超声发生器内，设置超声频率及超声时间，经减压过滤后，得单宁提取物，向提取物中加入定量乙醇，混合均匀后高速离心，收集上清液得到纯化的薯莨单宁提取物。
3.根据权利要求 2所述的薯莨单宁提取物，其特征在于提取原料来自薯莨或薯莨渣。
CN201611257636.XA 2016-12-30 2016-12-30 一种薯莨单宁吸附泡沫材料及其制备方法 Pending CN106632939A (zh)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110479219A (zh) * 2019-07-16 2019-11-22 四川师范大学 一种多孔微球泡沫吸附材料及其制备方法

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CN1379033A (zh) * 2001-03-30 2002-11-13 住建产业株式会社 产生丹宁的方法及其应用
CN104163904A (zh) * 2014-03-05 2014-11-26 西南林业大学 一种单宁基生物质泡沫材料及制备方法
CN106083946A (zh) * 2016-06-07 2016-11-09 华南理工大学 一种从薯莨中提取单宁的工艺方法

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CN1379033A (zh) * 2001-03-30 2002-11-13 住建产业株式会社 产生丹宁的方法及其应用
CN104163904A (zh) * 2014-03-05 2014-11-26 西南林业大学 一种单宁基生物质泡沫材料及制备方法
CN106083946A (zh) * 2016-06-07 2016-11-09 华南理工大学 一种从薯莨中提取单宁的工艺方法

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110479219A (zh) * 2019-07-16 2019-11-22 四川师范大学 一种多孔微球泡沫吸附材料及其制备方法
CN110479219B (zh) * 2019-07-16 2022-05-27 四川师范大学 一种多孔微球泡沫吸附材料及其制备方法

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Application publication date: 20170510